JP2010057430A - Threshing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a threshing machine having a blow fan capable of efficiently changing the blow volume by a simple structure and efficiently carrying out blow air adjustment corresponding to the state of fresh materials, etc. which produce a large amount of threshed straw and dust by adjusting the gap between the upper wall part of a fan case and blades of a rotating blade body. <P>SOLUTION: In the threshing machine 1, a swing sorting body 7 which receives threshing materials and subject them to swing sorting is provided below a treating room 2, and the blow fan 5 supplies sorting wind in the swing sorting direction of the swing sorting body 7 from a blowing opening 35 of the fan case 26 housing the rotation blade body 30. The upper wall part 32 of the fan case 26 that is in the blowing opening 35 side is provided so as to be vertically rotatable on a pivot shaft 41, which is positioned in the downstream side of the rotation direction of the rotation blade body 30. The gap between the upper wall part 32 and the blades 29 of the rotation blade body 30 is adjusted. Thus, the blow volume can be changed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a threshing machine that can be mounted on a combine or the like.

In general, a threshing machine mounted on a traveling machine such as a combiner is a grain spilled from a handling room or the like in a sorting air passage formed by a front blowing fan and a rear suction dusting fan. A swinging sorter that receives and sorts the cereal is provided so as to be swingable.
Conventionally, in such a threshing machine, a sorting wind adjusting structure for adjusting the amount of sorting air generated by a blower fan is provided with a slit for discharging air in a fan case of a blower fan (Kang), and a lid cover is provided on the slit. It is already known that the sorting air generated by the blower fan can be mechanically increased or decreased by providing it so that it can be opened and closed (for example, Patent Document 1).
Utility Kaihei 4-3538

When threshing a large amount of cereals, the threshing machine shown in Patent Document 1 operates with the lid closed to strengthen the sorting wind, and when the amount of cereals is small, the lid is opened to the side. Since the wind is weakened, it is possible to automatically increase / decrease the selected air volume according to the amount of cereal.
However, since the above-described sorting air adjustment structure is a method in which a slit for air discharge is opened in the fan case in the width direction in order to adjust the air volume, the air sucked into the fan case by the rotating blade body is used by a plurality of blades. Since it is intermittently and forcibly leaked from the slit, it has the disadvantage that it becomes unstable airflow with strong and weak intermittent pulsating flow and is supplied to the oscillating sorter, and the amount of airflow that requires sorting accuracy There is a problem that the increase / decrease adjustment becomes difficult because the amount of air leakage in the fan case is increased / decreased by adjusting the opening of the lid.

In order to achieve the above object, a threshing machine according to the present invention firstly includes a swing sorting body 7 that swings and sorts by receiving threshing below the handling chamber 2, and a fan case having a rotating blade body 30. In the threshing machine 1 provided with the blower fan 5 for supplying the sorting air in the swinging and sorting direction of the swing sorting body 7 from the blower opening 35 of the 26, the upper wall portion 32 on the side of the blower port 35 of the fan case 26 is A fulcrum shaft 41 positioned on the lower side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body 30 is provided so as to be rotatable up and down around the fulcrum, and the gap between the upper wall portion 32 and the blade 29 of the rotary blade body 30 is adjusted. The feature is that the air volume can be changed.
Secondly, the lower wall portion 33 of the fan case 26 on the air blowing port 35 side is provided so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction about a fulcrum shaft 41a that is positioned on the upper side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade 30. The air flow rate can be changed by adjusting the gap between the blade 33 and the blade 29, and the air flow rate is changed in conjunction with the rotation of the upper wall portion 32. Yes.

