JP2010012512A - Slag removing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure capable of efficiently removing slag. <P>SOLUTION: A pair of claw parts 2, 2 provided on a lower end are expanded/contracted by an air cylinder 15 and a link mechanism. When the slag is removed, a slag removing apparatus 1 is moved above a molten metal furnace, and the spacing between the claw parts 2, 2 is reduced with the surface of the molten metal. Thus, a part of the slag floating on the surface of the molten metal is captured. When the slag removing apparatus 1 is pulled up in such a state, the slag at the other part can also be pulled up in a pulling manner by a part of the slag. As a result, the entire slag can be removed nearly in one work. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in a scraping device that removes noro (impurities such as metal oxides, slag) generated in a molten metal (molten metal) used for casting from the molten metal.

  For example, a structure formed by casting an aluminum alloy or an iron-based alloy such as steel is known as a caliper for a disc brake used for braking an automobile. In the case of performing such casting, it has been conventionally performed to remove the slack generated in the molten metal. That is, as the surface of the molten metal oxidizes, noro always occurs in the molten metal and floats on the surface of the molten metal. When the casting is performed with the noro remaining, the noro enters the casting and a casting defect called noro-bite occurs. For this reason, when performing casting, it is important to sufficiently remove this slot. Conventionally, in order to remove the slot, an operator directly scrapes the slot with a handle or the like.

  For example, in the case of an iron-based alloy, the molten metal reaches about 1500 ° C., and the vicinity of the molten metal furnace becomes extremely high. Also, odor is generated from the molten metal furnace. Furthermore, the above-mentioned slot is usually generated about 3% of the molten metal. For example, about 180 kg of Noro is generated from a 6-ton furnace. As described above, when scraping scraps with a handle, even if scraping approximately 20 kg per scrape, a total of nine operations are required to remove the scraps from the 6-ton furnace. As described above, the operation of scraping off the paste with a handle or the like needs to be performed in the vicinity of the molten metal furnace where odor is generated at a high temperature, and this operation needs to be repeated in order to remove the paste from the furnace. Therefore, the conventional removal operation has been difficult and dangerous.

  In addition to the above-described methods, methods and apparatuses for removing noro are described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, for example. Of these, Patent Document 1 describes a method in which a moving magnetic field is generated by an inductor to move a slot floating on the surface of the molten metal to a position where it can be easily scraped. In the case of the method described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary for the operator to work near the molten metal furnace as in the above-described method of removing the slack using the handle, etc., which is difficult and dangerous. It is thought that.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 2 describes an apparatus and a method for removing noros in a molten metal furnace by sinking and further pulling up the aggregated members suspended by a crane into the molten metal furnace. In the case of the invention described in Patent Document 2 as described above, a plurality of through-holes through which the slot can pass are provided in the slotted agglomeration member, Then, the chips floating on the surface of the molten metal are collected on the top of the sheet aggregation member through the through holes. Then, the above-mentioned slot is taken out by pulling up the slot aggregation member. However, when taking the noro by such a method, when the noro-aggregating member is submerged in the melt, a part of the noro floating on the surface will sink in the melt, so even if the noro-aggregating member is pulled up, It is inevitable that a part of this noro remains in the molten metal. Therefore, in order to remove a large amount of noro, it is necessary to repeat the operation, and it is considered difficult to completely remove this noro.

  Patent Document 3 describes a device for sucking a slot. In the case of the invention described in Patent Document 3, it is inevitable that the suction device requires various equipment such as a pump and becomes expensive. Further, there is a possibility that the molten metal is sucked in addition to the slack, and it cannot be said that the slough can be removed efficiently.

JP 61-107092 A JP-A-55-158488 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-216926

  In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention has been invented to realize a structure that can efficiently remove noro, and further, can easily remove noro adhering to the denoising device and can safely work. is there.

The slot removing device of the present invention takes out the slot in the molten metal furnace.
In particular, the slotting device of the present invention includes a pair of claw portions and a drive device that is provided at the base end portions of both the claw portions and that allows the distance between the tip portions of the both claw portions to be freely expandable and contractable.
And by narrowing the space | interval of the front-end | tip parts of these both nail | claw parts, the said slot is grasped and taken out.

As a specific configuration, as in the invention described in claim 2, the driving device includes an air cylinder and a link mechanism.
Of these, the air cylinder is disposed above the base end portions of the both claws, and displaces the spindle in the vertical direction by air pressure.
The link mechanism is provided at the base end portion of both the claw portions, and expands or contracts the distance between the tip portions of the both claw portions by displacement of the spindle.

