JP2010011689A - Rotating electrical machine, multilayer rotating electrical machine, electric pump, and single-phase motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten the overall length of a stator of a rotating electrical machine. <P>SOLUTION: The rotating electrical machine includes a stator 1 having a stator core 10 around which a winding 2 is wound, and a rotor 3 which is rotatably disposed facing the stator 1. The stator core 10 is formed with first teeth 121, 123, and 125 and second teeth 122, 124, and 126 which are arranged radially outward in the radial direction and are alternately arranged in the peripheral direction. One end part in the axis direction of each of the first teeth 121, 123, and 125 is formed longer in the axis direction than one end part in the axis direction of each of the second teeth 122, 124, and 126. Facing one end part in the axis direction of each of the second teeth 122, 124, and 126, recessed spaces 122a, 124a, and 126a are formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine such as a motor and a generator, a laminated rotating electric machine, an electric pump, and a single-phase electric motor.

  A brushless motor is known in which a winding is wound around teeth of a stator core formed in a radial shape, and an annular rotor magnet is rotatably disposed around the stator core (for example, a patent) Reference 1). In the motor described in Patent Document 1, the winding is wound in a wave shape through alternately passing through one axial end side and the other axial end side of adjacent teeth.

JP-A-7-227073 (FIGS. 7 and 8)

  However, since the winding of the thing of the said patent document 1 protrudes from the axial direction end surface of a stator core, the axial direction full length of a stator becomes long and it is difficult to reduce a motor in size.

  A rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a stator having a stator core around which a winding is wound, and a rotor disposed so as to be opposed to the stator, the stator core having a radial direction. A first tooth and a second tooth having a predetermined length in the axial direction of the rotor are formed outwardly or inwardly and alternately in the circumferential direction, and at least one axial end portion of the first tooth. Is formed longer in the axial direction than one axial end portion of the second tooth, and has a concave space facing the one axial end portion of the second tooth.

  According to the present invention, since the concave space not having the teeth is formed at the axial end of the stator core, the amount of protrusion in the axial direction of the winding is reduced, and the overall length of the stator can be shortened. it can.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is used as an electric motor will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a main configuration of an electric motor M according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view. The electric motor M is an outer rotor type single-phase brushless motor in which a rotor magnet 3 is rotatably arranged around a stator 1. In FIG. 2, the rotor magnet 3 is not shown.

  The stator 1 includes a stator core 10 and a coil 20 formed by winding the winding 2 around the stator core 10. The stator core 10 includes a central annular part 11 and a plurality (six in the figure) of teeth 12 (first tooth 121 to sixth tooth 126) provided radially outward from the annular part 11. ) And a slot 13 is formed between the teeth 12 in the axial direction. The shapes of the teeth 12 are equal to each other, and the protrusions 14 projecting on both sides in the circumferential direction are provided at the tip portions of the teeth 12.

  The rotor magnet 3 has an annular shape, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the protrusion 14 at the tip of the tooth so as to face each other with a gap. The axial length of the rotor magnet 3 is substantially equal to the axial length of the stator core 10 (see FIG. 9B). The rotor magnet 3 has the same number of six poles as the teeth 12, and the N and S poles of the magnet are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The magnet can be embedded in the rotor itself or can be attached to the inner surface of the rotor.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the stator core 10, FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 4 (b) is a side view. The first teeth 121, the third teeth 123, and the fifth teeth 125 extend outward in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation axis on one end side (the upper end side in FIG. 3) of the annular portion 11. These teeth 121, 123, and 125 are referred to as a first tooth group TG1. The second tooth 122, the fourth tooth 124, and the sixth tooth 126 extend outward in the radial direction orthogonal to the rotation axis on the other end side (lower end side in FIG. 3) of the annular portion 11. These teeth 122, 124, and 126 are referred to as a second tooth group TG2.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the one end side end surface TG1a of the first teeth group TG1 is flush with the one end side end surface 11S1 of the annular portion 11, and the one end side end surface TG2a of the second teeth group TG2 is the annular portion 11. Is separated from the one end side end face 11S1 by a predetermined distance t3. The other end side end surface TG2b of the second tooth group TG2 is flush with the other end side end surface 11S2 of the annular portion 11, and the other end side end surface TG1b of the first teeth group TG1 is the other end side end surface 11S2 of the annular portion 11. More than the predetermined distance t1. That is, the first tooth group TG1 and the second tooth group TG2 each have a predetermined length in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor magnet 3. One end portion in the axial direction of the first teeth group TG1 protrudes outward in the axial direction by a predetermined length t3 from one end portion in the axial direction of the second teeth group TG2, and the other end portion in the axial direction of the second teeth group TG2 It protrudes outward in the axial direction by a predetermined length t1 from the other axial end of the teeth group TG1.