The threshing machine having the above-described configuration has the following effects. According to the invention of claim 1, since the gap between the upper wall portion of the fan case and the blade is adjusted with the fulcrum shaft as a fulcrum on the lower side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body, the air flow rate is reliably changed with a simple configuration. can do. In addition, it is possible to adjust the air flow according to the state of cereals with a large amount of debris generated during threshing with respect to the oscillating sorter, suppressing pulsation and stably in a rectified state, so that grains and debris can be reliably The separation of the wind to be separated can be performed with high accuracy, and the rocking sorting with reduced sorting load can be made smooth.
According to the invention of claim 2, the lower wall portion of the fan case is adjustable on the upper side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body by adjusting the gap between the blade and the fulcrum shaft as a fulcrum. Since the air volume is adjusted by interlocking the rotation of the upper part and the rotation of the upper wall part, the air volume is stably adjusted in a wider range while reducing the operation amount of the upper wall part and the lower wall part. be able to.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a threshing machine mounted on a harvesting machine 1a such as a combine harvester or a harvester. This threshing machine 1 has a feed chain 3 extending in the front-rear direction along the handling chamber 2, and a rotation of a handling cylinder 2 a that supports the cereals conveyed by the feed chain 3 on the front side plate and the rear side plate of the handling chamber 2. Threshing process by. Further, a processing chamber 4 formed by a processing cylinder and a processing net is connected to the rear side of the processing chamber 2, a blower fan 5 is installed below the processing chamber 2, and a suction dust exhaust fan is disposed at the rear side of the processing chamber 4. 6 is arranged. The blower fan 5 and the suction dust exhaust fan 6 form a sorting air passage communicating in the front-rear direction below the handling chamber 2 and the processing chamber 4, and the swinging sorter 7 is swung in the front-rear direction in the sorting air passage. It is installed as possible.

  With the above configuration, the threshing machine 1 sorts the cereal that has leaked through the receiving net 2b of the processing chamber 2 and the processing net of the processing chamber 4 by the sieve sorting and wind sorting of the swing sorter 7, and the straw is the most spiral. 8 is accommodated in the grain tank 8a, the unprocessed sort is reduced onto the swing sorter 7 via the second spiral 9, and the sorted waste is sucked out by the suction dust exhaust fan 6. Discharge. In addition, a No. 4 outlet 10 and a No. 4 funnel wall 11 for collecting the grains are provided at the rear of the handling chamber 2, and the drained waste is handed over from the feed chain 3 to the waste transporting device 12 and transferred to the rear. It is set as the structure processed by the waste disposal apparatus 12a, such as a cutter.

  And the threshing machine 1 has a glen pan 13 made of a non-perforated corrugated plate for positioning a swing sorter 7 having the same configuration as that of a conventional one and a plurality of sieve plates in the front-rear direction. Chaff sheaves 14 arranged in a row with coarse intervals and a grain filtration net 15 made of a crimp net for filtering the grains are provided in the upper, middle and lower stages. That is, the oscillating sorter 7 forms a first sorting air passage 16 between the Glen pan 13 and the chaff sheave 14, and forms a second sorting air passage 17 between the sorting chaff sheave 14 and the grain filtration net 15. The third sorting air passage 20 is formed between the grain filtration net 15, the first spiral 8, and the bottom plate 19 of the first spiral 8. The bottom plate 19 includes a flange portion 21 that is bent so as to be closest to the spiral 8, and a front bottom plate 22 and a rear bottom plate 23 that are integrally formed on the front and rear of the flange portion 21 with an upward inclination. As a result, the third sorting air passage 20 is formed above the first spiral 8, the front bottom plate 22, the rear bottom plate 23, and the like, so that the sorting air can be passed through the grain filtration net 15 and wind-sorted.

  The blower fan 5 forms a drum-shaped fan case 26 below the Glen pan 13 of the swinging sorter 7 between the left and right side walls 25, 25 of the threshing machine 1, and a rotating shaft 27 is formed at the center of the fan case 26. A rotating blade body 30 having a plate-shaped blade 29 provided radially is pivotally supported in the horizontal direction, and the rotation of the rotating blade body 30 in the direction of an arrow from an air inlet 31 formed in the left and right side walls 25 and 25 in the fan case 26. Thus, air (outside air) is sucked in, and this air is pumped and supplied from the air blowing port 35 formed between the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 of the fan case 26 to the swinging sorter 7 side.

