JP2010063213A - Power receiver and power transmitting system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electromagnetic wave power receiver, which is reliable and can receive electromagnetic waves stably and efficiently between itself and an electromagnetic wave transmitting medium, and a power transmitting system. <P>SOLUTION: This power receiver, which extracts power from the electromagnetic wave transmitting medium, includes: the first power receiving conductor, which is arranged in parallel with the first conductor layer; a power receiving dielectric (H1: thickness, ε1: permittivity, μ1: permeability), which is provided between the first power receiving conductor and the first conductor layer; a power extraction end, which is arranged on the front side and in a direction not parallel with the direction of propagation of electromagnetic waves that propagates in the electromagnetic wave transmitting medium; the second power receiving conductor, which is provided at the power extraction end; and a plurality of power extraction parts, which are provided at intervals on such a level w as to fulfill the relation of formula: w=(H1/Z)(√(μ1/ε1)), at the end of the power extraction end, so that it may extraction power from the first power receiving conductor and the second power receiving conductor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power receiving device and a power transmission system that receive electromagnetic waves from an electromagnetic wave transmission medium.

  Conventionally, by the present inventors, an electromagnetic field is present in a narrow area sandwiched between opposing conductive sheet bodies, the voltage between the two conductive sheet bodies is changed, the electromagnetic field is changed, or the electromagnetic field is changed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for performing electromagnetic wave transmission by changing a voltage between conductive sheet bodies to advance an electromagnetic field in a desired direction. Non-Patent Document 1 below introduces the principle of a two-dimensional communication medium using electromagnetic waves.

  In addition, as an electromagnetic wave interface device for supplying an electromagnetic wave to an opposing conductive sheet-like medium or taking out an electromagnetic wave from an opposing conductive sheet-like medium, a device having a disk shape is known. The disc-shaped electromagnetic wave interface device is not only installed at a predetermined position on the conductive sheet, but can be freely moved and placed at any position on the conductive sheet.

Such an electromagnetic wave interface device is disclosed in Patent Document 2 below, for example.
JP 2007-82178 A WO / 2007/032339 Hiroyuki Shinoda, “High-Speed Sensor Network Formed on Material Surface”, Measurement and Control, February 2007, Volume 46, Volume 2, p.98-103

  Conventionally, the proposed disc-shaped electromagnetic wave interface device is mainly intended for information communication using electromagnetic waves, and a proposal of a power receiving device suitable for power transmission using electromagnetic waves using a two-dimensional electromagnetic wave transmission medium is expected. there were.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. An electromagnetic wave power receiving device capable of receiving electromagnetic waves with high reliability, stability, and efficiency with an electromagnetic wave transmission medium, and an electric power transmission system. The purpose is to provide.

  An embodiment of the power receiving device according to the present invention includes a mesh-shaped first conductor layer, a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel to face the first conductor layer, and a first conductor layer. And a dielectric layer disposed between the second conductive layer and a dielectric layer disposed between the first conductive layer and the first conductive layer disposed in parallel to face the first conductive layer. Body, a power receiving dielectric provided between the first power receiving conductor and the first conductor layer, and power extraction arranged in a direction not parallel to the front side and in parallel with the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium In order to be able to extract power from the end, the second power receiving conductor provided at the power extracting end, the first power receiving conductor and the second power receiving conductor, A plurality of electric power provided at intervals of about w satisfying the relationship of formula (1). And a take-out portion.

w = (H1 / Z) (√ (μ1 / ε1)) (1)
However, the thickness of the power receiving dielectric is H1, the dielectric constant is ε1, the magnetic permeability is μ1, and the input impedance to the rectifier circuit connected to the power extraction unit is Z.

  Further, according to another aspect of the power receiving device according to the present invention, the first power receiving conductor has a relationship expressed by the following formula (2) on the rear side of the power extraction end portion with respect to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium. It may have a length about half of L that satisfies the above.

However, k (i-1) and k (i-2) are wave numbers of electromagnetic wave modes (i-1) and (i-2), respectively.

  In another aspect of the power receiving device according to the present invention, when the power receiving dielectric is H1, the dielectric constant is ε1, the dielectric constant is ε1, the dielectric layer thickness is h, and the dielectric constant is ε2, the following formula: The relationship (3) may be generally satisfied.

(Ε1 / ε2) = (H1 / h) (3)
In general, satisfying the relationship of Expression (3) is preferable in terms of efficiency because loss is reduced when the right side and the left side are the same, but the present invention is not limited to this. Even if there is a difference of several times between the right side and the left side in (3), it means that power can be transmitted in reality.

  In another aspect of the power receiving device according to the present invention, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer and the dielectric constant of the power receiving dielectric may be approximately the same.

  In another aspect of the power receiving device according to the present invention, the thickness of the dielectric layer and the thickness of the power receiving dielectric may be approximately the same.

  In another aspect of the power receiving device according to the present invention, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium includes a second dielectric layer between the first conductor layer and the power receiving dielectric, and the thickness of the power receiving dielectric is H1. If the rate is ε11, the thickness of the dielectric layer is h, the dielectric constant is ε2, the thickness of the second dielectric layer is H2, and the dielectric constant is ε12, the following equation (4) may be satisfied.

  (H1 / ε11) + (H2 / ε12) = (h / ε2) (4)

  Another aspect of the power receiving device according to the present invention includes a mesh-shaped first conductor layer, a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel to face the first conductor layer, and a first A power receiving device that extracts electric power from an electromagnetic wave transmission medium having a conductor layer and a dielectric layer disposed between the second conductor layers, wherein the power receiving device is disposed in parallel to face the first conductor layer. A power take-out end disposed in a front side and not parallel to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave propagating through the conductor, the power receiving conductor and the first conductor layer, and the electromagnetic wave propagating through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium. And the power receiving conductor has a length about half of L that satisfies the relationship of the following formula (2) on the rear side of the power extraction end with respect to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium. You may have.

However, k (i-1) and k (i-2) are wave numbers of electromagnetic wave modes (i-1) and (i-2), respectively.

  In one embodiment of the power transmission system according to the present invention, the mesh-shaped first conductor layer, the planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel to face the first conductor layer, the first You may provide the electromagnetic wave transmission apparatus which has a dielectric material layer arrange | positioned between a conductor layer and a 2nd conductor layer, and transmits electromagnetic waves, and the power receiving apparatus in any one of the above-mentioned.

Another aspect of the power transmission system according to the present invention includes a mesh-shaped first conductor layer, a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel to face the first conductor layer, and a first An electromagnetic wave transmission medium having a dielectric layer disposed between one conductor layer and a second conductor layer, a power receiving conductor disposed in parallel to face the first conductor layer, and a power receiving conductor And a first dielectric layer provided between the first conductive layer and the first conductive layer, and a power receiving system that extracts power from the electromagnetic wave transmission medium, wherein the dielectric layers each have a dielectric constant of ε2i, A dielectric layer comprising a m layer (m is a natural number and i is a natural number of 1 to m) having a height of hi, and includes a power receiving dielectric between the first conductor layer and the power receiving conductor Are n layers each having a dielectric constant of ε1j and a height of Hj (n is a natural number and j is a natural number from 1 to n). The following equation (5) may be satisfied.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the electromagnetic wave receiving device and electric power transmission system which can receive electric power reliably and stably stably efficiently with an electromagnetic wave transmission medium are realizable.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In addition, embodiment described below is an illustration, Comprising: It is not limited to this and does not restrict | limit the scope of the present invention.

