JP2010000506A - Extraction method of vegetable-derived extract and extraction apparatus of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an extraction method of vegetable-derived extract and an extraction apparatus of the same, simplified in extraction work of the vegetable-derived extract and in structure of the extraction apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: Western red cedar contained in an extraction vessel 12 is heated and pressurized by saturated steam in a sealed vessel 13 to vaporize volatile effective components. Inside pressure of a second vessel 12b communicated with a first vessel 12a is set higher than the atmospheric pressure, and lower than that of the first vessel 12a, to directly introduce the vaporized effective components to extracted liquid from the western red cedar contained in the second vessel 12b. The effective component contained in the gas-liquid mixture in the second vessel 12b is vaporized to gas, to extract extraction oil from the gas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an extraction method of an active ingredient extracted from a plant and an extraction apparatus thereof, and more particularly to an extraction method and an extraction apparatus of an extract of a cypress plant used as a lawn pest control agent and the like. is there.

Generally, cypress plants as plant materials contain active ingredients such as hinokitiol having functions such as antibacterial and bactericidal properties. And the extracted oil containing this active ingredient is extracted from the cypress plant, and is utilized for the said antimicrobial and sterilization purpose. As an extraction method of this extracted oil, a method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known, and this extraction method will be described. First, cut the cypress into fine blasting equipment. And it processes for 10 minutes with the saturated steam pressure of gauge pressure 34.323 * 10 < ⁵ > Pa and the cooking temperature of about 240 degreeC. A part of the volatile active ingredient contained in cypress is vaporized by this steaming treatment, and water vapor containing the active ingredient is led to a condenser and cooled at 15 to 25 ° C. to make a liquid. Furthermore, the liquid extracted from cypress at the time of explosion is added to the liquid obtained from this condenser, and the mixed liquid is subjected to steam distillation with a steam distillation apparatus. And the cypress extract oil is acquirable by carrying out the specific gravity separation of the liquid obtained by vaporization by the steam distillation and being cooled by the cooling device into oil and moisture, and separating the oil.

JP-A-4-1329797.

  However, in the above conventional extraction method, after mixing the liquid obtained by condensing the water vapor containing the vaporized active ingredient and the liquid extracted by the explosion treatment, the liquid mixture is subjected to steam distillation to obtain the active ingredient. Extraction oil containing is extracted. Therefore, the volatile active ingredient contained in the extracted oil is once vaporized and condensed into a liquid, and then extracted after being vaporized and liquefied again. Therefore, a plurality of work steps are required until the active ingredient contained in the cypress plant is extracted as the extracted oil, and the configuration of the extraction apparatus becomes complicated to enable the plurality of work steps. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting a plant-derived extract and an apparatus for extracting the same that can simplify the extraction work of the plant-derived extract and can simplify the configuration of the extraction device. It is in.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of the method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to claim 1 includes a first container in which plant raw materials are accommodated, and a second container communicated with the inside of the first container. The extraction container is loaded into a sealed container, and steam is introduced into the sealed container so that the plant raw material is heated and pressurized with water vapor to evaporate the active ingredients contained in the plant raw material and extract with the water vapor. In addition, the liquid containing the active ingredient is extracted and introduced into the second container, and the second container has a higher pressure than the normal pressure due to the water vapor pressure, and is higher than the pressurized state in the first container. The low pressure state is set to a negative pressure from the first container to introduce the vaporized active ingredient into the liquid, vaporize the active ingredient in the liquid, and cool the vaporized active ingredient And features that get Is shall.

  The invention of the method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the active ingredient vaporized in the second container is cooled and condensed by a condenser to be liquefied. It is what.

The invention of the method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2, the plant material is a plant of the cypress family.
The invention of the method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plant raw material is steamed at 120 ° C. or less in the first container. After heating and pressurizing and softening, the softened plant raw material was pressed into a predetermined shape by pressing, and then heated to 150 to 195 ° C. and heated and pressurized to store the predetermined shape. A compression material is formed.