  In the tooth configuration as described above, the first tooth group TG1 and the second tooth group TG2 project from different axial positions of the annular portion 11, and each tooth 121, 123, 125 of the first tooth group TG1 is provided. It arrange | positions alternately with each teeth 122,124,126 of the 2nd teeth group TG2 in the circumferential direction. By adopting such a configuration, concave spaces 122a and 124a126a are formed on one end side of the first teeth group TG1 so as to face one end portion of the second teeth group TG2, and other than the second teeth group TG2. On the end side, concave spaces 121a, 123a, 125a are formed facing the other end of the first tooth group TG1.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 14 at the tip of each tooth is cut off on one side in the circumferential direction (shaded line). That is, the notch 14a is provided in the outer peripheral surface of each teeth 12, and the shape of the tooth | tip tip part is asymmetrical in the circumferential direction. As a result, when the rotation of the rotor is stopped, the center of the tooth 12 and the center of the magnetic pole of the rotor magnet 3 are deviated from each other.

  The stator core 10 is configured by laminating a plurality of plate-like magnetic bodies (for example, iron plates). FIGS. 5A and 5B are plan views of two types of magnetic iron plates 100 and 200 constituting the stator core 10, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5A, the magnetic iron plate 100 includes a central part 110 that constitutes the annular part 11 and teeth parts 101 to 106 that constitute the teeth 121 to 126, respectively. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the magnetic iron plate 200 includes a central portion 210 constituting the annular portion 11, and teeth portions 201 to 203 constituting teeth 121, 123, 125 and teeth 122, 124, 126, respectively. And have.

  The stator core 10 is assembled as follows. First, the teeth portions 201 to 203 are overlapped, and a three-teeth magnetic iron plate 200 is stacked for a predetermined thickness t1 in FIG. Next, the teeth portions 102, 104, and 106 of the six-teeth magnetic iron plate 100 are superimposed on the teeth portions 201 to 203 of the laminated magnetic iron plate 200, respectively, and the magnetic iron plate 100 is laminated by a predetermined thickness t2. Further, the teeth portions 101 to 203 of the three-teeth magnetic iron plate 200 are superposed on the teeth portions 101, 103, and 105 of the laminated magnetic iron plate 100, respectively, and the magnetic iron plate 200 is laminated by a predetermined thickness t3.

  These magnetic iron plates 100 and 200 are fixed together by bonding, caulking, welding, or the like, thereby forming the stator core 10. The stator core 10 assembled in this manner has three teeth at one end in the axial direction, and further has three teeth at the other end in the axial direction with a phase shifted by 60 °. There are 6 teeth in the center in the axial direction.

  FIGS. 4C and 4D are diagrams showing a modification of the stator core 10. The stator core 10 shown in FIG. 4C is assembled as follows. First, the teeth 201 to 203 are overlapped, and the magnetic iron plate 200 is stacked by a predetermined thickness t1. Next, the magnetic iron plate 200 is laminated on the laminated magnetic iron plate 200 by a predetermined thickness t3 by shifting the phase by 60 °. In this example, the stator core 10 can be configured with only the magnetic iron plate 200 of 3 teeth without having 6 teeth in the center in the axial direction.