  And each partition which the rocking | swiveling sorter 7 has is provided by providing the partition walls 36 and 37 which branch and guide the said air up and down between the side walls 25 and 25 between the ventilation opening 35 and the rocking | swiveling sorter 7. It communicates with the air path. That is, the partition wall 36 forms a first air passage 16 a communicating with the first sorting air passage 16 between the partition wall 36 and the upper wall portion 32, and the third sorting air passage between the partition wall 37 and the lower wall portion 33. A third air passage 20 a that communicates with the second air passage 20 is formed, and a second air passage 17 a that communicates with the second selected air passage 17 is formed between the air passage 20 and the partition wall 36.

In the above configuration, the blower fan 5 is configured with the blower adjustment structure 40 according to the present invention on the blower port 35 side, thereby changing the opening height (vertical width) of the blower port 35 to adjust the blower port area and each partition wall 36. 37, the amount of air blown to the swinging sorter 7 side is adjusted so that the wind sorting according to the condition of the cereal can be supplied.
That is, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the air flow adjusting structure 40 is pivotally supported so that the base portion of the upper wall portion 32 can turn to the lower side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body 30 (front of the upper apex portion of the fan case 26). By attaching the fulcrum shaft (mounting shaft) 41 to the fulcrum shaft 41 and rotating the fulcrum shaft 41 forward and backward by an adjusting mechanism 42 described later, the upper wall portion 32 is rotated up and down to bring it close to the rotation locus drawn by the tip of the blade 29. The gap formed between the two is adjusted in size, and the interval between the first air passages 16a formed between the partition walls 36 is changed.

As a result, when the upper wall portion 32 is moved from the solid standard air blowing position to the strong air blowing side indicated by the dotted line A by the operation of the adjusting mechanism 42, the upper wall portion 32 comes close to the rotation locus of the blade 29 and the tip portion is Since it moves downward and narrows the vertical width of the air blowing port 35, the air sucked from the air intake port 31 is prevented from generating turbulent flow in this portion by the gap, and is efficiently sent out in a rectified state, and is narrowed by the air blowing port 35 Thus, stable strong wind power can be supplied to the rocking sorter 7 without pulsation.
Thereby, when the rocking sorter 7 performs threshing of a large amount of cereals with much generation of wastes, threshing of wet materials and blue materials, the first air passage 16a, the second air passage 17a, and the third air passage 20a. , A stable strong wind in a rectified state is sent to the first selection air passage 16, the second selection air passage 17, and the third selection air passage 20, respectively, and the grains and scraps are appropriately selected by each of the selection air passages. Can be separated with high accuracy and the sorting load can be reduced.

Also, when the amount of cereal to be threshed is small, such as when cutting the corner portion of the field, etc., when the upper wall 32 is moved to the weak air blowing side indicated by the dotted line B by the operation of the adjustment mechanism 42, The upper wall portion 32 is separated from the rotation trajectory of the blades 29 and the tip portion is separated from the lower wall portion 33 to widen the vertical width of the air blowing port 35, so that the air sucked from the air intake port 31 is from the wide air blowing port 35. By becoming a diffusion state and generating a turbulent flow due to a large gap between the tip of the blade 29 and the upper wall portion 32, the blowing and sucking efficiency is lowered, and the blowing amount to the swinging sorter 7 side is reduced. It can be a weak wind.
As a result, the oscillating sorter 7 sorts out the cereals by a gentle wind without strongly sorting the wind, so that it is possible to efficiently perform sorting while preventing the grains from scattering.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper wall portion 32 is provided with an air passage guide 43 that rises upward and forms a first air passage 16a so as to be substantially parallel to the partition wall 36 at a tip portion curved downward. Yes. As a result, the air path guide that guides the air flow to the swinging sorter 7 side by the upper wall portion 32 can have a simple structure.
As shown in FIG. 4 above the air path guide 43, when the auxiliary air path guide 45 is provided, a flexible rubber-like closing plate 46 is attached to the tip of the auxiliary air path guide 45. It is desirable that the air passage guide 43 is brought into contact with the air passage guide 43.

