JP2010046261A - X-ray diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus wherein three-dimensional images obtained in one X-ray imaging means are used for radioscopy in the other X-ray imaging means in real time. <P>SOLUTION: On the basis of imaging for a three-dimensional phantom, a first imaging direction by first X-ray imaging means corresponding to a second imaging direction by second X-ray imaging means is stored in an imaging direction specifying means 20. When imaging a subject in the first X-ray imaging means, the data of the three-dimensional data for each imaging direction are stored in a three-dimensional image storage portion 28. In radioscopy in the second X-ray imaging means, the first imaging direction corresponding to the imaging direction of the radioscopy is led from the imaging direction specifying means 20, the data of the three-dimensional image in the first imaging direction are extracted from the three-dimensional image storage portion 28, a two-dimensional map image is prepared in a superimposed image processing portion 29, and the two-dimensional map image and the radioscopic image data are superimposed in a second image processing portion 23 to acquire a three-dimensional road map image. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  This invention is configured to rotate at high speed around the subject's body axis and to irradiate the subject with X-rays in order to inspect and treat the heart, head, etc. First X-ray imaging means for imaging, second X-ray imaging means configured to rotate around the body axis of the subject and irradiate the subject with X-rays, and the respective X-rays The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus including first and second image processing units that process image data detected by a detection unit.

As the X-ray diagnostic apparatus provided with such two X-ray imaging means, the following is conventionally known.
A front X-ray imaging system and a side X-ray imaging system are provided, and the subject placed on the couch top can be simultaneously imaged from two directions.
The front X-ray imaging system is configured by attaching an X-ray tube to one end of the C arm and an X-ray detector to the other end. The C-arm is supported by a stand installed on the floor via an arm holder.
A lateral X-ray imaging system is configured with an X-ray tube attached to one end of the C-arm and an X-ray detector attached to the other end. The C-arm is suspended from the slider base via the arm holder. The slider base is engaged with a traveling rail provided on the ceiling surface so as to be movable vertically and horizontally (see Patent Document 1).
JP 2005-245814 A

However, the conventional example described above has the following problems.
Since the three-dimensional image data is data acquired in advance, there is a disadvantage that it is not appropriate as real-time data when examining or treating the heart or head.
That is, conventionally, in an X-ray diagnostic apparatus using one X-ray imaging means, a number of planar images are taken by rotating the X-ray irradiation means and the X-ray detection means around the body axis of the subject, 3D image is obtained by reconstructing a planar image by an application, and this 3D image is used as a map image to superimpose it with a 2D perspective image in real time to grasp the blood vessel structure without injecting contrast medium. In some X-ray diagnostic apparatuses using two X-ray imaging means, a three-dimensional image obtained by one X-ray imaging means can be used. None of the X-ray imaging means can be used in real time for X-ray fluoroscopy.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is obtained by one X-ray imaging unit by imaging a three-dimensional phantom and matching the imaging directions of the two X-ray imaging units. Another object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that can use a three-dimensional image in real time for X-ray fluoroscopy of the other X-ray imaging means.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, the first X-ray irradiation means for irradiating the subject with X-rays and the first X-ray detection means for receiving the X-rays emitted from the first X-ray irradiation means, and the first X-ray irradiation means. A first X-ray imaging unit configured to rotate the X-ray irradiation unit and the first X-ray detection unit at a high speed around the body axis of the subject, and the first X-ray detection; The first image processing unit for processing the first image data detected by the means and the first X-ray imaging means are arranged so as to be driven separately and irradiate the subject with X-rays. 2 X-ray irradiating means and second X-ray detecting means for receiving X-rays irradiated from the second X-ray irradiating means, and the second X-ray irradiating means and the second X-ray detecting means. Is detected by the second X-ray imaging means configured to be rotatable around the body axis of the subject and the second X-ray detection means. In X-ray diagnostic apparatus and a second image processing unit for processing the second image data that,
First imaging direction determining means for detecting the positions of the first X-ray irradiating means and the first X-ray detecting means and determining a first imaging direction for the subject by the first X-ray imaging means. And a second imaging direction for detecting a position of the second X-ray irradiating means and a second X-ray detecting means to determine a second imaging direction for the subject by the second X-ray imaging means. A determining unit; and an imaging direction specifying unit that stores a first imaging direction corresponding to each of the second imaging directions acquired by previously imaging the three-dimensional phantom with the first and second X-ray imaging units; The first image data obtained by the first image processing unit by photographing the subject by rotating the first X-ray irradiation means and the first X-ray detection means and the first imaging Based on the shooting direction by the direction discriminating means, A 3D image reconstruction unit for reconstructing a 3D image for each direction; a 3D image storage unit for storing data of a 3D image for each shooting direction reconstructed by the 3D image reconstruction unit; A first imaging direction corresponding to the second imaging direction determined by the second imaging direction determination unit is derived from the imaging direction identification unit during fluoroscopic imaging of the subject by the X-ray imaging unit of 2; A superimposed image processing unit that extracts data of the derived three-dimensional image in the first photographing direction from the three-dimensional image storage unit to create a two-dimensional map image for superposition, and The two-dimensional map image created by the superimposed image processing unit and the fluoroscopic image data detected by the second X-ray detection means can be superimposed by the second image processing unit to obtain a three-dimensional road map image. Features that made up It is.

