JP2010009094A - Numerical control device having function of superimposing moving pulse used for high-speed cycle processing and nc program instruction - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a numerical control device having the function of superimposing a moving pulse used for high-speed cycle processing and NC program instructions. <P>SOLUTION: The numerical control device having high-speed cycle processing function of repeatedly executing the same operation includes a first storage means which stores moving pulse data for one cycle used for the high-speed cycle processing; a first conversion means 4 which analyses an NC program and converts the analyzed NC program to a moving pulse per unit processing time; a composition means 5 which composes the moving pulse converted by the first conversion means 4 with the moving pulse data stored in the first storage means 1; a composed instruction means 10 which instructs a composition timing in the composition means 5; and a control means which controls a motor, based on a composed moving pulse output from the composition means 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a numerical control device having a function of processing a workpiece by high-speed cycle processing that performs high-speed and periodic operations.

  In the numerical control device (CNC), in order to perform high-speed cycle machining, the machining shape is converted into high-speed cycle data and stored in a storage device in the numerical control device, and the high-speed cycle data is called by a CNC command. The amount of pulses is read out from the data and high-speed cycle machining is executed. For example, when grinding inside a cylinder cylinder installed vertically, the grindstone is moved up and down at high speed by high-speed cycle operation, and the grindstone is moved along the shape of the cylinder inner wall.

  A specific command method for high-speed cycle machining will be described. In the high-speed cycle machining, first, unit cycle data is created for each axis by combining pulses for determining the movement amount per unit processing time in numerical control, and one cycle data is created by combining a plurality of unit cycle data. Similarly, a plurality of cycle data having different operations are created, and header data describing the execution order and the number of repeated executions is created for each created cycle data.

  A collection of this header data and each cycle data is data for high-speed cycles. During high-speed cycle operation, the data for this high-speed cycle is read and movement of each axis is executed. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for processing a workpiece by the above-described high-speed cycle processing.

  The above-described data creation will be described based on an example of cycle data (see FIG. 1) when high-speed cycle machining is performed with a 5-axis machine. The data for high-speed cycle machining is created by storing in the storage area the movement pulse (a unit of movement amount data transmitted to the drive system, which outputs the movement amount corresponding to the pulse amount) obtained by calculation. Unit cycle data (data that summarizes the movement pulse amount of each axis per unit processing time) and a header file that instructs the number of executions and the execution order thereof.

  The example of the cycle data shown in FIG. 1 includes a header file, a first unit cycle data,..., An Nth cycle data. According to the first unit cycle data, 200 pulses on the 1st axis, 0 pulses on the 2nd axis, 100 pulses on the 3rd axis, 0 pulse on the 4th axis, 0 pulses on the 5th axis, Commanded to each axis of the processing machine.

  FIG. 2 shows the relationship between unit cycle data and cycle data for one cycle created by collecting a plurality of unit cycle data using a graph of position (of the control axis of the processing machine) and time. The relationship between the cycle data for one cycle and the unit cycle data shown in FIG. 1 is as shown in FIG.

JP 2002-283205 A

  In order to execute a complex operation combining the periodic operation of high-speed cycle machining and the operation of the conventional numerical control program (NC program) using only the current high-speed cycle machining function, the operation data obtained by synthesizing the above operations is used. It is necessary to create in advance data specified by the amount of movement pulse of each axis (see FIG. 1).

  If the high-speed cycle machining is performed by a command that regularly repeats the same operation as shown in the operation B of FIG. 3B, it is realized by repeatedly executing the same cycle data. On the other hand, in the case of a command for performing an operation with no regularity as shown in the operation A of FIG. 3A, it is necessary to create cycle data for all operations from the start to the end of machining. The creation of data for performing operations with no regularity requires a very detailed work, and the creation of the data takes a lot of time and effort. And there existed a subject that the capacity | capacitance of the produced data became large.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention superimposes a moving pulse used in high-speed cycle machining and an NC program command that can superimpose a command for repeating the same operation regularly and a command of an NC program. An object of the present invention is to provide a numerical controller having a function.

The invention according to claim 1 of the present application is a numerical control device having a function of high-speed cycle machining that repeatedly executes the same operation, and a first memory that stores data of movement pulses for one cycle used in the high-speed cycle machining. Means, storage means for storing the NC machining program,
Analyzing the NC machining program stored in the storage means, converting the analyzed NC machining program into a movement pulse per unit processing time, and the movement pulse converted by the first conversion means And combining means for combining the movement pulses stored in the first storage means, and control means for controlling the motor based on the combined movement pulses output from the combining means. A numerical control device having a high-speed cycle machining function.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the numerical control apparatus according to the first aspect, the second conversion means for counting the operation amount of the manual pulse generation means and converting it into the movement pulse, and the manual operation based on the data set in the parameter. It further comprises at least one of third conversion means for converting the command value of the sending means into a movement pulse, and the synthesis means outputs the movement pulse converted by at least one conversion means of the first to third conversion means. 2. The numerical control device having a high-speed cycle machining function according to claim 1, wherein the numerical control device is combined with a movement pulse stored in the first storage means.

