JP2010077562A - Spun yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide excellent nylon spun yarn not available to date, capable of giving a woven or knitted fabric such characteristics as light-weight feeling, soft feeling, and elastic feeling, and in addition, sufficient dimensional stability enough for withstanding domestic drying such as tumble drying. <P>SOLUTION: The spun yarn includes a staple fiber of nylon 11 having a single filament fineness of ≤10 dtex, in a ratio of at least 40 mass% relative to the whole spun yarn. The spun yarn may suitably be used alone or in combination with another fiber. A knitted fabric made from the spun yarn excels in dimensional stability relative to a knitted fabric made from spun yarn of nylon 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a spun yarn using nylon 11 short fibers.

  For a long time, spun yarns using polyamide short fibers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66 have been known and widely used not only in clothing but also in the material field.

  However, woven and knitted fabrics using the above-described polyamide fibers are often slightly inferior in heat setting properties, and are difficult to impart surface changes.

  In order to solve this point, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes to use a yarn made of nylon 6 composite fiber containing a specific amount of an alkali-eluting component. Since this yarn is superior in twisting and setting effect than a normal nylon 6 yarn, it can be used to give a woven and knitted fabric with a variety of textures.

Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a woven fabric rich in wrinkle feeling using a yarn composed of a composite fiber in which ethylene-vinyl acetate saponified product is used as a core component and nylon 6 is used as a sheath component.
JP-A-8-35145 JP-A-6-220770

  Conventionally, in order to improve the heat setting property of a woven or knitted fabric using polyamide fibers, means for incorporating components other than polyamide into the fibers as described above has been generally effective. The woven and knitted fabrics for clothing are indispensable for lightness, softness and elasticity, and the polyamide fibers are excellent in that these properties can be imparted to the woven and knitted fabrics at the same time. If a component other than polyamide is contained therein, such characteristics may be lost from the woven or knitted fabric.

  Further, the purpose of improving the heat setting property of the woven or knitted fabric is limited to improving the surface feeling of the woven or knitted fabric, and the viewpoint that the woven or knitted fabric has dimensional stability that does not shrink even after using a dryer after washing. There has been no case study.

  The heat set refers to a phenomenon in which a woven or knitted fabric changes its form following heat and is then fixed in that form. In order to improve the heat setting property of the woven or knitted fabric, the woven or knitted fabric may be heat-set at a high temperature during the dyeing process, and this can prevent the woven or knitted fabric from shrinking to some extent. In other words, even if heat is applied to the woven or knitted fabric later, if the temperature is lower than that at the time of setting, the setability is generally maintained. However, as long as the heat setting property is obtained by utilizing the characteristics derived from the substrate of the polymer composition such as polyamide, no matter how much the heat applied to the woven or knitted fabric is lower than that at the time of setting, it is long. If the time heat is continuously applied, the amount of heat received by the woven or knitted fabric naturally increases, so that the woven or knitted fabric shrinks.

  Then, for example, even in home drying such as tumble drying, although the drying temperature is lower than the temperature at the time of setting, the amount of heat received by the woven or knitted fabric is considerably large because it is dried for a long time, and the woven and knitted fabric shrinks accordingly. End up.

  To improve this, the woven or knitted fabric should be set at a higher temperature. However, the higher the temperature, the more likely to cause new problems such as fiber embrittlement and yellowing. The texture and quality will be impaired.

  Therefore, in order to improve this point, means such as ancillary processing of woven and knitted materials have been studied, but no effective one has been found, and it can only withstand home drying such as tumble drying. In order to ensure the dimensional stability, no effective means can be found except for modifying and modifying the fiber composition itself.

  The present invention eliminates such disadvantages of the prior art, and has dimensions that can sufficiently withstand woven and knitted fabrics, such as lightness, softness, elasticity, and home drying such as tumble drying. A technical problem is to provide an excellent nylon spun yarn that can provide stability.

  The inventor of the present invention has arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.

  That is, the gist of the present invention is a spun yarn comprising 40% by mass or more of nylon 11 short fibers having a single yarn fineness of 10 dtex or less based on the total spun yarn.