  The stator core 10 shown in FIG. 4D is assembled as follows. First, the teeth portions 201 to 203 are overlapped, and the magnetic iron plate 200 is stacked by a predetermined thickness t1. Next, a ring-shaped magnetic iron plate 300 having no tooth portion is laminated on the laminated magnetic iron plate 200 by a predetermined thickness t2. Further, the magnetic iron plate 200 is laminated on the laminated magnetic iron plate 300 by a predetermined thickness t3. At this time, the magnetic iron plate 200 is laminated with a phase shifted by 60 ° with respect to the magnetic iron plate 200 laminated first.

  FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the shape of the coil 20 of FIG. This coil 20 is obtained by bending a ring-shaped coil 20 wound in four turns in two upper and lower stages as shown in FIG. 6B. That is, the coil 20 extends in the circumferential direction and extends in the circumferential direction with the coil portions 21, 23, 25 respectively disposed in the recessed spaces 121 a, 123 a, 125 a on one end side of the stator core 10. The coil portions 22, 24, and 26 are disposed in the recessed spaces 122a, 124a, and 126a on the other end side of the child core 10, respectively, and are extended in the axial direction and disposed in the slots 13 between adjacent teeth. And a coil portion 27. The coil portions 21, 23, 25 and the coil portions 22, 24, 26 are connected in series by a coil portion 27, and the coil 20 is formed by bending in a wave shape via alternately one end side and the other end side of the tooth 12. Has been.

  FIG. 7A is a side view showing a state in which the coil 20 is wound around the stator core 10 of FIG. 4B, and particularly shows the coil portions 22 and 23. The coil portions 22 and 23 are disposed in the recessed spaces 122a and 123a, respectively, which are regions without the teeth 12. For this reason, the coil parts 22 and 23 are located inside the axial end face of the stator core 10, and the coil parts 22 and 23 do not protrude from the end face of the stator core 10. In such a configuration, when a current is passed through the coil 20, the tips of the teeth 12 are magnetized, and the tips of adjacent teeth 12 become the north and south poles, respectively. When the current flow is reversed, the magnetic pole at the tip of the tooth is also reversed. By alternately changing the magnetic poles in this way, it is possible to generate rotational torque in the rotor 2 (FIG. 1).

  FIGS. 7B and 7C are side views showing a state in which the coil 20 is wound around the stator core 10 of FIGS. 4C and 4D, respectively. In FIG. 7B, the coil 20 is easily wound by winding the winding 2 because the center portion of the stator core 10 does not have 6 teeth. In addition, by bending the coil 20 in FIG. 6B in advance as shown in FIG. 6A and inserting a plurality of magnetic iron plates 200 in accordance with the recesses of the coil 20 from both sides, The coil 20 can also be wound. The coil 20 of FIG. 6B can be bent and the coil 20 can be wound around the magnetic iron plate 100 of 6 teeth.

  In FIG. 7C, a ring-shaped magnetic iron plate 300 is provided at the center of the stator core 10, and the annular coil 20 shown in FIG. 6B is wound around the magnetic iron plate 300. ing. Since the coil 20 can be inserted outside the magnetic iron plate 300 after being laminated by a predetermined thickness t2, the coil 20 can be easily wound. The coil 20 can also be wound by winding the winding 2 around the ring-shaped magnetic iron plate 300 a plurality of times.

  When comparing FIGS. 7A to 7C, in the example of FIG. 7A, coil portions are disposed around the teeth 12 so as to surround the teeth 12. For example, the coil part 27, the coil part 22, and the coil part 27 are disposed around the teeth 122, and the coil part 27, the coil part 23, and the coil part 27 are disposed around the teeth 123, respectively. For this reason, since the length of the coil | winding 2 surrounding the teeth 12 is comparatively long, the magnetic force of the tooth | tip tip part becomes large and rotational torque is also large. On the other hand, as the coil shape is changed as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the magnetic force at the tip of the tooth is reduced and the rotational torque is also reduced.

