JP2010052819A - Packaging box - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a packaging material that reduces vibration and impact to which an article is subjected during transportation thereof, and prevents the article from being damaged. <P>SOLUTION: In a packaging box for storing the article, a cushioning portion 5 integrated with the packaging box 1 is provided on the upper and lower faces or either one of the packaging box 1, and a plurality of packaging boxes 1 storing the article are vertically stacked on a frame. In addition, the energy transmitting ratio of the packaging boxes 1 in each layer when a vibration test is conducted in such a manner that the frame is vertically vibrated with random wave defined by annex A in JIS Z0232:2004 is smaller than the energy transmitting ratio of the corresponding packaging boxes in each corresponding layer when the same vibration test is conducted on the packaging boxes without providing them with the cushioning portions 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a packaging box used for transportation of articles such as products and merchandise. More specifically, the present invention relates to a packaging box for reducing the vibration and impact received during transportation, preventing or reducing damage to the article, and maintaining good quality of the article.

  One of the basic functions required for packaging is to reduce vibrations and shocks caused by transportation and handling, and to prevent damage to the contents. In particular, articles such as electrical products, precision equipment, precision parts, fruits and vegetables are easily damaged by vibrations and impacts generated in the distribution process, and are also referred to as easily damaged articles. In shipment of these easily fragile articles, in order to prevent damage to the easily fragile articles, they are put in an external corrugated cardboard box and packed with a cushioning material. When more strict packaging is required, the article is covered with a foam cushioning material adapted to the shape and dimensions of the article, or the cushioning material is attached to the cardboard box. In addition, in consideration of the disposal property after transportation, packaging that improves buffering performance by devising the shape such as cutting and folding cardboard is also used without using cushioning material made of synthetic resin. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 or 2.)

JP 2007-131342 A JP 2001-97458 A

  The actual production, distribution, and storage of products and merchandise are generally handled in large quantities at once. Most of the forms of distribution are aggregates of cardboard boxes as cargo (hereinafter also referred to as collective packaging). It is. As a result, it is only the stage over the end user that it is treated as an individual package. In such collective package transport, individual packages are stacked and transported in a state where the collective packages are formed. Therefore, depending on the number of stacked stacks, the vibration energy received by the individual packages may be greater than the vibration of the platform of the transport truck. In some cases, the shock-absorbing design only for individual packaging cannot sufficiently reduce the vibration that occurs when using collective packaging, causing damage to the product. . In addition, considering the vibrations that occur in collective packaging, it would take a lot of time and effort to design, mold, and install the cushioning material to provide sufficient cushioning performance for individual packaging. There was a problem that increased. However, the conventional packaging technology is limited to the method of adding cushioning for individual packaging, providing cushioning for exterior packaging materials such as cardboard boxes, and buffering as an aggregate of cardboard boxes. There was no way of demonstrating.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a packaging material that reduces vibrations and impacts received during transportation of an article and prevents damage to the article. Specifically, when individual packages containing articles are stacked and transported by truck as a collective package, the vibration received by each individual package is reduced, and damage to the articles is prevented, and the buffer required for individual packages is reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a packaging box that can save material and can be simplified.

  As a result of investigating damage during transportation of a vulnerable article, the present inventor found that much of the article damage is caused by accumulation of stresses such as vibration and impact, and that many of the material destructions are caused by fatigue fractures. The SN curve (fatigue damage curve) indicating the relationship between the strength of vibration and the number of times until the article is damaged in the vibration test in which the transportation is reproduced can be obtained. As a result, it has been found that it is effective to reduce the strength of vibration and to reduce the number of strong vibrations in order to prevent the article from being damaged. Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to prevent damage during transportation of the article, the present inventor has provided a buffer portion for reducing the spring constant in the cardboard box containing the article, and the cardboard boxes are stacked vertically. In the case of collective packaging, if the transmission of the vibration energy of the loading platform during truck transportation to the cardboard box is less than that of the conventional cardboard box, the vibration of the stacked cardboard boxes is reduced, and the damage of the goods is prevented. As a result, the present invention has been completed. That is, the packaging box according to the present invention is a packaging box for storing articles, and a buffer portion integrated with the packaging box is provided on the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the packaging box, A plurality of packaging boxes containing articles are stacked vertically on a gantry, and each stage when a vibration test is performed in which the gantry is vibrated vertically with a random wave specified in JIS Z0232: 2004, Appendix A. The energy transfer rate of the packaging box is smaller than the energy transfer rate of each corresponding packaging box when the vibration test is performed on the packaging box not provided with the buffer portion. And