  The invention according to claim 3 is to start synthesizing the movement pulse stored in the first storage means and the movement pulse converted by any one of the first to third conversion means at an arbitrary timing. The numerical control device having a high-speed cycle machining function according to claim 1, wherein the numerical control device has a high-speed cycle machining function.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the numerical control device having a high-speed cycle machining function according to claim 3, wherein the arbitrary timing is a timing that is satisfied under a predetermined condition.

  The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the predetermined condition is one or more of a condition designated by the NC machining program and a condition designated by an external signal. A numerical control device having the described high-speed cycle machining function.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the synthesizing by the synthesizing means is performed by synthesizing movement pulses converted into movement pulses per unit processing time of the numerical control apparatus and subjected to acceleration / deceleration processing. A numerical control device having the high-speed cycle machining function according to any one of Items 1 to 5.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that after the synthesis of the movement pulse stored in the first storage means is started, the movement pulse data is repeatedly synthesized. It is a control device.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a numerical control device capable of desired high-speed cycle machining by superimposing an NC machining program having no regularity on a command for repeating the same operation.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the present invention realizes the operation of the operation A (FIG. 4A) by superimposing the operation B performing the same operation (FIG. 4B) and the movement amount by the NC program. It is a numerical control device. In this way, an operation with no regularity can be realized by superimposing the movement amount by the NC machining program on the operation of repeating the same operation regularly.

  5 and 6 are diagrams for explaining that the numerical control device according to the present invention operates by superimposing the operation by the high-speed cycle machining and the operation by the NC program. It is assumed that the operation by the NC program is the operation shown in block 1, block 2, and block 3, as shown in FIG. Further, it is assumed that the repetitive operation by the high-speed cycle machining is performed in the section corresponding to the blocks 1 to 3 in FIG. 5C, as shown in FIG. Then, the superimposed operation becomes a superimposed operation as shown in FIG. 5A by superimposing a repetitive operation by high-speed cycle machining and an arbitrary operation by the NC program.

FIG. 6 shows an example of high-speed cycle data for high-speed cycle machining and an NC program for arbitrary operation when performing the superposition operation shown in FIG. FIG. 6A is an example of high-speed cycle data that is repeatedly registered and registered in the macro variable. The meaning of this data example is the same as the description of the first unit cycle data shown in FIG. FIG. 6B is an example of the NC program of block 1 to block 3. The meaning of each block will be described.
(Block 1) Incremental command, linear interpolation command, X-axis 10.0 mm, cutting at a speed of 100 mm / min
(Block 2) (Incremental command, linear interpolation command), cutting at X axis 10.0 mm, speed 50 mm / min
(Block 3) (Incremental command, linear interpolation command), cutting at X axis 10.0 mm, speed 30 mm / min
Note) Since the incremental command and linear interpolation command are modal commands, the incremental command and linear interpolation command continue in both block 2 and block 3.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of grinding a workpiece surface having a level difference by the superimposing method of the present invention. The example in the case of grinding the workpiece surface which has a level | step difference shown by Fig.7 (a) is shown. Convex parts with steps are formed on the surface of the workpiece with irregular periods. As shown in FIG. 7A, the tool of the processing machine performs grinding at high speed along the workpiece surface. Then, as shown in FIG. 7B, the tool of the processing machine is driven and controlled so as to grind along the workpiece surface.

The state of processing on the workpiece surface will be described with reference to FIG. The surface of the workpiece has a step, and the distance between the step is different, and there may be a difference between the step and the height of the step. When grinding the surface of a workpiece having such a step, the following [1] to [4] are performed.
[1] Only high-speed cycle operation is performed without superposition.
[2] High-speed cycle operation is performed by superimposing movement by NC program commands suitable for the step shape.
[3] Cancel superposition of movement by NC program command.
[4] Only high-speed cycle operation is performed without superposition.

  When grinding the surface of a workpiece having a step by only high-speed cycle machining, it is necessary to input the position and size of the step in advance into the storage device of the numerical controller as cycle machining data before operation. In the present invention, high-speed cycle machining can be easily realized by calling an NC program corresponding to the shape of the step and superimposing the movement amount commanded by the NC program.