  Also, in the following description, in order to facilitate explanation and understanding, what is a conductor in an electromagnetic wave frequency band used for power transmission is called a “conductor” and what is a dielectric in the frequency band. Called “dielectric”. Therefore, it is not directly restricted by, for example, whether it is a conductor, a semiconductor, or an insulator with respect to a direct current. In addition, the conductor and the dielectric are defined by their characteristics in relation to the electromagnetic wave, and do not limit the aspect or constituent material such as whether it is solid, liquid or gas. .

(Electromagnetic wave transmission medium)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electromagnetic wave transmission medium according to the embodiment. 1A is a plan view of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 taken along the line AA ′. The electromagnetic wave transmission medium is typically a two-dimensional sheet, and can transmit electric power in a desired direction or by diffusing the electromagnetic wave.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 includes a mesh-like first conductor layer 110 and a flat plate-like second conductor layer 120 substantially parallel to the mesh-like first conductor layer 110. Is a so-called communication sheet, a two-dimensional electromagnetic wave transmission medium having a certain planar spread. Further, the first conductor layer 110 is shown in FIG. 1 as being provided above the second conductor layer 120. Further, in FIG. 1A, the first conductor layer 110 is assumed to be composed of a substantially square mesh conductor.

  In addition, when air or a transparent dielectric material is interposed as the dielectric layer 130 between the first conductor layer 110 and the second conductor layer 120, a substantially square opening of the first conductor layer 110 is formed. The second conductor layer 120 can be seen through. However, in the case where an opaque dielectric material is interposed as the dielectric layer 130 between the first conductor layer 110 and the second conductor layer 120, the second conductor layer 110 is opened from the mesh opening of the first conductor layer 110. The conductor layer 120 is not visible. Here, as an opaque dielectric material used for the dielectric layer 130, for example, a flexible resin member or the like may be used. Further, as the dielectric layer 130, a sheet-like or belt-like cloth, paper, rubber, foam, gel material, or the like can be used.

  The dielectric layer 130 is preferably a member having a certain level of strength, flexibility, lightness, and aesthetics, such as a foam member. Moreover, the repeating unit (mesh period) of the mesh of the first conductor layer 110 is equal to the distance between the centers of adjacent square openings.

  Further, in FIG. 1B, it can be understood that a leaching region 140 from which an electromagnetic wave oozes is conceptually provided above the first conductor layer 110. The dielectric layer 130 and the leaching region 140 may both be air, but one or both or a part thereof may be another dielectric, for example, liquid, earth, or vacuum. Good. A part of the leaching region 140 may be covered with a resin sheet or the like.

  Further, for example, by covering a part of the leaching region 140 with a protective sheet or a protective film, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 having strength that can be practically used, durability, and aesthetics can be obtained. Similarly to the leaching region 140, the back surface side of the second conductor layer 120, that is, the opposite surface of the second conductor layer 120 to the dielectric layer 130 is covered with a protective sheet or a protective film. The electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 having the strength to withstand, durability and aesthetics.

  Further, in order to prevent the standing wave from being generated in the dielectric layer 130 and reduce the standing wave, a material having a large dielectric loss or resistance loss in a specific frequency band of the propagated electromagnetic wave is used for the dielectric layer. It may be arranged at 130 predetermined positions or filled. Typically, a so-called termination process that reduces reflection of electromagnetic waves can be performed on the end portion or the edge portion of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100.

  Such a termination process not only reduces the standing wave, but in reality, even if the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 has a finite size, it is as if it is expanded to an infinite width. It is possible to handle theoretically. Thereby, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 can suppress the influence of the reflected wave generated by the reflected electromagnetic wave being reflected at the edge portion of the marginal portion, etc. Therefore, the occurrence of uneven distribution of electromagnetic waves, unexpected imbalance, etc. May be preferable.

  Further, the first conductor layer 110 and the second conductor layer 120 are both configured in a planar shape having a certain spread in two dimensions. Here, the planar shape is a belt, sheet, cloth, paper, foil, plate, film, film, mesh, rubber, liquid such as conductive ink, gel, etc. It means that it has a wide surface and is thin. Further, the second conductor layer 120 may have a mesh shape having the same structure using the same material as the first conductor layer 110.

  Therefore, for example, when the room wall is used as the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 of the present embodiment, first, a metal foil is pasted as the second conductor layer 120, and then an insulator for forming a dielectric layer is sprayed, or Apply. Then, a mesh-like metal net | network can be affixed or apply | coated as the 1st conductor layer 110, and the wallpaper of an insulator can be affixed or apply | coated as a protective film.

  In addition, by using conductive ink or conductive rubber, and drawing or painting or spraying any pattern or picture as necessary, the first conductive layer 110 or the second conductive layer can be printed. The body layer 120 can be produced. Further, in this case, a marginal portion is produced by appropriately making a hollow through-hole at an arbitrary position of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, a power feeding part is formed on the marginal part, and the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 is formed from the arbitrary power feeding part. Power may be supplied inside.

  Here, in the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, attention is paid to the electromagnetic wave mode that propagates between the dielectric layers 130 sandwiched between the first conductor layer 110 and the second conductor layer 120. If the first conductor layer 110 is not a mesh and has a solid structure with no opening, the electromagnetic wave is confined in the dielectric layer 130.

  On the other hand, as illustrated in this embodiment, the first conductor layer 110 typically has a mesh-like structure with a mesh period of 7 mm, and thus has an opening. With such a shape, an electromagnetic field oozes out from the first conductor layer 110 to a certain height. The region where the electromagnetic field exudes is a region conceptually shown as the leaching region 140 in FIG. This height is determined by the pattern shape of the mesh, the thickness of the dielectric of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium, and the dielectric constant. In addition, the line width of the 1st conductor layer 110 which comprises a mesh can be 1 mm, for example.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the unit dimension (mesh period) of the mesh is a period having a length sufficiently shorter than the electromagnetic wave length λ in the dielectric layer 130. Here, the mesh period corresponds to a value obtained by adding the length of one side constituting the so-called mesh grid and the line width of the mesh conductor.

  The first conductor layer 110 can typically have a mesh period with a length of λ / 5 or less, λ / 10 to λ / 100, λ / 100 to λ / 1000, etc. with respect to the electromagnetic wave length λ. However, according to the application field of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, it is preferable to design the mesh period appropriately adjusted. In addition, the height of the leaching region 140 may be set and adjusted so that a desired electromagnetic wave intensity or the like can be obtained by performing experiments or simulations by combining arbitrary materials having desired electromagnetic characteristics.