The specific structure of the link mechanism is composed of a link arm, a long hole, and a pin as in the third aspect of the invention.
Of these, the link arms are coupled and fixed to the base end portions of the both claws.
Further, the long hole is formed at the tip of each link arm so as to be long in the length direction of each link arm.
The pin is supported at the tip of the spindle while being arranged in a direction perpendicular to the spindle.
Each of the link arms has a part of each of the long holes overlapped with each other in the axial direction of the pin in a state where the tip portions thereof intersect each other.
And by changing the crossing angle between the link arms by displacing the pins inserted through the long holes in the lengthwise direction of the long holes together with the spindle, The distance between the tip portions of both claws is freely expandable and contractable.

  Further, when implementing each of the above-described inventions, it is preferable to use a plate made of a heat-resistant material as the both claws as in the invention described in claim 4. And the groove part opened to both side surfaces and a front-end edge is formed in the front-end | tip part of these both nail | claw parts.

  More preferably, as in the invention described in claim 5, a hook for suspending the upper end portion by a crane and an operation means capable of remotely operating the drive device are provided.

  According to the slot removing device of the present invention configured as described above, slots can be efficiently removed. In other words, from the state in which the tip portions (lower end portions) of the pair of claw portions are inserted slightly near the surface of the molten metal, the distance between the tip portions of the both claw portions is shortened to reduce the float floating on the surface of the molten metal. Grab the part. Then, by pulling up both the claw portions, a part of the blade gripped by both the fingernail portions is lifted, and the blade existing around the gripper that is not gripped by the both fingernail portions is also lifted together. This is because Noro exists as if a film is stretched on the surface of the molten metal. Therefore, when pulling up a part of Noro, the other part of Noro is also pulled up so as to be pulled together with the above-mentioned part of Noro, as if the whole film is pulled when pulling a part of the film, As a result, a large amount of noro can be removed. Therefore, all of the chips in the molten metal furnace can be removed by almost one operation, and the removal of the chips can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, according to the invention described in claims 2 and 3, since the both claws are expanded and contracted with a simple structure comprising an air cylinder and a link mechanism, even if the work is performed in the vicinity of a hot metal furnace, Is hard to break and has high durability and reliability. Further, in the case of the invention described in claim 2, since an air cylinder driven by air pressure is used, safety is high. For example, when a cylinder driven by hydraulic pressure or water pressure is used, an accident such as an explosion due to rapid thermal expansion may occur when oil or water leaks. In the case of the described invention, there is no such danger.

  Further, in the case of the invention described in claim 4, it is easy to remove the residue of the stick attached to both the claw portions by using the groove portion. That is, it can be removed by inserting a bar or the like from this groove and knocking off the residue attached to the inside of the both claws.

  Further, in the case of the invention described in claim 5, since the cutting device can be moved up and down by a crane and the drive device can be remotely operated, the operator can work at a position away from the molten metal furnace and is safe.

1 to 3 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The slotting device 1 of this example is provided with a pair of claw portions 2 and 2 shown in the lower end portions of FIGS. These two claw portions 2 and 2 are each a graphite plate having high heat resistance, and the substrate portion 3 in the middle portion in the left-right direction in FIGS. It consists of end plate parts 4 and 4 arranged in an obtuse angle direction. Of these, groove portions 5 and 5 are formed in the front end portion of the substrate portion 3 and open to both side surfaces and the front end edge. The base end portions of the plate portions 3 and 4 are respectively coupled to the coupling member 6.
In addition, the said board | substrate part 3 and the said end plate parts 4 and 4 have various heat resistance, such as a ceramic board, the thermal spray board which formed the thermal spray layer of the ceramics on the surface of a metal plate, and it is hard to adhere noro. Board material can be used. Moreover, although SS material (general structural rolled steel) etc. can be used, it is preferable to use a graphite plate in which the attached glue easily peels off. This is because the thermal expansion coefficient is different between the graphite plate and the iron containing iron as a main component, and the shrinkage rate when the steel is pulled up from the molten metal furnace is different, and as a result, the steel can be easily peeled off.

  In any case, the coupling member 6 has a pair of coupling plate portions 7 and 7 in which both end portions are bent at an obtuse angle with respect to the intermediate portion. And the base end part of the said board | substrate part 3 in the left-right direction intermediate part of FIG.1, 3 of these both coupling plate parts 7 and 7, and the base end part of each said end plate part 4,4 on both ends similarly, Each is supported and fixed by bolts. Such a coupling member 6 is formed, for example, by applying a heat-resistant paint (heat-resistant paint) to the surface of a steel member formed in a predetermined shape.

