JP2010008719A - Three-dimensional display - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-dimensional display that can reduce a feeling of discomfort given to an observer even when the observer is farther than an appropriate distance away from the three-dimensional display. <P>SOLUTION: The three-dimensional display includes a display panel 10 and a parallax barrier 20 as a light travelling control part. The display panel 10 includes dots 11-18 that display a plurality of images disposed to provide a plurality of images corresponding to the eight viewpoints to a plurality of observation regions 11A-18A. The parallax barrier 20 allows the light that travels from a predetermined dot to travel to a predetermined observation region of the observation regions 11A-18A. The pitch of the observation regions 11A-18A in the plane 30 apart from the parallax barrier 20 by a fixed distance A is 1/m (m representing an integer of 2 or more) of a standard human interocular distance E. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device capable of autostereoscopic viewing.

  A three-dimensional display device having a parallax barrier or a lenticular lens is known as a device for displaying a stereoscopic image without using special glasses (Patent Document 1). Such a three-dimensional display device provides a slightly different image to the left eye and the right eye of a human so that a displayed video is recognized by a human as a three-dimensional image.

  At the beginning of the development of the three-dimensional display device, a device (two-view three-dimensional display device) that prepares only two images and distributes these images to the left and right eyes has been proposed. However, in the two-viewpoint three-dimensional display device, the position of the observer's head is regulated, and when the head is moved to the left and right, the image for the right eye is visually recognized by the left eye and the image for the left eye is visually recognized by the right eye. There is a problem of reverse vision. For this reason, an apparatus (multi-viewpoint three-dimensional display apparatus) that prepares more images and distributes two of the images to the left and right eyes is being proposed (Patent Document 2). The multi-viewpoint 3D display device has a disadvantage that the resolution deteriorates because there is an image that is not distributed to the left and right eyes, but the observer's head moves to the left and right as compared with the 2-viewpoint 3D display device. There is an advantage that it is possible to recognize a stereoscopic image as seen from different angles depending on the position of the observer's head, and to enable observation by a plurality of observers.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional multi-viewpoint three-dimensional display device. This multi-viewpoint three-dimensional display device includes a display panel 10 and a parallax barrier 20 as a light progress control unit. The display panel 10 includes a large number of dots 11, 12, 13, and 14. The plurality of dots 11 cooperate to display the first image, the plurality of dots 12 cooperate to display the second image, and the plurality of dots 13 cooperate to display the third image. The plurality of dots 14 cooperate to display the fourth image. That is, the display panel 10 displays four images corresponding to four viewpoints.

  The parallax barrier 20 includes a transparent substrate 21 and a light shielding portion 22 formed on the substrate 21. Openings 23 are formed at a predetermined pitch in the light-shielding portion 22, and light is allowed to travel through the openings 23. Light traveling from the plurality of dots 11 reaches the observation region 11 </ b> A through the opening 23 on the plane 30 that is separated from the parallax barrier 20 by an appropriate distance. Light traveling from the plurality of dots 12 reaches the observation region 12A in the plane 30 through the opening 23, and light traveling from the plurality of dots 13 passes through the opening 23 in the observation region 13A in the plane 30. The light traveling from the plurality of dots 14 reaches the observation region 14A on the plane 30 through the opening 23.

  Therefore, if the observer's eyes are in the observation area 11A, the first image formed by the dots 11 is visually recognized by the eyes, and if the observer's eyes are in the observation area 12A, the dots 12 are present in the eyes. If the second image formed by the user is visually recognized and the observer's eyes are in the observation area 13A, the third image formed by the dots 13 is visually recognized by the eyes, and the observer's eyes are observed by the observation area 14A. The fourth image formed by the dots 14 is visually recognized by the eyes. In FIG. 1, it is assumed that the right eye ER is in the observation region 12A and the left eye EL is in the observation region 13A. In this case, as shown in the part S of FIG. 1, the right eye ER visually recognizes only the second image 2A corresponding to the observation area 12A, and the left eye EL corresponds to the third image 3A corresponding to the observation area 13A. The observer's brain constructs a stereoscopic view with these different images.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method of determining the dimensions of each part of the three-dimensional display device of FIG. Since the display panel 10, the parallax barrier 20, and the plane 30 are parallel, it is apparent that the following formula is established from the triangle similarity rule in FIG. 2.
A / E = D / B. . . (1)
Here, A is the distance (appropriate distance) from the plane 30 to the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20, E is the interocular distance of the observer, and D is the dot of the display panel 10 from the dot of the parallax barrier 20. This is the distance to the opening 23, and B is the dot pitch in the horizontal direction in the figure.