  The spun yarn of the present invention contains a specific amount of nylon 11 short fibers having a specific fineness. As a result, unlike conventional nylon spun yarn, not only characteristics such as lightness, softness, and elasticity, but also dimensional stability sufficient to withstand home drying such as tumble drying can be applied to the woven or knitted fabric. it can.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  In the present invention, nylon 11 short fibers are used. Nylon 11 as a raw material of the fiber is obtained by polycondensation of 11-aminoundecanoic acid. Since 11-aminoundecanoic acid is produced based on castor oil extracted from castor (castor bean) seeds, nylon 11 can be said to be a plant-derived component. Nylon 11 may be copolymerized with other polyamide-forming monomers such as ε-caprolactam and hexamethylene diammonium adipate, and other polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 66 may be blended. May be. Further, in the nylon 11, various additives such as an antioxidant, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a matting agent, an inorganic filler, a reinforcing agent, a heat-resistant agent, a colorant, and a pigment are provided as long as the effects are not impaired. May be contained.

  Needless to say, nylon 11 is a polymer composition, and necessarily includes a low molecular composition (monomer). When the amount of this monomer is less than usual, nylon 11 short fibers excellent in high elongation can be obtained with good operability without strictly controlling melt spinning, stretching conditions and the like when obtaining fibers. Therefore, the amount of monomer contained in nylon 11 is preferably less than 0.35%.

  The measurement of the monomer amount of nylon 11 is performed as follows. First, a nylon 11 chip is frozen and pulverized so as to have a size of 1 mm square or less, 0.5 g of this is precisely weighed, 10 ml of pure water is added, and the mixture is extracted in a water bath at 60 ° C. for 2 hours. Next, it is filtered through a 0.45 μm filter to obtain a sample for GC / MS measurement, and GC / MS is measured under the following conditions.

Apparatus: GC: Agilent 6890N, MS: Agilent 5975C
Column: 5% -diphenyl-95% -dimethylpolysiloxane Column temperature: 50 ° C., temperature measurement 20 ° C./min Carrier gas: Helium
Inlet temperature: 250 ° C., injection volume 1 μl, split ratio 10: 1
Detector temperature: 280 ° C
In order to make the monomer amount in nylon 11 less than 0.35%, the tip and ion exchange water are brought into contact with each other in a countercurrent, and the bath ratio (tip / ion exchange water = 1/10 to 1/4) is 97 ° C. For example, a method of performing an extraction process for 8 to 16 hours may be mentioned.

  The nylon 11 short fiber in the present invention has the above composition. On the other hand, as the fiber shape, an arbitrary shape such as a circular cross-section, an irregular cross-section, or a hollow cross-section may be adopted as the cross-sectional shape, but the thickness, that is, the single yarn fineness, needs to be 10 dtex or less. If it exceeds 10 dtex, the woven or knitted fabric cannot be given a light feeling or soft feeling. Although the lower limit of the single yarn fineness is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.5 dtex or more from the viewpoint of imparting a stretch feeling to the woven or knitted fabric. The fiber length is not particularly limited, but is generally preferably 35 to 76 mm from the viewpoint of spinnability.

The spun yarn of the present invention contains nylon 11 short fibers as described above, and the content thereof should be 40% by mass or more from the viewpoint of imparting a light feeling and dimensional stability to the woven or knitted fabric. There is. The specific gravity of nylon 11 short fibers is generally about 1.03 g / cm ³ , which is smaller than 1.14 g / cm ³ of nylon 6 short fibers. Therefore, if the spun yarn of the present invention is used, a lightweight woven or knitted fabric can be obtained. can get. The details of the relationship between the spun yarn of the present invention and the dimensional stability of the woven or knitted fabric are unknown, but the official moisture content of nylon 11 short fiber is about 1.0% and 4.5 of nylon 6 short fiber. It is considered that less than% contributes to improvement in dimensional stability. That is, when the official moisture content is reduced, the difference in moisture content between the standard state and the wet state is reduced, and this is presumed to have a favorable influence on the dimensional change of the woven or knitted fabric.

