JP2010013329A - System for producing activated carbon from polymer waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reutilize a carbonized material obtained from polymer waste such as waste tires as activated carbon. <P>SOLUTION: A system for producing activated carbon from polymer waste is provided which includes: a carbonizer which heats a material to be treated, such as waste tires or waste plastic and yields a carbonized material; a magnetic separator which crushes the carbonized material from the carbonizer and removes steel; a rotary kiln in which the carbonized material is fired and converted to activated carbon; and a cooler which cools the activated carbon. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an activated carbon production system from polymer waste in which an object to be treated such as waste tires and waste plastics is treated as pollution-free as possible to extract activated carbon.

Conventionally, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-271307, Japanese Patent No. 3623204, and the like are known as devices for carbonizing waste tires and condensing them to recover fuel oil.
The former device makes a carbide by directly igniting (internal combustion type) waste tires and the like, which are also clarified in the specification, using carbonization gas generated from waste tires and the like in the carbonization furnace, Separately prepared fresh water is converted into water vapor with a heater, and activated carbon is produced by heating the activated carbon together with the water vapor with an activation device that heats the carbide introduced into the combustion chamber with a burner. Therefore, although this invention manufactures activated carbon using dry distillation gas, there are many disadvantages that waste tires and the like are ashed because of the internal combustion type, and that control to reduce this is very difficult. is there.
The latter system basically collects condensed oil from waste tires and does not produce activated carbon although carbide remains in a pyrolysis furnace.
JP-A-06-271307 Japanese Patent No. 3623204

Therefore, in the present invention, an activated carbon production system for producing activated carbon by carefully selecting carbides out of dry distillation gas and carbide generated in a dry distillation machine by an external heating method heated from outside the furnace is provided.
Moreover, the apparatus which produces | generates the condensed oil obtained from the dry distillation gas produced in a rotary kiln, connects an off gas to a burner, and recycles is provided.
Furthermore, the apparatus which obtained activated carbon which raised the purity by crushing and magnetically separating the carbide from a carbonizer is provided.
Furthermore, the apparatus which obtained the activated carbon obtained from a rotary kiln continuously and rapidly is also provided.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, the gist of which is a dry distillation machine that heats a container sealed with an object to be processed such as waste tire or waste plastic, and pyrolyzes the object to be processed to generate carbide. A magnetic separator for removing the steel by crushing the carbide introduced from the carbonization machine to a predetermined size or less, a rotary kiln for firing the carbide of the predetermined size or less, and a cooler for cooling the fired carbide. In the activated carbon production system from polymer waste, the activated carbon is obtained from.
As a result, activated carbon can be continuously produced from polymer waste such as waste tires by a carbonic distillation device, a magnetic separator, and a rotary kiln. Moreover, although this activated carbon is used directly for drinking water, it can be used widely for purifying industrial wastewater and air.

As another gist of the present invention, there is provided a device provided with a crusher for crushing between upper and lower rollers, at least one of which is movable, between the carbonizer and the magnetic separator.
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a better activated carbon by removing steel generated from an object to be processed such as a waste tire used as it is in a carbonization machine.

As another gist of the present invention, the rotary kiln is composed of a sealed inner cylinder that rotates with carbide and an outer cylinder that receives the inner cylinder and heats it with a burner, and condenses dry distillation gas generated in the inner cylinder. The object is to provide auxiliary fuel by sending off-gas produced by cooling with a machine to the burner of the rotary kiln.
As a result, in order to calcinate the carbide of the carbonizer to produce activated carbon, condensed oil is generated from the dry distillation gas generated when the activated carbon is baked in the rotary kiln, and the off-gas is used as the kiln fuel for the kiln. An apparatus excellent in the environment that can be used will be used.

  The present invention is a magnetic separator that removes steel by crushing the carbonized carbon residue remaining in the carbonizer with a crusher, and a rotary kiln that calcinates the carbide to a predetermined size or less with a sieve to obtain activated carbon, Since the completed activated carbon is easy to spontaneously ignite, it consists of a storage container that is cooled and stored. Thereby, the magnetically selected carbide is fired to finish as activated carbon.

  As another invention, in a rotary kiln composed of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, carbide in the inner cylinder is generated into activated carbon from the outside of the inner cylinder with a burner in the outer cylinder, but the dry distillation gas generated in the inner cylinder is Effectively used as fuel for the burner.