In addition, it is clear that the following equation holds from the similarity rule of triangles.
A / P = (A + D) / nB. . . (2)
Here, P is the pitch of the openings 23 in the horizontal direction in the figure, and n is the number of images realized by the three-dimensional display device, that is, the number of viewpoints (4 in the illustrated example).
The following equations are obtained from equations (1) and (2).
P = nBE / (B + E). . . (3)

JP 2002-305759 A JP 2007-336002 A

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an optical path when the observer of the three-dimensional display device of FIG. 1 is farther from the parallax barrier 20 than the appropriate plane 30. Unlike the case of FIG. 1, in this case, not only the dot 12 but also the light from the dots 11 and 13 reach the observer's right eye ER, and the left eye EL has not only the dot 13 but also the dots 12 and 14. The light from also arrives.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the visual field of the right eye ER of the observer partially includes not only the entire observation region 12A but also the observation regions 11A and 13A on both sides thereof. As shown, the right eye ER visually recognizes the first image 1A corresponding to the observation region 11A and the third image 3A corresponding to the observation region 13A in addition to the second image 2A corresponding to the observation region 12A. Similarly, the field of view of the left eye EL of the observer partially includes not only the entire observation area 13A but also the observation areas 12A and 14A adjacent to both, and as a result, as shown in the part S, the left eye In addition to the third image 3A corresponding to the observation region 13A, the EL visually recognizes the second image 2A corresponding to the observation region 12A and the fourth image 4A corresponding to the observation region 14A.

  As a result, FIG. 5A shows an image visually recognized by the right eye ER, and FIG. 5B shows an image visually recognized by the left eye EL. Since the first image 1A is viewed at one end of the field of view of the right eye ER and the second image 2A is viewed at the same end of the field of view of the left eye EL, a three-dimensional view (3D in the figure) is established in the brain. In the vicinity thereof, the second image 2A is visually recognized by both eyes ER and EL, so that two-dimensional viewing (2D in FIG. 3) is performed. In addition, since the third image 3A is viewed at the other end of the field of view of the right eye ER and the fourth image 4A is viewed at the same end of the field of view of the left eye EL, three-dimensional viewing (3D in the figure) is established in the brain. However, in the vicinity, the third image 3A is visually recognized with both eyes ER and EL being overlapped, so that a two-dimensional view (2D in the figure) is obtained. As described above, if a portion of the two-dimensional view is generated in the three-dimensional view, the viewer feels uncomfortable and the stereoscopic effect is impaired.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a three-dimensional display device that reduces a sense of discomfort given to an observer even when the three-dimensional display device is separated from an appropriate distance.

The three-dimensional display device according to the present invention includes a display panel on which dots for displaying the plurality of images are arranged in order to provide a plurality of images corresponding to three or more viewpoints in a plurality of observation regions, A light progression control unit that allows light traveling from a predetermined dot of the display panel to travel to a predetermined observation region among the plurality of observation regions, and the plane in a plane separated from the light progression control unit by a certain distance The horizontal pitch of the plurality of observation areas is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of a standard human interocular distance.
Here, the fixed distance is a distance necessary for light from a plurality of dots constituting one image corresponding to one viewpoint to gather through the light progression control unit, that is, one image is visually recognized on one eye. It ’s a reasonable distance. In the present invention, the pitch of the observation region on a plane that is a fixed distance (appropriate distance) from the light progression control unit is 1 / m of the interocular distance. According to this configuration, when the distance from the 3D display device is more than an appropriate distance, a plurality of images are visually recognized by the right eye and a plurality of images are also visually recognized by the left eye, but the same for the right eye and the left eye. It is possible to avoid a situation where images overlap and are visually recognized, and it is possible to reduce a sense of discomfort given to an observer.

