JP2010053496A - Fabric having thermal insulating property - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fabric suitable as a material for clothes worn during an outdoor activity in the summer season, and having a heat-shielding property, and stretchability. <P>SOLUTION: A weft knitted fabric of a two-layer structure exposes right-side stitches on both the right side and back side of the knitted fabric. A yarn forming the right side layer 1 is tucked 12 spaced at an interval of 4-8 stitches in the course direction, and knitted together with stitches of the back side layer 2. The tucks 12 are formed at an interval of 3-6 courses in the wale direction. The back side layer 2 has stitches 21 and float stitches 22, and the right side layer 1 and back side layer 2 are tied only with the tucks 12 scattered apart at an interval between the layers. In the other parts, the right side layer and the back side layer are not connected, and the float stitches 22 of the back side layer 2 are disposed between stitches 11 of the right side layer 1 and the stitches 21 of the back side layer 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat-insulating fabric, and more particularly to a fabric suitable for sportswear and gymnastics worn during outdoor activities in summer.

  It is generally considered that “the heat source of heat stroke is direct sunlight” during outdoor summer activities. However, the present inventors derived from direct solar radiation and ground radiation, and the amount of heat energy flowing into the body is almost the same on artificial turf and concrete pavement in summer, considering the respective exposed areas. I found out that That is, in sports and work under solar radiation in the summer, radiant heat twice as much as conventionally assumed (solar radiant heat) flows into the body.

  Technology to prevent direct sunlight has been nurtured with hats and parasols, but no such countermeasures have been developed for ground radiation that humankind has not assumed. Therefore, the provision of clothing based on the basic principle of shielding the ground radiation heat has not been conventionally performed.

  As mentioned above, during exercising, working and walking under the direct sunlight, solar radiant heat and ground radiation flow into the body, so even if you wear clothes with good thermal ventilation or moisture absorption, If the same state continues, the heat dissipation by convection reaches the physical maximum value (saturated state) in the environment. Therefore, the method of protecting the far-infrared rays of the ground radiation is also a heat stroke prevention measure and can improve the comfort of clothes. Applying this technique to clothes is also effective against direct sunlight.

  Conventionally, work clothes have been provided with dedicated work clothes that work near a radiant heat source. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-45113 (Patent Document 1) discloses a heat-resistant protective clothing provided with a special heat dissipating means, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-519861 (Patent Document 2) describes what an aramid material is. Fire clothes that are layered are also disclosed. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-284802 (Patent Document 3) discloses a heat-resistant protective garment in which an infrared reflective film in which a metal vapor-deposited layer is formed on a polyamide film is bonded to a cloth fabric. However, all of these clothes are bulky, have no elasticity, and are not suitable for sportswear.

  Conventional sportswear and men's suits all use body cooling by ventilation and moisture permeability. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-23439 (Patent Document 4) discloses a warp knitted fabric for sports clothes. This warp knitted fabric is obtained by connecting a surface structure having an opening and a lining structure having an opening with a connecting yarn while shifting the positions of the openings. By providing the opening, air permeability is provided, and by shifting the position of the opening, a portion that directly receives sunlight is reduced to reduce sunburn due to sunlight transmission.

  Japanese Patent No. 2992356 (Patent Document 5) discloses a double knit knitting suitable for sportswear. In this knitted fabric, the bonding layer and the back surface layer are knitted with fibers holding inorganic compounds that reflect visible light and near infrared rays, and the surface layer is knitted with fibers substantially free of such inorganic compounds. . Then, the surface layer transmits visible light and near-infrared light to reach the binding layer and the back layer side, and using the thermal energy, the sweat absorbed in the back layer is dried, and the binding layer and the back surface Reflected by layers.

  In the above-mentioned Patent Documents 4 and 5, only direct sunlight is considered as a problem, and ground radiation (far infrared rays emitted from the ground (including artificial turf, concrete, etc.) becomes high temperature). Measures against radiant heat due to are not taken. In the warp knitted fabrics or double knit fabrics of Patent Documents 4 and 5, the surface layer (outer surface texture) and the back surface layer (backing texture) are intimately integrated by the binding layer (connecting yarn). If the surface layer (surface structure) of the knit fabric becomes high temperature by radiant heat, the temperature of the back surface layer (lining structure) also becomes high due to heat conduction. Even if heat energy is consumed for drying sweat as in Patent Document 5, there is a limit.