  In the case of this example, the claw portions 2, 2 and the coupling member 6 are supported by a support member 8. The support member 8 includes a base plate portion 9 and a top plate portion 10 each made of a steel plate, and a plurality of pieces (four pieces in the illustrated example) obtained by cutting a steel material (grooved steel in the illustrated example) into a predetermined length. Column parts 11, 11. These column portions 11 and 11 are arranged between the bottom plate portion 9 and the top plate portion 10 in a direction perpendicular to the two plate portions 9 and 10 (vertical direction in FIGS. It fixes to the said both plate parts 9 and 10 by welding etc., respectively. A heat resistant paint is also applied to the surfaces of both plate portions 9 and 10 and the column portions 11 and 11.

  In addition, the coupling member 6 includes a pair of arms (link arms) 12 and 12 in a perpendicular direction from the middle portion of the respective coupling plate portions 7 and 7 and in parallel with each other. The two coupling plates 7 and 7 are fixed by welding or the like so as not to swing. The intermediate portions of the arm portions 12 and 12 are swingably supported by the column portions 11 and 11 constituting the support member 8, respectively. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, each of the column portions 11 and 11 is arranged in a state where the bottom plate side of the grooved steel is opposed to each other. Moreover, the support pins 13 and 13 are supported so that the bottom plates which mutually oppose each other may be spanned to the lower end part of these pillar parts 11 and 11. FIG. The support pins 13 and 13 are loosely inserted into the through holes formed in the intermediate portions of the arm portions 12 and 12, so that the arm portions 12 and 12 are swung into the column portions 11 and 11. Supports freely. Since these arm portions 12 and 12 are fixed to the both coupling plate portions 7 and 7 so as not to swing, both the coupling plate portions 7 and 7 and the both claw portions 2 and 2 are also each arm portion. 12 and 12 are supported so as to be swingable with respect to the column parts 11 and 11.

  In addition, long holes 14 and 14 that are long in the length direction of the respective arm portions 12 and 12 are formed at the distal end portions of the respective arm portions 12 and 12. Moreover, among these arm parts 12 and 12, the arm parts 12 and 12 extended in the direction approaching each other (front and back direction in FIG. 1, left and right direction in FIG. 2, up and down direction in FIG. 3) are crossed. . In this state, a part of the longitudinal direction of each of the long holes 14 and 14 is overlapped in a direction parallel to the support pins 13 and 13 (the horizontal direction in FIGS. 1 and 3 and the front and back direction in FIG. 2). I am letting. In the case of this example, the arm mechanism 12, 12, the support pins 13, 13, the long holes 14, 14, and a pin 19 described later constitute a link mechanism.

  On the other hand, an air cylinder 15 is fixed to the support member 8. That is, the air cylinder 15 is fixed to the lower surface of the top plate 10 constituting the support member 8 in the vertical direction. The central axis of the air cylinder 15 exists at a position equidistant from the coupling plate portions 7 and 7 facing each other. The air cylinder 15 arranged in this manner is composed of a cylinder portion 16 into which compressed air can be introduced and discharged, and a spindle 17 whose base end portion is inserted into the cylinder portion 16 in an airtight manner. And it arrange | positions rather than the coupling member 6 in FIG. The air cylinder 15 of this example is a backward-acting cylinder, and the displacement of the spindle 17 in any direction in the vertical direction is performed by air pressure. For this reason, although not shown, two hoses connected to the compressor are connected to the cylinder portion 16. And while supplying compressed air into the said cylinder part 16 from either hose, the said spindle 17 is displaced to an up-down direction by discharging air from another hose.

  A support block 18 is fixed to the tip of the spindle 17, and a pin 19 is supported on the support block 18 in a direction orthogonal to the spindle 17. The pin 19 is arranged in a direction parallel to the support pins 13 and 13. Then, both end portions of the pin 19 are loosely inserted into the long holes 14 and 14, respectively. The positions where the pins 19 are inserted are equidistant from both the coupling plate portions 7 and 7 that couple the base end portions of the arm portions 12 and 12. Accordingly, when the pin 19 is displaced in the vertical direction, the arm portions 12 and 12 are swung by the engagement of the pin 19 and the long holes 14 and 14, but the arm portions 12 and 12 are swung. The swinging angles are substantially the same. In the case of this example, the air cylinder 15 as described above, the support block 18 and the link mechanism as described above constitute the drive device described in the claims.