In this three-dimensional display device, the display panel has dots arranged at a pitch B in one direction, and the light progression control unit is a parallax barrier having a light shielding unit and a plurality of openings through which light passes. The openings are arranged at a pitch P in the direction, and when the interocular distance is E and the number of viewpoints corresponding to the plurality of images is n, the following expression is satisfied. Good.
P = nBE / (mB + E)
When the light progression control unit is a parallax barrier, the pitch of a plurality of observation areas on a plane separated from the 3D display device by an appropriate distance becomes 1 / m of the interocular distance by such a parameter design.

As another embodiment, in the display panel, dots are arranged at a pitch B in one direction, and the light progression control unit is a lenticular lens that refracts light at a predetermined angle. The lenses of the curl lens may be arranged at a pitch P, and when the interocular distance is E and the number of viewpoints corresponding to the plurality of images is n, the following expression may be satisfied.
P = nBE / (mB + E)
When the light progression control unit is a lenticular lens, the pitch of a plurality of observation areas on a plane that is appropriately separated from the three-dimensional display device is 1 / m of the interocular distance by such parameter design.

  When the observation area pitch is 1 / m of the interocular distance (m is an integer of 2 or more), there is at least one observation area that is not visible at the time of visual recognition between the observation areas that are visually recognized by both eyes. It means to do. The more such observation areas, the worse the resolution. Therefore, m is preferably 2. If m is 2, the reduction in resolution can be minimized.

According to another aspect, in the 3D display device according to the present invention, in order to provide a plurality of images corresponding to three or more viewpoints in a plurality of observation regions, dots for displaying the plurality of images are arranged. And a light progression control unit that allows light traveling from a predetermined dot of the display panel to travel to a predetermined observation region among the plurality of observation regions. Providing a first area and a second area each including a plurality of images that have traveled through the light progression control unit on a second plane that is distant from the plurality of observation areas on a plane that is a distance away. A plurality of images included in the first region and a plurality of images included in the second region, and a plurality of images included in the first region; A plurality of images included in the second area Is to have the same phase difference in the horizontal direction, characterized in that the horizontal pitch of the plurality of observation area in the plane is set.
In a second plane that is a fixed distance away from the plane of the original observation area, a plurality of images included in each of the first area and the second area corresponding to both human eyes are the same in the horizontal direction (that is, By having the same shift width), even when there are human eyes on the second plane, the situation in which the same image enters both eyes is reduced. In other words, even in a place away from the appropriate position, a situation in which a part of the two-dimensional view is generated in the three-dimensional view and the viewer feels uncomfortable is reduced.

In this three-dimensional display device, it is preferable that the horizontal pitch of the plurality of observation regions on the plane is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of a standard human interocular distance.
In this way, by setting the pitch of the observation area on the plane at the appropriate position, the plurality of images included in each of the first area and the second area on the second plane have the same phase difference in the horizontal direction. Can easily be realized.

Hereinafter, various embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the ratio of dimensions of each part is appropriately different from the actual one.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The three-dimensional display device includes a display panel 10 and a parallax barrier 20 as a light progress control unit.

  The display panel 10 may be a light-emitting panel in which a large number of electro-optical elements (for example, organic EL elements) whose light emission characteristics change according to applied electric energy, or light transmission according to the applied electric energy. An electro-optical panel in which a large number of electro-optical elements (for example, liquid crystal elements) whose characteristics change may be arranged. The display panel 10 includes a large number of dots 11 to 18. The plurality of dots 11 cooperate to display the first image, the plurality of dots 12 cooperate to display the second image, and the plurality of dots 13 cooperate to display the third image. The plurality of dots 14 cooperate to display the fourth image. Similarly, the dots 15 to 18 correspond to the fifth to eighth images. In this way, the displayed image varies depending on the number assigned to the dot. That is, the display panel 10 displays 8 images corresponding to 8 viewpoints.