According to the configuration of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the first X-ray imaging unit corresponding to the first X-ray imaging unit corresponding to the second X-ray imaging direction of the second X-ray imaging unit. When obtaining a three-dimensional image by obtaining the three-dimensional image of the subject in advance by photographing the three-dimensional phantom, storing the correlation in the photographing direction specifying means, and photographing the subject with the first X-ray photographing means. First X-ray imaging corresponding to the imaging direction in which the fluoroscopic imaging was performed when the 3D image data for each imaging direction is stored in the 3D image storage unit and fluoroscopic imaging is performed by the second X-ray imaging means. The first imaging direction in the means is derived from the imaging direction specifying means, and the derived three-dimensional image data in the first imaging direction in the first X-ray imaging means is extracted from the three-dimensional image storage unit and superimposed. Two-dimensional map image for overlay in the image processor Was created, it is possible to obtain a three-dimensional road map image by superimposing the detected fluoroscopic image data in the two-dimensional map image and the second X-ray detecting means by the second image processing section.
Therefore, as the 3D image is acquired by the first X-ray imaging unit, the 3D road map image at the time of fluoroscopic imaging by the second X-ray imaging unit can be acquired using the 3D image. It is possible to provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that can use a three-dimensional image obtained by one X-ray imaging means in real time for X-ray fluoroscopy of the other X-ray imaging means.
As described above, the second X-ray imaging unit can acquire a three-dimensional road map image by fluoroscopic imaging with a small amount of X-ray irradiation, and the second X-ray imaging unit can also perform normal imaging to obtain a three-dimensional image. Compared to the case, in the second X-ray imaging means, it is not necessary to perform imaging over the entire circumference of the subject, the X-ray exposure dose can be reduced, the imaging time can be shortened, and the operator and the subject can be reduced. The burden can be greatly reduced.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, in which an examination table 2 on which a subject H is placed is provided on a support table 1.
The first X-ray imaging means 3 is installed on the floor, while the second X-ray imaging means 5 is provided on the rail 4 provided on the ceiling so as to be movable and fixed in the horizontal two-dimensional direction.

The first X-ray imaging means 3 is configured as follows.
That is, a first holding member 7 is provided on the base 6 so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis, and the first holding member 7 has a horizontal axis (body axis of the subject H). A second holding member 8 is provided so as to be rotatable, and a C-shaped first arm is provided on the second holding member 8 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the body axis of the subject H. 9 is provided. A first X-ray tube 10 as a first X-ray irradiation means for irradiating the subject H with X-rays is provided at one end side of the first arm 9, and a first X-ray is provided at the other end side. First X-ray detectors 11 as first X-ray detection means for receiving X-rays radiated from the tube 10 are attached to the first X-ray tube 10 and the second holding member 8, respectively. The first X-ray detector 11 can be rotated around the body axis of the subject H.