  FIG. 8A is a perspective view showing another example of the stator core 10 (modified example of FIG. 3), and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the main part in the axial direction thereof. In FIG. 8, the axial length is longer than the radial length of the teeth 12, and the ratio of the axial length of the teeth 12 is larger than that of FIG. As a result, the length of the winding 2 disposed in the slot 13 is increased, the magnetic force at the tip of the tooth is increased, and the rotational torque of the rotor 2 can be sufficiently increased.

  FIG.9 (b) is sectional drawing which shows the application example of the rotary electric machine which concerns on this Embodiment. FIG. 9A is a comparative example of the present embodiment, and is an example having six teeth over the entire axial length of the stator core 10. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a stator core 10 is fixed to the support member 5 of the rotating electrical machine. A rotation shaft 4 a of the yoke 4 is rotatably supported at the center of the stator core 10 via a support member 5. A rotor magnet 3 is attached to the outer peripheral edge of the yoke 4 so as to face the tip of the teeth. The support member 5 has a hole 9 for attaching a hall element.

  Here, in FIG. 9B, the coil 20 is positioned on the inner side in the axial direction than the axial end surface of the stator core 10. For this reason, the stator core 10 can be fixed without causing interference with the coil 20 by bringing the end face of the tooth 12 into contact with the surface of the support member 5. Thereby, a rotary electric machine can be comprised compactly to an axial direction. On the other hand, in FIG. 9A, the coil 20 protrudes outward in the axial direction from the axial end surface of the stator core 10, and the total axial length of the stator core 10 is longer. Moreover, in order to avoid interference with a coil end, it is necessary to provide the recessed part 5a in the support member 5, and the teeth 12 cannot be made to contact | abut on the surface of the support member 5. FIG.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the electric motor M of FIG. 9B is incorporated in an electric pump for a vehicle. The electric motor M is accommodated in the pump case 8 via the lid member 6. An impeller 7 is fixed on the surface of the yoke 4 so that the impeller 7 can rotate in the pump case 8. When the impeller 7 is rotated by energization of the coil 20, the liquid is sucked through the suction port 81. The sucked liquid is pressurized and discharged from the discharge port. By using such an electric motor M as a drive source of the electric pump, the axial length of the pump can be shortened, and the vehicle can be reduced in size.

According to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(1) The stator core 10 is provided with six teeth 121 to 126 having a predetermined length radially in the circumferential direction and along the rotation axis direction of the rotor magnet 3, and three teeth 121 and 123 on one end side in the axial direction. , 125 and three teeth 122, 124, 126 are disposed on the other axial end side, respectively. That is, one end in the axial direction of the teeth 121, 123, 125 is formed longer in the axial direction than one end in the axial direction of the teeth 122, 124, 126, and faces the one end of the teeth 122, 124, 126. , 124a, 126a were formed. Further, the other axial end portions of the teeth 122, 124, 126 are formed longer in the axial direction than the other axial end portions of the teeth 121, 123, 125, and face the other end portions of the teeth 121, 123, 125. Thus, the concave spaces 121a, 123a, and 125a are formed. Thereby, the coil | winding 2 can be arrange | positioned in the concave spaces 121a-126a, and the coil 20 can be wound around the teeth 12, and the axial direction length of the stator 1 can be shortened.

(2) Since the stator core 10 is configured by laminating the two types of magnetic iron plates 100, 200, the configuration of the stator core 10 is easy.
(3) Since the winding 2 is wound around the stator core 10 alternately through the concave spaces 121a to 126a on the one end side and the other end side of the stator core 10, the coil 20 is wound. Easy. The coil end can be eliminated without the coil 20 protruding in the axial direction, and the electric motor M can be reduced in size.
(4) Since six teeth portions are provided in the central portion of the stator core 10 in the axial direction, and the coil 20 is disposed along the axial direction in the slot 13 between the teeth, the magnetic force at the tip portion of the teeth is large. Thus, the rotational torque can be increased.
(5) Since the coil 20 is disposed in the concave spaces 121a to 126a so as not to protrude from the axial end surface of the stator core 10, the end surface of the stator core 10 can be brought into contact with the support member 5 (see FIG. 9) The stator core 10 can be easily fixed.
(6) Since the notch 14a is provided on one side in the circumferential direction of the protrusion 14 at the tip of the tooth so as to face the rotor magnet 3, the motor can be easily driven by the single-phase power source.