  Next, the above-described superposition control described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 will be described with reference to the first embodiment of the present invention described in FIG. The cycle data (movement pulse) stored in the high-speed cycle machining cycle data storage means 1 is called by the high-speed cycle command calling means 2. The moving pulse as cycle data is registered as a macro variable as shown in FIG. 6, for example. As can be understood from the example of FIG. 6, movement pulses for each axis are set in the data for high-speed cycle machining. The movement pulse called by the high-speed cycle command calling means 2 is output to the pulse synthesizing means 5.

  On the other hand, the NC program stored in the NC program storage means 3 is called by the NC program command call / analysis means 4. The NC program command is converted into a moving pulse by the NC program command calling / analysis means 4. The moving pulse obtained by converting the NC command is also output to the pulse synthesizing means 5.

  The pulse synthesizing means 5 is a means for calculating a movement pulse obtained by synthesizing both of the movement pulses input from the high-speed cycle command calling means 2 and the movement pulses input from the NC program command calling / analysis means 4. . The movement pulse synthesized by the pulse synthesizing means 5 is output to the axis control means 6, and the motor 7 at the subsequent stage is controlled based on the movement pulses. The shaft control means 6 is connected to the motor 7 through an amplifier (not shown).

  The combining timing of the moving pulse of the cycle data and the moving pulse obtained by converting the NC program can be combined at an arbitrary timing. For example, in FIG. 6B, in the example of the NC program composed of incremental commands, each block is analyzed and a moving pulse per processing unit time is obtained. Then, the moving pulse obtained from the cycle data and the moving pulse obtained from the NC program are calculated by the pulse synthesizing means 5.

  Alternatively, the synthesis timing of the moving pulse of the cycle data and the moving pulse obtained by converting the NC program can be specified by the NC machining program analyzed by the NC program command calling / analyzing means 4. As a designation method, designation can be made based on the position of the control axis. As the position of the control axis, it is possible to use the coordinate information of the current position stored in the current position register (not shown) that the numerical control apparatus normally has.

  The synthesis command means 10 in the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 starts and ends the output of the movement pulse to the pulse synthesis means 5 with respect to the high-speed cycle command calling means 2 in response to an NC program command. Command the control.

  8 receives a detection signal from the displacement detection means (see the displacement sensor 81 in FIG. 10B), and based on the detection result of the displacement detection sensor 81, the synthesis command means. 10 can issue commands to the NC program command calling / analysis means 4 and the high-speed cycle command calling means 2.

  The NC program command calling / analyzing means 4 starts and ends the movement pulse output obtained by converting the NC program. The synthesis command means 10 issues a start and end command for moving pulse output based on the external signal. As the external signal, for example, as shown in FIG. 10B, a detection signal from a detection means such as a displacement sensor 81 that can detect a stepped portion on the surface of the workpiece may be used. . As the external sensor, various means such as a contact-type means such as an optical type and a touch sensor can be adopted. In addition, since it is a well-known technique to obtain | require the shape of the workpiece surface using a displacement sensor, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to superimpose movement pulses of a plurality of NC programs on the high-speed cycle operation. A plurality of NC programs A, B, and C are stored in the NC program storage means 3 described with reference to FIG. Then, the NC program command calling / analyzing unit 4 calculates the movement pulses and outputs the movement pulses to the pulse synthesizing unit. The pulse synthesizing unit 5 is configured to superimpose movement pulses of a plurality of NC programs at arbitrary timings, such as simultaneously superimposing them on repetitive movement pulses in high-speed cycle operation, or superimposing them in order. Also good.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the moving pulse of the high-speed cycle data and the moving pulse obtained by analyzing the NC program and performing interpolation processing and distribution processing are subjected to acceleration / deceleration processing, and then pulse combining means. 5 is synthesized. The movement pulse obtained by the pulse synthesizing means 5 is input to the axis control means 6, servo control of position / velocity / current control is executed, and drive control of the subsequent motor is performed via an amplifier (not shown).

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is that a second conversion means (manual pulse generation means) and a third conversion means (manual feed means) are further provided. The first converting means is NC program command calling / analyzing means 4.

  The synthesis command means 10 selects at least one from the NC program command calling / analysis means 4, the second conversion means 8, and the third conversion means 9 as the first conversion means, and from the selected means The moving pulse is output to the pulse synthesizing means 5. Which conversion means is selected may be set in advance in the compositing command means 10 or may be manually input means (LCD / MDI unit 70) shown in FIG.