The second X-ray imaging means 5 is configured as follows.
That is, the third holding member 12 is provided on the rail 4 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction (in the body axis direction of the subject H), and the third holding member 12 is provided with a horizontal direction (subject to the movement). A fourth holding member 13 is provided so as to be movable in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the body axis of the examiner H, and the fourth holding member 13 is provided with a fifth holding member that is rotatable about the vertical axis. 14 is provided, and a ring-shaped second arm 15 is provided on the fifth holding member 14 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis (body axis of the subject H). A second X-ray tube 16 as a second X-ray irradiation means for irradiating the subject H with X-rays is provided on one end side of the second arm 15, and a second X-ray tube 16 is provided on the other end side. Second X-ray detectors 17 as second X-ray detection means for receiving the X-rays irradiated from the second X-ray tube 16 and the second X-ray tube 16 and the second X-ray tube 16 are respectively attached by rotation of the second arm 15. The X-ray detector 17 can be rotated around the body axis of the subject H.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining a configuration for storing a first shooting direction corresponding to each of the second shooting directions.
In the first X-ray imaging means 3, a first electric motor M <b> 1 that drives and rotates the first holding member 7 with respect to the base 6 is provided, and the rotation amount of the first holding member 7 with respect to the base 6 is provided. The 1st sensor S1 which detects is attached.
In addition, a second electric motor M2 that drives and rotates the second holding member 8 with respect to the first holding member 7 is provided, and the amount of rotation of the second holding member 8 with respect to the first holding member 7 is detected. A second sensor S2 is attached.
In addition, a third electric motor M3 that drives and rotates the first arm 9 with respect to the second holding member 8 is provided, and a rotation amount of the first arm 9 with respect to the second holding member 8 is detected. Three sensors S3 are attached.

In the second X-ray imaging means 3, a fourth electric motor M 4 that drives and moves the third holding member 12 with respect to the rail 4 is provided, and the amount of movement of the third holding member 12 with respect to the rail 4 is detected. A fourth sensor S4 is attached.
In addition, a fifth electric motor M5 that drives and moves the fourth holding member 13 with respect to the third holding member 12 is provided, and a movement amount of the fourth holding member 13 with respect to the third holding member 12 is detected. A fifth sensor S5 is attached.
Further, a sixth electric motor M6 that drives and rotates the fifth holding member 14 with respect to the fourth holding member 13 is provided, and the amount of rotation of the fifth holding member 14 with respect to the fourth holding member 13 is detected. A sixth sensor S6 is attached.
A seventh electric motor M7 that drives and rotates the second arm 15 with respect to the fifth holding member 14 is provided, and a rotation amount of the second arm 15 with respect to the fifth holding member 14 is detected. Seven sensors S7 are attached.

The first, second and third sensors S1, S2 and S3 are connected to the first photographing direction discriminating means 18, and the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh sensors S4, S5, S6 and S7 are the first ones. The first and second photographing direction discriminating means 18 and 19 are connected to the photographing direction specifying unit 20.
A first image processing unit 21 that processes first image data detected by the first X-ray detector 11 is connected to the first X-ray detector 11, and the first image processing unit 21 is connected to the first image processing unit 21. A first image storage unit 22 for storing a first image obtained by processing the first image data is connected.
A second image processing unit 23 for processing the second image data detected by the second X-ray detector 17 is connected to the second X-ray detector 17, and the second image processing unit 23 is connected to the second image processing unit 23. A second image storage unit 24 for storing a second image obtained by processing the second image data is connected.
An image display monitor 25 a is connected to the first and second image storage units 22 and 24.

  First, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh electric motors M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, first and second photographing direction discriminating means 18, 19 The first and second image storage units 22 and 24 are connected to the operation unit 26, respectively.

  In the first imaging direction discriminating means 18, the rotation amounts of the first and second holding members 7, 8 and the first arm 9 are set to the first and second at the time of imaging by the first X-ray imaging means 3. The positions of the first X-ray tube 10 and the first X-ray detector 11 are detected by the detection by the third sensors S1, S2, and S3, and the three-dimensional phantom by the first X-ray imaging means 3 is detected. And the first imaging direction with respect to the subject H is determined.