  Invention of the extract apparatus of the plant-derived extract of Claim 5 is an extraction apparatus used for the extraction method of the plant-derived extract as described in any one of the said Claims 1-4, An extraction container comprising a first container in which plant raw materials are stored and a second container in communication with the first container in which the liquid containing the active ingredient extracted in the first container is stored. A closed container in which the container can be loaded, a water vapor generating means for generating water vapor introduced into the closed container, and the second container are communicated with each other. And a cooling means for cooling the active ingredient vaporized in the second container.

As described in detail above, the present invention has the following effects.
According to the method for extracting a plant-derived extract of the invention described in claim 1, it is possible to simplify the extraction work of the plant-derived extract and to simplify the configuration of the extraction device.

  According to the method for extracting a plant-derived extract of the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the vaporized active ingredient can be quickly condensed and liquefied. The extraction work efficiency of the extract can be improved.

  According to the method for extracting a plant-derived extract of the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, antibacterial, bactericidal, insect-proof and the like as compared with other plant materials A plant-derived extract containing a large amount of an active ingredient having the above function can be obtained.

  According to the extraction method of the plant-derived extract of the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effects of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the shape-memory compressed material is derived from the plant. It can be manufactured simultaneously with the extraction work of the extract.

  According to the plant-derived extract extraction apparatus of the fifth aspect of the invention, the extraction operation of the plant-derived extract can be simplified, and the configuration of the extraction apparatus can be simplified.

Schematic which shows the extraction apparatus of embodiment typically. Sectional drawing which shows the 1st container and 2nd container of embodiment. The side view showing the extraction device of an embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a method for extracting an extract derived from a cypress family plant and an apparatus for extracting the same will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
First, as a plant raw material, cypress plant is mentioned, and as this cypress plant, at least one selected from Taiwan cypress, Western red cedar, Asunaro, Taiwan hiba, Taiwan cypress, eucalyptus and incense cedar is used. Leaves, branches and timber sites can be used.

  Extracted oils from these cypress plants contain tsujiacid, which exhibits antibacterial performance, tsujaprisin, which exhibits bactericidal performance, methyl tutjata, which exhibits repellent performance against pests, and tropolone compounds that exhibit bactericidal and antibacterial performance. Has been. Examples of the tropolone compound include β-tujapricinol, γ-tujapricin, β-tujapricin (hinokitiol), α-tujapricin, β-drabrin and the like. These tujiacid, tujiapricin, methyl tujita and tropolone compounds are volatile. Among the cypress family plants, Western red cedar is preferably used as the cypress family plant because the content of hinokitiol is higher in the extracted oil of western red cedar than other woods.

Next, an apparatus (hereinafter simply referred to as an extraction apparatus 11) 11 that extracts extracted oil as the cypress family-derived extract will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the extraction device 11 includes an extraction container 12 in which a cypress plant is accommodated, and a sealed container 13 into which the extraction container 12 can be loaded. Further, the boiler 14 as a steam generating means for generating saturated steam introduced into the sealed container 13 and a pressing means for pressing the cypress plant that has been steamed, heated and pressurized in the extraction container 12. The hydraulic press 15 is mainly composed of a cooling means that cools the vaporized active ingredient into a liquid and a condenser 16 that serves as a decompression means.

  The sealed container 13 is formed in a size that allows the extraction container 12 to be loaded, and is formed so that the inside can be sealed. Then, the heated saturated steam generated by the boiler 14 is introduced into the sealed container 13 from the steam introduction path 17 that is communicated with the valve 29 opened. Then, the inside of the extraction container 12 is pressurized and heated by the saturated water vapor. In addition, a hydraulic press 15 is installed in the hermetic container 13, and the cypress plant can be compressed and deformed by the hydraulic press 15.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the extraction container 12 includes a first container 12a and a second container 12b communicating with the inside of the first container 12a. First, the first container 12a will be described. The 1st container 12a is formed in the substantially bottomed cylindrical shape which has an opening in the upper surface with stainless steel. A communication port 19 is formed through the bottom wall 18 at the center of the bottom wall 18 of the first container 12 a, and the bottom wall 18 is tapered toward the center of the bottom wall 18 toward the communication port 19. Is formed. The bottom wall 18 is connected to a first communication pipe 20 that communicates with the communication port 19.

