JP2010070800A - Hot press molding method, molded product, and component for automobile - Google Patents
Hot press molding method, molded product, and component for automobile Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、ホットプレス成型方法、成型品および自動車用部品に関するものであり、特に、自動車用部品を形成する方法として好適に用いられるホットプレス成型方法と、そのホットプレス成型方法により製造された成型品および自動車用部品に関する。 The present invention relates to a hot press molding method, a molded article, and an automotive part, and in particular, a hot press molding method suitably used as a method of forming an automotive part, and a molding manufactured by the hot press molding method. Products and automotive parts.
近年、自動車の燃料の消費を抑制するために、車体の軽量化が強く求められている。自動車の車体を軽量化する方法として、自動車用部品などに用いられる材料の機械強度を向上させる方法がある。しかし、自動車用部品に用いられる材料は、強度を高めると加工性や成形性が低下する傾向がある。
この問題を解決する方法の一つとして、鋼板を８００℃以上の高温に加熱した状態でプレス成型するホットプレス成型法がある。ホットプレス成型法に用いられる鋼板としては、Ａｌ系の金属からなるめっき層の形成された熱成形用鋼板が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
In recent years, there has been a strong demand for weight reduction of the vehicle body in order to suppress fuel consumption of automobiles. As a method for reducing the weight of an automobile body, there is a method for improving the mechanical strength of a material used for automobile parts. However, materials used for automotive parts tend to have low workability and moldability when the strength is increased.
As one method for solving this problem, there is a hot press molding method in which a steel sheet is press molded in a state of being heated to a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher. As a steel plate used for the hot press forming method, a steel plate for thermoforming in which a plating layer made of an Al-based metal is formed has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の加熱成形用鋼板では、目的とする強度は得られるものの、ホットプレス成型を行うための昇温中にめっき層が溶融し、めっき層が片寄って寄りが生じる場合があった。めっき層の寄りが生じると、成形品の外観を損ねるという問題や、成形品のめっき層の厚みが局所的に薄くなり耐食性が低下するという問題が生じる。 However, in the steel sheet for heat forming described in Patent Document 1, although the intended strength is obtained, the plating layer is melted during the temperature rise for hot press molding, and the plating layer may be offset and be shifted. there were. When the plating layer is shifted, there arises a problem that the appearance of the molded product is impaired, and a problem that the thickness of the plating layer of the molded product is locally reduced and the corrosion resistance is lowered.
この問題を解決するために、めっきした鋼板を、該めっきに使用した金属の融点以上に加熱して成形加工する加熱成形用鋼板の加熱方法において、成型加工の前に金属の融点より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域で、前記めっきした鋼板を５秒以上予備加熱する加熱成形用鋼板の加熱方法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。
しかしながら、特許文献２に記載の技術では、めっきに使用した金属の融点より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域で、めっきした鋼板を５秒以上予備加熱しなければならないため、ホットプレス成型時の加熱時間が長くなり、ホットプレス成型における生産性が不十分であった。 However, in the technique described in Patent Document 2, the plated steel sheet must be preheated for 5 seconds or more in a temperature range from a predetermined temperature 200 ° C. lower than the melting point of the metal used for plating to immediately below the melting point of the metal. The heating time at the time of hot press molding became long, and the productivity in hot press molding was insufficient.
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、ホットプレス成型に起因するめっき層の寄りを十分に防止することができ、しかも、ホットプレス成型を効率よく行うことができ、優れた生産性が得られるホットプレス成型方法を提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明は、本発明のホットプレス成型方法によって製造された、めっき層の厚みが均一で、外観および耐食性に優れた成型品および自動車用部品を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, can sufficiently prevent the shift of the plating layer due to hot press molding, and can perform hot press molding efficiently, and has excellent production. It aims at providing the hot press molding method from which property is acquired.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a molded product and an automotive part, which are produced by the hot press molding method of the present invention, with a uniform plating layer thickness and excellent in appearance and corrosion resistance.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決し、生産性を向上させるために、ホットプレス成型されるめっき鋼板を、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により高速加熱する技術に着目し、以下に示すように、鋭意研究を重ねた。すなわち、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式を用いてめっき鋼板を加熱する場合、めっき鋼板の加熱速度を速くするために、めっき鋼板に直接大電流を印加する必要がある。しかしながら、めっき鋼板に直接大電流を印加すると、めっき層が溶融されてなる溶融めっき金属に対して、電流によって生じる磁場と電流とによるフレミング左手の法則に従う引力が強く働く。この引力によって溶融めっき金属が移動（ピンチ効果）して、めっき層の厚みにバラツキが生じ、この状態で溶融めっき金属が凝固することによって、めっき層の寄りが生じるという問題があった。このようなめっき層の寄りによって、めっき層に０．０２ｍｍを超える高さの凸部が生じると、自動車用部品として使用する場合に支障を来たす恐れがある。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve productivity, the present inventors pay attention to a technique for heating a hot-press-molded plated steel sheet at a high speed by an electric heating method or an induction heating method, as shown below. , Earnest research. That is, when a plated steel sheet is heated using an electric heating method or an induction heating method, it is necessary to apply a large current directly to the plated steel sheet in order to increase the heating rate of the plated steel sheet. However, when a large current is directly applied to the plated steel sheet, the attractive force according to the Fleming left-hand rule due to the magnetic field generated by the current and the current acts strongly on the hot-plated metal obtained by melting the plating layer. Due to this attractive force, the molten plating metal moves (pinch effect), resulting in variations in the thickness of the plating layer, and the molten plating metal solidifies in this state, thereby causing a problem in that the plating layer is shifted. If a convex portion having a height exceeding 0.02 mm is generated in the plating layer due to such a shift of the plating layer, there is a risk of hindering the use as an automotive part.