  Furthermore, the activated carbon fired in the rotary kiln can be quickly transferred to a storage container by quenching with a cooler, and the activated carbon is cured to achieve uniform quality and shorten finishing time.

  The polymer waste, which is a waste, was converted into a carbide, which was crushed and magnetically selected, and activated carbon was obtained by a rotary kiln. In the rotary kiln, carbide in the inner cylinder rotated by a burner from outside the outer cylinder is baked, and dry distillation gas generated in the inner cylinder is condensed oil and used for the burner. For crushing carbide, attach a crusher that can move at least one of the upper and lower rollers to the pre-process of the magnetic separator that eliminates steel, so that the degree of firing of the carbide in the rotary kiln is uniform and the firing time is reduced. I was able to shorten it. In addition, the activated carbon made of a rotary kiln could be quickly cooled to improve the quality from the surface of the activated carbon to the core and shorten the time to reach the shrinkable container. As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to produce activated carbon only by firing with a rotary kiln or the like by eliminating the complicated activation treatment step of contacting the conventional carbide with water vapor while heating.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[Preprocessing]
In the dry distillation system A, a burner 1-III is attached to the lower part of a protective pot 1-I opened at the top and stacked with a fireproof insulating material such as brick, and the cartridge container 16 is installed in a recess in the opening. . On the upper part of the cartridge container 16, a sealing lid 1-II is placed so as to be able to be opened and closed.
In order to obtain dry distillation gas using this dry distillation system, the lid is sealed, and the cartridge container 16 is heated to 380 to 450 ° C. in the lid and 600 to 700 ° C. at the bottom of the container with the burner 1-III. About 1 ton of waste tires are put in and heated for about 4 to 5 hours to generate dry distillation gas in the container. The carbonization gas is transferred to the fractionation system B shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. In the present invention, activated carbon is obtained from the carbonization remaining in the vessel by the following apparatus and procedure in order to transfer from the carbonization system to the carbide processing system.
The cartridge containers 16, 16 ′, 16 ″ are alternately used in one dry distillation machine 1, but it is also possible to prepare these sets in another dry distillation system not shown.

[This processing]
From the cartridge containers 16, 16 ′, 16 ″, the solid carbide as the residue of the dry distillation treatment of the waste tire is transferred to the reversing machine 20. From the reversing machine 20, this is rotated and the carbides are sequentially put into the hopper 19. At the lower part of the hopper 19, there is an endless conveyor 19 ', and the carbide is conveyed by the conveyor 19' and transferred to a crusher 23 as a vertically movable roller installed at the tip, and the particle size is about 5 to 7 m / m. The steel in the crushed carbide is adsorbed by the magnet of the magnetic separator 24 and taken out into the storage can 21. The remaining carbide is sent to the sieve 25 by a conveying means such as compressed air or a conveyor. The crushed carbide is sieved through a mesh of 5 to 7 m / m mesh, and the remaining steel is taken out again by the magnet (not shown) of the pretreatment machine 26 and sent to the storage can 21. one Carbides having a fixed particle size or less are also collected in the storage device 27 by the same conveying means as described above.Dampers 22 and 22 'are disposed at the inlet and the outlet of the storage device 27, and the damper at the outlet is first closed and the damper at the inlet is closed. Then, the carbide is stored in the open state, and the outlet damper 22 'is opened to send the carbide into the inner cylinder of the rotary kiln 28. In this case, the flow of air from the outside is minimized in the rotary kiln. The rotary kiln 28 has an inner cylinder 28-II that is rotated by a motor and a speed reducer (not shown) in a fixed outer cylinder 28-I. The carbide in II is continuously fired by burners 35 and 36 installed in the outer cylinder at a predetermined interval, and the carbonized gas generated by the firing of the carbide is transferred to the condenser 32 and is transferred from the safety device 33 to the bar. The off-gas is supplied as fuel to the fuel gas 35. The dry distillation gas here is sent to the condenser 32, and the condensed oil condensed there is sent to the condensed oil tank 3 of the fractionation system B and purified again to be burner 1-III and It can be reused as fuel for the burners 35, 36. The exhaust kiln 37 of the kiln outer cylinder 28-I is provided at the upper part of the rotary kiln, and the activated carbon fired by the rotary kiln opens the damper 28-III at the rear of the kiln. Then, it is forcibly cooled by the conveyor cooler 29 incorporating cooling water and stored in the storage can 30.
In addition, it is convenient to use 16 for dry distillation, 16 'for stand-by, and 16 "for cooling (natural cooling is 5 hours in winter and 8 hours in summer) for a dry distillation machine.