  A net 21 formed in a mesh shape from stainless steel is arranged in the first container 12a so that a space is formed between the bottom wall 18 and the upper surface of the net 21 is made of a stainless steel plate and has pores. The formed punching 22 is arranged. The sawdust-like cypress plant contained in the first container 12 a is configured to be placed on the punching 22. Further, a presser lid 23 is disposed in the first container 12 a, and the presser lid 23 is placed on the cypress plant on the punching 22. The presser lid 23 is pressed by the hydraulic press 15 and the cypress plant can be pressed.

  Next, the second container 12b will be described. The second container 12b is made of stainless steel and has a hollow interior. A first pipe 24 communicating with the inside of the second container 12b is connected to the upper surface of the second container 12b, and a second pipe 25 communicating with the inside of the second container 12b is connected to the lower surface. It is configured. A second communication pipe 26 is connected to the second container 12b through its side wall, one end side of the second communication pipe 26 extends into the second container 12b, and the other end side of the second container 12b. It extends to the outside. One end of the second communication pipe 26 is disposed so as to form a slight gap with the inner bottom surface of the second container 12b.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the other end part of the 2nd communicating pipe 26 and the said 1st communicating pipe 20 are formed so that connection is possible. And the inside of the 1st container 12a and the inside of the 2nd container 12b are connected via the connected 1st and 2nd communication pipes 20 and 26, and the extraction container 12 is formed. In the extraction container 12, the bottom wall 18 of the first container 12 a is positioned above the second communication pipe 26 of the second container 12 b, and the liquid in the first container 12 a passes through the first and second communication pipes 20 and 26. Then, it flows into the second container 12b. As shown in FIG. 1, the extraction container 12 is placed on a loading vehicle 27, and the loading vehicle 27 is supported on a loading rail 28 extending in the direction of the sealed container 13.

  As shown by a broken line in FIG. 1, in a state where the extraction container 12 is loaded in the sealed container 13, a connection pipe 24 a is connected to the first pipe 24, and the connection pipe 24 a extends from the inside of the sealed container 13 to the outside. It extends and is connected to the first condenser 16a through a valve 29. A first reservoir 31a is connected to the first condenser 16a via a connection pipe 24a, and a first oil / water separator 36a is connected to the first reservoir 31a via a valve 29 and a lower liquid discharge pipe 35. Has been. Further, a connection pipe 25 a is connected to the second pipe 25, and the connection pipe 25 a extends from the inside of the sealed container 13 to the outside and is connected to the drain pipe 30 through the valve 29. A second condenser 16b is connected to the drain pipe 30, and a second reservoir 31b is connected to the second condenser 16b via a connection pipe 25a. A second oil / water separator 36b is connected to the second reservoir 31b via a valve 29 and a lower liquid extraction pipe 35.

  A third condenser 16c is connected to an exhaust pipe 33 provided at the upper part of the sealed container 13 and communicating with the inside of the sealed container 13 via a vacuum pump 32 and a valve 29. The third condenser 16c is connected to the third condenser 16c. The third reservoir 31c is connected via the exhaust pipe 33. A third oil / water separator 36 c is connected to the third reservoir 31 c through a valve 29 and a lower liquid extraction pipe 35. The first to third condensers 16a to 16c are configured to be able to supply cooling water, respectively, so that the inside can be cooled.

  The first to third reservoirs 31a to 31c once store the liquid supplied from the corresponding first to third condensers 16a to 16c, respectively, and separate them into oil and moisture due to the difference in specific gravity. . Each reservoir 31a to 31c is provided with an upper liquid extraction pipe 34 provided with a valve 29 at the upper part, and a lower liquid extraction pipe 35 provided with a valve 29 at the lower part. