JP2010072640A - Device for string winder tuning - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep the beauty of "Tenjin" (end part of an instrument) without damaging traditional appearance while making it easy to replace string winder pegs and to surely eliminate unintended loosening of the string winder peg in a Japanese style stringed instrument. <P>SOLUTION: The string winder 1 includes: a winding shaft 2 for winding up the string; a rotation drive and detent operation mechanism 3 for transferring rotation to the winding shaft and also blocking the return back of the winding shaft; and a handle 4 for tuning operation as well as imparting the rotation to the rotation drive and detent operation mechanism. The rotation drive and detent operation mechanism 3 includes: a liner 16 of a truncated conical bearing which is fixed while being externally fitted to the base side journal 2C, the conical surface of which is fitted to a receiving hole 8; a polygonal sleeve 17 externally slidably fitted to the hexagonal shaft of the winding shaft 2; and a sleeve nut 5 screwed to the shaft part 2a of the winding shaft 2 while having an externally same sized cross section as the polygonal sleeve 17, for making the polygonal sleeve 17 tightly be in contact with the liner 16 of a truncated conical bearing for demonstrating desirable frictional force. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pincushion articulation device, and more particularly to a device for winding a yarn when tuning a string (thread) such as a shamisen, which can be detented so as not to cause subsequent loosening of the yarn. It relates to a rod structure.

  FIG. 24A is a front view of a three-line 31 that is one of the three-string instruments. The Tenjin 33 formed at the upper end of the heel 32 is provided with a number of thread winding rods 35 that wind up and tune the thread 34. Incidentally, 36 is a torso, 37 is a torso, 38 is a skin, 39 is a piece.

  (B) of the figure is an example of the Tenjin 10 in the case of the shamisen, and Fukubayashi 15 as a support metal fitting also serving as a decoration is fixed to the receiving hole 8 opened in the branch wall 7, and each bobbin stick 35A is It is inserted from one branch wall toward the other branch wall and is supported by left and right Fukubayashi. In addition, 6 is Itokura, 40 is Ebi tail, 41 is an upper piece (singer).

  The handle 4 of the bobbin winding rod 35A is given a length and thickness suitable for it, and the winding part has a taper that allows a wedge to be fitted to one Fukubayashi (reference numeral 1W in FIG. 17B). And 15B). Depending on the amount of fitting in Fukubayashi, various sizes of friction can be generated. Since the tuned yarn is in a tense state, a rewinding force always acts on the spool, and if the frictional force generated with Fukubayashi is small, the yarn begins to loosen. Therefore, depending on the tension level of the thread during tuning, the pin is strongly pushed into Fukubayashi while rotating by applying a force that slightly exceeds the friction force at that time. This is the case for elderly people and weak women. Often difficult.

  In view of this, some proposals have been made to devise the bobbin rod so that the bobbin rod is securely fixed to the receiving hole to prevent loosening. One of them is a two-part structure in which a thread winding rod is divided into a grip portion and a winding shaft, and a long and thin screw rod is passed through a hole penetrating in the longitudinal direction of the grip portion.

  In more detail, the bearing cylinder is fixed to the receiving hole with an adhesive or the like so that the base side of the winding shaft is supported and the step provided on the winding shaft is applied to the inner end surface of the bearing cylinder. The displacement of the handle in the direction of the grip portion is prevented. The grip portion is provided with a through hole that allows the screw rod to pass through without being exposed, and a hole for screwing the tip of the screw rod is formed on the base side of the winding shaft.

  A portion that slightly protrudes from the bearing cylinder is secured on the base side of the winding shaft, and its outer shape is noncircular. The end face of the grip portion is provided with a fitting recess for engaging the non-circular outer shape portion, and the winding shaft and the grip portion are always combined with no rotational deviation. A spring washer is provided between the outer end surface of the bearing cylinder and the end surface of the grip portion so as to externally fit the non-circular outer shape portion.

  When the screwdriver is inserted from the end opening of the grip part and the screwing amount of the screw rod to the winding shaft is increased, the screw head gets caught in the stepped part provided in the middle of the through hole of the grip part, and the screw rod is advanced. Is blocked. Subsequent rotation of the screw rod causes the grip portion to approach the bearing cylinder and presses the spring washer to store the elastic force.

  This creates a frictional force between the grip and the bearing cylinder, and counters the winding looseness of the winding shaft. In addition, the grip portion in which the relative rotation is prevented from occurring and the winding shaft can be integrated in the axial direction. If the grip part is rotated with a force that overcomes the frictional force, the sound can be adjusted. If the rotation is stopped, the frictional force that is always generated becomes the braking force at that time, and the loosening of the winding after the adjustment is prevented.

  Japanese Patent No. 2802742 also proposes a structure that attempts to maintain the pin wound rod in a stationary state in the receiving hole. This also uses a screw, but utilizes the fact that the receiving hole for supporting the tip side of the bobbin winding has a taper opposite to the receiving hole for supporting the base side.

  This is because the receiving hole provided in the opposite branch wall through which the thread winding rod passes is tapered so that the tapered thread winding rod can be received and fixed. In the case of the shamisen, because the Fukubayashi with a decorative edge that decorates the periphery of the receiving hole on the outer surface of the branch wall is attached, the receiving hole has a left-right inverted taper. Although the outer diameter of the branch wall opens larger than the inner side even though it is a receiving hole on the distal end side that should have a small opening diameter, it is easy to pad from the outside. Therefore, if a plug is inserted and a screw is passed through and screwed into a screw hole provided at the tip of the bobbin winding rod, the plug pushed in by the screw is taper-fitted on the inner surface of the receiving hole. The large frictional force generated by this suppresses the loosening of the winding rod.

Japanese Patent No. 2802742

  According to the structure of the example given above, the grip does not turn unintentionally. If a torque exceeding the frictional force generated by the elastic force of the spring washer is applied to the grip portion, the thread can be further strained to make a high sound. If the thread is loosened while the friction force is maintained by the spring force of the spring washer, the sound can be adjusted to a low level. However, in this structure, even if the screw rod is unscrewed from the winding shaft, the bearing cylinder fixed to the receiving hole makes it impossible to take out the winding shaft. Since the above-described step or reverse taper is formed on the base side of the winding shaft, the pulling reaction force of the screw rod screwed to the winding shaft is received and is received by the bearing cylinder fixed to the hole. It is. Therefore, even if the screw rod is removed, the winding shaft cannot be removed unless the bearing cylinder bonded to the receiving hole is removed. In this case, a person who does not have the skill to replace the spool pin cannot be performed by himself / herself, and disadvantages and inconveniences cannot be avoided.

  On the other hand, in the case of the structure in which padding is made in the receiving hole of Patent Document 1, foreign objects such as fixing hardware may be seen from the receiving hole on the tip side, which impairs the appearance for instruments close to traditional arts and crafts. It becomes a factor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to ensure that unintentional rewinding of the thread winding rod can be surely eliminated, and to easily replace the thread winding rod. An object of the present invention is to provide a pincushion articulation device for a Japanese-style stringed instrument that can be applied to an off-the-shelf musical instrument that uses a pin wound rod without any change, and that can give consideration to the traditional appearance of Tenjin.

  The present invention is applied to a bobbin winding device that is supported by receiving holes of left and right supporting walls that form a stringhouse of stringed instruments such as shamisen, sanshin, and kouyumi, and changes the tension of the yarn stretched along the heel. The Referring to FIG. 1, the characteristic features are a winding shaft 2 for winding a yarn by a yarn winding device 1, and a rotation driving / detenting operation mechanism for rotating the winding shaft and preventing rewinding. 3 and a handle 4 that performs a sound adjustment operation by applying a torque exceeding the unwinding prevention torque acting on the rotation drive / detent operation mechanism. The take-up shaft 2 has a take-up portion 2A, a tip-side journal 2B having a constant diameter and a base-side journal 2C that supports the take-up portion with a receiving hole 8 (see FIG. 2), and a rotation that transmits rotation to the take-up portion 2A. The rotation transmission mechanism has a polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b formed continuously with the base-side journal 2C, and a screw shaft portion 2a continuous with the polygonal cross-section shaft portion and having a smaller diameter. The rotation drive / detent operation mechanism 3 is fitted on the base-side journal 2C and the conical surface is fitted and fixed in the receiving hole without being relatively rotated on the polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b. A polygonal sleeve 17 that is slidably fitted outside, and a sleeve nut 5 that is screwed onto the screw shaft portion 2 a and has the same size as the polygonal sleeve 17. The handle 4 has a polygon socket 4B that can be slidably fitted to the polygon sleeve 17 and the sleeve nut 5 to transmit torque, and is fitted and fixed in the receiving hole by the above configuration. The end of the polygonal sleeve 17 pressed by the screwing of the sleeve nut 5 is brought into close contact with the end of the truncated conical bearing liner 16 so that the winding shaft 2 does not loosen. The frictional force can be generated between the polygon sleeve 17 and the frustoconical bearing liner 16.

  As shown in FIG. 19 (a), the frustoconical bearing liner 16 can be formed of a winding part side half 16A and a handle side half 16B, and the frictional resistance coefficient of the handle side half 16B is wound. It is good to make it differ from the frictional resistance coefficient of 16 A of taking part side halves.

  According to the present invention, when the sleeve nut is screwed through the screw shaft portion by the rotation of the handle, the polygonal sleeve is also advanced, and is brought into close contact with the frustoconical bearing liner fixed to the receiving hole to generate a large frictional force. This frictional force generated by the rotation drive / detent operation mechanism prevents the winding shaft from loosening. If a force (torque) exceeding the frictional force is applied to the handle, the winding shaft can be rotated in any direction, and the tension can be adjusted by changing the tension of the yarn. The frustoconical bearing liner is only tightly fitted in the receiving hole, so that the take-up shaft can be easily removed or replaced if it is slightly displaced in the receiving hole.

  The appearance of the spool pin can be kept almost the same as the previous one, and there is no foreign matter appearing from the receiving hole on the tip side, so that the retro atmosphere and elegant appearance of traditional stringed instruments are not impaired. I can keep it. Not only is it easy to replace the spool pin, but it can also be applied to the ready-made shamisen, etc., and can be attached back to the previously used wooden spool rod as needed. is there.

  If the frustoconical bearing liner is formed by the winding side half and the handle side half, and the frictional resistance coefficient of the steering side half is different from that of the winding side half, the frustoconical bearing The yarn return prevention force generated between the liner and the polygonal sleeve can be changed for each winding rod. As a result, it is no longer necessary to prepare a number of spool pins with different frictional forces, and it is necessary to reserve or select only a few types of spare side of the frustoconical bearing liner. A desired unwinding torque can be generated.

The disassembled perspective view of the component of the pincushion articulation apparatus which concerns on this invention. The preparation state figure which is going to attach the spool pin for the second thread to the threadhouse. Explanatory drawing which inserts the front end side journal, the base part side journal, and the truncated cone bearing liner into Fukubayashi bonded and fixed to the receiving hole. Explanatory drawing which inserts a baffle into the clearance gap which was ensured as preparation for fixing a truncated cone-shaped bearing liner in Fukubayashi. Explanatory drawing which fixes a truncated cone-shaped bearing liner in Fukubayashi by pushing a polygon sleeve back with a sleeve nut. Explanatory drawing which removes the baffle plate after fixation of a truncated cone bearing liner is completed. Explanatory drawing of operation which eliminates the clearance gap after removing a baffle plate. Explanatory drawing when winding the thread | yarn around a winding part at an initial stage. Operation explanatory drawing which makes a polygon sleeve closely_contact | adhere to a frustoconical bearing liner, in order to prevent winding looseness, when the tension | tensile_strength of the thread | yarn becomes near the desired sound. Explanatory drawing of the mechanism which generates the frictional force for winding loosening prevention. The operation explanatory drawing which adjusts the tension | tensile_strength of a thread | yarn by the point which attaches a polygon socket to a handle body, and the handle. Explanatory drawing of operation which removes a thread | yarn from a winding shaft. The first operation explanatory drawing which cancels fixation of a frustoconical bearing liner in order to replace a spool. Operation explanatory drawing following FIG. Intervention explanatory drawing of a baffle plate. Explanatory drawing of operation which gets reaction force with a baffle plate, and removes a truncated cone-shaped bearing liner from Fukubayashi. Explanatory drawing which shows the state which has removed the whole winding shaft from the branch wall, and the mounting state of the existing wooden thread winding rod. Several examples of a truncated cone bearing liner, and a deformation state explanatory view when one of them is fitted to Fukubayashi. Explanatory drawing of thought process in the case of using a truncated cone bearing liner as a split type. A truncated cone bearing liner base material provided with a groove for ring cutting and a preparation explanatory drawing for application to Fukubayashi. The mounting state of the truncated cone-shaped bearing liner adjusted to the Fukubayashi compatible size and the mounting example of the example which applied the bipartite thought to it. A winding shaft that has been divided into two parts in order to make it possible to mix different materials in the winding section, and its application example. An example when the applied stringed instrument is a three-wire instrument. An example of the front view of the Sanshin and Tenjin of the Shamisen.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a bobbin articulator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof. This can be applied to generally Japanese-style stringed instruments such as shamisen, sanshin, and kyuyu. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of components that form a bobbin rod that is a bobbin winding device 1. The appearance of a bobbin rod assembled with these components is the same as that of conventional bobbin rods made of wood or ivory. It does not give a sense of incongruity.

  The bobbin winding device 1 is supported by the receiving holes 8 of the left and right support walls 7 that form the yarn retainer 6 shown in FIG. 2, and adjusts the tension of the yarn stretched along the heel 9 to change the tone. Needless to say. Returning to FIG. 1, this mainly includes a winding shaft 2 for winding a yarn, and a rotation drive / detent operation mechanism 3 for rotating the winding shaft and preventing unintentional rewinding of the winding shaft. A handle 4 for applying a torque exceeding the unwinding prevention torque acting on the rotational drive / detent stop operating mechanism and for adjusting the sound.

  In the structure in which three bobbins 1 are incorporated in the shamisen Tenjin 10 shown in FIG. 2, the winding of the three threads 11, 12, 13 does not have to be turned in a specific direction. It is drawn on the assumption that it will be achieved by moving the back of the left hand holding the spool 1 backward. In order to wind up the left thread (one thread) 11 and the right thread (third thread) 13 toward the figure, the threaded shaft portion of the winding shaft 2 (see reference numeral 2a in FIG. 1) and the screw The threaded hole 5a of the sleeve nut to be attached (see 5 in the figure) is a right-hand thread. In the winding shaft 2 for winding up the central thread (second thread) 12, the threaded shaft 2a The screw hole portion 5a of the sleeve nut 5 screwed to the left screw is a left-hand screw. As will be understood from FIG. 9 to be described later, in the rotation for winding up the yarn, the screw shaft portion 2a and the screw hole portion 5a must be tightened.

  By the way, if the rotation direction for winding the second thread 12 is opposite to that of the first thread 11 or the third thread 13, the winding will move the back of the player's left hand forward, and the screw applied to the spool It will be a right-hand thread. In the following description and drawings, the thread winding rod that operates the second thread is targeted, but in order to facilitate the understanding of the movement, it is described as a thread winding rod that is reversed left and right and applied with a right-hand thread. To do.

  Next, referring to FIG. 3, the winding shaft 2 rotates the winding portion 2 </ b> A, the tip-side journal 2 </ b> B having a constant diameter and the base-side journal 2 </ b> C that supports the winding portion in the receiving hole 8. It has a rotation transmission mechanism 2D for transmitting. The rotation transmission mechanism includes a polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b such as a hexagon formed continuously with the base side journal 2C, and a screw shaft portion 2a with a smaller diameter connected to the polygon cross-section shaft portion. The winding portion 2A is provided with a stop hole 14 for fixing the yarn end at a taper intermediate position. If the yarn is wound around the smaller one (see Fig. 2), the increase in the yarn tension is moderated even when the rotation amount (angle) is the same at the time of tuning. To make it easier to make subtle articulations.

  In the example of FIG. 1, since the winding shaft 2 is a metal cut-out product, the elements described here are integrated. However, when it is desired to keep the winding portion 2A as a non-metallic product, the winding portion 2A and the tip side journal 2B are integrated into a single part as shown in FIG. As 2b and the screw shaft portion 2a are integrated as separate parts, they can be made into two parts.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the rotation drive / detent operation mechanism 3 includes a truncated cone bearing liner 16, a polygon sleeve 17, and a sleeve nut 5. The frustoconical bearing liner 16 is fitted on the inner surface of the Fukubayashi 15 which is fitted on and supported by the base side journal 2C and is fixed to the receiving hole 8 via the conical outer surface. The friction caused by the engagement prevents the escape from Fukubayashi. The polygon sleeve 17 is engaged with the polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b and the hexagonal hole 17a, and is fitted so as to be slidable in the axial direction without rotating relatively, and the outer shape is, for example, a hexagon. The sleeve nut 5 is screwed onto the screw shaft portion 2 a and has the same outer shape as the polygonal sleeve 17. As will be described in detail later, the polygon sleeve 17 and the sleeve nut 5 rotate the winding shaft 2 according to the movement of the handle 4, and the frustoconical bearing liner 16 and the polygon sleeve 17 are the screw shaft of the sleeve nut 5. The winding shaft 2 is detented by screwing with respect to the portion 2a. The frustoconical bearing liner 16 and the polygon sleeve 17 are made of resin, and a material that can generate an appropriate frictional force when the two are in close contact with each other is selected.

  The sleeve nut 5 to be screwed onto the screw shaft portion 2a is basically made of metal. In this example, the polygon sleeve side half is a polygonal cylinder portion 5A in which a screw hole portion 5a is formed, and the handle side. The half part is a round cylinder part 5B having a middle cavity 5b that does not block even if the tip of the screw shaft part 2a enters through the polygonal cylinder part. The polygonal cylinder portion is used for a portion having the same size as the polygon sleeve 17. The round cylinder portion functions as a support cylinder for exhibiting a later integration with the handle 4 described below. In this, a ring groove 5c for holding an anti-slip O-ring 18 is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the handle 4 includes a handle body 4 </ b> A and a polygon socket 4 </ b> B that can be slidably fitted to the polygon sleeve 17 and the sleeve nut 5 to transmit torque. The polygon socket is inserted into a vertical hole 4 a provided in the handle body 4 </ b> A and bonded thereto, whereby the sleeve nut 5 and the polygon sleeve 17 can be rotated by the rotation of the handle 4.

  The polygonal socket 4B is composed of a socket head portion 4b and a socket cylinder portion 4c, as can be seen from FIG. 11 described later. The former is formed with a polygonal hole 4d having a hexagonal shape or the like into which the polygonal cylinder portion 5A can be fitted, and the polygonal hole 4e following the polygonal hole 4d is formed in the latter half of the polygonal sleeve. A circular hole 4f that can accommodate an O-ring 18 that prevents unintentional removal of the sleeve nut 5 is formed in the handle side half. If this polygon socket 4B is manufactured as a separate product as described above and bonded to the handle body 4A, or if it is a resin-molded integrated product in which the socket is directly formed on the handle body 4A, the handle 4 can be made into one part. Will be planned.

  Although configured as described above, in the present bobbin articulator, since the primary purpose is to generate a desired amount of frictional force between the parts in contact with each other, consideration is given to its wear as appropriate. One of them is the collar 19 shown in FIG. 1, and the other two are the geometrical or material differences in FIGS. 10 and / or 19. These will be described later. Regardless of whether or not they are included, the sleeve nut 5 is attached to the end portion of the truncated cone bearing liner 16 that is tightly fitted to the Fukubayashi 15 of the receiving hole 8 as shown in FIG. By bringing the end of the polygonal sleeve 17 pushed by screwing into close contact, a frictional force large enough not to cause loosening of the winding shaft 2 is caused between the polygonal sleeve 17 and the frustoconical bearing liner 16. To be able to make it happen. Hereinafter, a specific procedure will be described.

  Since the explanation will be long, first outline. 3, 4, and 5 are procedures for frictionally fixing the frustoconical bearing liner 16 to the receiving hole 8. At that time, the step of attaching the baffle plate 20 for preventing the displacement of the winding shaft 2 is a step of removing the baffle plate 20 from FIG. 6 to FIG.

  Preparation for articulation proceeds according to the procedure of FIGS. 7B, 8 and 9. In the stage of FIG. 9, the polygon sleeve 17 is brought into strong contact with the frustoconical bearing liner 16, and the rotation of the polygon sleeve 17 is restricted. The polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b is not allowed to rotate, and eventually the winding shaft 2 is not loosened. The principle of the frictional force generation mechanism (rotation drive and detent operation mechanism 3) for preventing the loosening of winding is most simply shown in FIG. If the self-aligning action is provided as shown in FIG. 5B, that is, if the inner edge of the opening of the support hole of the frustoconical bearing liner 16 and the end face edge of the polygon sleeve 17 are chamfered, it is stable. It is convenient that the frictional force can be exerted and sustained.

  The desired articulation is performed as shown in FIG. That is, after assembling the handle 4 as shown in (a) and then rotating the handle 4 so as to apply a force exceeding the frictional force in the state shown in (b), the desired articulation can be achieved.

  FIG. 12 and subsequent figures are procedures for unwinding the yarn and removing the winding rod. 12, 13, 14, and 15 (a) are processes in which a baffle plate 20 for displacing the winding shaft 2 is attached when the frustoconical bearing liner 16 is released from the receiving hole 8. FIG. 15B and FIG. 16 show the procedure for loosening and removing the frustoconical bearing liner 16 from the receiving hole 8. FIG. 17A shows the winding shaft 2 being removed from the receiving hole 8 while removing the baffle plate 20.

  From here, the attaching / detaching operation of the bobbin articulator will be described in detail for each stage. This is described from the point of preparing to install the spool pin by pushing in or screwing on the mounting parts. As shown in FIG. 1, a collar 19 made of resin, for example, is fitted into the base side journal 2C that is thinner than the winding portion 2A. This is not absolutely necessary, but when the winding part 2A is made of metal, in order to avoid that the winding part side end face of the resin truncated cone bearing liner 16 directly contacts the base side end face. It is suitable for. Therefore, since the collar 19 touches the metal surface, it is treated as a consumable and is replaced when it is noticed that it has been worn out. Following the collar 19, the frustoconical bearing liner 16 is also fitted to the base side journal 2C.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the take-up shaft 2 faces the receiving hole 8, and the front end side journal 2 </ b> B is fitted into the front end side Fukubayashi 15 </ b> A fixed to the receiving hole 8. At the same time, the base side journal 2C, the collar 19 and the frustoconical bearing liner 16 are also inserted into the base side Fukubayashi 15B at the opposing position. Since the diameter of the tip-side journal 2B forming a constant diameter shank is only slightly smaller than the diameter of the small-diameter opening 15a on the opposite side of the decorative edge of the Fukubayashi 15A on the tip side, its support is made by arcuate line contact and rotates. Is applied to the take-up shaft 2, and the friction generated at the tip side journal portion is minimized.

  Since the tip-side journal 2B having a constant diameter always contacts only the edge of the small-diameter opening 15a of the Fukubayashi 15A, the tip-side journal 2B can be wound even if the position of the take-up shaft 2 changes slightly from side to side. Always keep the spindle 2 in the same position. When the yarn is hooked on the winding portion 2A, the winding shaft 2 is urged in the direction of the body (see 36 in FIG. 24), so that the winding shaft 2 is not rattled.

  Since the base side journal 2C, the collar 19 and the frustoconical bearing liner 16 are inserted from the decoration side large diameter opening of the base side Fukubayashi 15B, a truncated cone having a diameter larger than the diameter of the counter decoration edge side small diameter opening is formed. The frustoconical bearing liner 16 remains in the Fukubayashi 15B. However, since the maximum diameter of the take-up portion 2A and the outer diameter of the collar 19 are given smaller than the diameter of the small-diameter opening of the Fukubayashi 15B, the bridge operation of the take-up shaft 2 to both Fukubayashi 15 has no resistance. It can be carried out. Thereafter, the polygonal sleeve 17 is fitted to the polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2 b coming out from the frustoconical bearing liner 16, and the sleeve nut 5 is hung on the screw shaft portion 2 a coming out from the polygon sleeve 17. Then, the back of the sleeve nut 5 is lightly pressed with the finger 21 to secure a gap a between the winding portion 2 </ b> A and the support wall 7.

  The operation of several steps from FIG. 4 is an operation to fix the frustoconical bearing liner 16 in the Fukubayashi 15B by friction without using an adhesive. A baffle plate 20 having a thickness t smaller than that is inserted into the gap a (only the baffle plate is three-dimensionally drawn with t = a). The baffle plate 20 is provided with a notch 20a through which the base side journal 2C is passed but having a width smaller than the maximum diameter portion at the end of the take-up portion, and the force is applied in the direction opposite to that when the take-up shaft 2 is inserted. The baffle plate 20 prevents the take-up shaft 2 from coming off even if it is exerted on the take-up shaft 2. Note that the baffle plate 20 may be inserted between the collar 19 and the branch wall 7 as shown in FIG. In short, it is sufficient that the take-up shaft 2 is not allowed to be pulled out while the baffle plate 20 is attached.

  The sleeve nut 5 is rotated and applied to the polygonal sleeve 17 as shown in FIG. The sleeve nut 5 is further rotated to boost the polygon sleeve 17. Even if the screwing amount of the sleeve nut 5 with respect to the screw shaft portion 2 a is increased, the winding portion 2 A is kept stationary by the baffle plate 20, so that the polygon sleeve 17 is pushed to the left by the rotation of the sleeve nut 5. It is. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the polygonal sleeve 17 pushes the frustoconical bearing liner 16 to the back of the Fukubayashi 15B by the amount indicated by the black arrow Q, and the large frictional force generated by the wedge effect due to the taper of the outer surface. As a result, the frustoconical bearing liner 16 is fastened and fixed to the Fukubayashi 15B.

  Referring to FIG. 6, in (a), the sleeve nut 5 is reversely rotated to provide a gap b between the polygon sleeve 17. As shown in (b), when the sleeve nut 5 is pushed, the entire take-up shaft 2 moves to the left by the gap b. Since the base side journal 2C moves with respect to the frustoconical bearing liner 16, and the polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b can also move with respect to the polygon sleeve 17, the entire winding shaft is easily displaced leftward. The force applied to the baffle plate 20 is released, and the baffle plate is removed as shown in FIG. Although the baffle plate 20 has been used to slightly push the frustoconical bearing liner 16 into the Fukubayashi 15B, a skilled person can remove the frustoconical bearing liner 16 at the time of FIG. It can be gently pushed to a position where it can be fixed to the forest 15B.

  From (b) of FIG. 7, the thread end is tied to the stop hole 14, and the polygon sleeve 17 is slightly wound up by rotation. First, the sleeve nut 5 is pulled, and the winding shaft 2 is moved in the right direction until the winding portion 2A hits the collar 19. The winding shaft 2 enters the receiving hole 8, that is, Fukubayashi 15B by c. Since the tip-side journal 2B has a constant cross-sectional diameter, even if the take-up shaft 2 is displaced, it is assumed that it is conical (for example, the tip shape of the spool pin in the left Fukubayashi 15A in FIG. 17B). The horizontal posture does not collapse or the winding shaft 2 does not rattle due to the changing diameter as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, the yarn is slightly wound by the rotation of the polygon sleeve 17. Note that the front end side journal 2B having a constant cross-sectional diameter does not get caught in the Fukubayashi 15A even if the yarn is shifted toward the narrower side of the winding portion 2A. The polygon sleeve 17 is further rotated to increase the winding amount so that a desired sound is produced. If the collar 19 is made of plastic as shown in FIG. 8B, the metal winding portion 2A can be prevented from coming into direct contact with the plastic frustum-shaped bearing liner 16, and the front and rear end faces of the collar 19 are slippery. It becomes a surface and the rotation of the winding shaft 2 is made smooth.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the polygon sleeve 17 is pushed by the rotation of the sleeve nut 5. The sleeve nut 5 is rotated until a force that prevents unintentional loosening of the yarn due to friction between the frusto-conical bearing liner 16 and the polygonal sleeve 17 is developed. It may be turned by hand or the handle 4 shown in FIG. 11 (a) may be used. As shown in this figure, the socket cylinder part 4c of the polygonal socket 4B is loaded into the vertical hole 4a of the handle body 4A, and is integrated by bonding at the hole wall or the edge part. As shown in FIG. 11 (b), the handle 4 is rotated over the sleeve nut 5 and the polygonal sleeve 17, and the tension of the thread 12 is increased by the winding shaft 2 to adjust the sound to a desired height. The handle 4 is rotated with a force exceeding the frictional force generated between the frustoconical bearing liner 16 and the polygon sleeve 17.

  FIGS. 12 to 17 (a) show operations for loosening a thread and removing a spool pin from Tenjin. First, by reverse rotation of the handle 4 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. As in (b), the handle 4 is further rotated in the reverse direction, the knot is released, and the thread 12 is removed from the retaining hole 14. As shown in FIG. 13A, the handle 4 is pulled and fitted with only the sleeve nut 5. As shown in (b), the handle 4 is reversely rotated again to retract the sleeve nut 5. As shown in FIG. 14A, the backward allowance d of the polygon sleeve 17 is secured on the front surface of the sleeve nut 5. Then, the polygon sleeve 17 is retracted as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, a baffle plate 20 similar to that used in FIG. 4 is inserted into the gap e generated after the polygonal sleeve 17 is retracted. The polygon sleeve 17 is pressed against the baffle plate 20 as shown in FIG. Then, the handle 4 is placed only on the sleeve nut 5. As shown in FIG. 16, the threaded amount of the sleeve nut 5 with respect to the screw shaft portion 2 a is increased and applied to the polygon sleeve 17, the handle 4 is further rotated forward, and the baffle plate 20 prevents the polygon sleeve 17 from going to the left. Then, the winding shaft 2 is moved to the right. The fixing of the truncated cone bearing liner 16 is loosened in the Fukubayashi 15B. As shown in FIG. 17A, the entire winding shaft is removed from the Fukubayashi 15A and 15B while removing the baffle plate 20. As shown in (b), for example, if it is desired to replace the hand-held wooden bobbin stick 1W, this can be done. Of course, the product of the present invention can also be attached to the shamisen where the wooden bobbin has been adopted.

  Incidentally, FIG. 10A shows the simplest surface contact structure of the frictional force generation mechanism for preventing winding looseness. FIG. 10B having the wedge action shown in each of the drawings up to FIG. In the surface contact structure of (), an angle of intersection α is given to the friction generating mechanism portion, which exerts an automatic aligning action and realizes a tightly tightened and easily disengaged fitting. According to the inventor's research, it was found that an intersection angle α of around 90 degrees is preferable. 18 (b) and 18 (c) are external shapes of frustoconical bearing liners 16M and 16N of other examples. These drum-shaped liners are more deformable than (a) which is the liner 16 shown up to FIG. It is easy to adhere to Fukubayashi 15B. (D) represents a deformed state when the liner 16M of (b) is pushed in, and the fixing to the Fukubayashi 15B is improved. When the 16M dot-dash line is faced to Fukubayashi 15, the solid line is the state when pushed.

  FIG. 19 shows a truncated cone bearing liner 16 which is divided into two parts. This is because the frustoconical bearing liner 16 comprises a winding part side half 16A and a handle side half 16B, and the friction resistance coefficient of the handle side half is different from the friction resistance coefficient of the winding part half. Can be used. Also, the friction surface can be increased or decreased. FIG. 19A is an example, and the difference is well understood when compared with the form used in the description up to FIG. 17 shown in FIG. In the two divisions, the liner of (c) is cut as shown in (d) at the position of the alternate long and short dash line 16a and separated as shown in (e). Note that the outer shape of the handle-side half 16B is made smaller as shown in (f), and the contact form as shown in (g) is obtained. If the friction coefficient of the half portion 16B is increased or changed, the rebound prevention characteristic can be changed, and the yarn return prevention force generated between the frustoconical bearing liner 16 and the polygon sleeve 17 can be changed. Can be changed every time. As a result, it is not necessary to prepare a number of bobbin sticks with different generated frictional forces, and only a few handle-side halves 16B of the frustoconical bearing liner 16 are held and replaced. A return prevention torque can be generated.

  FIG. 20 is an example in which the frustoconical bearing liner 16 is obtained from a liner base material 22 having a cross section that changes from a small diameter to a large diameter and having a plurality of groove grooves 22a formed on the surface. This allows the excess portion to be excised so as to match the diameter of the receiving hole 8 to be applied, the thickness of the support wall 7 or the dimensions of the Fukubayashi 15B. This is because the outer diameter of the truncated cone bearing liner 16 to be used may not match the inclined wall surface of Fukubayashi 15B. Accordingly, a truncated cone-shaped bearing liner base material 22 is prepared in which a ring-cutting groove 22a is provided and the length and diameter can be selected. (B) If the liner shown in the upper part is the bearing liner 16 of the size required in Fukubayashi, the position of the groove 22a for cutting off can be obtained if it is cut. And cut off the excess with a cutter. (C) shows the part to be used when the diameter of Fukubayashi 15 is small, (d) shows the case where the diameter of Fukubayashi 15 is medium, and (e) shows the adopted part when the diameter of Fukubayashi 15 is large. A one-dot chain line is a cut piece 23.

  FIG. 21 shows an example in which the truncated cone bearing liner 16 cut out from the base material 22 is applied. FIG. 21A shows a structure of a vertical surface contact friction stopper corresponding to FIG. (B) is a structure when the inclined surface contact friction stopper and the frictional resistance coefficient are appropriately selected by introducing the concept of FIG. 10 (b) and the above-described FIG. 19 (a). The frictional resistance can be changed even if the materials of the winding-side half 16A and the handle-side half 16B are different, and if the crossing angle α is given to the steering-side half 16B, it is strong and easy to disengage. Needless to say, it is a fitting.

  FIG. 22 shows a winding shaft 2 by combining an integrated product 2M of the winding portion 2A and the tip side journal 2B, and a separate product 2N of the base side journal 2C, the polygonal cross-section shaft portion 2b and the screw shaft portion 2a. This is an example of forming. This is because the shank 24 is integrally formed on the winding side of the base side journal 2C as shown in the lower part of (b), and this shank is taken up by the winding part 2A (the tip side journal in the example shown in the figure). 2B (including 2B) and are joined so as not to rotate relative to each other via, for example, a serrated surface 24a of the shank 24. (A) shows an example in which (c) is applied to the same structure as described up to FIG. 17, but a core material 25 as a separate product 2N passes through the winding shaft 2. In this way, while the core member 25 is made of metal, the appearance can be improved by making the winding portion 2A made of ivory.