  The timing for synthesizing the moving pulse is determined in accordance with an instruction based on the NC program or the start or end of pulse synthesis based on an external signal, as described in the embodiment shown in FIG. . A manual pulse generator 71 shown in FIG. 13 is used as the manual pulse generator that constitutes the second converter 8. Further, the manual feeding means constituting the third converting means 9 uses manual feeding means (not shown) provided in the LCD / MDI unit 70 shown in FIG.

By providing the second conversion means (manual pulse generation means) and the third conversion means (manual feed means), fine adjustment of the processing can be performed during the processing operation. It can respond flexibly to the situation.
For example, consider a case where the polishing position is moved several millimeters up while the NC program is superimposed on the high-speed cycle processing. In such a case, the NC program cannot be changed during operation, but the target machining is performed by superimposing the operation of moving the tool position to a desired position by the second conversion means or the third conversion means. Can be realized.

  FIG. 13 is a principal block diagram of the numerical controller 100. This numerical control device 100 is an example of controlling a 5-axis processing machine including an X axis, a Y axis, a Z axis, a B axis, and a C axis. A processor (CPU) 11 of the numerical controller 100 is a processor that controls the entire numerical controller 100. The processor 11 reads a system program stored in the ROM 12 via the bus 21 and controls the numerical controller 100 as a whole according to the system program. The RAM 13 stores temporary calculation data, various data input by the operator via the display data tailband LCD / MDI unit 70, and the like. The SRAM 14 is backed up by a battery (not shown), and is configured as a non-volatile memory that retains a stored state even when the power of the numerical controller 100 is turned off. The machining program (NC) read via the interface 15 Program), data for high-speed cycle machining, machining programs input via the LCD / MDI unit 70, and the like are stored.

  In the ROM 12, various system programs for executing processing in an edit mode necessary for creating and editing an NC machining program and processing for automatic operation are written in advance. A control program for executing desired machining by superimposing the repeated operation of the high-speed cycle function and the operation by the NC program of the present invention is also stored in advance.

  The interface 15 is an interface for an external device that can be connected to the numerical controller 100, and is connected to an external device (not shown) such as a hard disk or a flash memory. From an external device, a machining program (NC program), data for high-speed cycle machining, and the like are read. In addition, the external device can store a machining program edited in the numerical controller 100, high-speed cycle machining data, and the like via an interface.

  A PMC (programmable machine controller) 16 controls an auxiliary device of the processing machine, for example, an actuator such as a robot hand for tool change, by a sequence program built in the numerical controller 100.

  The LCD / MDI unit 70 is a manual data input device provided with a display and a keyboard. The interface 18 receives commands and data from the keyboard of the LCD / MDI unit 70 and passes them to the processor 11. The interface 19 is connected to the manual pulse generator 71 and receives a pulse from the manual pulse generator 71. The manual pulse generator 71 is mounted on the operation panel, and is used to precisely position the tool by controlling each axis by a distribution pulse based on manual operation.

  Each of the five axis control circuits 30 to 34 for moving the tool or the workpiece from the X axis to the C axis receives the movement command for each axis from the processor 11 and outputs the command for each axis to the servo amplifiers 40 to 44. . Each axis servo motor has a built-in position / speed detector (not shown), and this position / speed feedback signal is fed back to the axis control circuits 30 to 34 to perform position / speed feedback control.

The spindle control circuit 60 receives a spindle rotation command and outputs a spindle speed signal to the spindle amplifier 61. The spindle amplifier 61 receives this spindle speed signal and rotates the spindle motor 62 at the commanded rotational speed. The spindle motor 62 incorporates a speed detector (not shown), and a speed feedback signal is fed back to the spindle control circuit 60 for speed feedback control.
Further, the numerical controller 1 has an interface (not shown) for receiving an output signal from the displacement sensor 81 shown in FIG.

  Next, the numerical control apparatus 100 that executes the superimposition control method of the present invention will be described from the viewpoint of functions with reference to FIG. 8 described above. The high-speed cycle machining cycle data storage means 1 is means for storing cycle data for performing high-speed cycle machining. The high-speed cycle command calling means 2 is means for calling a movement pulse that is cycle data stored in the high-speed cycle machining cycle data storage means. The NC program storage means 3 is a means for storing the NC program. The NC program command call / analysis means 4 is a means for calling an NC program stored in the NC program storage means 3 to analyze the NC command and convert it into a moving pulse. As the NC program storage means 3 and the high-speed cycle machining cycle data storage means 1, for example, the SRAM 14 is used as a specific means in the numerical control device 100 shown in FIG.