Traditionally, white dresses (Dish Dasha) worn by Arabians, who are desert people, are thought to have taken measures against heat radiated from the ground, but they have not been properly evaluated. The female abaya has the same design but is black, so far-infrared rays are efficiently converted to heat on the surface of the clothes, but because the space between the body surface and clothes is large, heat conduction is less likely to occur. it is conceivable that. However, such dish dasha and abaya are completely unsuitable as sportswear.
JP 2000-45113 A Special table 2001-519861 gazette JP 2007-284802 A JP 2007-23439 A Japanese Patent No. 2992356

  Generally speaking, “high comfort” refers to clothes with good ventilation, but body cooling by sweating or convection reaches the physical maximum (saturated state) in outdoor activities under direct sunlight in summer. Therefore, no matter how high-performance fabrics are used, there is no improvement, and even bareness is meaningless. In such cases, the best protection and comfort improvement is to prevent intruding heat.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fabric that is suitable as a material for clothes worn during outdoor activities in summer, has a heat shielding property, and is stretchable.

  The present invention is a weft knitted fabric having a two-layer structure in which front and back surfaces of the knitted fabric appear, and the yarn forming the surface layer is tucked at intervals of 4 to 8 stitches in the course direction to form a back layer stitch The tuck is formed every 3 to 6 courses in the wale direction, and the back layer is composed of stitches and floating knitting, and the surface layer and the back layer are interspersed at intervals with the tuck. In other portions, the surface layer and the back layer are not connected to each other, and the floating layer of the back layer is disposed between the surface layer and the back layer. The object is achieved by a fabric having a heat shielding property.

  In the present invention, the front and back surfaces are referred to as a front layer and a back layer in order to distinguish the two surfaces of the fabric. However, when making a garment, it may or may not coincide with the front and back of the garment. Good. Further, since the tucked portions are scattered like a pattern in a depressed state, it is more effective to design the surface as the surface layer in the present invention even in the clothing.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the thread | yarn which comprises a fabric contains the titanium oxide.

  The back layer consists of a half knitting with alternating stitches and floating knitting where every other knitting needle is knitted as a non-operating position. It is preferable to consist of a combination with a course knitted with all knitting needles.

  According to the present invention, it is a weft knitted fabric having a two-layer structure in which front and rear surfaces appear on both sides of the knitted fabric, but basically the stitches constituting the surface layer and the stitches constituting the back layer are separated. They are merely connected by tacks formed every 3 to 6 courses in the wale direction with an interval of 4 to 8 in the course direction. Since the back layer floating knitting is arranged between the front layer stitch and the back layer stitch, an air layer is formed between the front layer and the back layer. Therefore, even if the surface layer is warmed and heated by direct sunlight or radiant heat (far infrared rays) from the ground, the heat of the surface layer is blocked by the air layer and is not easily transmitted to the back layer.

  Moreover, the tucked portion appears to have a large stitch on the surface layer, but it is not as large as the opening of Patent Document 4, and the number of tacks per unit area is small, and the tucked portion is The corresponding back layer stitches do not become large, so no external hot air flows in, and no visible, near-infrared, or far-infrared rays enter directly from the tucked area. In addition, since the surface area is increased by the tack, it is possible to promote the diffusion of water vapor derived from sweat and moderate the temperature rise inside the clothes.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, when the surface layer and the back layer are knitted using yarns containing titanium oxide as yarns constituting the fabric, not only ultraviolet rays but also visible light, near infrared rays, and far infrared rays are formed by titanium oxide. It can be efficiently reflected and shielded. Therefore, an increase in the surface temperature of the fabric due to these near infrared rays and far infrared rays can be suppressed.

  In the present invention, at the time of knitting the back layer, every other knitting needle is knitted in the inoperative position to form a half knit in which the stitches and the floating knitting alternate, and in the next course, the knitting needle that was the previous inoperative position is operated. By setting the knitting needle at the previous operating position as the non-operating position and shifting the knitting position, the half knitting is performed for one course of all knitting needles, and then the combination with the course knitted with all the knitting needles. It is preferable. In this way, a large number of floating knitting are formed, and a sufficiently large air layer is formed between the stitches of the surface layer and the stitches of the back layer, and the heat shielding effect is good. Further, since the fabric has a thickness, even a white fabric is not transparent.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to use a yarn having a single yarn fineness similar to that conventionally used for gymnastics, and thereby achieve a general performance equivalent to the fabric used for current gymnastics. The fabric has a far-infrared shielding ability.

  By wearing the clothes made of the fabric of the present invention, it becomes possible to delay physical exhaustion due to high body temperature during outdoor sports and other physical activities in summer, thereby reducing the risk of heat stroke and endurance competition It is possible to keep the power high.