  The height of the dielectric layer 130 is sufficiently smaller than the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave in the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100.

  For example, if two electromagnetic wave transmission media 100 are prepared and arranged so that the leaching regions 140 face each other, signals and power are transmitted between the two electromagnetic wave transmission media 100 via the electromagnetic field. It is also possible. For example, one electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 may be affixed to a wall surface as a wallpaper for a room, and the other electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 may be used as a type of electromagnetic wave interface device or connector for performing signal transmission via the wallpaper. Is possible.

  In addition, a power feeding device or a communication device is connected to one electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 by direct coupling, wired coupling or proximity coupling, and a power receiving device or communication device is coupled to the other electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 by direct coupling, wired coupling or proximity coupling. Connect with. If the leaching areas 140 of the two electromagnetic wave transmission media 100 are overlapped, it is possible to transmit electric power or transmit signals via electromagnetic waves between the power supply device or the communication device and the power receiving device or the like. It becomes.

  Further, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 itself can be viewed as an electromagnetic wave interface device that can be connected by proximity coupling. As described above, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 can be combined with various interface devices to constitute an electromagnetic wave transmission system.

  Examples of devices connected to the electromagnetic wave interface device include external communication devices, various communication elements, communication circuits, sensors, RF tags, actuators, and power transmission / reception devices. These devices can communicate with other communication devices via the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100. As other communication devices, in addition to the above-described devices, a communication element or sensor embedded in the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, an RF tag (RFID), or the like can be used.

  The electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 can also be configured as clothing that can be attached to and detached from a human body, such as a suit or a coat, as an information transmission medium for a wearable computer. For example, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 may be formed by sewing clothes with a cloth woven with an insulator sandwiched between conductive fibers. Further, as described above, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 is configured to have a function of transmitting electromagnetic waves, and may be configured as a power supply system that supplies and / or transmits power, and may be a wireless power feeding device.

  Next, a power receiving connector capable of receiving electromagnetic waves from the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 will be described in the first embodiment. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, a typical example of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 will be described based on a sheet-like medium (hereinafter also referred to as a communication sheet as appropriate).

(First embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a power receiving connector as a typical example of the power receiving apparatus. In FIG. 2, the dielectric layer 130 of the sheet-like electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 is assumed to have a dielectric constant ε2 and a thickness h. In addition, the power receiving connector 200 includes a second power receiving conductor 210, a power receiving dielectric 220, and a first power receiving conductor 230 in order from the side closer to the mesh-shaped first conductor layer 110 of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100. The power receiving connector 200 is assumed to be a thin flat plate.

  The power receiving connector 200 is movable on the upper surface of the mesh-shaped first conductor layer 110 of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 so that it can be placed at an arbitrary position. The power receiving dielectric 220 of the power receiving connector 200 has a dielectric constant of ε1 and a thickness of H. The first power receiving conductor 230 is a thin flat plate having a two-dimensionally constant spread, and is arranged so as to cover the entire power receiving dielectric 220.

  Further, the second power receiving conductor 210 is disposed at the power extraction end portion 240 of the power receiving connector 200. Here, the power extraction end portion 240 is a peripheral portion of the power receiving connector 200 having a certain spread for extracting electric power. In the typical example illustrated in FIG. 2, the second power receiving conductor 210 is provided in a reverse L-shaped belt shape on the end surface 241 of the power extraction end portion 240 and the bottom surface of the power receiving connector 200, but is not limited thereto. . For example, the power receiving connector 200 may include the second power receiving conductor 210 only on the end surface 241 of the power extraction end portion 240 or only on the bottom surface portion of the power reception connector 200 of the power extraction end portion 240.

  In addition, the dielectric constant ε1 of the power receiving dielectric of the power receiving connector 200 is preferably set to the same dielectric constant as the dielectric constant ε2 of the dielectric layer 130 of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 from the viewpoint of matching for receiving electromagnetic waves. In addition, the thickness H of the power receiving dielectric of the power receiving connector 200 is preferably the same as the thickness h of the dielectric layer 130 of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100 from the viewpoint of matching for receiving electromagnetic waves.

  In addition, the power receiving connector 200 has a power extraction portion 242 serving as an electrical connection path for extracting the received power to the outside of the power reception connector 200 at the power extraction end portion 240. In the typical example shown in FIG. 2, in the power extraction unit 242, the first power receiving conductor 230 and the second power receiving conductor 210 and the rectifier circuit 250 are connected and electrically connected to each other. As a result, the power received by the power receiving connector 200 is extracted by the current flowing from the power extraction unit 242 of the power extraction end 240 to the rectifier circuit 250. It is assumed that the rectifier circuit 250 is connected to a load 260 as shown in FIG.

  Further, since the power extraction end portion 240 is provided at the edge portion of the power receiving connector 200, the electromagnetic wave received by the entire surface of the power receiving connector 200 can be efficiently extracted to the outside. In FIG. 2, it is assumed that an insulating sheet (not shown) is disposed between the second power receiving conductor 210 and the first conductor layer 110 of the power receiving connector 200.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power receiving connector 300 in which the SMA connector 370 is disposed at the power extracting end 340 of the power receiving connector 300 and the power is extracted via the SMA connector 370. As shown in FIG. 3, the core wire of the SMA connector 370 is electrically connected to the first power receiving conductor 330 at the power extraction end portion 340 by soldering or the like.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the flange portion of the SMA connector 370 electrically connected to the covered wire of the SMA connector 370 is disposed on the end surface 341 of the power extraction end portion 340 and functions as the second power receiving conductor 310. To do. In other words, it can be understood that the second power receiving conductor 310 in the power receiving connector 300 is a collar portion of the SMA connector 370.

Therefore, it can be understood that one of the power extraction portions 342 of the power receiving connector 300 is typically a solder joint portion between the core wire of the SMA connector 370 and the first power receiving conductor 330. In addition, it can be understood that the other power extraction portion 342 of the power receiving connector 300 is a boundary portion between the flange portion of the SMA connector 370 (that is, the second power receiving conductor 310) and the outer conductor of the SMA connector 370.
That is, the portion that is electrically connected to the second power receiving conductor 310 and is away from the end surface 341 is a typical example of the power extraction unit 342. In addition, a rectifier circuit is preferably provided in a portion electrically connected to the second power receiving conductor 310 and spaced from the end face 341. Thereby, the current extracted from the power receiving connector 300 sequentially follows the path in the order of the second power receiving conductor 310, the power extraction unit 342, and the rectifier circuit.

  When the power receiving connector 300 and the SMA connector 370 are formed inseparably, the SMA connector 370 itself is regarded as a part of the power receiving connector 300 from the viewpoint of the power extraction function, and the SMA connector 370 is a power extraction unit. It can also be considered to be. In other words, in this case, it can be understood that the SMA connector 370 is a power extraction portion disposed on the end surface 341 of the power extraction end portion 340 of the power receiving connector 300.

  4 shows the shape of the power receiving connectors 400a, 400b, 400c, and 400d (hereinafter referred to as the power receiving connector 400 as appropriate) and the power extraction ends 430a, 430b, 430c, and 430d (hereinafter referred to as the power extraction end 430 as appropriate). It is a figure which illustrates the variation about arrangement | positioning. FIG. 4 shows an outline of a state where the power receiving connector 400 is viewed from the upper surface of the power receiving conductor 410.

  FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram in which the SMA connectors 470 are arranged at almost equal intervals around the substantially square shape of the power receiving connector 400a, and the edge portion extending around the entire periphery is the power extraction end portion 430a. It is. That is, in the power receiving connector 400a, it is also possible to take out electric power from the entire peripheral edge portion.

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram in which the SMA connectors 470 are arranged at almost equal intervals around the entire circumference of the substantially circular power receiving connector 400b, and the edge portion extending around the entire circumference is the power extraction end portion 430b. FIG. That is, in the power receiving connector 400b, it is also possible to take out electric power from the entire peripheral edge portion.

  FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram in which the SMA connectors 470 are arranged at substantially equal intervals on one side of the substantially square shaped power receiving connector 400c, and the edge portion of the one side of the power receiving connector 400c is used as the power extraction end 430c. FIG. That is, in the power receiving connector 400c, it is possible to extract power from the edge portion of the one side.

  In FIG. 4D, the SMA connectors 470 are arranged at approximately equal intervals around the periphery of the substantially circular power receiving connector 400d, and the approximately half of the periphery of the power receiving connector 400d is connected to the power extraction end 430d. FIG. That is, in the power receiving connector 400d, it is possible to extract electric power from the edge portion of the half circumference portion.

  The edge portion of the power receiving connector 400 serving as the power extraction end portion 430 is preferably not parallel to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave traveling in the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, and is typically in the vertical direction. It is preferable from the viewpoint of good power extraction. For this reason, in the power receiving connector 400a shown in FIG. 4A, it is possible to receive power almost efficiently with respect to electromagnetic waves in almost all directions, and particularly with respect to electromagnetic waves in directions perpendicular to each side of the square. It is possible to receive power with high efficiency.

  In addition, in the power receiving connector 400b shown in FIG. 4B, it is possible to substantially efficiently receive electromagnetic waves in all directions, and the power receiving function is exhibited with almost equal efficiency with respect to electromagnetic waves in any direction. It is possible. Further, in the power receiving connector 400b shown in FIG. 4B, for the electromagnetic wave in the direction perpendicular to the tangential direction of the edge portion of the power extraction end portion 430b, the power extraction end positioned at the edge portion. The power can be extracted particularly efficiently from the section 430b.

  FIG. 4C shows a power receiving connector 400c that can efficiently receive the electromagnetic wave from the direction of the arrow 4c with respect to the electromagnetic wave having a component in the direction shown by the arrow 4c in the drawing. FIG. 4D shows a power receiving connector 400d that can effectively perform a power receiving function with respect to an electromagnetic wave component mainly from the left direction in FIG. Further, in the power receiving connector 400d shown in FIG. 4 (d), the power receiving connector 400d is positioned at the peripheral portion with respect to the electromagnetic wave in the vertical direction with respect to the tangential direction of the peripheral portion where the power extraction end portion 430d is disposed. Electric power can be taken out from the SMA connector 470 particularly efficiently.

  Here, the power receiving connector 400a and the power receiving connector 400b illustrated in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B can flexibly correspond to the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves. Even if it is unclear whether electromagnetic waves are traveling, it is suitable. In addition, the power receiving connector 400d illustrated in FIG. 4D is suitable for a case where the traveling direction of the rough electromagnetic wave is known but many other direction components are included.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram conceptually illustrating the relationship between the power receiving connector 500 and the electromagnetic wave source 5. The square-shaped power receiving connector 500 is connected to the power source 5 at the edge portion of the first power receiving conductor 530 opposite to the wave source 5 so as to face the wave source 5 with the first power receiving conductor 530 interposed therebetween. A take-out end 540 is provided.

  In other words, the power extraction end portion 540 is perpendicular to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave supplied from the wave source 5 to the electromagnetic wave transmission medium (not shown) and is an edge in the forward direction of the first power receiving conductor 530. It shall be in the part. Further, by arranging the wave source 5 on the vertical bisector of the power extraction end portion 540, the power receiving connector 500 can receive the electromagnetic waves supplied from the wave source 5 efficiently without being biased.

  Here, it is considered that the electromagnetic wave supplied from the wave source 5 to the electromagnetic wave transmission medium is mainly propagated radially while being directed in various directions by reflection or the like. However, in view of the relative relationship between the wave source 5 and the power receiving connector 500 that the electromagnetic wave supplied from the wave source 5 is received by the power receiving connector 500, the electromagnetic wave is propagated from the wave source 5 toward the power receiving connector 500. Can be understood. Therefore, the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave is typically a direction from the wave source 5 toward the power receiving connector 500.

  The power receiving connector 500 includes a plurality of power extraction units 542 at a predetermined interval w at the power extraction end 540. Typically, the power receiving connector 500 includes a plurality of SMA connectors 570 at a predetermined interval w at the power extraction end portion 540.

  Here, the thickness of the power receiving dielectric of the power receiving connector 500 is H1 (m), the dielectric constant is ε1 (F / m), the magnetic permeability is μ1 (H / m), and rectification (not shown) connected to the power extraction unit 542 is performed. Assuming that the input impedance to the circuit is a pure resistance Z (Ω), the arrangement interval w (m) of the power extraction unit 542 whose impedance is matched is given by the following equation (1).

  w = (H1 / Z) (√ (μ1 / ε1)) (1)

For example, the thickness H1 = 2 × 10 ⁻³ (m) of the power receiving dielectric of the power receiving connector 500, the dielectric constant ε1 = 1.4 × 8.9 × 10 ⁻¹² (F / m), and the magnetic permeability μ1 = 1 × 4π. When × 10 ⁻⁷ (H / m) and impedance Z = 50 (Ω), the arrangement interval of the SMA connectors 570 can be calculated as w = 1.23 (cm).

  Further, when the power extraction unit 542 is set to the arrangement interval w (m) so as to satisfy the relationship represented by the expression (1), it is possible to extract the power most efficiently. In other words, with respect to the power receiving connector 500 arranged on the communication sheet, a typical arrangement interval of the power extraction units 542 that most easily extract electromagnetic waves is an interval that satisfies the above formula (1).

  In addition, the above-mentioned formula (1) holds the relationship of the following formula (6) derived from the impedance matching condition in the space sandwiched between the first power receiving conductor 530 of the power receiving connector 500 and the communication sheet. Derived assuming that.

Z = V / I = H√ (μ / ε) (6)
Here, the above-described formula (6) is obtained in the space S in which a dielectric having a thickness H (m), a dielectric constant ε (F / m), and a magnetic permeability μ (H / m) is sandwiched between two layers of conductors. When the electromagnetic wave is propagating in the direction along the plane, the current density (current crossing the unit length) flowing in the direction perpendicular to the wavefront is defined as I (A / m), and the voltage between the conductor plates at that point is V (V / m), and the ratio was derived as being equal to Z (Ω).

  When Equation (6) is satisfied, theoretically, reflection of electromagnetic waves at the power extraction end 540 is reduced, and power is efficiently extracted via the power extraction unit 542. However, in Formula (6), it calculated as the thickness H of a dielectric material being sufficiently smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the length L5 of the power receiving connector 500 in the electromagnetic wave propagation direction is not extremely smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the communication sheet (not shown). Typically, it is preferable that the length of the first power receiving conductor 530 of the power receiving connector 500 is equal to or longer than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the communication sheet. In addition, by setting the length L5 of the power receiving connector 500 to be equal to or longer than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, the first power receiving conductor 530 of the power receiving connector 500 can sufficiently receive the energy of the electromagnetic wave. The power receiving connector 500 can receive power.

  A more preferable length L5 of the power receiving connector 500 will be described later as a simulation result. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the arrangement relationship of the power extraction end portion 640.

  FIG. 6A shows that the electromagnetic wave extraction end 640 of the power receiving connector 600 is perpendicular to the communication sheet surface direction (not shown) with respect to the electromagnetic wave supplied and propagated from the wave source 650 serving as a feeding point to the communication sheet. It is a figure which shows the state arrange | positioned. As a result, the power receiving connector 600 can efficiently receive power from the communication sheet using the entire surface of the first power receiving conductor 630 and efficiently extract power from the electromagnetic wave extraction end 640 at the end.

  FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of the power receiving connector 600 mounted on the communication sheet 6100. The power receiving connector 600 is placed on the first conductor layer 6110 via a protective film (not shown). The power receiving connector 600 includes a first power receiving conductor 630 so as to cover the entire upper surface thereof, and includes a second power receiving conductor 610 at the power extraction end 640.

  The second power receiving conductor 610 may have a strip shape having a desired spread on the bottom surface side of the power receiving connector 600. Further, the end face 641 of the power extraction end portion 640 is provided at a desired rectangular interval, and an unillustrated SMA connector is provided in the gap portion, and the flange portion of the SMA connector also functions as the second power receiving conductor 610. You may let them.

  Further, the end face 641 is provided not perpendicularly to the face of the communication sheet 6100 but typically perpendicularly. As a result, the power receiving connector 600 can efficiently receive power from the communication sheet using the entire surface of the first power receiving conductor 630 and can efficiently extract power from the electromagnetic wave extraction end 640.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an arrangement example when a plurality of power receiving connectors 700 are arranged. In FIG. 7A, it is assumed that there is a wave source (not shown) on the left side of the power receiving connector 700, and electromagnetic waves are propagated from the wave source toward the power receiving connector 700 mainly in the direction of the arrow 7a.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (a), two power receiving connectors 700 are arranged in tandem in the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves, and each power receiving connector 700 is substantially perpendicular to the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves and A power extraction end portion 740 is disposed at the edge portion on the front side (the direction of the arrow 7a) with respect to the propagation direction. As a result, it is possible to receive power particularly efficiently for narrow electromagnetic waves collected within a narrow spread angle in a communication sheet (not shown). It is assumed that SMA connectors 770 are provided at the power extraction end 740 at predetermined intervals.

  In FIG. 7B, it is assumed that there is a wave source (not shown) on the left side of the power receiving connector 700, and electromagnetic waves are propagated from the wave source toward the power receiving connector 700 in the direction of the arrow 7b. The power receiving connectors 700 are arranged in parallel to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, that is, two power receiving connectors 700 are arranged side by side in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave.

  Further, in each of the power receiving connectors 700 shown in FIG. 7B, the side of the first power receiving conductor 730 that is substantially perpendicular to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave and on the front side (the direction of the arrow 7b). A power extraction end 740 is provided at the edge portion. As a result, it is possible to pick up electromagnetic waves and efficiently receive power even with respect to electromagnetic waves that are two-dimensionally spatially widened in the communication sheet as compared to FIG. 7A. Note that, in both FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, two or more arbitrary power receiving connectors 700 can be arranged.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state where the power extraction end portion 840 of the power receiving connector 800 is observed from the end face 841 side. FIG. 8A shows a front view, and FIG. 8B shows a perspective view. The power receiving connector 800 is placed on the first conductor layer 8110 of the communication sheet 8100. Further, the second power receiving conductor 810 and the flange portion of the SMA connector 870 are alternately arranged on the end surface 841. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8A, the power receiving dielectric not shown is not visible from the end face 841.

  In addition, on the end surface 841, the flange portion of the SMA connector 870 functions as the second power receiving conductor 810. In addition, it is assumed that the flange portion of the SMA connector 870 is electrically connected to the two second power receiving conductors 810 disposed adjacent to both sides thereof. The power receiving connectors 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 described above are individually described with separate reference numerals for easy description of the characteristic portions. However, typically, it may be configured as the same power receiving connector having all the characteristics, or may be combined and applied as a power receiving connector having any one or a plurality of characteristics.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment in which the dielectric layer has a plurality of layer structures will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the power transmission system 9000 in which the power receiving dielectric and the dielectric layer of the first embodiment each have a plurality of layer structures.

  The power transmission system 9000 includes a power receiving connector 9900 having a first power receiving conductor 9930, a second power receiving conductor 9910, and a (n-1) layer power receiving dielectric 9920, and a second conductor layer 9120, m It is assumed that a dielectric layer 9130, a first conductor layer 9110, and a protective film 9190 are sequentially placed on a communication sheet 9100.

  That is, the power transmission system 9000 is configured with n layers of dielectrics having dielectric constants of ε11 to ε1n and thicknesses of H1 to Hn, respectively, on the power receiving connector 9900 side with respect to the first conductor layer 9110. It has a layered structure. In addition, the power transmission system 9000 includes m layers each having a dielectric constant of ε21 to ε2m and a thickness of h1 to hm between the second conductor layer 9120 and the first conductor layer 9110 as a reference. It has a layer structure made of a dielectric.

  In this case, it is preferable that the power transmission system 9000 generally satisfies the following expression (5) from the viewpoint of matching that can reduce the reflection at the rectifier circuit 9950 or the like and take in the electromagnetic waves with low loss.

  In the calculation of Expression (5), it is assumed that the first conductor layer 9110 is inductive, and the second conductor layer 9120 and the first power receiving conductor 9930 are perfect conductors. .

  Here, the communication sheet 9100 and the power receiving connector 9900 show typical examples of the electromagnetic wave transmission medium 100, the communication sheets 8100, 6100, and the power receiving connectors 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, respectively. Is.