そこで、本発明者らは、めっき層が溶融されてなる溶融めっき金属に対して働く、上記のフレミング左手の法則に従う引力の大きさと、Ａｌを含むめっき層の厚みと、ホットプレス成型される際に通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式によりめっき鋼板に印加する電流密度との関係に着目して鋭意研究を重ねた。
その結果、めっき層の厚み寸法が大きい場合には、めっき鋼板に印加された電流のうち、めっき層内を流れる電流の量が多くなるので、電流密度を小さくして電流によって生じる磁場を小さくし、上記のフレミング左手の法則に従う引力が大きくならないようにすればよいことを見出した。反対に、めっき層の厚み寸法が小さい場合には、めっき鋼板に印加された電流のうち、めっき層内を流れる電流の量が少なくなるので、電流によって生じる磁場が小さくなり、電流密度を大きくしても、上記のフレミング左手の法則に従う引力が大きくなりにくいことを見出した。すなわち、めっき層の厚み寸法を十分に小さくした場合には、生産性を向上させるために電流密度を大きくして高速加熱を行っても、めっき層の寄りを十分に防止できることを見出した。
このように本発明者らは、めっき層の厚み寸法と上記の電流密度とを制御して、上記のフレミング左手の法則に従う引力を小さくすることができることを見出し、本発明のホットプレス成型方法、成型品および自動車用部品を想到した。本発明の要旨は以下のとおりである。
Therefore, the present inventors work on the hot-plated metal obtained by melting the plated layer, the magnitude of the attractive force according to the above-mentioned Fleming left-hand rule, the thickness of the plated layer containing Al, and the hot press molding. In addition, intensive research was conducted focusing on the relationship with the current density applied to the plated steel sheet by the electric heating method or the induction heating method.
As a result, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer is large, the amount of current flowing in the plating layer among the current applied to the plated steel sheet increases, so the current density is reduced to reduce the magnetic field generated by the current. The present inventors have found that the attractive force according to the above Fleming left-hand rule should not be increased. On the other hand, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer is small, the amount of current flowing in the plating layer out of the current applied to the plated steel sheet decreases, so the magnetic field generated by the current decreases and the current density increases. However, it was found that the attractive force according to Fleming's left-hand rule is not easily increased. That is, when the thickness dimension of a plating layer was made small enough, even if it increased current density and performed high-speed heating in order to improve productivity, it turned out that the shift | offset | difference of a plating layer can fully be prevented.
In this way, the inventors have found that the thickness dimension of the plating layer and the current density can be controlled to reduce the attractive force according to the Fleming left-hand rule, and the hot press molding method of the present invention, I came up with molded products and automotive parts. The gist of the present invention is as follows.
（１） ３〜１５質量％のＳｉを含み、残部がＡｌと不可避的不純物とからなるめっき層が表面に形成されためっき鋼板をホットプレス成型するためのホットプレス成型方法であって、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により、前記めっき鋼板に下記式（１）（ただし、式（１）中におけるｔはめっき層の厚み寸法（μｍ）を示し、Ｉは電流密度（Ａ／ｍｍ２）を示す。）を満たす電流密度で電流を印加して、前記めっき鋼板をオーステナイト領域以上の温度まで加熱し、プレス加工成形することを特徴とするホットプレス成型方法。
Ｉ≦（２３−ｔ）／０．０７１８ ・・・ （１）
（２） 前記めっき層の厚みが、２２μｍ以下であることを特徴とする（１）に記載のホットプレス成型方法。
(1) A hot press molding method for hot press molding a plated steel sheet on the surface of which a plating layer containing 3 to 15% by mass of Si and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities is formed. By the method or the induction heating method, the following formula (1) (where t in the formula (1) indicates the thickness dimension (μm) of the plating layer and I indicates the current density (A / mm 2 ). A hot press molding method, wherein current is applied at a current density satisfying.), The plated steel sheet is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the austenite region, and press working is performed.