  Since the fabric of the present invention has characteristics such as heat insulation, stretchability, strength and light weight, sportswear for preventing heat stroke (especially for summer marathon races and soccer stadiums used in artificial turf ground, baseball) Not only for automobile / motorcycle / bicycle race drivers, mechanics, for watching games and for mountaineering), but also for outdoor work clothes for summer, clothes for people with heatstroke (children's clothes, elderly clothes), and people who are active in Heat Island It can be applied to various clothes that are widely used in environments where ordinary people are active, such as men's clothing.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  The fabric of the present invention is a weft knitted fabric having a two-layer structure in which front and rear surfaces of the knitted fabric appear, and can be knitted by a double needle bed circular knitting machine or a V bed flat knitting machine.

  FIG. 1 shows a flat stitch, (a) shows a flat stitch, and (b) shows the stitch shown in (a) from the back side, showing the flat stitch back. Yes. The stitch along the yarn feeding direction is called a course, and the stitch seen along the direction in which the knitting needles are planted is called a wale. In FIG. 1A, the course direction is indicated by a symbol C and an arrow, and the wale direction is indicated by a symbol W and an arrow.

  The stitches shown in FIG. 1 are basic stitches, and the stitches shown in FIG. 1A appear on both the front and back surfaces (surfaces visible from the outside) of the fabric of the present invention, and FIG. ) Appears inside the fabric in the thickness direction.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the course direction of the fabric of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the fabric A of the present invention is composed of a surface layer 1 and a back layer 2, and the surface shown in FIG. Similarly, the front surface 20 of the back layer 2 seen from the direction of the arrow N can be seen as a whole as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the knitting yarn constituting the surface layer 1 forms a stitch 11, and is knitted with a stitch 21 for knitting the back layer 2 in some places and knitted together with the stitch 21 of the back layer 2. Form. The knitting yarn constituting the back layer 2 forms a stitch 21 and a floating knitting 22. The floating knitting 22 is formed between the stitch 11 of the surface layer 1 and the stitch 21 of the back layer 2.

  The tacks 12 are formed in every 3 to 6 courses in the wale direction at intervals of 4 to 8 in the course direction, and are scattered in the fabric A. As shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer 1 and the back layer 2 are connected only by the tacks 12 that are scattered at intervals, and the stitches 11 of the surface layer 1 and the stitches 21 of the back layer 2 due to the presence of the floating knitting 22. And will not be in close contact.

  The knitting yarn used for knitting the fabric A of the present invention may be a false twisted polyester filament yarn or acrylic yarn conventionally used as a knitting yarn, but a yarn containing titanium oxide (full dull yarn) is preferred. The higher the titanium oxide content, the higher the heat shielding effect. However, when dyed black, even the yarn containing titanium oxide increased heat absorption by black, and the heat shielding effect decreased. Therefore, when dyeing, it is preferable to make the color white or light.

  The thickness of the yarn varies depending on the knitting machine to be used. In the case of a circular knitted fabric, an example of the relationship between the gauge and the yarn usage is as follows.

18 gauge: 167 dtex / 48f and 220 dtex / 48f
20 gauge: 167 dtex / 48f
22 gauge: 110 dtex / 48f and 167 dtex / 48f
24 gauge: 110 dtex / 24f
26 gauge: 84 dtex / 36f and 110 dtex / 24f
28 gauge: 84 dtex / 36f
32 gauge: 56 dtex / 24f
In the above description, the symbol f represents the number of filaments. As described above, the knitting yarn used in the present invention has a single yarn fineness (thickness of one filament) of 2 dtex or more and is not too thin, so that it is difficult to cause pilling, snacking, wear, etc. It has sufficient characteristics to be applied to clothing.

In addition, such a yarn Tsukai of the knitted fabric at a basis weight (weight) ^{300g / m 2 ~100g / m 2} , is lightweight, and since there is a moderate thickness as the fabric, are suitable for sportswear.

The knitting method of one embodiment of the fabric of the present invention will be described below. A dial cylinder circular knitting machine was knitted according to the knitting diagram shown in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the surface layer 1 is knitted with the dial needle D, and the back layer 2 is knitted with the cylinder needle S. In FIG. 3, the dial needle D and the cylinder needle S are shown as a pair, the upper side of each pair is the dial needle D, the lower side is the cylinder needle S, and each knitting needle is indicated by a short line. The positional relationship between the dial needle D and the cylinder needle S is a rubber knitting encounter (the position of the needle is shifted).
Reference signs F1, F2,... F16 indicate yarn feeding for each course knitting.