  Further, for example, in the power transmission system 9000, the dielectric layer 9130 of the communication sheet 9100 includes one layer (m = 1), the power receiving dielectric 9920 includes one layer, and the communication sheet 9100 does not include a protective film (n = 1). Assuming that there is, the above formula (5) becomes the following formula (3-2). When such a configuration is adopted, the power transmission system 9000 having characteristics that generally satisfy the formula (5). It is preferable that

(H1 / ε11) = (h1 / ε21) Expression (3-2)
When satisfying the relationship of the expression (3-2), it is theoretically possible to transfer electromagnetic waves between the power receiving connector 9900 and the communication sheet 9100 with low loss and high efficiency. Note that the relationship of the expression (3-2) is theoretically calculated, and actually, the values of the left side and the right side are not necessarily exactly the same, and the values of the right side and the left side are equal. Any degree is acceptable. Therefore, in reality, for example, on the order of about 50%, electromagnetic waves can be transmitted and received even if the values on the right and left sides are different. Expression (3-2) is a relational expression that substantially corresponds to Expression (3) described above.

  Further, when the communication sheet 9100 further includes a protective film or the like that covers the first conductor layer 9110 and exhibits a certain level of water resistance and wear resistance, the formula (5) becomes the following formula (4). .

(H1 / ε11) + (H2 / ε12) = (h1 / ε21) Equation (4)
In the case of satisfying the relationship of the formula (4), it is theoretically possible to transfer electromagnetic waves between the power receiving connector 9900 and the communication sheet 9100 with low loss and high efficiency. Note that the relationship of Equation (4) is theoretically calculated, and actually, the values on the left side and the right side do not necessarily have to be exactly the same, and the values on the right side and the left side are approximately the same. I just need it. Therefore, in reality, the values on the right side and the left side may be different, for example, on the order of about 50%.

(Confirmation experiment)
Next, experimental results for confirming the characteristics of the above-described power transmission system and the like will be described below. In the confirmation experiment described below, a new method for wireless power transmission to a terminal in contact with a communication sheet was examined. In addition, a power receiving connector that absorbs the focused beam formed on the two-dimensional communication sheet with high efficiency is proposed, and an experiment for acquiring 8 W of power is performed.

  Consider a model of a power transmission system that propagates electromagnetic waves in the + x direction in the communication sheet 1100 having the structure shown in FIG. When x ≧ 0 on the communication sheet 1100 having a thickness h, the power receiving connector 1000 is disposed up to the position H above the communication sheet 1100. At this time, the Maxwell equation was solved for the behavior of the electromagnetic wave introduced into the communication sheet 1100.

  Here, the dielectric constant inside the power receiving connector 1000 (h <z <h + H) is ε1, the magnetic permeability is μ1, the dielectric constant inside the communication sheet 1100 (0 <z <h) is ε2, and the magnetic permeability is μ2. 1000 is arranged along the x direction in FIG.

  Here, 1185 is an electromagnetic wave input port of the communication sheet 1100, 1120 is a second conductive layer, 1130 is a dielectric layer, and 1110 is a mesh-like conductive layer (corresponding to the first conductive layer). Reference numeral 1020 denotes a dielectric of the power receiving connector 1000, and reference numeral 1030 denotes a conductor (corresponding to the first power receiving conductor).

  First, the second conductor layer 1120 of the communication sheet 1100 and the conductor 1030 of the power receiving connector 1000 are assumed to be perfect conductors without loss, and the mesh-like conductive layer 1110 is assumed to be a layer having a finite impedance.

  The mesh-like conductive layer 1110 is sufficiently thin and is isotropic in the x direction and the y direction. The sheet impedance Z of the mesh-like conductive layer 1110 of the communication sheet 1100 is defined as the following formula (7).

  Here, Ex (V / m) is the electric field in the x direction in the mesh-like conductive layer 1110, Ix (A / m) is the x component of the current density at the same place, and the unit length along the y-axis. It is assumed that the amount of charge crosses. Ex and Ix are average values per mesh period.

In the following, the solution of the Maxwell equation is shown assuming a two-dimensional problem in which the width in the y direction is sufficiently long. This solution includes two independent modes. Here, A: = (μ2ε2−μ1ε1) ω ² , and z components of the electric field in the power receiving connector 1000 and the communication sheet 1100 are E ¹ _z and E ² _z , respectively, and the magnetic fluxes in the power receiving connector 1000 and the communication sheet 1100. The y component of the density was B ¹ _y and B ² _y , respectively, and the constant was C. Also, the time term exp (jwt) is omitted.

  Assuming that the resistance component R of the equation (7) is sufficiently small, as a solution of the Maxwell equation, the following equation (8), the following equation (9),

In each case, two independent modes can be obtained for each. In addition, the condition that the electromagnetic wave in the communication sheet 1100 can be significantly sucked out to the power receiving connector 1000 is only in the case of Expression (8), but detailed description thereof is redundant and is omitted here. Therefore, in the following, only the solution for the case where Expression (8) is satisfied is shown.

  When the above equation (8) is satisfied, the electromagnetic wave mode (i-1) satisfies the following equation (10).

However, in the above formula (10), the following formula (11) is satisfied.

The electromagnetic wave mode (i-2) satisfies the following formula (12).

However, in the above formula (12), the following formula (13) is satisfied.

The above solution assumes | k ₁ H | << ₁ and | k ₂ h | << ₁ . The wave number k _i-1 of the electromagnetic wave mode (i-1) is different from the wave number k _{i-2 of} the electromagnetic wave mode (i-2). For this reason, when they are present and interfere with each other, the electromagnetic energy density changes in the period of the length L so as to satisfy the above formula (2) along the x direction. In the case of a wave traveling in the + x direction, both k _i−1 and k _i−2 are positive numbers.

  That is, it can be understood that the electromagnetic wave travels in and out of the communication sheet 1100 (0 <z <h) and the communication sheet 1100 outside (h <z <h + H) with a period L. In particular, when x <0, the following equation (14) is satisfied as a condition for the existence of a point where electromagnetic waves localized only in the communication sheet 1100 come out of the communication sheet 1100 completely when x ≧ 0. Can lead.

(H / h) = (ε1 / ε2) (14)
In addition, it was confirmed that electromagnetic waves in the communication sheet 1100 were sucked up by the power receiving connector by a simulation using values of characteristics such that each parameter satisfies the relationship of Expression (14). Equation (14) substantially corresponds to Equation (3). Next, the specification of the simulation model is shown.

  In the model shown in FIG. 10, the dielectric layer 1130 of the communication sheet 1100 and the dielectric 1020 of the power receiving connector 1000 both have a thickness of 2 mm (H = h = 2 mm) and a relative dielectric constant so as to satisfy the above formula (14). Were 1.5 (ε1 = ε2 = 1.5).

  The mesh-like conductive layer 1110, the second conductor layer 1120, and the conductor 1030 were conductors having a thickness of 10 μm. For the mesh-like conductive layer 1110 of the communication sheet 1100, a conductor having a mesh of 7 mm period and a line width of 1 mm was used. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the behavior of the electromagnetic wave when the electromagnetic wave was applied from the electromagnetic wave input port 1185 at the end of the communication sheet 1100 was confirmed.