  In the packaging box according to the present invention, the energy transfer rate in each stage is 90% of the energy transfer rate in each corresponding stage of the packaging box in which the buffer portion integrated with the packaging box is not provided. The following is preferable. Depending on the vibration conditions at the time of transporting the truck, the boxes stacked in the upper stage resonate and are amplified more than the vibration of the loading platform, but if the energy transfer rate is 90% or less of the conventional packaging box, The damage is remarkably reduced and the saving effect of the cushioning packaging material is great.

  It is preferable that the packaging box according to the present invention is a cardboard box, and that the buffer portion integrated with the packaging box is a part of the cardboard box. There is no need to attach the buffer portion to the cardboard box, and since it is the same material as the cardboard box, there is an advantage that it is easy to discard.

  The packaging box according to the present invention can greatly reduce the vibration and impact received during transportation of vulnerable products such as electrical products, precision equipment, fruits and vegetables, and prevent the occurrence of damage. In particular, when packing boxes for individual packaging containing goods are stacked and transported by truck as a collective packaging, it is possible to suppress the vibration of the loading platform from being amplified and transmitted to the individual packaging of each stage, so that individual packaging can be used. The required cushioning material can be saved and can be simplified, damage during transportation of the article can be prevented, and good quality can be maintained.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments. The embodiments described below are examples of the configuration of the present invention, and the present invention is not construed as being limited to these descriptions. As long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, the embodiment may be variously modified.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a packaging box according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the packaging box 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a buffer portion 5 is provided on the lower surface of the packaging box body 3, and the buffer portion 5 is integrated with the packaging box 1. The packaging box 1 is a box that is used as an individual packaging for transporting goods. In this embodiment, a cardboard box is used, but instead of a cardboard box, it is made of paperboard, plastic, wood, or metal. A box may be used. Further, the packaging box 1 may be a secondary packaging that stores a plurality of primary packagings that store small articles such as small products and fruits and vegetables.

  The buffer portion 5 has a spring constant smaller than that of the packaging box body 3 and is formed by bending the packaging box body 3 in the embodiment shown in FIG. It may be prepared separately from the main body 3 and attached to the packaging box main body 3 by means of adhesion, insertion, stapling or the like, and may be integrated. Note that the spring constant of the cardboard box used as the packaging box body 3 in this embodiment has nonlinear characteristics in which the spring constant increases rapidly when the load increases to such an extent that the cardboard is crushed. In the embodiment, the term “spring constant” refers to a spring constant under the condition of a load applied to the lowermost packaging box 1 when the packaging boxes 1 are stacked to form collective packaging. The material of the buffer portion 5 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having a small spring constant and a buffer function against vibration and impact even under a predetermined load condition. For example, an elastic body such as expanded polystyrene or elastomer Further, it is possible to use a material obtained by bending a plastic sheet, a paperboard, or a corrugated cardboard sheet. The cushioning portion 5 may be formed by cutting or bending a part of the packaging box body 3, and in particular, when the packaging box body 3 is a cardboard box, The part is preferably the buffer part 5. The buffer portion 5 formed by bending a corrugated cardboard sheet is preferable because it easily provides a buffer function and has advantages in terms of discardability and reuse.