  Further, the second imaging direction discriminating means 19 moves the third and fourth holding members 12 and 13 as well as the fifth holding member 14 and the second holding time during imaging by the second X-ray imaging means 5. The rotation amount of the arm 15 is detected by the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh sensors S4, S5, S6 and S7, so that the second X-ray tube 16 and the second X-ray detector 17 The position is detected and the second imaging direction with respect to the three-dimensional phantom or the subject H by the second X-ray imaging means 5 is determined.

In the first image processing unit 21, when the first image data is processed, the first imaging direction determined by the first imaging direction determination unit 18 is also stored in the first image storage unit 22. It is supposed to let you.
In the second image processing unit 23, the second image storage unit 24 also includes the second shooting direction determined by the second shooting direction determination unit 19 when the second image data is processed. To memorize.

An operation for specifying the imaging direction prior to imaging performed for the examination and treatment of the subject H by the first and second X-ray imaging units 3 and 5 with the above configuration will be described.
A three-dimensional phantom (not shown) is placed on the examination table 2, a predetermined operation is performed in the operation unit 26, and the first, second, and third electric motors M1, M2, and M3 are driven to perform the first operation. A three-dimensional phantom is imaged by the X-ray imaging means 3 and the first image is stored in the first image storage unit 22 together with the first imaging direction.
Next, a predetermined operation is performed in the operation unit 26, and the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh electric motors M4, M5, M6, and M7 are driven, and the second X-ray imaging unit 5 performs the three-dimensional phantom. The second image is stored in the second image storage unit 24 together with the second shooting direction.

Thereafter, the second image in the predetermined second imaging direction by the second X-ray imaging means 5 is displayed on the image display monitor 25a, and the first image is displayed so as to be superimposed on the second image. Operation unit 26
The first image is rotated and corrected so as to coincide with the second image by performing a predetermined operation in, and the first photographing direction at the time of matching is made to correspond to the second photographing direction, and the photographing direction specifying means 20 is stored.
The same operation is repeated and stored in the shooting direction specifying means 20 in correspondence with each of the plurality of second shooting directions.

The predetermined second imaging direction may be two or more directions, but the four directions of 0 °, 30 °, 60 °, and 90 ° from the reference position may improve consistency. For example, if the second imaging direction in which fluoroscopic imaging is performed by the second X-ray imaging unit 5 for examination / treatment is determined, the first imaging corresponding to all the second imaging directions is performed. It is preferable to memorize the direction.
Further, when there is a vertical shift (shift in the longitudinal direction of the examination table 2) or a horizontal shift (shift in the height direction of the examination table 2) on the image display monitor 26a, the amount of the shift is set. If there is a difference in the distance (SID) between the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector, adjustment may be performed by enlarging or reducing processing.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the control configuration. The first X-ray detector 11 and the first imaging direction discriminating means 18 are connected to the first image processing unit 21, and the first image processing unit 21 is connected to the first image processing unit 21. The image display monitor 25b and the first image storage unit 22 are connected. A 3D image reconstruction unit 27 is connected to the first image storage unit 22, and a 3D image storage unit 28 is connected to the 3D image reconstruction unit 27. The photographing direction specifying means 20 is connected to the three-dimensional image storage unit 28, and the three-dimensional image storage unit 28 is connected to the superimposed image processing unit 29.

The second X-ray detector 17 and the second imaging direction discriminating means 19 are connected to the second image processing unit 23, and the second image processing unit 23 is connected to the image display monitor 25c and the second image storage unit 24. And are connected.
The operation unit 26 is connected to the second shooting direction determination unit 19, the shooting direction specifying unit 20 is connected to the 3D image storage unit 28, and the overlay processing unit 29 is connected to the second image processing unit 23. Has been.
An image display monitor 25 d is connected to the three-dimensional image storage unit 28.
The above-described image display monitor 25a and the image display monitors 25b, 25c, and 25d described here may be configured as individual units or dual-purpose configurations, and may be divided and displayed on one screen. You can do it.

  With the above configuration, the subject X is imaged by the first X-ray imaging means 3, that is, the subject H is imaged by rotating the first X-ray tube 10 and the first X-ray detector 11. Thus, based on the first image data obtained by the first image processing unit 21 and the photographing direction by the first photographing direction discriminating means 18, a three-dimensional image for each photographing direction with respect to the subject H is three-dimensionally displayed. The three-dimensional image data for each photographing direction reconstructed by the image reconstruction unit 27 and reconstructed by the three-dimensional image reconstruction unit 27 is stored in the three-dimensional image storage unit 28.