  Here, from the simulation results, the electric field strength at the height z = h / 2 inside the communication sheet 1100 and the electric field strength at the height z = h + H / 2 inside the power receiving connector 1000 are shown along the + x direction. 11. In FIG. 11, the solid line 1 indicates the change in the electric field magnitude with respect to the length direction x in the power receiving connector 1000, and the broken line 2 indicates the change in the electric field magnitude with respect to the length direction x in the communication sheet 1100. It is.

  From the results shown in FIG. 11, it is understood that when the length of the power receiving connector 1000 is approximately 280 mm and electromagnetic waves are absorbed at the end of the power receiving connector 1000, the electromagnetic waves can be sucked out from the communication sheet 1100 at a theoretical rate of about 96%. .

  In the following experiment, the electromagnetic wave was converted into direct current by a full wave doubler rectifier circuit connected to the end of the power receiving connector, and it was confirmed how much power can be obtained. Fig.12 (a) is a figure which shows the measurement system of the electric power transmission system used for experiment.

  In the measurement system shown in FIG. 12A, the oscillator 1200 is in the 2.4 GHz band, has eight output units of 5 W / terminal output, and the phase of each terminal is variable by 45 degrees. It is assumed that this is connected to the transmission electrode array 1210 fixed to the communication sheet 1220. Further, the three end surfaces 1260 of the communication sheet 1220 were subjected to termination treatment for reducing the reflection of electromagnetic waves.

  Also, the power receiving connector 1230 has a length of 10 cm and a width of 20 cm due to the rating of the circuit elements used in the rectifier circuit 1240, and these are long sides with a width of 20 cm with respect to the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves. Are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal. Further, a full wave rectifier circuit (rectifier circuit 1240) is arranged at the above-described predetermined interval w on the front end surface of the power receiving connector 1230 in the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves.

  In FIG. 12A, 15 rectifier circuits 1240 are used for the power receiving connector 1230. All output terminals from the rectifier circuit 1240 were connected in parallel, and this was connected to the load 1250. FIG. 12B shows an example of receiving power using two power receiving connectors 1230. In the example shown in FIG. 12B, it is assumed that two power receiving connectors 1230 are arranged in tandem with respect to the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves. In FIG. 12B, 15 rectifier circuits 1240 are used for each power receiving connector 1230, and a total of 30 rectifier circuits 1240 are used. As shown in FIG. 12B, it is preferable to use two power receiving connectors 1230 because a power receiving connector system with higher power receiving efficiency can be obtained.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a single transmission electrode 1600 constituting the transmission electrode array 1210. FIG. 13A is a plan view, FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 13C is a bottom view. As shown in FIG. 13 (b), the transmission electrode 1600 includes two conductors arranged at a distance of 2 mm and a dielectric having a relative dielectric constant of 1.4 arranged therebetween. .

  An outline of the power receiving connector 1230 is shown in FIG. 14A is a front view of one power receiving connector 1230, FIG. 14B is a front view of two power receiving connectors 1230, and FIG. 14C is an equivalent circuit of the rectifier circuit 1240 alone. Is shown.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 14A, it is assumed that the rectifier circuit 1240 is arranged with a predetermined interval w satisfying the above-described formula (1). The rectifier circuit 1240 is electrically connected to the power receiving connector 1230 via the SMA connector 1370.

  The interval between the transmission electrode array 1210 and the power receiving connector 1230 was 50 cm, and the oscillator 1200 adjusted the phase so that the power was focused on the power receiving connector 1230.

Next, FIG. 15 shows the experimental results. Here, the voltage Vpp (V) generated at both ends of the load 1250 (R (Ω)) is measured, and from this and the value of the load 1250, the power P (W) is obtained by P: = Vpp ² / R. It was. From the results shown in FIG. 15, it was confirmed that about 8 W of power can be taken out with respect to 40 W input. From this experimental result, it can be understood that significant power acquisition can be performed even if the length of the power receiving connector 1230 in the electromagnetic wave propagation direction is about 100 mm, which is smaller than 280 mm calculated as preferable. In other words, unless the length of the power receiving connector 1230 in the electromagnetic wave propagation direction is extremely shorter than about half of L (typically 280 mm) that satisfies the above-described equation (2), significant power acquisition can be performed. Understandable.

  In the confirmation experiment described above, power transmission using two-dimensional communication was examined and confirmed. Here, when a power receiving connector 1230 for acquiring power from the communication sheet 1220 is proposed and a 2.4 GHz band microwave 40 W is applied to the communication sheet 1220 through an experiment, about 8 W is acquired on the communication sheet 1220. I was able to confirm that it was possible.

  FIG. 16 shows the result of measuring the conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit 1240 alone in relation to the experiment with the measurement system configured as described above. FIG. 16 shows the result of calculating the efficiency η from the relationship between the load connected to the rectifier circuit 1240 and the voltage at both ends when an electromagnetic wave of 1.67 watts at a frequency of 2.4 GHz is applied to the rectifier circuit 1240 alone. It is.

  Further, the conversion efficiency η (%) shown in FIG. 16 occurs at both ends of the load R (Ω) connected to the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 1240 with respect to the applied power Pin (W: watts) applied to the rectifier circuit 1240. It calculated | required according to following Formula (15) from voltage V (V).

^{η = 100 × (V 2 /} R) / Pin ··· formula (15)
As is apparent from FIG. 16, it was confirmed that the rectifier circuit 1240 alone has a conversion efficiency of about 60% at the maximum.

  Furthermore, since the said experiment was implemented on condition of the following as the premise, a precondition is collectively described for confirmation.

  It is assumed that a transmission electrode array 1210 composed of eight transmission electrodes is arranged on the edge portion of the two-dimensional communication sheet 1220. Further, each output terminal of the oscillator 1200 is connected to each transmission electrode array 1210 fixed to the edge portion of the communication sheet 1220.

  In addition, the phase is changed at each output terminal of the oscillator 1200, and the electromagnetic wave is converged at a position 50 cm from the transmission electrode array 1210 in the two-dimensional communication sheet 1220. In addition, it is assumed that electromagnetic waves are output from each output terminal of the oscillator 1200 at a frequency of 2.4 W of 5 W.

  Further, among the edge portions of the communication sheet 1220, the reflection surface of the communication sheet 1220 other than the edge portion where the transmission electrode array 1210 is arranged has reduced reflection of electromagnetic waves at the edge portion. Therefore, termination processing was performed. Two power receiving connectors 1230 were used, and 15 rectifier circuits 1240 were used for each power receiving connector 1230 (that is, 30 rectifier circuits 1240 were used in total).

  Further, all the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 1240 are connected in parallel, a load 1250 (R (Ω)) is connected to the output terminal, and a voltage V (V) generated at both ends of the load 1250 (R (Ω)) is measured. The power consumption P (W) was calculated from there.

  As a result of measurement under the above conditions, a result as shown in FIG. 15 was obtained. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the power consumption at the load when the load is changed. That is, about 8 (W) of electric power was received and received as shown by the power consumption P in FIG. 15 for the input of electromagnetic waves corresponding to 5 (W) × 8 = 40 (W).