As the pretreatment step described above, the dry distillation gas generated in the dry distillation system 1 of the dry distillation system is condensed after being condensed in the first condenser 2 that cools the gas by putting water around the inner pipe through which the gas passes. It is stored in the oil tank 3. From the condensed oil tank 3, a fixed amount of oil is introduced into the fractionation tower 4 by a pump (not shown) (step 8). The oil component at the bottom of the column introduced into the fractionation tower is heated by a reheater (reboiler) 5, and the heated oil component having a high boiling point (high boiling oil) remains at the column bottom and has a low boiling point (low Boiling oil) The non-condensable gas rises in the tower, is led to the second condenser 6 as a non-condensed gas from the upper part of the fractionating tower 4 and is cooled (step 9), and condensed oil (low boiling oil) condensed there. ) Is returned again to the fractionation tower (step 9 ′), reheated, and part of the returned oil is stored in the low boiling oil tank 8 as a low boiling oil (about 300 kg in the 1 ton) (step 10). ). On the other hand, the oil content is guided from the lower part of the fractionation tower 4 to the reheating tank (reboiler) 5 and heated, and then returned to the fractionation tower 4 to regenerate the boundary between the high boiling oil and the low boiling oil in the tower. However, a part of it goes to the low boiling oil tank 8 from the upper part of the fractionating tower 4 described above, but most of the high boiling oil (about 700 kg in 1 ton) is stored in the high boiling oil tank 7. (Step 11).
The low-boiling oil stored in the low-boiling oil tank 8 is sent to the pretreatment storage tank 9 when the tank reaches a certain amount (full) (step 11), and the storage tank undergoes the same processing steps as the high-boiling oil described later. 13 (step 16) and used as a heat source for heating the carbonizer 1 and the reboiler 5. Further, most of the high-boiling oil condensed and regenerated is stored in the high-boiling oil tank 7, and then is sent to the pretreatment oil storage tank 9 in a predetermined amount at an appropriate time (step 12). In the pretreatment oil storage tank, after adjusting the oil temperature etc. (modifying oil quality), the water content (including additives used for oil quality reforming) and oil are separated by the centrifuge 10 ( Step 13), cool with cooler 11 (Step 14), and then store heavy oil in underground storage tank 12 (Step 15).

  In the present invention, polymer waste such as waste tires is separated into dry distillation gas and carbide by a carbonization system, the carbide is crushed and magnetically selected, and the carbide is carefully selected and activated by a rotary kiln, which is a water and air purification system It is possible to provide a favorable environment system that is incorporated into

It is a schematic process explanatory drawing of the carbonization system A and the fractionation system B of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the carbide processing system C of this invention. It is a flowchart figure of a carbonization system, a carbide processing system, and the fractionation system utilized as a secondary.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distiller 16, 16 ', 16 "Cartridge container 24 Magnetic separator 28 Rotary kiln 28-I Outer cylinder 28-II Inner cylinder 30 Storage container 35,36 Burner 23 Crusher 29 Cooler

Claims (3)

  Heating a container sealed with an object to be treated such as waste tire or waste plastic, pyrolyzing the object to be treated to generate carbide, and crushing the carbide led from the carbonizer to a predetermined size or less Polymer waste characterized in that activated carbon is obtained from a magnetic separator for removing steel, a rotary kiln for firing carbides having a predetermined size or less, and a cooler for cooling the fired carbides. Activated carbon production system from things.   The system for producing activated carbon from polymer waste according to claim 1, wherein a crusher for crushing between the upper and lower rollers, at least one of which is movable, is provided between the carbonizer and the magnetic separator.   The rotary kiln was composed of a sealed inner cylinder rotating with carbides and an outer cylinder that supported the inner cylinder and heated by a burner, and the dry distillation gas generated in the inner cylinder was cooled by a condenser. The system for producing activated carbon from polymer waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein off-gas is sent to the burner.

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