  In addition, the stator 1 of the electric motor M according to the present embodiment can be used by stacking a plurality of stages. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of this laminated rotating electrical machine. In FIG. 11A, the stator 1 is stacked in two stages, and in FIG. 11B, the stator 1 is stacked in three stages. In this way, the output torque of the single-phase motor can be doubled and tripled by stacking the stator 1 in two stages and three stages. In the present embodiment, since the coil 20 does not protrude from the end face of the stator core 10, the stator 1 can be easily stacked.

  As shown in FIG. 11 (a), when the 6-tooth stator 1 is stacked in two stages, the phases are shifted by 15 ° in the circumferential direction, and the electrical angle is shifted by 90 ° for stacking. Good. Thus, a two-phase motor can be configured. Further, as shown in FIG. 11B, when the 6-tooth stator 1 is stacked in three stages, the phases are shifted by 20 ° in the circumferential direction, and the electrical angle is shifted by 120 ° for stacking. May be. Thus, a three-phase motor can be configured. In this case, not only the output torque is doubled and tripled, but also the torque pulsation (torque pull) can be reduced.

  In the embodiment described above, the rotor is disposed outside the stator 1 to form the outer rotor type. However, an inner rotor type in which the rotor is disposed inside the stator 1 may be used. Although it has a configuration of six teeth having the first teeth group TG1 as the first teeth and the teeth group TG2 as the second teeth, concave spaces are formed alternately in the circumferential direction at the axial end of the teeth 12. If it is, the structure of the stator core 10 is not restricted to this. That is, as long as the first teeth and the second teeth are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, the stator core 10 may have any configuration. FIG. 12 is a view showing a modification of the stator core 10. FIG. 12 shows a cross section of the axially central portion of the stator core 10, and concave spaces are alternately formed in the circumferential direction at the axial end portions in the same manner as described above.

  FIG. 12A shows an outer rotor type stator. The stator core 10 is provided with twelve teeth 12 radially outward in the radial direction. A substantially rectangular slot 13 is formed between adjacent teeth, and coils 20 are arranged in a row in the slot 13. Such a configuration can be used for a large structure such as a water turbine generator. On the other hand, FIG. 12B shows an inner rotor type stator. The stator core 10 is provided with twelve teeth 12 radially inward in the radial direction, and coils are arranged in a row in slots 13 between adjacent teeth. 20 is arranged.

  In the above-described embodiment, the regions without the teeth 12 for the predetermined lengths t1 and t3 are provided at both axial ends of the stator core 10 to form the concave spaces 121a to 126a. A space may be formed. Although the coil 20 is disposed so as not to protrude from the end face of the stator core 10, the protrusion of the coil 20 may not be completely eliminated if the amount of protrusion of the coil 20 is reduced. The magnetic iron plate 100 is provided with teeth portions 101, 103, 105 as first tooth portions and teeth portions 102, 104, 106 as second tooth portions, and the magnetic iron plate 200 is provided with a first tooth portion and Although the teeth portions 201 to 203 as the second teeth portions are provided, the configuration of the plate-like magnetic body is not limited to this. The stator core 10 may be configured by other than the lamination of magnetic materials.