  In the case of this example, a hook 20 for suspending the slotting device 1 by a crane and an operating means 21 capable of remotely operating the air cylinder 15 are provided on the top surface of the top plate 10. The operating means 21 includes an operating rod 22 that is swingably supported on the top surface of the top plate portion 10, and a compressed air that is fixed near the tip of the operating rod 22 and is fed into the cylinder portion 16 of the air cylinder 15. And a remote controller 23 for controlling the operation.

  A handle 24 for operating the operating rod 22 is provided at the distal end of the operating rod 22, and a balancer 25 for balancing the swinging direction of the operating rod 22 is provided at the proximal end. Each is provided. In the case of this example, the positioning of the cutting device 1 and the vertical displacement (elevation) are performed by a crane. In this case, the handle 24 is used to prevent the swinging device 1 from shaking and to adjust the position slightly. Do directly. Further, the length of the operation rod 22 is increased so that the operator can perform an operation at a distance of 2 m or more from the molten metal furnace 26 (FIG. 3). In order to facilitate work from such a distance, the balancer 25 is provided at the tip of the operation rod 22 to keep the handle 24 portion horizontal. In practice, the operation bar 22 is shifted in the vertical direction of FIG. 3 so as not to interfere with the hook 20.

  The remote controller 23 is provided near the handle 24 and controls the compressed air to be introduced into and discharged from the cylinder portion 16. In addition to this function, the remote controller 23 operates in the lateral and vertical directions of the crane. You may provide the function which can perform. In this case, the operator can operate the crane and the scraping device 1 while staying at a position close to the molten metal furnace (but 2 m or more away).

  When operating the slot removing device 1 of the present example configured as described above, it is performed as follows. First, prior to removing the chips, by introducing a slag material (for example, a sheet removing material whose main component is iron oxide) into the molten metal furnace, it is easy to collect the chips. Next, the crane is operated by the remote controller 23 to move the blade removing device 1 suspended by the crane onto the molten metal furnace 26, and the crane is further operated to move the blade removing device 1. It is displaced downward and enters the molten metal furnace 26. At this time, both the claw portions 2 and 2 are opened as shown by solid lines in FIG. For this purpose, the position of the pin 19 is positioned at the lowermost end as shown by a solid line in FIG. Then, in the state where the tips of both the claw portions 2 and 2 have reached the surface of the molten metal (the tips are inserted into the slot), the vertical movement (down) of the slotting device 1 is stopped.

  Next, the air cylinder 15 is operated by the remote controller 23, and the spindle 17 of the air cylinder 15 is displaced (raised) upward. Then, based on the engagement between the pin 19 supported on the tip of the spindle 17 and the long holes 14 and 14 formed in the tips of the arms 12 and 12, the tips of the arms 12 and 12 are It is displaced upward together with the spindle 17. Then, the arms 12 and 12 are oscillated and displaced about the support pins 13 and 13 in the direction in which the crossing angle becomes smaller. Such oscillating displacement is allowed by moving the pin 19 through the long holes 14 and 14. As a result, as indicated by a chain line in FIG. 2, both the claw portions 2, 2 to which the arm portions 12, 12 are coupled and fixed are also oscillated, and the distance between the tip portions of the both claw portions 2, 2 is reduced. . Then, the leading edges of both the claw portions 2 and 2 come into contact with or close to each other. In the case of the illustrated example, in addition to the tip edges of the substrate part 3 constituting the both claws 2 and 2, the tip edges of the end plate parts 4 and 4 are also in contact with or close to each other. For this reason, in the state which contact | abutted or adjoined the front-end | tip edge of both the said nail | claw parts 2 and 2, it has the said board | substrate part 3 and each end-plate part 4, 4 in the front-end | tip part of these both claw parts 2 and 2. A space surrounded by

  As described above, by reducing the distance between the tip edges of the claws 2 and 2 on the surface of the molten metal, a part of the slack floated on the surface of the molten metal is gripped by the tips of the claws 2 and 2. It is. Then, in this state, the crane is operated by the remote controller 23 to pull up the cutting device 1. In the case of this example, as described above, a space surrounded by the plate portions 3 and 4 is formed at the tip portions of both the claw portions 2 and 2, so that even if the slot removing device 1 is pulled up, Noro that entered is hard to fall. Therefore, a part of Noro can be grasped more reliably.