  The parallax barrier 20 includes a transparent substrate 21 and a light shielding portion 22 formed on the substrate 21. Openings 23 are formed at a predetermined pitch P in the light shielding portion 22, and light travels through the openings 23. The parallax barrier 20 may be a type in which the positions of the light shielding portion 22 and the opening portion 23 are fixed, or light is transmitted through the light shielding portion 22 and the opening portion 23 according to applied electric energy such as a liquid crystal element. A type in which the positions of the light shielding portion 22 and the opening portion 23 are variable may be provided by an electro-optical element whose characteristics change. The parallax barrier 20 is disposed in parallel to the display panel 10 at a distance D.

  The light traveling from the plurality of dots 11 reaches the observation region 11A through the opening 23 on the plane 30 separated from the parallax barrier 20 by an appropriate distance A. The appropriate distance A is a distance necessary for light from a plurality of dots constituting one image corresponding to one viewpoint to gather through the parallax barrier 20. Light traveling from the plurality of dots 12 reaches the observation region 12A in the plane 30 through the opening 23, and light traveling from the plurality of dots 13 passes through the opening 23 in the observation region 13A in the plane 30. The light traveling from the plurality of dots 14 reaches the observation region 14A on the plane 30 through the opening 23. Similarly, the dots 15 to 18 correspond to the observation areas 15A to 18A.

  Therefore, if the observer's eyes are in the observation area 11A, the first image formed by the dots 11 is visually recognized by the eyes, and if the observer's eyes are in the observation area 12A, the dots 12 are present in the eyes. If the second image formed by the user is visually recognized and the observer's eyes are in the observation area 13A, the third image formed by the dots 13 is visually recognized by the eyes, and the observer's eyes are observed by the observation area 14A. The fourth image formed by the dots 14 is visually recognized by the eyes. Similarly, the observation areas 15A to 18A correspond to the fifth to eighth images. Thus, on the plane 30 that is an appropriate distance A and away from the parallax barrier 20, different images are visually recognized according to the observation area.

  The pitch of the observation areas 11A to 18A is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of the standard human eye distance E. In the illustrated form, m = 2 and the pitch of the observation regions 11A to 18A is E / 2. A standard human interocular distance E is 62 to 65 mm. In an actual design, for example, it is preferable that E = 65 mm.

  In FIG. 6, it is assumed that the right eye ER is in the observation region 13A and the left eye EL is in the observation region 15A. In this case, as shown in the part S of FIG. 6, the right eye ER visually recognizes only the third image 3A formed by the dots 13 corresponding to the observation region 13A, and the left eye EL corresponds to the observation region 15A. Only the fifth image 5A formed by the dots 15 to be viewed is visually recognized, and the observer's brain constructs a stereoscopic view by these different images.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when the observer of the 3D display device of FIG. 6 is farther from the parallax barrier 20 than the appropriate plane 30. Unlike the case of FIG. 6, in this case, not only the dot 13 but also the light from the dots 12, 14, and 15 reach the observer's right eye ER, and not only the dot 15 but also the dot 13 , 14, 16 also reach the light.

  Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 8, the visual field of the right eye ER of the observer includes not only one observation region 13A but also the observation regions 12A and 14A on both sides thereof, and further includes observation regions 11A and 15A. As a result, as shown in the part S, the right eye ER has the first image 1A corresponding to the observation region 11A and the second image corresponding to the observation region 12A in addition to the third image 3A corresponding to the observation region 13A. An image 2A, a fourth image 4A corresponding to the observation region 14A, and a fifth image 5A corresponding to the observation region 15A are visually recognized. Similarly, the field of view of the left eye EL of the observer includes not only the entire observation region 15A but also the observation regions 14A and 16A on both sides thereof, and further includes observation regions 13A and 17A. As a result, as shown in the portion S, the left eye EL has a third image 3A corresponding to the observation region 13A and a fourth image corresponding to the observation region 14A in addition to the fifth image 5A corresponding to the observation region 15A. An image 4A, a sixth image 6A corresponding to the observation region 16A, and a seventh image 7A corresponding to the observation region 17A are visually recognized.