  In addition, the power receiving connector, the electromagnetic wave transmission medium, and the power transmission system according to the present invention are not limited to the description in each of the above-described embodiments, and the configuration thereof is appropriately changed within the obvious range, and the shape, material, member, and the like are changed. Can be used. More specifically, for example, each power receiving connector, electrode structure, configuration, structure, and the like in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the confirmation experiment described above are freely set according to each disclosed technical idea. They can be applied in combination, merged or simplified.

  Further, the first power receiving conductor and the second power receiving conductor of the power receiving connector exemplified in each embodiment or the like may be a mesh-like conductor or a flat solid conductor, and any shape within the scope of the disclosed technical idea, Material conductors can be used. Moreover, it does not prevent any other members from being appropriately included and interposed between the members used in the description of the above-described embodiment.

  In addition, since the plurality of relational expressions shown in each embodiment and the confirmation experiment are theoretical approximate calculations in an ideal analysis model or the like, in reality, the characteristic relations to the extent that the relational expressions are satisfied are about. As long as it has an effect due to the characteristic relationship.

(A) is a top view of an electromagnetic wave transmission medium, (b) is sectional drawing of an electromagnetic wave transmission medium. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the typical example of a receiving connector. It is typical sectional drawing comprised so that electric power might be taken out via an SMA connector. It is a figure which illustrates the variation about the shape of a receiving connector and arrangement | positioning of an electric power extraction part. It is a figure which illustrates notionally the relation between a receiving connector and a wave source of electromagnetic waves. It is a figure which illustrates typically the arrangement | positioning relationship of an electric power taking-out edge part. It is a figure which shows typically the example of arrangement | positioning at the time of arrange | positioning two or more power receiving connectors. It is a figure which shows typically the state which observed the electric power extraction part of the receiving connector from the end surface side. It is a figure which shows typically the state which observed the electric power extraction part of the receiving connector from the end surface side. It is a figure which shows typically about the case where the receiving dielectric material and dielectric material layer of 1st embodiment each have a some layer structure. It is a figure which shows the model of the electric power transmission system which propagates an electromagnetic wave to the x direction in the communication sheet of a structure. It is a figure which shows the simulation result about the change in the length direction of an electric field strength. It is a figure which shows the measurement system of an electric power transmission system. It is a schematic diagram which shows the single transmission electrode which comprises a transmission electrode array. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary about a power receiving connector. It is a figure which shows the result of a confirmation experiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between load and efficiency at the time of connecting a load to the rectifier circuit single-piece | unit.

Explanation of symbols

  100..Electromagnetic wave transmission medium, 110..First conductor layer, 120..Second conductor layer, 130..Dielectric layer, 140..Leaching area, 200..Power receiving connector, 210..Second power receiving Conductor, 220 .. Power receiving dielectric, 230 .. First power receiving conductor, 240 .. Power extraction end, 241 .. End face, 242 .. Power extraction, 250 .. Rectifier circuit, 260. 300... Power receiving connector, 310... Second power receiving conductor, 330... First power receiving conductor.

Claims (9)

A mesh-shaped first conductor layer; a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel opposite the first conductor layer; and the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. A power receiving device for extracting power from an electromagnetic wave transmission medium having a dielectric layer disposed therebetween,
A first power receiving conductor disposed parallel to the first conductor layer;
A power receiving dielectric provided between the first power receiving conductor and the first conductor layer;
A power extraction end disposed in a front side and in a non-parallel direction with respect to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium;
A second power receiving conductor provided at the power extraction end,
Provided on the end face of the power extraction end portion at intervals of about w so as to satisfy the relationship of the following formula (1) so that power can be extracted from the first power receiving conductor and the second power receiving conductor. A plurality of power extraction units provided,
A power receiving device.
w = (H1 / Z) (√ (μ1 / ε1)) (1)
However, the thickness of the power receiving dielectric is H1, the dielectric constant is ε1, the magnetic permeability is μ1, and the output impedance from the power extraction unit is Z. The power receiving device according to claim 1,
The first power receiving conductor has a length about half of L that satisfies the relationship of the following formula (2) on the rear side of the power extraction end portion with respect to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium. Having
A power receiving device.
However, k (i-1) and k (i-2) are wave numbers of electromagnetic wave modes (i-1) and (i-2), respectively. The power receiving device according to claim 1 or 2,
The power receiving dielectric material generally satisfies the relationship of the following formula (3), where the power receiving dielectric material has a thickness H1, a dielectric constant ε1, a dielectric layer thickness h, and a dielectric constant ε2. Power receiving device.
(Ε1 / ε2) = (H1 / h) (3) The power receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The dielectric constant of the said dielectric material layer and the dielectric constant of the said receiving power dielectric material are comparable, The electric power receiving apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The power receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The thickness of the said dielectric material layer and the thickness of the said power receiving dielectric material are comparable, The power receiving apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The power receiving device according to claim 3,
The electromagnetic wave transmission medium includes a second dielectric layer between the first conductor layer and the power receiving dielectric,
When the thickness of the power receiving dielectric is H1, the dielectric constant is ε11, the thickness of the dielectric layer is h, the dielectric constant is ε2, the thickness of the second dielectric layer is H2, and the dielectric constant is ε12, A power receiving device characterized by satisfying (4) in general.
(H1 / ε11) + (H2 / ε12) = (h / ε2) (4) A mesh-shaped first conductor layer; a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel opposite the first conductor layer; and the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. A power receiving device for extracting power from an electromagnetic wave transmission medium having a dielectric layer disposed therebetween,
A power receiving conductor disposed parallel to the first conductor layer;
A power receiving dielectric provided between the power receiving conductor and the first conductor layer;
A power extraction end disposed in a front side and in a non-parallel direction with respect to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave transmitted through the electromagnetic wave transmission medium. And having a length of about half of L so as to satisfy the relationship of the following formula (2) on the rear side of the power extraction end,
A power receiving device.
However, k (i-1) and k (i-2) are wave numbers of electromagnetic wave modes (i-1) and (i-2), respectively. A mesh-shaped first conductor layer; a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel opposite the first conductor layer; and the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. An electromagnetic wave transmission device having a dielectric layer disposed therebetween and transmitting electromagnetic waves;
A power transmission system comprising: the power receiving device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A mesh-shaped first conductor layer; a planar second conductor layer disposed in parallel opposite the first conductor layer; and the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer. An electromagnetic wave transmission medium having a dielectric layer disposed therebetween;
A power receiving conductor disposed parallel to the first conductor layer, and a power receiving dielectric provided between the power receiving conductor and the first conductor layer, and from the electromagnetic wave transmission medium In a power transmission system comprising a power receiving device that extracts power,
The dielectric layers are dielectric layers composed of m layers (m is a natural number and i is a natural number of 1 to m) each having a dielectric constant of ε2i and a height of hi.
The dielectrics including the power receiving dielectric between the first conductor layer and the power receiving conductor are each an n layer (n is a natural number and j is 1 to 1) having a dielectric constant of ε1j and a height of Hj. n is a natural number),
An electric power transmission system characterized by satisfying the following formula (5).