  The shape of the buffer portion 5 may be any shape that reduces the spring constant of the packaging box body 3. Specifically, the buffer portion 5 has a leaf spring-like structure by folding cardboard or paperboard, or a shape in which the cardboard is rounded. Can be mentioned. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the buffer part 5 is provided in the lower surface of the packaging box main body 3, it may be provided in the upper surface and the buffer part 5 may be provided in both the upper surface and the lower surface. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), when the packaging box 1 has an upper lid, a buffer portion 5 in which a part of the upper lid is bent may be provided.

By providing the buffer portion 5, the spring constant of the packaging box 1 becomes smaller than the spring constant of the packaging box body 3 in which the buffer portion 5 is not provided. The buffer portion 5 exhibits a buffer function when the packaging box 1 containing the articles is stacked on the loading platform of the transport truck. That is, a plurality of packaging boxes 1 containing articles are stacked vertically on a gantry, and an appendix A “(Reference) Acceleration Power Spectral Density” (hereinafter, JIS Z0232) of JIS Z0232: 2004 “Packaging Cargo-Vibration Test Method”. There is no buffer portion 5 that houses an article having the same energy transfer rate when the vibration test is performed by oscillating the frame vertically with the acceleration power spectral density specified in Appendix A). It is smaller than the energy transfer rate of each packaging box when the vibration test is performed on the packaging box body 3. When the energy transfer rate in the packaging box 1 containing the articles is equal to or higher than the energy transfer rate of the packaging box body 3 in which the conventional buffer portion 5 containing the same articles is not provided, the vibration of the loading platform in truck transportation Is further amplified, damage to the article is not reduced, and conversely, damage may increase. In this embodiment, a vibration test in which five packaging boxes 1 containing articles are vertically stacked on a frame of a vibration tester, and the frame is vibrated vertically at an acceleration power spectral density defined in JIS Z0232 appendix A. The energy transfer rate of the packaging box 1 at each stage was measured. The energy transfer rate is the ratio of the effective acceleration value generated in the packaging box 1 of each stage to the effective acceleration value (RMS: root mean square, m / s ² ) of the input energy of vibration applied to the gantry in the vibration test. . Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the energy transfer rate when the vibration test is performed to vibrate the gantry vertically with the acceleration power spectral density defined in JIS Z0232 Appendix A is simply referred to as “energy transfer rate”. FIG. 3 shows a physical model in which the stacked packaging boxes 1 are simplified by the mass M of the packaging box 1 and the spring constant k. The spring constant k of the packaging box 1 is smaller than the spring constant of the packaging box main body 3 due to the buffer portion 5, but it is necessary to have no resonance point with respect to the frequency of vibration generated in truck transportation. . That is, a vibration test is performed in which the gantry is vibrated vertically at the acceleration power spectral density specified in JIS Z0232 Appendix A, and the energy transfer rate of the packaging box 1 at each stage is not provided with the buffer portion 5. It is smaller than the energy transfer rate of each corresponding stage when the same vibration test is performed on the packaging box body 3.

  The acceleration power spectral density specified in JIS Z0232 Annex A is a frequency distribution condition for a random vibration test that can be used to simulate a general transportation (mainly road) environment. In this embodiment, as a result of stacking five packaging boxes 1 containing articles vertically and conducting a vibration test, the packaging boxes 1 at each stage are greatly amplified with respect to the acceleration effective value given to the gantry. None of the effective acceleration values generated in the packaging boxes 1 at each stage greatly exceeded the effective acceleration values given to the gantry. As a result, even in trucking, there is less risk of excessive acceleration occurring in the packaging box 1 that is stacked and in a collective packaging state, and damage to the articles can be reduced. Further, in the packaging box 1 according to the present embodiment, the energy transfer rate of each step is 90% or less of the energy transfer rate of each corresponding step of the conventional packaging box body 3 in which the buffer portion 5 is not provided. And more preferably 80% or less. When the energy transfer rate is higher than 90% of the energy transfer rate of the conventional packaging box body 3, depending on the vibration conditions in truck transportation, the packaging box stacked in the upper stage is considerably more than the vibration of the gantry due to resonance. There is a possibility that it may be amplified to a high effective acceleration value. If the energy transfer rate is 90% or less of the energy transfer rate of the conventional packaging box body 3, it is easy to reduce the packaging material for cushioning.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