  In this way, when a part of the slot is pulled up by the tips of the two claws 2, 2, the part of the slot is pulled up so that another slot attached to the slot and a part of the slot is also dragged. . In this state, the crane is operated to move the blade removing device 1 onto a container for collecting blades, and then the spindle 17 of the air cylinder 15 is displaced downward. Thereby, the space | interval of the front-end | tip parts of both the said nail | claw parts 2 and 2 becomes wide, and the sword grasped by these both claw parts 2 and 2 falls in the said container.

  Note that, as described above, only by widening the distance between both the claw portions 2 and 2, there may be a case where a part of the stick attached to the both claw portions 2 and 2 does not fall. In this case, a part of the stick attached to the outer side surfaces of the two claws 2 and 2 can be dropped from the outside with a stick or the like, but the portion attached to the inner side surface is difficult to drop from the outside. . On the other hand, in the case of this example, by putting, for example, a chisel into each of the grooves 5, 5 provided in the both claws 2, 2, the claws 2, 2 are struck by hitting the chisel with a hammer or the like. A part of the slot attached to the inside can be knocked down.

  According to the slot removing device 1 of this example configured as described above, slots can be efficiently removed. That is, as described above, the pair of claw portions 2 and 2 are arranged near the surface of the molten metal, and the distance between the tip portions of each of the molten metal is reduced so that a part of the surface floating on the surface of the molten metal is grasped. And by raising these nail | claw parts 2 and 2, a part of Noro grasped by these both nail | claw parts 2 and 2 is pulled up, and it exists in the circumference | surroundings which are not grasped by these both nail | claw parts 2 and 2. Noro is also raised together. As a result, all the sludge in the molten metal furnace can be removed by a single operation, which is efficient.

  Further, in the case of this example, the expansion and contraction of both the claw portions 2 and 2 is performed with a simple structure including the air cylinder 15 and the link mechanism, so that even if the work is performed in the vicinity of a hot metal furnace, the machine is broken. Difficult, durable and reliable. Further, since the air cylinder 15 driven by air pressure is used, the safety is higher than a cylinder driven by hydraulic pressure or water pressure. In the case of this example, since the scraping device 1 can be moved up and down by a crane and the drive device can be remotely operated, the operator can work at a position away from the molten metal furnace and is safe.

  In the example of the embodiment described above, a combination of an air cylinder and a link mechanism is used as the driving device, but other means may be used as long as the pair of claws can be expanded and contracted. . For example, an electric motor may be used instead of an air cylinder, or a gear mechanism may be used instead of a link mechanism. Even if a link mechanism is used, various conventionally known structures other than the above-described examples can also be used. Furthermore, a wireless remote control device can be used as the operation means.

The front view which shows one example of embodiment of this invention. Similarly side view. AA sectional drawing of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slotting device 2 Claw part 3 Substrate part 4 End plate part 5 Groove part 6 Coupling member 7 Coupling board part 8 Support member 9 Bottom plate part 10 Top plate part 11 Column part 12 Arm part 13 Support pin 14 Long hole 15 Air cylinder 16 Cylinder Numeral 17 Spindle 18 Support block 19 Pin 20 Hook 21 Operation means 22 Operation rod 23 Remote controller 24 Handle 25 Balancer 26 Molten furnace

Claims (5)

  A slot removing device for taking out a slot in a molten metal furnace, provided with a pair of claw portions and a base end portion of both the claw portions, and a driving device capable of expanding and contracting the distance between the tip portions of the both claw portions; And removing the gap between the tips of both claws by grasping and removing the slot.   The drive device is disposed above the base ends of the both claws, and is provided at an air cylinder that displaces the spindle in the vertical direction by air pressure, and at the base ends of the both claws. The slot removing device according to claim 1, comprising a link mechanism that expands and contracts an interval between the tip portions of both the claw portions.   The link mechanism includes a link arm that is coupled and fixed to the base end portions of both the claw portions, a long hole that is formed in the length direction of each link arm at the distal end portion of each link arm, and the spindle. The pins are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the spindle and supported by the tip of the spindle, and the link arms are in a state where the tips cross each other. The crossing angles of the link arms are displaced by vertically displacing the pins inserted into the long holes so as to be displaceable in the length direction of the long holes together with the spindle. The slot removing device according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the tip portions of both the claw portions is freely adjustable.   Both said nail | claw parts consisted of the board | plate material made from a heat-resistant material, The groove part opened to both sides | surfaces and a front-end | tip edge was formed in the front-end | tip part of these both nail | claw parts, It described in any one of Claims 1-3. Noro device.   The slotting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a hook for suspending the upper end portion by a crane; and an operating means capable of remotely operating the drive device.

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