  As a result, FIG. 9A shows an image visually recognized by the right eye ER, and FIG. 9B shows an image visually recognized by the left eye EL. Since the first image 1A is viewed at one end of the field of view of the right eye ER and the third image 3A is viewed at the same end of the field of view of the left eye EL, three-dimensional viewing (3D in the figure) is established in the brain. Further, in the vicinity thereof, the second image 2A is visually recognized by the right eye ER and the third image 3A is visually recognized by the left eye EL, and as a result of overlapping, the three-dimensional vision is also established in the brain. Further, in the vicinity thereof, the second image 2A is visually recognized by the right eye ER, and the fourth image 4A is visually recognized by the left eye EL. As a result of overlapping, the three-dimensional vision is also established in the brain. Further, in the vicinity thereof, the third image 3A is visually recognized by the right eye ER, and the fourth image 4A is visually recognized by the left eye EL, and as a result of overlapping, the three-dimensional vision is also established in the brain. Thus, since there are few portions where the same image overlaps in the right eye ER and the left eye EL, the portion of the two-dimensional view becomes incapable of being sensed by a normal person, and the portion that is viewed two-dimensionally substantially disappears.

  That is, since the pitch of the observation areas 11A to 18A is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of the standard human interocular distance E, the observer is further away from the parallax barrier 20 than the appropriate plane 30. Even in this case, the image group visually recognized by the right eye ER (here, the image group of the images 1A to 5A from FIG. 8) and the image group visually recognized by the left eye EL (here FIG. 8). Thus, two images constituting the three-dimensional view (for example, the image 1A of the right eye ER and the image 3A of the left eye EL in FIG. 9 as well as the right eye ER of the images 3A to 7A). The image 2A and the left eye EL image 4A, etc.) are shifted to the right eye ER and the left eye EL in the same manner. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 described in the related art, the number of overlapping portions of the same image is reduced, and a sense of incongruity is not felt even at a position away from the appropriate position as in the conventional case. In this way, in the second plane that is a certain distance away from the plane of the original observation area, the plurality of images included in each of the first area and the second area corresponding to both human eyes are the same in the horizontal direction. By having a phase difference (that is, the same shift width), even when both human eyes are on the second plane, the situation in which the same image enters both eyes is reduced. In other words, even in a place away from the appropriate position, a situation in which a part of the two-dimensional view is generated in the three-dimensional view and the viewer feels uncomfortable is reduced.

  As described above, in this embodiment, a plurality of images are visually recognized by the right eye ER and a plurality of images are also visually recognized by the left eye EL, but the same images are visually overlapped by the right eye ER and the left eye EL. It is possible to avoid such a situation, and it is possible to reduce or prevent a sense of discomfort given to the observer.

Returning to FIG. 6, a method for determining the dimensions of each part of the three-dimensional display device will be described. Since the display panel 10, the parallax barrier 20, and the plane 30 are parallel, it is apparent that the following formula is established from the similarity law of triangles in FIG. 6.
A / E = D / mB. . . (4)
Here, A is the distance (appropriate distance) from the plane 30 to the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20, and E is the interocular distance of the observer, for example, 65 mm. As described above, m is the ratio of the interocular distance E to the pitch of the observation regions 11A to 18A. D is the distance from the dots of the display panel 10 to the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20, and B is the pitch of the dots in the horizontal direction in the figure.

In addition, it is clear that the following equation holds from the similarity rule of triangles.
A / P = (A + D) / nB. . . (5)
Here, P is the pitch of the openings 23 in the horizontal direction in the figure, and n is the number of images realized by the three-dimensional display device, that is, the number of viewpoints (8 in the illustrated example).
The following equations are obtained from equations (4) and (5).
P = nBE / (mB + E). . . (6)

When the light travel control unit that controls the travel direction of light from the display panel 10 is a parallax barrier, a plurality of observation regions on the plane 30 that are separated from the three-dimensional display device by an appropriate distance by such parameter design. The pitch of 11A to 18A is 1 / m of the interocular distance E. If m = 2 as shown in the figure, equation (6) can be rewritten as follows.
P = nBE / (2B + E). . . (7)

  FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the relationship between the display panel 10 and the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20 in the first embodiment. In the figure, numerals 11 to 18 indicate dots 11 to 18, and suffixes R, G, and B indicate dot display colors (R indicates red, G indicates green, and B indicates blue). In the display panel 10, the same type of dots are arranged in a line in the vertical direction of FIG. Further, in the horizontal direction of FIG. 10, the patterns of R, G, and B are repeated in one row, and the patterns of dots 11 to 18 corresponding to different viewpoints are also repeated. For such arrangement pattern dots, a parallax barrier 20 having an opening 23 (shown by an imaginary line) extending long in the vertical direction of the figure can be used.

  FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the relationship between another example of the display panel 10 in the first embodiment and the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20. In the display panel 10, dots of the same display color are arranged in a line in the vertical direction of FIG. 11, but the patterns of dots 11 to 18 corresponding to different viewpoints are repeated in the line. Further, in the horizontal direction of FIG. 11, the patterns of R, G, and B are repeated in one row, and the patterns of dots 11 to 18 are also repeated. For such arrangement pattern dots, it is possible to use a parallax barrier 20 in which a large number of short openings 23 (indicated by phantom lines) are arranged stepwise in the diagonal direction of the figure.

  The example in which the number of images realized by the three-dimensional display device, that is, the number of viewpoints n is 8, and the ratio m of the interocular distance E to the pitch of the observation area at the appropriate position has been described. However, if n is 3 or more and m is 2 or more, n and m can be arbitrarily selected. If so selected, the same image overlaps the right eye ER and the left eye EL. The situation where it is visually recognized can be avoided, and the uncomfortable feeling given to the observer can be reduced or prevented.

  However, m is preferably 2 for the following reasons. That the pitch of the observation areas 11A to 18A is 1 / m of the interocular distance (m is an integer of 2 or more), between the observation areas visually recognized by both eyes (for example, observation areas 13A and 15A in FIG. 6) This means that there is at least one observation region (for example, observation region 14A in FIG. 6) that cannot be visually recognized at the time of visual recognition. The more such observation areas, the worse the resolution. If m is 2, the reduction in resolution can be minimized.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a three-dimensional display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This three-dimensional display device includes a display panel 10 similar to that of the first embodiment, and a lenticular lens 40 as a light progression control unit. The lenticular lens 40 is a sheet in which a plurality of semi-elliptical columnar convex lenses 41 are arranged so that their axes are parallel. The lenticular lens 40 is disposed in parallel with the display panel 10 at an appropriate distance. The appropriate distance is a distance necessary for light from a plurality of dots constituting one image corresponding to one viewpoint to gather through the convex lens 41 of the lenticular lens 40.

  Light traveling from the plurality of dots 11 reaches the observation region 11 </ b> A through the opening 23 on the plane 30 separated from the lenticular lens 40 by an appropriate distance. Light traveling from the plurality of dots 12 reaches the observation region 12A in the plane 30 through the opening 23, and light traveling from the plurality of dots 13 passes through the opening 23 in the observation region 13A in the plane 30. The light traveling from the plurality of dots 14 reaches the observation region 14A on the plane 30 through the opening 23. Similarly, the dots 15 to 18 correspond to the observation areas 15A to 18A.

  Therefore, if the observer's eyes are in the observation area 11A, the first image formed by the dots 11 is visually recognized by the eyes, and if the observer's eyes are in the observation area 12A, the dots 12 are present in the eyes. If the second image formed by the user is visually recognized and the observer's eyes are in the observation area 13A, the third image formed by the dots 13 is visually recognized by the eyes, and the observer's eyes are observed by the observation area 14A. The fourth image formed by the dots 14 is visually recognized by the eyes. Similarly, the observation areas 15A to 18A correspond to the fifth to eighth images. Thus, on the plane 30 that is an appropriate distance from the lenticular lens 40, different images are visually recognized according to the observation area.

  The pitch of the observation areas 11A to 18A is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of the standard human eye distance E. In the illustrated form, m = 2 and the pitch of the observation regions 11A to 18A is E / 2.

  Also in this embodiment, when the observer is farther from the lenticular lens 40 than the appropriate plane 30, the reason is exactly the same as the reason described in the first embodiment with reference to FIGS. By this, a plurality of images are visually recognized by the right eye ER and a plurality of images are also visually recognized by the left eye EL. However, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the same image is visually recognized by overlapping the right eye ER and the left eye EL. It is possible to reduce or prevent discomfort given to the observer.