I ≦ (23−t) /0.0718 (1)
(2) The hot press molding method according to (1), wherein the plating layer has a thickness of 22 μm or less.
（３） （１）または（２）記載のホットプレス成型方法により製造されたことを特徴とする成型品。
（４） （１）または（２）記載のホットプレス成型方法により製造されたことを特徴とする自動車用部品。
(3) A molded product produced by the hot press molding method according to (1) or (2).
(4) An automotive part manufactured by the hot press molding method according to (1) or (2).
本発明のホットプレス成型方法によれば、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により、めっき鋼板に上記式（１）を満たす電流密度で電流を印加して前記めっき鋼板をオーステナイト領域以上の温度まで加熱し、プレス加工成形するので、ホットプレス成型する際にめっき鋼板に印加される電流密度が、めっき層の厚み寸法に応じて、めっき層の寄りを十分に防止できる範囲内とされる。 According to the hot press molding method of the present invention, an electric current is applied to the plated steel sheet at a current density satisfying the above formula (1) by an electric heating method or an induction heating method to heat the plated steel plate to a temperature above the austenite region. Since the press working is performed, the current density applied to the plated steel sheet during hot press molding is set within a range in which the shift of the plated layer can be sufficiently prevented according to the thickness dimension of the plated layer.
したがって、本発明のホットプレス成型方法において、例えば、めっき層の厚み寸法を十分に小さくした場合には、生産性を向上させるために電流密度を大きくして高速加熱を行っても、めっき層が溶融されてなる溶融めっき金属に対して働く上記のフレミング左手の法則に従う引力が大きくなりにくく、めっき層の寄りを十分に防止できる。 Therefore, in the hot press molding method of the present invention, for example, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer is sufficiently reduced, the plating layer is not formed even if the current density is increased and high-speed heating is performed in order to improve productivity. The attractive force according to the above-mentioned Fleming left-hand rule acting on the molten plated metal that has been melted is unlikely to increase, and the plating layer can be sufficiently prevented from shifting.
このように、本発明のホットプレス成型方法においては、めっき層の厚み寸法を十分に小さくした場合には、電流密度を大きくして高速加熱を行うことができ、例えば、めっきに使用した金属の融点より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域で、前記めっきした鋼板を５秒以上加熱する従来の場合と比較して、ホットプレス成型する前の昇温時間を短時間とすることができ、ホットプレス成型を効率よく行うことができ、優れた生産性が得られる。 Thus, in the hot press molding method of the present invention, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer is made sufficiently small, the current density can be increased and high-speed heating can be performed. For example, the metal used for plating Compared to the conventional case where the plated steel sheet is heated for 5 seconds or more in a temperature range from a predetermined temperature 200 ° C. lower than the melting point to just below the melting point of the metal, the heating time before hot press molding is shortened. Therefore, hot press molding can be performed efficiently, and excellent productivity can be obtained.
また、本発明のホットプレス成型方法において、めっき層の厚み寸法を十分に小さくした場合には、ホットプレス成型を行うための昇温中に、めっき鋼板の鋼板成分がＡｌを含むめっき層の表面に速やかに拡散するので、めっき層の構成成分と鋼板成分とが速やかに合金化されて、めっき層の寄りを抑制する高融点合金が生成される。このため、本発明のホットプレス成型方法によれば、電流密度を大きくして高速加熱を行った場合におけるめっき層の寄りが、効果的に防止される。 Further, in the hot press molding method of the present invention, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer is sufficiently reduced, the surface of the plating layer containing the Al as the steel plate component of the plated steel plate during the temperature rise for hot press molding is performed. Therefore, the constituent components of the plating layer and the steel plate components are rapidly alloyed to produce a high melting point alloy that suppresses the deviation of the plating layer. For this reason, according to the hot press molding method of the present invention, the shift of the plating layer when the current density is increased and high-speed heating is performed is effectively prevented.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本実施形態のホットプレス成型方法は、表面にＡｌを含むめっき層の形成されためっき鋼板をホットプレス成型するためのホットプレス成型方法である。本実施形態においては、ホットプレス成型方法により製造された成型品の一例として、自動車用部品を製造する場合を例に挙げて説明する。
ホットプレス成型される鋼板の表面に、Ａｌを含むめっき層を形成するには、例えば、所定のめっき浴に鋼板を浸漬する方法などを用いることができる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The hot press molding method of this embodiment is a hot press molding method for hot press molding a plated steel sheet having a plated layer containing Al on the surface. In the present embodiment, as an example of a molded product manufactured by a hot press molding method, a case of manufacturing an automotive part will be described as an example.