  FIG. 22C is a longitudinal sectional view of the winding shaft 2 in which the core member 25 is incorporated. More specifically, a flange 26 is integrated in this. If this flange is not provided, it is caused by the rotation of the sleeve nut 5 during the operation of fixing the truncated cone bearing liner 16 corresponding to FIG. 9 to the Fukubayashi 15B and the sound adjustment operation shown in FIG. The core material 25 is drawn toward the sleeve nut side, and exhibits a behavior such that the core material 25 comes out of the winding portion 2A. If this flange 26 is provided, in both the case of FIG. 9 and the case of FIG. 11B, the flange 26 comes into contact with the frustoconical bearing liner 16 in a fixed state via the collar 19, and the core member 25. Is not displaced even if it rotates, and each predetermined operation is realized. Since the appearance of the flange 26 may be impaired, the flange 26 is always stored in the recess 2c at the end of the winding part 2A. Further, if the length of the serrated shank 24 is set so as not to be seen from the front end journal 2B, the appearance will not deteriorate.

  The above has been described using the shamisen as an example. FIG. 23 is an example applied to three lines. Sanshin is short and small, so there is no space to attach Fukubayashi where the decorative edges may interfere. Further, since the receiving holes 8C and 8B are reduced and opened in the same direction, it is impossible to realize the support of the arcuate line contact described in FIG. Therefore, for example, a receiving hole liner 27 for the front end side journal 2B is employed. If the inner surface of this liner is a cylindrical hole with a constant radius, it will be a surface contact with little backlash, and if it can be a conical inner surface with a slope opposite to that of the receiving hole (see the liner 27A indicated in the circle on the lower left broken line). In addition, the arcuate line contact with less play is possible.

  In any case, the operation in the case of the sanshin is essentially the same as the description in the shamisen from FIG. 3 to FIG. 17 (a). The application of the configuration of Patent Document 1 described in the Background Art section is substantially impossible in the three-wire in which the outside diameter of the branch wall is smaller than the inside by the receiving hole on the distal end side whose opening diameter is smaller than the base side. However, it can be seen from FIG. 23 that the bobbin articulation device according to the present invention can be applied even when the sizes of the inner and outer openings of the receiving hole in the support wall are reversed. In the middle-stage bobbin winding rod, the shape of the winding portion 2A is changed to a straight shape. Therefore, it can be seen that it is not essential that the winding portion is tapered. Incidentally, the first thread, the second thread, and the third thread in FIG. 2 are referred to as a female string, a middle string, and a male string in FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Thread winding device (winding rod), 2 ... Winding shaft, 2A ... Winding part, 2B ... Tip side journal, 2C ... Base side journal, 2D ... Rotation transmission mechanism, 2a ... Screw shaft part of winding shaft, 2b ... Polygonal cross section shaft, 3 ... Rotation drive / detent operation mechanism, 4 ... Handle, 4B ... Polygon socket, 5 ... Sleeve nut, 5a ... Screw hole of sleeve nut, 6 ... Yokura, 7 ... Branch wall 8, 8B, 8C ... receiving hole, 9 ... scissors, 11, 12, 13 ... thread (one thread, second thread, third thread), 16, 16M, 16N ... frustoconical bearing liner, 16A ... winding Take-side half, 16B ... handle-side half, 17 ... polygon sleeve.

Claims (2)

In a bobbin winding device that is supported by the receiving holes of the left and right branch walls that form the stringhouse of stringed instruments such as the shamisen, sanshin, and kouyumi, and adjusts the tension of the thread stretched along the heel
The bobbin winding device acts on a winding shaft for winding the yarn, a rotation driving / detent operating mechanism for rotating the winding shaft and preventing rewinding of the winding shaft, and the rotational driving / detent operating mechanism. A handle for adjusting the sound by giving a torque exceeding the unwinding prevention torque,
The winding shaft has a winding portion, a tip-side journal having a constant diameter and a base-side journal that supports the winding portion with the receiving hole, and a rotation transmission mechanism that transmits rotation to the winding portion.
The rotation transmission mechanism has a polygonal cross-section shaft portion formed continuously with the base side journal, a screw shaft portion continuous with the polygon cross-section shaft portion and having a smaller diameter,
The rotation drive and detent operation mechanism includes a frustoconical bearing liner that is fitted to the base side journal and has a conical surface fitted and fixed to the receiving hole, and does not rotate relative to the polygonal cross-section shaft portion. A polygonal sleeve that is slidably fitted externally, and has a sleeve nut that is screwed onto the screw shaft and has the same outer shape as the polygonal sleeve,
The handle has a polygon socket that can be slidably fitted to the polygon sleeve and a sleeve nut to transmit torque.
The degree to which the winding shaft is not loosened by bringing the end of the polygonal sleeve pressed by the screwing of the sleeve nut into close contact with the end of the frustoconical bearing liner fitted and fixed in the receiving hole. A pincushioning device characterized in that a frictional force having a size of 2 mm can be generated between a polygon sleeve and a frustoconical bearing liner.   The frustoconical bearing liner is composed of a winding portion side half and a handle side half, and the friction resistance coefficient of the handle side half is different from the friction resistance coefficient of the winding portion side half. A pincushion articulator.