The method for determining the dimensions of each part of the three-dimensional display device according to this embodiment is similar to the method for determining the dimensions of each part of the three-dimensional display device according to the first embodiment with reference to FIG. That is, the pitch P of the convex lens of the lenticular lens 40 is obtained from the following equation.
P = nBE / (mB + E). . . (8)
Here, n is the number of images realized by the three-dimensional display device, that is, the number of viewpoints (8 in the illustrated example), B is the pitch of dots in the horizontal direction in the figure, E is the interocular distance of the observer, For example, it is 65 mm. As described above, m is the ratio of the interocular distance E to the pitch of the observation regions 11A to 18A.

When the light travel control unit that controls the travel direction of light from the display panel 10 is a lenticular lens, a plurality of observation regions on the plane 30 that are separated from the three-dimensional display device by an appropriate distance by such parameter design. The pitch of 11A to 18A is 1 / m of the interocular distance E. As shown in the figure, if m = 2, equation (8) can be rewritten as follows.
P = nBE / (2B + E). . . (9)

  FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the relationship between the display panel 10 and the convex lens 41 of the lenticular lens 40 in the second embodiment. In the figure, numerals 11 to 18 indicate dots 11 to 18, and suffixes R, G, and B indicate dot display colors. In the display panel 10, dots of the same type are arranged in a line in the vertical direction of FIG. 13. Further, in the horizontal direction of FIG. 13, the patterns of R, G, and B are repeated in one row, and the patterns of dots 11 to 18 corresponding to different viewpoints are also repeated. A lenticular lens 40 having a convex lens 41 (indicated by an imaginary line) whose axis extends in the vertical direction in the figure can be used for dots having such an arrangement pattern.

  FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the relationship between another example of the display panel 10 in the second embodiment and the convex lens 41 of the lenticular lens 40. In the display panel 10, dots of the same display color are arranged in a line in the vertical direction of FIG. 14, but the patterns of dots 11 to 18 corresponding to different viewpoints are repeated in the line. Further, in the horizontal direction of FIG. 14, the patterns of R, G, and B are repeated in one row, and the patterns of dots 11 to 18 are also repeated. For such arrangement pattern dots, a lenticular lens 40 having a convex lens 41 (indicated by a virtual line) whose axis extends in an oblique direction in the figure can be used.

  Also in this embodiment, the number of images realized by the three-dimensional display device, that is, the number of viewpoints n is 8, and the ratio m of the interocular distance E to the pitch of the observation region at the appropriate position is 2. However, if n is 3 or more and m is 2 or more, n and m can be arbitrarily selected. If so selected, the same image overlaps the right eye ER and the left eye EL. The situation where it is visually recognized can be avoided, and the uncomfortable feeling given to the observer can be reduced or prevented. However, m is preferably 2 for the same reason as described above with respect to the first embodiment.

<Application>
Next, an electronic apparatus to which the three-dimensional display device according to the present invention is applied will be described. FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a mobile personal computer using the three-dimensional display device 1 according to any of the above embodiments as an image display device. The personal computer 2000 includes the three-dimensional display device 1 and a main body 2010. The main body 2010 is provided with a power switch 2001 and a keyboard 2002.
FIG. 16 shows a mobile phone to which the three-dimensional display device 1 according to any one of the above embodiments is applied. The cellular phone 3000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 3001, scroll buttons 3002, and the three-dimensional display device 1. By operating the scroll button 3002, the screen displayed on the three-dimensional display device 1 is scrolled.
FIG. 17 shows an information portable terminal (PDA: Personal Digital Assistant) to which the three-dimensional display device 1 according to any one of the above embodiments is applied. The information portable terminal 4000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 4001, a power switch 4002, and the three-dimensional display device 1. When the power switch 4002 is operated, various types of information are displayed on the three-dimensional display device 1.