  The yarn used was 84 dtex / 36 f of a polyester false twisted yarn containing titanium oxide, and the needle gauge was 28 gauge.

  The yarn is fed to the dial needle D by the yarn feeding F1, but after the yarn is fed to the four knitting needles, the yarn is put on the cylinder needle S and then fed to the adjacent dial needle D again. This is repeated and the knitting needle is operated to perform knitting to form the stitch 11. The knitting yarn portion hung on the cylinder needle S remains as it is.

  The knitting yarn is fed to the cylinder needle S by the yarn feeding F2. At this time, every other knitting needle is set to the non-operating position (welt position or mistake), and the remaining knitting needles are fed to perform knitting. The cylinder needle S on which the knitting yarn portion is hung by the yarn supply of F1 is in the inoperative position. Thus, by the half knit knitted with half the knitting needles of all the needles, the stitches 21 and the floating knitting (floating yarn) 22 at the position of the needle at the non-operating position are alternately formed.

  Next, the knitting yarn is supplied to the cylinder needle S with the yarn supply F3. In this case, in the F2 yarn feeding, the needle that has performed the knitting movement is set to the non-operation position, and the stitch is knitted with the needle at the non-operation position. That is, the knitting position is shifted from the time of knitting of the previous course, and half knit in which the stitches 21 and the floating knitting 22 are alternately performed is performed. At this time, the knitting yarn portion 12 hung on the cylinder needle S by F1 is knitted together with the stitch 21 to form the tack 12.

  In this way, by performing two courses of half knitting in which the knitting positions are shifted by the yarn supply F2 and the yarn supply F3, stitches for one course of all knitting needle knitting are formed, and the back side of all these stitches ( The floating knitting 21 is arranged on the back side.

  The yarn is fed to all the knitting needles of the dial needle D with the yarn feeding F4, and the stitches are knitted. However, unlike the case of the yarn feeding F1, tacking is not performed. The second course of the surface layer 1 is knitted by knitting the yarn supply F4.

  The yarn supply F5 is the same as the yarn supply F2, and a knitting yarn is supplied to the cylinder needle S and half-knit is performed. The yarn supply F6 is the same as the yarn supply F3, and a knitting yarn is supplied to the cylinder needle S for half-knit. The substantial second course of the back layer 2 is knitted by the yarn supply F5 and the yarn supply F6.

  The yarn supply F7 is the same as the yarn supply F4 and feeds all the knitting needles of the dial needle D to knit the stitches. The third course of the surface layer 1 is now knitted.

  The yarn feed F8 feeds all the knitting needles of the cylinder needle S to knit the stitches. The substantial third course of the back layer 2 is now knitted.

  The yarn supply F9 is in the same state as the yarn supply F1, but the yarn is hung on the cylinder needle S between two adjacent tacks 12 in the yarn supply F1 by shifting the position of the yarn on the cylinder needle S. The point is different.

  The yarn supply F10 to the yarn supply F16 is the same as the yarn supply F2 to the yarn supply F8 described above. The yarn laid on the cylinder needle S by the yarn supply F9 is knitted together with the yarn supply F11 to form a tack 12.

  In this way, the knitted fabric is made thick by half-knitting with the yarn feeds F2, F3, F5, F6, F10, F11, F13, and F14, and light transmission is prevented. In addition, the stitches were reduced by increasing the density by knitting all needles. This further prevents light transmission. Further, by making a tuck 12 with a small depression on the surface with the yarns F1 and F9, there was an effect of increasing the surface area of the knitted fabric and promoting the diffusion of water vapor derived from sweat to moderate the temperature rise inside the garment.

  4 to 6 are schematic organization diagrams in which the knitted fabric knitted on the basis of the knitting diagram of FIG. 3 is represented by stitches. FIG. 4 shows the surface layer 1 as viewed from the arrow M side in FIG. 2, and shows the one knitted with yarns F1, F4 and F7. The tack 12 is actually knitted into the back layer 2, but is drawn in an easy-to-understand manner in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows the back layer 2 as viewed from the arrow M side, and shows the one knitted with the yarn feeds F2, F3, F5, F6 and F8. Since the stitches 21 are viewed from the arrow M side, the stitches 21 appear on the back stitches shown in FIG. 1, and the yarn of the floating knitting 22 is positioned in front of the stitches 21 (that is, the side closer to the surface layer 1) in the state shown in FIG. is doing.