In order to form a plating layer containing Al on the surface of a hot-pressed steel plate, for example, a method of immersing the steel plate in a predetermined plating bath can be used.
本実施形態において用いられる鋼板としては、例えば、質量％で、０．１５％＜Ｃ＜０．５％、０．１％＜Ｓｉ＜０．５％、０．５％＜Ｍｎ＜３％、Ｐ＜０．１％、Ｓ＜０．０５％、Ａｌ＜０．１％、Ｎ＜０．０２％、Ｔｉ＜０．２％、０．０００５％＜Ｂ＜０．０８％、０．０１％＜Ｃｒ＜１％の成分を有し、残部がＦｅと不可避的不純物で構成されている厚み１〜２ｍｍ程度のものなどが挙げられる。 As the steel sheet used in the present embodiment, for example, 0.15% <C <0.5%, 0.1% <Si <0.5%, 0.5% <Mn <3%, P <0.1%, S <0.05%, Al <0.1%, N <0.02%, Ti <0.2%, 0.0005% <B <0.08%, 0.01 Examples include a component having a component of% <Cr <1% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities being about 1 to 2 mm in thickness.
ここで形成されるめっき層は、耐熱性および耐酸化性に優れたＡｌを含む金属からなるものであり、３〜１５質量％のＳｉを含み、残部がＡｌと不可避的不純物とからなるものである。 The plated layer formed here is made of a metal containing Al having excellent heat resistance and oxidation resistance, contains 3 to 15% by mass of Si, and the balance is made of Al and inevitable impurities. is there.
本実施形態においては、Ａｌを含むめっき層を形成する工程において、前記めっき層の厚み寸法が、２μｍ〜２２μｍの範囲であることが好ましく、５μｍ〜２０μｍの範囲であることがより好ましい。
めっき層の厚み寸法が２μｍ未満であると、鋼板の表面にめっき層を形成することによる効果が十分に得られず、ホットプレス成型する工程において鋼板の表面に酸化物が発生してしまう恐れや、ホットプレス成型後に得られた自動車用部品の耐久性が不十分となる恐れがある。
In the present embodiment, in the step of forming the plating layer containing Al, the thickness dimension of the plating layer is preferably in the range of 2 μm to 22 μm, and more preferably in the range of 5 μm to 20 μm.
If the thickness dimension of the plating layer is less than 2 μm, the effect of forming the plating layer on the surface of the steel sheet cannot be sufficiently obtained, and oxides may be generated on the surface of the steel sheet in the hot press molding process. The durability of automotive parts obtained after hot press molding may be insufficient.
また、めっき層の厚み寸法が２２μｍを超えると、ホットプレス成型される際にめっき鋼板に印加される電流密度を小さくしても、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式によりめっき鋼板を加熱してホットプレス成型する工程において、めっき層内を流れる電流の量が多くなり、上記のフレミング左手の法則に従う引力が大きくなり、めっき層が溶融されてなる溶融めっき金属が移動してめっき層の寄りが生じる場合がある。また、めっき層の厚み寸法が２２μｍを超えると、めっき層の寄りを防止するために、ホットプレス成型される際にめっき鋼板に印加される電流密度を十分に小さくしなければならなくなり、ホットプレス成型する工程における加熱時間が長くなり、ホットプレス成型を効率よく行うことができない場合がある。 Moreover, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer exceeds 22 μm, even if the current density applied to the plated steel sheet is reduced during hot press forming, the plated steel sheet is heated by an electric heating method or induction heating method to perform hot pressing. In the molding process, when the amount of current flowing in the plating layer increases, the attractive force according to the Fleming's left-hand rule increases, and the molten plating metal resulting from the melting of the plating layer moves to cause a deviation of the plating layer There is. If the thickness dimension of the plating layer exceeds 22 μm, the current density applied to the plated steel sheet during hot press molding must be sufficiently reduced in order to prevent the deviation of the plating layer. In some cases, the heating time in the molding process becomes long and hot press molding cannot be performed efficiently.
次に、このようにして得られためっき鋼板を、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により加熱してホットプレス成型することにより、自動車用部品を製造する。
本実施形態においては、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により、めっき鋼板に下記式（１）（ただし、式（１）中におけるｔはめっき層の厚み寸法（μｍ）を示し、Ｉは電流密度（Ａ／ｍｍ２）を示す。）を満たす電流密度で電流を印加してめっき鋼板を加熱し、所定の圧力でプレス加工成形する。
Ｉ≦（２３−ｔ）／０．０７１８ ・・・ （１）
なお、誘導加熱方式を用いてめっき鋼板を加熱する場合、めっき鋼板の表と裏とでは逆方向に電流が流れるため、めっき鋼板の断面に大きな電流密度分布が生じる。本発明において、誘導加熱方式を用いた場合の上記式（１）中における電流密度Ｉとは、加熱されるめっき鋼板の全断面の平均電流密度を意味する。
Next, the plated steel sheet thus obtained is heated by an electric heating system or an induction heating system and hot press molded to produce an automotive part.