  As electronic devices to which the organic EL device according to the present invention is applied, in addition to those shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, a digital still camera, a television, a video camera, a car navigation device, a pager, an electronic notebook, electronic paper, a calculator, Examples include a word processor, a workstation, a videophone, a POS terminal, a video player, and a device equipped with a touch panel.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the conventional multiview three-dimensional display apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the method to determine the dimension of each part of the three-dimensional display apparatus of FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an optical path when an observer of the three-dimensional display device of FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an observation region visually recognized by each eye of an observer when the observer of the three-dimensional display device of FIG. 1 is farther from the parallax barrier 20 than an appropriate plane 30. It is a figure for demonstrating the image visually recognized by the observer in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the three-dimensional display apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an optical path when the observer of the three-dimensional display apparatus of FIG. 6 leaves | separates from the parallax barrier 20 rather than the appropriate plane 30. FIG. It is a figure which shows the observation area visually recognized with each eye of an observer when the observer of the three-dimensional display apparatus of FIG. 6 leaves | separates from the parallax barrier 20 rather than the appropriate plane 30. It is a figure for demonstrating the image visually recognized by the observer in FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the relationship between the display panel 10 and the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20 in the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a relationship between another example of the display panel 10 and the opening 23 of the parallax barrier 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the three-dimensional display apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the relationship between the display panel 10 and the convex lens 41 of the lenticular lens 40 in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the relationship between the other example of the display panel 10 in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and the convex lens 41 of the lenticular lens 40. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the electronic device using the three-dimensional display apparatus which concerns on one of said embodiment for an image display apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the electronic device using the three-dimensional display apparatus which concerns on any one of said embodiment for an image display apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the electronic device using the three-dimensional display apparatus which concerns on any one of said embodiment for an image display apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Three-dimensional display apparatus, 10 ... Display panel, 11-18 ... Dot, 20 ... Parallax barrier, 21 ... Board | substrate, 22 ... Light-shielding part, 23 ... Opening part, 30 ... Plane, E ... Interocular distance, ER ... Right eye, EL ... left eye, 11A to 18A ... observation region, 40 ... lenticular lens, 41 ... convex lens

Claims (6)

In order to provide a plurality of images corresponding to three or more viewpoints in a plurality of observation regions, a display panel in which dots for displaying the plurality of images are arranged;
A light progression control unit that allows light traveling from a predetermined dot of the display panel to travel to a predetermined observation region among the plurality of observation regions;
The horizontal pitch of the plurality of observation regions on a plane separated from the light progression control unit by a certain distance is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of a standard human interocular distance. 3D display device. In the display panel, dots are arranged at a pitch B in one direction,
The light progression control unit is a parallax barrier having a light shielding unit and a plurality of openings through which light is transmitted, and the openings are arranged at a pitch P in the direction,
2. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein the following expression is satisfied when the interocular distance is E and the number of viewpoints corresponding to the plurality of images is n.
P = nBE / (mB + E) In the display panel, dots are arranged at a pitch B in one direction,
The light progression control unit is a lenticular lens that refracts light at a predetermined angle, and each lens of the lenticular lens is arranged at a pitch P,
2. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein the following equation is satisfied when the interocular distance is E and the number of viewpoints corresponding to the plurality of images is n.
P = nBE / (mB + E)   The three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein m is two. In order to provide a plurality of images corresponding to three or more viewpoints in a plurality of observation regions, a display panel in which dots for displaying the plurality of images are arranged;
A light progression control unit that allows light traveling from a predetermined dot of the display panel to travel to a predetermined observation region among the plurality of observation regions;
A first region and a second region each including a plurality of images traveling through the light progression control unit on a second plane separated from the plurality of observation regions on a plane separated from the light progression control unit by a certain distance It is possible to provide an area and
The plurality of images included in the first region and the plurality of images included in the second region can be viewed in three dimensions, and the plurality of images included in the first region and the second region A three-dimensional display device in which a horizontal pitch of the plurality of observation regions on the plane is set so that a plurality of images included in the image have the same phase difference in the horizontal direction. 6. The three-dimensional display according to claim 5, wherein a horizontal pitch of the plurality of observation areas on the plane is 1 / m (m is an integer of 2 or more) of a standard human interocular distance. apparatus.

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