During fluoroscopic imaging of the subject H by the second X-ray imaging means 5, the first corresponding to the second imaging direction determined by the second imaging direction determination means 19 in accordance with the operation at the operation unit 26. The photographing direction is derived from the photographing direction specifying means 20, the data of the derived three-dimensional image in the first photographing direction is extracted from the three-dimensional image storage unit 28, and the superimposed image processing unit 29 performs two overlapping images. Create a dimension map image.
The two-dimensional map image created by the superimposed image processing unit 29 and the fluoroscopic image data detected by the second X-ray detector 17 are superimposed by the second image processing unit 23 to form a three-dimensional road map image. It can be acquired.

1 is an overall schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention. It is a block diagram with which it uses for description of the structure for memorize | storing the 1st imaging | photography direction corresponding to each 2nd imaging | photography direction. It is a block diagram which shows a control structure.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... 1st X-ray imaging means 5 ... 2nd X-ray imaging means 10 ... 1st X-ray tube (1st X-ray irradiation means)
11: First X-ray detector (first X-ray detection means)
16 ... 2nd X-ray tube (2nd X-ray irradiation means)
17 ... 2nd X-ray detector (2nd X-ray detection means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 18 ... 1st imaging | photography direction discrimination | determination means 19 ... 2nd imaging | photography direction discrimination | determination means 20 ... Imaging | photography direction identification means 21 ... 1st image processing part 23 ... 2nd image processing part 27 ... 3D image reconstruction part 28 ... 3D image storage unit 29 ... Overlapping image processing unit H ... Subject

Claims (1)

The first X-ray is provided with first X-ray irradiation means for irradiating the subject with X-rays and first X-ray detection means for receiving X-rays emitted from the first X-ray irradiation means. A first X-ray imaging unit configured to allow the irradiation unit and the first X-ray detection unit to rotate at high speed around the entire body axis of the subject; and the first X-ray detection unit. A first image processing unit that processes the detected first image data and a second X-ray imaging unit are arranged to be driven separately, and a second that irradiates the subject with X-rays X-ray irradiating means and second X-ray detecting means for receiving X-rays emitted from the second X-ray irradiating means, and receiving the second X-ray irradiating means and the second X-ray detecting means. A second X-ray imaging means configured to be rotatable around the examiner's body axis, and a second X-ray detection means detected by the second X-ray detection means; In X-ray diagnostic apparatus and a second image processing unit for processing image data,
First imaging direction determining means for detecting the positions of the first X-ray irradiating means and the first X-ray detecting means and determining a first imaging direction for the subject by the first X-ray imaging means. And a second imaging direction for detecting a position of the second X-ray irradiating means and a second X-ray detecting means to determine a second imaging direction for the subject by the second X-ray imaging means. A determining unit; and an imaging direction specifying unit that stores a first imaging direction corresponding to each of the second imaging directions acquired by previously imaging the three-dimensional phantom with the first and second X-ray imaging units; The first image data obtained by the first image processing unit by photographing the subject by rotating the first X-ray irradiation means and the first X-ray detection means and the first imaging Based on the shooting direction by the direction discriminating means, A 3D image reconstruction unit for reconstructing a 3D image for each direction; a 3D image storage unit for storing data of a 3D image for each shooting direction reconstructed by the 3D image reconstruction unit; A first imaging direction corresponding to the second imaging direction determined by the second imaging direction determination unit is derived from the imaging direction identification unit during fluoroscopic imaging of the subject by the X-ray imaging unit of 2; A superimposed image processing unit that extracts data of the derived three-dimensional image in the first photographing direction from the three-dimensional image storage unit to create a two-dimensional map image for superposition, and The two-dimensional map image created by the superimposed image processing unit and the fluoroscopic image data detected by the second X-ray detection means can be superimposed by the second image processing unit to obtain a three-dimensional road map image. Features that made up X-ray diagnostic apparatus for.

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