  The coil 20 is wound in a wave shape through alternately passing through one end and the other end of adjacent teeth. However, the shape of the coil 20 is not limited to this, and for example, the winding 2 is intensively wound at every slot pitch. You may make it turn. In the above embodiment, the rotor magnet 3 is disposed so as to face the stator core 10, but various types of rotors can be used. In addition to the surface magnet type rotor and the embedded magnet type rotor, a DC field type Rundel type rotor having a slip ring and a brush, a cage type rotor having an inductor, a reluctance type rotor, and the like can also be used. That is, the present invention is not limited to the rotating electrical machine of the embodiment as long as the features and functions of the present invention can be realized.

The top view which shows the main structures of the electric motor which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The perspective view of FIG. 1 (partially omitted). The perspective view which shows the structure of the stator core of FIGS. (A) is a top view which shows the structure of a stator core, (b)-(d) is a side view. (A), (b) is a top view of the magnetic iron plate which comprises a stator core, respectively. (A), (b) is a perspective view which shows the shape of the coil wound around a stator core, respectively. (A)-(c) is a side view which shows the state which wound the coil around the stator core, respectively. (A) is a perspective view which shows the modification of FIG. 3, (b) is principal part sectional drawing of Fig.3 (a). (B) is a figure which shows the application example of the rotary electric machine which concerns on this Embodiment, (a) is a figure which shows the comparative example of FIG.9 (b). The side view which shows the structure of the electric pump which concerns on this Embodiment. (A), (b) is a side view which respectively shows the structure of a lamination | stacking rotary electric machine. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the modification of a stator core, respectively.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator 2 Winding 10 Stator core 12 Teeth 20 Coils 121-126 Teeth 121a-126a Recessed space 100,200 Magnetic iron plates 101-106, 201-203 Teeth part

Claims (11)

A stator having a stator core around which windings are wound;
A rotor disposed rotatably facing the stator,
The stator core is formed with first teeth and second teeth having a predetermined length in the axial direction of the rotor, alternately in the radial direction outward or inward and in the circumferential direction,
At least one axial end portion of the first tooth is formed longer in the axial direction than the axial end portion of the second tooth, and a concave space is formed facing the axial one end portion of the second tooth. Rotating electric machine characterized by being made. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
The stator core is configured by laminating a plurality of plate-like magnetic bodies in the axial direction,
The rotating electrical machine characterized in that the plate-like magnetic body arranged at the one end has a first tooth portion constituting the first tooth. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1,
Furthermore, the other axial end portion of the second tooth is formed longer in the axial direction than the other axial end portion of the first tooth, and is recessed to face the other axial end portion of the first tooth. A rotating electrical machine characterized in that a space is formed. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 3,
The stator core is configured by laminating a plurality of plate-like magnetic bodies in the axial direction,
The plate-like magnetic body disposed at the one end portion has a first tooth portion constituting the first tooth, and the plate-like magnetic body disposed at the other end portion is formed by the second tooth portion. A rotating electrical machine having a second tooth portion constituting a tooth. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 4,
Furthermore, the said plate-shaped magnetic body arrange | positioned at an axial direction intermediate part has a said 1st teeth part and a said 2nd teeth part, The rotary electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. In the rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2,
The rotating electric machine is characterized in that the winding is wound through the concave space. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The winding is wound in a wave shape by alternately passing through a recessed space on one end side in the axial direction of the second tooth and a recessed space on the other end portion in the axial direction of the first tooth. Rotating electric machine. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 6 or 7,
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the winding is disposed in the concave space without protruding from the axial end surfaces of the teeth on both sides in the circumferential direction.   A laminated rotating electrical machine comprising: a plurality of stages of the stator of the rotating electrical machine according to claim 8 stacked on an axial end surface of the teeth.   It is an electric pump driven by the rotary electric machine of Claim 8, Comprising: The said stator core is supported by the supporting member via the axial direction end surface of the said tooth, The electric pump characterized by the above-mentioned. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is a single-phase motor driven by a single-phase power source,
A single-phase electric motor characterized in that protrusions are provided on both sides in the circumferential direction at the tip of the teeth facing the rotor, and a notch is provided on one of the protrusions facing the rotor. .

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