In the present embodiment, the following formula (1) (where t in the formula (1) indicates the thickness dimension (μm) of the plated layer, and I is the current density ( A / mm 2 ) is applied, a current is applied at a current density satisfying the above), the plated steel sheet is heated, and is press-formed at a predetermined pressure.
I ≦ (23−t) /0.0718 (1)
In addition, when heating a plated steel plate using an induction heating system, since a current flows in the reverse direction between the front and back of the plated steel plate, a large current density distribution is generated in the cross section of the plated steel plate. In the present invention, the current density I in the above formula (1) when the induction heating method is used means the average current density of the entire cross section of the plated steel sheet to be heated.
本実施形態のホットプレス成型において、めっき鋼板は、オーステナイト領域以上の温度まで加熱される。具体的には、めっき鋼板を加熱する温度は、例えば８００℃〜１０００℃程度とされる。
また、ホットプレス成型を行うための昇温中における昇温速度は、電流密度によって決定され、５℃／ｓ〜４００℃／ｓの範囲とすることが好ましく、１０℃／ｓ〜１００℃／ｓの範囲とすることがより好ましい。
In the hot press molding of the present embodiment, the plated steel sheet is heated to a temperature above the austenite region. Specifically, the temperature which heats a plated steel plate shall be about 800 to 1000 degreeC, for example.
Further, the rate of temperature increase during temperature increase for performing hot press molding is determined by the current density, and is preferably in the range of 5 ° C./s to 400 ° C./s, 10 ° C./s to 100 ° C./s. It is more preferable to set the range.
本実施形態のホットプレス成型方法によれば、通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により、めっき鋼板に上記式（１）を満たす電流密度で電流を印加して前記めっき鋼板をオーステナイト領域以上の温度まで加熱し、プレス加工成形するので、ホットプレス成型する際にめっき鋼板に印加される電流密度が、めっき層の厚み寸法に応じて、めっき層の寄りを十分に防止できる範囲内とされ、めっき層の寄りを十分に防止できる。
さらに、本実施形態のホットプレス成型方法において、例えば、めっき層の厚み寸法を十分に小さくした場合には、生産性を向上させるために電流密度を大きくして高速加熱を行っても、めっき層の寄りを十分に防止できる。よって、ホットプレス成型する前の昇温時間を短時間とすることができ、ホットプレス成型する工程における加熱時間を短時間とすることができ、優れた生産性が得られる。
According to the hot press molding method of the present embodiment, a current is applied to the plated steel sheet at a current density satisfying the above formula (1) by an electric heating method or an induction heating method, and the plated steel sheet is heated to a temperature above the austenite region. However, since the press working is performed, the current density applied to the plated steel sheet during hot press molding is set within a range in which the deviation of the plating layer can be sufficiently prevented according to the thickness dimension of the plating layer. We can prevent shift enough.
Furthermore, in the hot press molding method of the present embodiment, for example, when the thickness dimension of the plating layer is sufficiently reduced, the plating layer can be applied even if high-speed heating is performed by increasing the current density in order to improve productivity. Can be sufficiently prevented. Therefore, the temperature raising time before hot press molding can be shortened, the heating time in the hot press molding step can be shortened, and excellent productivity can be obtained.
なお、本発明は、めっき層が３〜１５質量％のＳｉを含み、残部がＡｌと不可避的不純物とからなるものである場合に、めっき層の寄りを防止できる発明であるが、めっき層がＳｉ含有量３〜１５質量％以外のＡｌや、ＺｎやＭｇなどとＡｌとの合金、ＺｎやＳｎなどＡｌ以外の金属を主成分とする合金からなるものである場合にも、ピンチ効果によるめっき層の寄りが生じる。めっき層が上記の材料で形成されている場合においても、めっき層が３〜１５質量％のＳｉを含み、残部がＡｌと不可避的不純物とからなるものである場合と同様に、めっき層の厚み寸法に応じて、めっき層の寄りが生じない電流密度が存在する。ただし、本発明とめっき層の材料が異なるので、めっき層を形成している金属の融点、表面張力、粘度、めっき層を形成している金属の鋼板に対する拡散速度などによって、寄りの生じないめっき層の厚みと電流密度との関係が異なるのは当然である。 In addition, this invention is invention which can prevent the shift | offset | difference of a plating layer, when a plating layer contains 3-15 mass% Si, and the remainder consists of Al and an unavoidable impurity, Plating by the pinch effect even when it is made of Al other than Si content of 3 to 15% by mass, an alloy of Zn and Mg, etc. and Al, or an alloy mainly containing a metal other than Al, such as Zn or Sn. A layer shift occurs. Even when the plating layer is formed of the above-described material, the thickness of the plating layer is the same as when the plating layer contains 3 to 15% by mass of Si and the balance is made of Al and inevitable impurities. Depending on the dimensions, there is a current density at which the plating layer does not shift. However, since the material of the plating layer is different from that of the present invention, plating that does not cause a deviation due to the melting point, surface tension, viscosity of the metal forming the plating layer, the diffusion rate of the metal forming the plating layer, etc. Of course, the relationship between layer thickness and current density is different.
また、本実施形態の自動車用部品は、本実施形態のホットプレス成型方法により製造されたものであり、ホットプレス成型に起因するめっき層の寄りが抑制され、めっき層の厚みが均一なものとなるので、外観および耐食性に優れたものとなる。 In addition, the automotive part of the present embodiment is manufactured by the hot press molding method of the present embodiment, the shift of the plating layer due to the hot press molding is suppressed, and the thickness of the plating layer is uniform. Therefore, the appearance and the corrosion resistance are excellent.
（実験例１〜実験例１３）
質量％で、Ｃ：０．２２％、Ｓｉ：０．２０％、Ｍｎ：１．２０％、Ｐ：０．０１５％、Ｓ：０．００３％、Ａｌ：０．０３％、Ｎ：０．００４％、Ｔｉ：０．０２％、Ｂ：０．００２５％、Ｃｒ：０．２２％の成分を含み、残部がＦｅと不可避的不純物で構成されている表１に示す板厚１．０〜１．４ｍｍ、板幅８０ｍｍまたは１５０ｍｍ、板長さ２８０ｍｍまたは４００ｍｍの実験例１〜実験例１３の鋼板を用意した。そして、実験例１〜実験例１３の鋼板を所定のめっき浴に浸漬して、表面にＳｉを１０質量％含むＡｌからなるめっき層を形成し、実験例１〜実験例１３のめっき鋼板を得た。表１に、実験例１〜実験例１３のめっき鋼板のめっき付着量およびめっき層の厚みを示す。
(Experiment 1 to Experiment 13)
By mass%, C: 0.22%, Si: 0.20%, Mn: 1.20%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.003%, Al: 0.03%, N: 0.00. 004%, Ti: 0.02%, B: 0.0025%, Cr: 0.22% of the component, the balance is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the thickness of 1.0 ~ shown in Table 1 Steel plates of Experimental Examples 1 to 13 having 1.4 mm, a plate width of 80 mm or 150 mm, and a plate length of 280 mm or 400 mm were prepared. And the steel plate of Experimental example 1-Experimental example 13 is immersed in a predetermined plating bath, the plating layer which consists of Al containing 10 mass% of Si on the surface is formed, and the plated steel plate of Experimental example 1-Experimental example 13 is obtained. It was. Table 1 shows the plating adhesion amount and the thickness of the plating layer of the plated steel sheets of Experimental Examples 1 to 13.
次に、表１に示す電流密度で実験例１〜実験例１３のめっき鋼板に直接電流を印加し、通電加熱方式により表１に示す昇温速度で９５０℃に加熱して、所定の圧力でプレス加工成形加工し、実験例１〜実験例１３の成型品を得た。
このようにして得られた実験例１〜実験例１３の成型品について、めっき層の寄りの有無を調べた。なお、めっき層の寄りは、寄りによって生じた凸部の高さが０．０２ｍｍ以下である場合を「寄りなし」とし、０．０２ｍｍを超える場合を「寄りあり」とした。その結果を表１に示す。
Next, a current was directly applied to the plated steel sheets of Experimental Examples 1 to 13 at the current density shown in Table 1, and heated to 950 ° C. at a temperature increase rate shown in Table 1 by an energization heating method, at a predetermined pressure. The molded product of Experimental Example 1 to Experimental Example 13 was obtained by press working.
The molded products of Experimental Examples 1 to 13 thus obtained were examined for the presence or absence of a plating layer. In addition, as for the deviation of the plating layer, the case where the height of the convex portion generated by the deviation was 0.02 mm or less was defined as “no deviation”, and the case where the height exceeded 0.02 mm was designated as “deviation”. The results are shown in Table 1.