Next, the ventilation control structure 40a of the lower wall part 33 is demonstrated with reference to the same figure. The base of the lower wall portion 33 is attached to a fulcrum shaft 41a pivotally supported on the upper side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body 30 (in front of the lower vertex of the fan case 26), and the fulcrum shaft 41a is attached to the adjusting mechanism 42. The lower wall portion 33 is rotated up and down by moving it in the forward and reverse directions by the same adjustment mechanism as in FIG. 5, and the distance from the rotation locus drawn by the tip of the blade 29 is changed, and the air flow rate is adjusted by changing the vertical width of the air blowing port 35. In addition, the interval of the third air passage 20a formed between the partition wall 37 and the partition wall 37 can be changed.
Further, the lower wall portion 33 of the illustrated example has a flat plate-like relay lower wall 49 connected to the front end portion via a connecting shaft 47 so as to be movable up and down. I support it.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the front bottom plate 22 in the embodiment forms a support plate portion 22 a by bending and extending the front end side toward the fan case 26, and a relay lower wall 49 is formed on the support plate portion 22 a. The tip of is placed. As a result, when the lower wall portion 33 moves up and down around the fulcrum shaft 41a, the relay lower wall 49 slides the tip portion along the support plate portion 22a when moving up and down via the connecting shaft 47, and from the blower port 35. The air to be sent is smoothly sent to the swing sorter 7 side without leaking.

  That is, when the lower wall 33 is moved from the standard air blowing position indicated by the solid line to the strong air blowing position side by the operation of the adjustment mechanism in the same manner as the operation of the upper wall 32, the lower wall 33 is moved to the blade 29. In order to reduce the gap between the two close to the rotation trajectory and the tip end close to the upper wall portion 32 and narrow the air blowing port 35, the sucked air is squeezed by the air blowing port 35 and oscillated as strong wind force. It can be supplied to the sorting body 7. Thereby, like the ventilation control structure 40 of the said upper wall part 32, the threshing of a large amount cereal with much generation | occurrence | production of waste, selection of a wetting material, a blue material, etc. can be performed favorably.

When the amount of cereals to be threshed is small as in the case of cutting the corner portion, etc., when the lower wall portion 33 is moved to the weak air blowing side indicated by the dotted line B by the operation of the adjustment mechanism, the lower wall portion 33 is While separating from the rotation locus | trajectory of the blade | wing 29, a front-end | tip part leaves | separates from the upper wall part 32, and the up-and-down width of the ventilation port 35 is made wide. As a result, the air sucked from the air intake port 31 is diffused from the wide air blowing port 35, and a turbulent flow is generated between the tip of the blade 29 and the lower wall portion 33. Reduce the amount of air blown to the moving sorter 7 side and make it a weak wind.
Therefore, since the rocking sorter 7 sorts the cereals with a gentle wind without strongly sorting the wind, it is possible to efficiently perform the sorting while preventing the grains from scattering.

  Next, the adjusting mechanism 42 will be described with reference to FIG. The adjustment mechanism 42 on the lower wall 33 side is provided with a similar configuration, and thus the description thereof is omitted. The adjusting mechanism 42 in the illustrated example is provided with a fan-shaped gear 50 on one side of a fulcrum shaft 41 provided at the base of the upper wall portion 32, and a driving gear 52 included in the motor 51 attached to and supported on the outside of the fan case 26. As a result, the upper wall portion 32 is rotated up and down via the drive gear 52, the gear 50, and the fulcrum shaft 41 based on forward and reverse rotation of the motor 51.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the adjusting mechanism 42 of the embodiment has, for example, a dial-type operation member 55 having a potentiometer 55a shown in FIG. 5 installed on the operation panel unit 54 of the operation unit 53, and the operation member 55 and the motor. 3 and a potentiometer 56 provided at the end of the fulcrum shaft 41 in FIG. 3 for detecting the amount of rotation of the upper wall 32 is connected to a microcomputer 57 as shown in FIG.
Moreover, the upper wall part 32 and the lower wall part 33 are made into the structure linked | linked so that a mutual ventilation adjustment may be performed simultaneously by the adjustment mechanism 42 which has the same rotation control structure.