(Creation of packaging)
As shown in FIG. 4, a pack 2 containing strawberries (strawberry 0.3 kg, pack packaging material PP, dimensions 112 mm long × 162 mm wide × 70 mm deep) is stacked in 5 layers, 4 packs each in a cardboard box (rengo) Made by company, material front and back liner 180g / m2, center core 120g / m2, dimensions length 335mm x width 235mm x depth 400mm, spring constant 110000N / m at load 240N), shape shown in Fig. 3 (a) The top (top and bottom liner 180g / m2, center core 120g / m2, dimensions 335mm x 235mm, the buffer structure is bent, spring constant 80000N / m at 240N load) Example 1 was prepared by preparing a packaging box 1 containing a strawberry-containing pack provided in the upper opening of the cardboard box. The mass of the packaging box 1 containing the strawberry pack is 6 kg. As Comparative Example 1, a conventional packaging box in which the buffer portion 5 was not provided was prepared using the same cardboard box and strawberry pack (mass 6 kg, spring constant 110000 N / m).

(Vibration test)
5 boxes of packaging boxes are stacked vertically on the base of a vibration tester (IMV, electrodynamic vibration tester), and the base is placed vertically with the acceleration power spectral density specified in JIS Z0232 Appendix A. A vibration test was performed, and the energy transfer rate of the packaging box 1 at each stage was measured. Note that an acceleration sensor (model VP-4132, manufactured by IMV) was attached to each stage of the packaging box 1 to measure the acceleration. The effective acceleration value was 0.98 m / s ² RMS (0.1 GRMS). As a result of the vibration test, in the packaging box 1 of Example 1, the energy transfer rates of all the packaging boxes 1 of 1 to 5 levels are higher than the energy transfer rates of the corresponding stages of the packaging box of Comparative Example 1. Was also getting smaller. Table 1 shows the energy transfer rates of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

(Transport test)
The packaging boxes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were put into a collective packaging state, loaded on a transportation truck, and subjected to a transportation test to compare the degree of damage to strawberries. The number of stacking boxes in the packaging box is 5, and the transport truck (made by Hino Motors, model profia, loading capacity 25t) is packed with strawberry packaging other than the test item (6t), and after running 1000km, The extent of damage was observed.

(result)
In Comparative Example 1, although slight damage was observed in part, although the commercial value was not reduced, in Example 1, no damage was observed in all the packaging boxes.

The schematic side view of the packaging box which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown. The schematic side view which shows the example of the buffer part which concerns on embodiment of this invention is shown. The physical model when the packaging box which concerns on embodiment of this invention is piled up is shown. The schematic side view of the packaging box which concerns on the Example of this invention is shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Packing box 2 Pack with strawberries 3 Packing box body 5 Buffer part 9 Mounting base M Weight of packaging box k Spring constant of packaging box

Claims (3)

In a packaging box for storing goods,
On the upper surface and / or lower surface of the packaging box,
A buffer part integrated with the packaging box is provided,
A plurality of packaging boxes containing articles are stacked vertically on a gantry, and each stage when a vibration test is performed in which the gantry is vibrated vertically with a random wave specified in JIS Z0232: 2004, Appendix A. The energy transfer rate of the packaging box
A packaging box characterized by being smaller than the energy transfer rate of each corresponding packaging box when the vibration test is performed on the packaging box not provided with the buffer portion.   The energy transfer rate of each stage of the packaging box provided with the buffer portion is 90% or less of the energy transfer rate of each corresponding stage of the packaging box not provided with the buffer portion. The packaging box according to claim 1. The packaging box according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the packaging box is a cardboard box, and a buffer portion integrated with the packaging box is a part of the cardboard box.

Images