また、実験例１〜実験例１３の成型品について、ホットプレス成型した際にめっき鋼板に印加した電流密度が、下記式（１）（ただし、式（１）中におけるｔはめっき層の厚み寸法（μｍ）を示し、Ｉは電流密度（Ａ／ｍｍ２）を示す。）を満たしていた否かを算出した。その結果を表１に示す。
Ｉ≦（２３−ｔ）／０．０７１８ ・・・ （１）
Moreover, about the molded article of Experimental example 1-Experimental example 13, the current density applied to the plated steel plate when hot press molding is the following formula (1) (where t in formula (1) is the thickness dimension of the plating layer) (Μm), and I represents current density (A / mm 2 )). The results are shown in Table 1.
I ≦ (23−t) /0.0718 (1)
また、実験例１〜実験例１３において、ホットプレス成型される際にめっき鋼板に印加された電流密度と、めっき層の厚み寸法との関係を、図１に示した。なお、図１に記載されている直線は、下記式（２）（ただし、式（２）中におけるｔはめっき層の厚み寸法（μｍ）を示し、Ｉは電流密度（Ａ／ｍｍ２）を示す。）で示される直線である。また、図１において、下記式（２）で示される直線以下の範囲に示された○で示す実験例の点は「寄りなし」であり、本発明の実施例である。また、下記式（２）で示される直線を超える範囲に示された×で示す実験例の点は「寄りあり」であり、本発明の比較例である。
Ｉ＝（２３−ｔ）／０．０７１８ ・・・ （２）
Further, in Experimental Examples 1 to 13, the relationship between the current density applied to the plated steel sheet during hot press molding and the thickness dimension of the plating layer is shown in FIG. In addition, the straight line described in FIG. 1 is the following formula (2) (where t in the formula (2) indicates the thickness dimension (μm) of the plating layer, and I indicates the current density (A / mm 2 ). It is a straight line indicated by. Moreover, in FIG. 1, the point of the experiment example shown by (circle) shown in the range below the straight line shown by following formula (2) is "no deviation", and is an Example of this invention. Moreover, the point of the experimental example shown by x shown in the range exceeding the straight line represented by the following formula (2) is “close” and is a comparative example of the present invention.
I = (23−t) /0.0718 (2)
表１および図１に示されるように、ホットプレス成型した際にめっき鋼板に印加した電流密度が、上記式（１）を満たしていた実験例１、３、５、６、９〜１１（図１において上記式（２）で示される直線以下の範囲の実験例）では、めっき層の寄りがなかった。これに対し、電流密度が、上記式（１）を満たしていない実験例２、４、７、８、１２、１３（図１において上記式（２）で示される直線を超える実験例）では、めっき層の寄りが生じた。
以上のことから、めっき層の寄りを防止し、生産性を向上させるためには、電流密度が上記式（１）を満たすことが必要であると考えられる。
As shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1, Experimental Examples 1, 3, 5, 6, 9 to 11 (FIG. 1) in which the current density applied to the plated steel sheet during hot press forming satisfied the above formula (1). In the experimental example 1 in the range below the straight line represented by the above formula (2) in FIG. On the other hand, in Experimental Examples 2, 4, 7, 8, 12, and 13 (experimental examples exceeding the straight line represented by the above formula (2) in FIG. 1), the current density does not satisfy the above formula (1). Deviation of the plating layer occurred.
From the above, it is considered that the current density needs to satisfy the above formula (1) in order to prevent the shift of the plating layer and improve the productivity.
次に、本発明のホットプレス成型方法を用いた実施例の成型品と、めっきに使用した金属の融点より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域で、めっきした鋼板を５秒以上加熱した比較例の成型品とを、以下に示すように製造した。 Next, the molded product of the example using the hot press molding method of the present invention, and a plated steel plate in a temperature range from a predetermined temperature 200 ° C. lower than the melting point of the metal used for plating to just below the melting point of the metal for 5 seconds. A comparative molded product heated as described above was produced as shown below.
（実施例）
実験例１と同様の鋼板を９枚用意し、所定のめっき浴に浸漬して、それぞれの表面に８μｍ〜２４μｍの範囲で２μｍずつ厚みを異ならせたＳｉを１０質量％含むＡｌからなるめっき層を形成し、９枚のめっき鋼板を得た。その後、このようにして得られた９枚のめっき鋼板に対し、下記式（２）（ただし、式（２）中におけるｔはめっき層の厚み寸法（μｍ）を示し、Ｉは電流密度（Ａ／ｍｍ２）を示す。）を満たす電流密度で直接電流を印加して、通電加熱方式により９５０℃に加熱して、所定の圧力でホットプレス成型し、成型品とした。
Ｉ＝（２３−ｔ）／０．０７１８ ・・・ （２）
(Example)
Nine steel plates similar to those of Experimental Example 1 were prepared, immersed in a predetermined plating bath, and a plating layer made of Al containing 10% by mass of Si having a thickness of 2 μm in a range of 8 μm to 24 μm on each surface. And 9 plated steel sheets were obtained. Thereafter, for the nine plated steel sheets obtained in this way, the following formula (2) (where t in the formula (2) indicates the thickness dimension (μm) of the plating layer, and I is the current density (A / Mm 2 ). A current was directly applied at a current density satisfying the above), heated to 950 ° C. by an energization heating method, and hot press molded at a predetermined pressure to obtain a molded product.