  In the threshing machine 1 configured as described above, when the operation member 55 is operated to the standard air blowing side during the combine operation, each motor 51 positions and holds the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 at the solid line positions shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to supply air suitable for rocking and sorting the standard cereals to the rocking sorter 7 in combination with the suction action of the suction dusting fan 6, and threshing the standard cereals. It is possible to properly select the cereal crops that are produced during the process.

In addition, when cutting and threshing cereal grains with a large amount of waste, when the operation member 55 is operated to the strong air blowing side, the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 are close to the blades 29 at positions set in conjunction with each other. However, as indicated by a dotted line A, the gap between the two is reduced and the vertical width of the air blowing port 35 is held at a narrowed position.
As a result, the blower fan 5 supplies the air sucked from the intake port 31 to each sorting air passage of the oscillating sorter 7 in a rectified state from the blower port 35 in a rectified state. Grains can be reliably separated and collected from scraps. In addition, since the wastes are discharged smoothly from the swinging sorter 7 to the suction dusting fan 6, the sorting precision of the swinging sorter 7 is increased without increasing the amount of dust reduction. In addition to improving, it reduces the sorting load and enables highly efficient combine work.

  Further, the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 of the fan case 26 are interlocked with each other so as to adjust the gap between the vane 29 with the fulcrum shafts 41 and 41a as fulcrums by the operation of the operation member 55. Since the amount of air flow is adjusted, the amount of rotation of the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 can be reduced to about half as compared with the case where the air amount is adjusted only by the upper wall portion 32. Therefore, there is an advantage that the installation of the air blowing adjustment structures 40 and 40a with respect to the air blowing fan 5 can be compactly installed in a space-saving manner, and the air flow rate can be adjusted accurately and stably over a wide range. is there.

  In the embodiment, the example in which the operation of the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 is performed by electric means is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be performed mechanically or artificially. The actuator that operates the upper wall portion 32 and the lower wall portion 33 can be performed by a hydraulic cylinder, a screw, a cam mechanism, or the like in addition to the motor.

It is a top view of a combine carrying a threshing machine to which the present invention is applied. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the threshing machine of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the ventilation fan of the threshing machine of FIG. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the ventilation fan of FIG. It is a top view which shows the form of an operation member. It is a block diagram of a rotation control device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thresher 2 Handling chamber 5 Blower fan 6 Suction dusting fan 7 Oscillating sorter 26 Fan case 29 Blade 30 Rotating blade body 32 Upper wall portion 33 Lower wall portion 35 Blower port 41 Support point shaft 55 Operation member

Claims (2)

  From the blower port (35) of the fan case (26) which is provided with the swinging sorter (7) which receives the cereal and swings and sorts below the handling chamber (2), and which houses the rotary blade body (30), In the threshing machine (1) provided with the blower fan (5) for supplying the sorting wind in the swing sorting direction of the swing sorting body (7), the upper wall portion of the fan case (26) side on the blower opening (35) side The fulcrum shaft (41) for positioning (32) on the lower side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body (30) is provided so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and the upper wall portion (32) and the rotary blade body (30). A threshing machine characterized in that the amount of blown air can be changed by adjusting the gap with the blade (29).   The fan case (26) has a lower wall portion (33) on the blower port (35) side that is positioned on the upper side in the rotational direction of the rotary blade body (30). The air volume can be changed by adjusting the gap between the lower wall portion (33) and the blade (29), and the lower wall portion (33) can be rotated by rotating the upper wall portion (32). The threshing machine according to claim 1, wherein the air flow is changed in conjunction with the threshing machine.

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