  FIG. 6 shows the surface layer 1 and the back layer 2 integrated together as viewed from the arrow M side in FIG. Since the knitting with the dial cylinder needle of the rubber encounter arrangement, the stitches 11 of the surface layer 1 and the stitches 21 of the back layer 2 are shifted, but in the actual fabric, the adjacent wales are not separated from each other, The back layer 2 cannot be seen from the surface layer 1 side, and similarly, the surface layer 1 cannot be seen from the back layer 2 side.

  FIG. 7 is a photomicrograph of the actual surface layer 1 of the embodiment described above. FIG. 8 is a photomicrograph of the actual back layer 2 of the above-described embodiment (viewed from the direction indicated by the arrow N in FIG. 2).

The fabric of the present invention, the fabric used in the current commercial gymnastics, and the commercially available high-performance fabric are assumed to be radiant heat (500 W / m ² ) equivalent to solar radiant heat, assuming sweating (underwear is wet). ) And a human body radiation thermometer disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-133067. As a result, 44% of the radiant heat was taken into the body in the current commercial gym clothes, but it was found that it can be reduced to about 16%, which is less than half of the commercial gym clothes, with a commercially available high-performance cloth. In the fabric of the present invention, this value was 10% or less.

  FIG. 9 is a knitting diagram similar to FIG. 3 showing another embodiment of the fabric of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment of FIG. 3 in that the tack 12 is formed with a gap in both the course direction and the wale direction. In FIG. 9, the tack 12 is formed by opening eight stitches in the course direction by yarns (feed yarns F1, F17) forming the surface layer 1, and is knitted together with the stitches of the yarns F3, F19 of the back layer 2. That is, the tack 12 is formed on the surface layer 1 every six courses in the wale direction.

  In the present invention, if the tuck 12 is too much in the fabric, the number of connected portions between the surface layer 1 and the back layer 2 is increased, that is, the number of heat conducting portions is increased, and the heat shielding effect is reduced. In addition, when the tack 12 is too small in the fabric, since there are few connecting portions between the surface layer 1 and the back layer 2, the load is applied to the tack 12 when the load on the surface layer 1 and the back layer 2 is shifted, and the tuck 12 is cut off. There is a fear. From the viewpoint of durability, it is not preferable that the tack 12 is too small.

A flat stitch is represented, (a) represents a plain stitch, and (b) is a view of the stitch shown in (a) from the back side, representing a flat stitch back. It is typical sectional drawing along the course direction of the fabric of this invention. It is a knitting diagram showing the knitting method of one embodiment of the fabric of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic organization chart showing the knitted fabric knitted on the basis of the knitting diagram of FIG. 3 with stitches, and is drawn with a gap between stitches for easy understanding. FIG. 4 shows the surface layer of FIG. What is seen from the arrow M side is shown. FIG. 5 is a schematic organization chart showing stitches of the knitted fabric based on the knitting diagram of FIG. 3, and is drawn with a gap between stitches for easy understanding. FIG. Is viewed from the arrow M side. FIG. 4 is a schematic organization chart showing the knitted fabric knitted based on the knitting diagram of FIG. 3 with stitches, and is drawn with a gap between the stitches and the stitches for easy understanding. It shows what was seen from the arrow M side of FIG. It is a microscope picture of the surface layer of the real thing of the Example shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a photomicrograph of the actual back layer shown in FIG. 7 (viewed from the direction indicated by arrow N in FIG. 2). It is a knitting diagram showing the knitting method of another embodiment of the fabric of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fabric surface layer 2 Fabric back layer 11 Surface layer stitch 12 Tack with surface layer yarn 21 Back layer stitch 22 Back layer floating knitting D Dial needle S Cylinder needle F1-F32 Feed yarn

Claims (3)

  It is a weft knitted fabric with a two-layer structure in which front and back surfaces of the knitted fabric appear, and the yarn forming the surface layer is tucked with 4-8 stitches in the course direction and knitted with the back layer stitches, The tack is formed every 3 to 6 courses in the wale direction, the back layer is composed of stitches and floating knitting, and the surface layer and the back layer are connected only by the tack scattered at intervals. In other parts, the surface layer and the back layer are not connected, and the floating layer of the back layer is disposed between the surface layer stitch and the back layer stitch. Fabric.   2. The fabric having heat insulating properties according to claim 1, wherein the yarn constituting the fabric contains titanium oxide.   The back layer is a course in which half knitting, in which knitting needles are alternately knitted at every other non-operating position, and half knitting, in which floating knitting alternates, is carried out for two courses by shifting the knitting position to make one knitting needle for one course. The fabric having heat shielding properties according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a combination with a course knitted with all knitting needles.

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