I = (23−t) /0.0718 (2)
（比較例）
実施例と同様の９枚のめっき鋼板を用意し、通電加熱方式により、めっきに使用した金属（Ｓｉを１０質量％含むＡｌ）の融点（６００℃）より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域で、めっき層の厚みをμｍで示したときの数値を秒で示してなる時間分加熱し、実施例と同様の圧力でホットプレス成型し、成型品とした。
(Comparative example)
Nine plated steel sheets similar to those of the examples were prepared, and the current heating method directly below the melting point of the metal from a predetermined temperature 200 ° C. lower than the melting point (600 ° C.) of the metal used for plating (Al containing 10% by mass of Si). Up to the above temperature range, the value when the thickness of the plating layer is expressed in μm is heated for the time indicated in seconds, and hot press molding is performed at the same pressure as in the example to obtain a molded product.
実施例および比較例において得られた成型品について、めっき層の寄りの有無を調べた。その結果、いずれの成型品においても、寄りによって生じた高さ０．０２ｍｍを超える凸部は見られなかった。
また、実施例において得られた成型品それぞれについて、めっき鋼板に印加した電流密度を用いて、ホットプレス成型を行う温度になるまで（３００℃〜９００℃になるまで）の昇温時間（加熱時間）を算出し、めっき層の厚みとの関係を調べた。その結果を図２に示す。
また、図２に、比較例におけるめっきに使用した金属の融点より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域での加熱時間とめっき層の厚みとの関係を示した。
The molded products obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were examined for the presence or absence of a plating layer. As a result, in any of the molded products, no convex portion exceeding 0.02 mm in height caused by the shift was found.
Moreover, about each molded article obtained in the Example, using the current density applied to the plated steel sheet, the temperature raising time (heating time) until the temperature for hot press molding is reached (until 300 ° C. to 900 ° C.). ) Was calculated and the relationship with the thickness of the plating layer was investigated. The result is shown in FIG.
FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the heating time and the thickness of the plating layer in a temperature range from a predetermined temperature 200 ° C. lower than the melting point of the metal used for plating in the comparative example to just below the melting point of the metal.
図２は、実施例および比較例において、昇温時間（加熱時間）と、めっき層の厚みとの関係を示したグラフである。
図２に示すように、本発明のホットプレス成型方法を用いた実施例では、めっきに使用した金属の融点より２００℃低い所定温度から金属の融点直下までの温度領域で、めっきした鋼板を５秒以上加熱した比較例と比較して、めっき層の厚み寸法が２２μｍ以下である場合における昇温時間が非常に短く、生産性に優れていることが確認できた。
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature raising time (heating time) and the thickness of the plating layer in Examples and Comparative Examples.
As shown in FIG. 2, in the example using the hot press molding method of the present invention, 5 steel plates were plated in a temperature range from a predetermined temperature 200 ° C. lower than the melting point of the metal used for plating to just below the melting point of the metal. Compared with the comparative example heated for 2 seconds or more, it was confirmed that the temperature rise time was very short when the thickness dimension of the plating layer was 22 μm or less, and the productivity was excellent.
Claims (4)
通電加熱方式または誘導加熱方式により、前記めっき鋼板に下記式（１）（ただし、式（１）中におけるｔはめっき層の厚み寸法（μｍ）を示し、Ｉは電流密度（Ａ／ｍｍ２）を示す。）を満たす電流密度で電流を印加して、前記めっき鋼板をオーステナイト領域以上の温度まで加熱し、プレス加工成形することを特徴とするホットプレス成型方法。
Ｉ≦（２３−ｔ）／０．０７１８ ・・・ （１） A hot press molding method for hot press molding a plated steel sheet having a plating layer containing 3 to 15% by mass of Si and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities formed on the surface,
By the electric heating method or the induction heating method, the following formula (1) (where t in the formula (1) indicates the thickness dimension (μm) of the plating layer and I is the current density (A / mm 2 ). A hot press molding method characterized in that a current is applied at a current density that satisfies the above), the plated steel sheet is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the austenite region, and is press-formed.
I ≦ (23−t) /0.0718 (1)
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