  Thus, the spun yarn of the present invention contains a specific amount of nylon 11 short fibers, and may contain other short fibers as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Such short fibers are not particularly limited. For example, in view of the fact that nylon 11 is a plant-derived component, it is preferable to select polylactic acid short fibers in addition to natural fibers and regenerated fibers. Considering the texture of the knitted or knitted fabric, nylon 6 short fibers and nylon 66 short fibers are preferable, and considering the dimensional stability, polyester short fibers are preferable.

  Next, an example is demonstrated as a manufacturing method of the spun yarn of this invention.

  First, a nylon 11 chip having a monomer content of less than 0.35% was prepared, and after adjusting the moisture content of this chip to 0.05% by mass, it was supplied to an extruder type melt extruder at a spinning temperature of 230 ° C. Melt spin. Next, the obtained spun yarn is once taken out without being drawn and converged on a tow of 100,000 to 2 million dtex. And after heat-drawing this, it gives a mechanical crimp with a crimper, cut | disconnects to predetermined length, and is set as the nylon 11 short fiber.

  The obtained short fiber constitutes the main structure of the present invention, and is introduced into a series of spinning processes together with other short fibers as necessary to obtain a target spun yarn. In the spinning process, a general synthetic fiber spinning method may be applied mutatis mutandis.

  A nylon 11 chip having a relative viscosity (measured at a concentration of 1 g / dl and a temperature of 25 ° C. using 96% sulfuric acid as a catalyst at a temperature of 25 ° C.) of 2.01 and a monomer amount of 0.25% was used. After adjusting to%, it was supplied to an extruder type melt extruder and melt-spun at a spinning temperature of 230 ° C. Then, the obtained spun yarn was converged to make a tow of 100,000 dtex, heat-drawn, and then introduced into a push-in crimper to be crimped. Thereafter, this was cut into an average fiber length of 51 mm to obtain a nylon 11 short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex. The strength of the obtained short fiber was 4.0 cN / dtex, and the elongation was 50%.

  Next, a series of spinning steps were performed on the obtained nylon 11 short fibers, and a nylon 11 short fiber alone used spun yarn (Example 1), and the nylon 11 short fibers and cotton fibers in a mass ratio of 1: 1. Two kinds of spun yarns (Example 2) mixed together were prepared. The thickness of the spun yarn was both 30th (English cotton count).

  Using the obtained spun yarns as warp and weft, weaving a plain machine with a warp density of 100 / 2.54 cm and a weft density of 70 / 2.54 cm, and after scouring, dyeing using an acid dye, Two types of fabrics were obtained.

  The obtained two kinds of fabrics were excellent in lightness, softness and elasticity. However, since the fabric weights were 146 g / m 2 (Example 1) and 158 g / m 2 (Example 2), the fabric according to Example 1 using a large amount of nylon 11 short fibers is more lightweight. It was a thing.

  Moreover, after repeating the operation of carrying out home washing based on JIS L1042G method, and subsequent tumbler drying 10 times with respect to both textiles, when the dimension change was measured, the warp direction 0.5% and the weft direction 0 respectively. 4% (Example 1), 1.5% in the warp direction, and 1.4% in the weft direction (Example 2).

  For comparison, a nylon 6 short fiber alone is used in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 except that nylon 6 short fibers having the same average fiber length and single yarn fineness are used instead of nylon 11 short fibers. Two types of yarn (Comparative Example 1) and spun yarn (Comparative Example 2) in which nylon 6 short fibers and cotton fibers were mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 1, and two types of fabrics using these were obtained. (Comparative Examples 1 and 2).

  The resulting woven fabric was excellent in softness and elasticity, but the fabric weight was 161 g / m2 (Comparative Example 1) and 166 g / m2 (Comparative Example 2), which were slightly heavy, resulting in lack of lightness. .

Moreover, when the dimensional change of the fabric was measured by the same means as in Examples 1 and 2, the warp direction was 3.0%, the weft direction was 2.8% (Comparative Example 1), the warp direction was 2.8%, The latitude direction was 3.0% (Comparative Example 2). From these results, the fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 using nylon 11 short fibers have dimensional stability sufficient to withstand home drying such as tumble drying as compared with conventionally known fabrics. Can be confirmed.

Claims (1)

A spun yarn comprising 40% by mass or more of nylon 11 short fibers having a single yarn fineness of 10 dtex or less based on the total spun yarn.