  The moving pulse obtained by analyzing the NC program and the moving pulse obtained by calling the cycle data are synthesized by the pulse synthesizing means 5. The synthesized pulse movement amount obtained by the synthesis is sent to the axis control means 6, and the axis control means 6 drives and controls the motor that drives each axis according to the synthesized pulse movement quantity.

  The high-speed cycle command calling unit 2, the NC program command calling / analyzing unit 4, and the pulse synthesizing unit 5 are configured as programs executed by the processor 11 in the numerical controller 100 shown in FIG. 13, for example. The axis control means 6 corresponds to the axis control circuits 30 to 34 and the servo amplifiers 40 to 44. The motor 7 corresponds to the servo motors 50 to 54.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an algorithm for performing high-speed cycle machining using the superposition control of the present invention. Hereinafter, it demonstrates according to each step.
A pulse is acquired from the cycle data (step ST1), and it is determined whether or not the superimposing function for high-speed cycle machining is valid. If it is not valid, the process is terminated and if valid, the process proceeds to step ST3 (step ST2). .

  Next, it is determined whether or not it is a high-speed cycle machining superposition mode. If it is not the superposition mode, the process is terminated, and if it is the superposition mode, the process proceeds to step ST4 to obtain a pulse of an arbitrary operation by the NC program. (Step ST4), the pulse amount of the arbitrary operation by the NC program is superimposed on the pulse amount of the cycle operation (Step ST5), and the process is terminated.

It is an example of the cycle data for 1 cycle in a 5-axis processing machine. It is a figure which shows the relationship between unit cycle data and 1 cycle data. It is a figure which shows typically the operation | movement which repeats the same operation | movement regularly, and the operation | movement without regularity. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement which does not have regularity by superimposing the movement amount by NC program on the operation | movement which repeats the same operation regularly. It is a figure which shows an example which applied this invention to the control apparatus. It is an example of the high-speed cycle data which performs a driving | operation repeatedly by this invention. It is an example in the case of grinding the workpiece surface which has a level | step difference. It is a functional block diagram explaining the superimposition of the cycle data and NC program which are the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining superimposing the movement pulse of a some NC program on a high-speed cycle driving | operation. It is a figure explaining detecting a level | step difference using a displacement sensor. It is a functional block diagram explaining the superposition control method of the present invention. It is a functional block diagram explaining superimposition of cycle data and NC program which are the 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a functional block diagram which shows embodiment of the numerical control apparatus of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the algorithm which performs high-speed cycle processing by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High-speed cycle machining cycle data storage means 2 High-speed cycle command calling means 3 NC program storage means 4 NC program command calling / analysis means 5 Pulse synthesis means 6 Axis control means 7 Motor 8 Second conversion means (manual pulse generation means)
9 Third conversion means (manual feed means)
10 Compositing command means 81 Displacement sensor

Claims (7)

In a numerical control device having a function of high-speed cycle machining that repeatedly executes the same operation,
First storage means for storing movement pulse data for one cycle used in the high-speed cycle machining;
Storage means for storing the NC machining program;
First converting means for analyzing the NC machining program stored in the storage means, and converting the analyzed NC machining program into moving pulses per unit processing time;
Combining means for combining the movement pulse converted by the first conversion means with the movement pulse stored in the first storage means;
Control means for controlling the motor based on the synthesized movement pulse output from the synthesis means;
A numerical control device having a high-speed cycle machining function. The numerical control device according to claim 1 includes a second conversion unit that counts an operation amount of the manual pulse generation unit and converts it into a movement pulse, and a command value of the manual feed unit based on data set in the parameter. Further comprising at least one of third conversion means for converting to
The synthesizing means synthesizes the movement pulse converted by at least one of the first to third conversion means with the movement pulse stored in the first storage means. A numerical controller having a high-speed cycle machining function according to claim 1.   3. The synthesis of the movement pulse stored in the first storage means and the movement pulse converted by any one of the first to third conversion means is started at an arbitrary timing. A numerical controller having a high-speed cycle machining function according to any one of the above.   The numerical control device having a high-speed cycle machining function according to claim 3, wherein the arbitrary timing is a timing that is satisfied under a predetermined condition.   5. The high-speed cycle machining function according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined condition is one or more of a condition designated by the NC machining program and a condition designated by an external signal. Numerical control unit.   6. The synthesis by the synthesizing means is performed by synthesizing movement pulses converted into movement pulses per unit processing time of the numerical control apparatus and subjected to acceleration / deceleration processing. Numerical control device having the high-speed cycle machining function described in 1.   7. The numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein after the synthesis of the movement pulse stored in the first storage means is started, the movement pulse data is repeatedly synthesized.

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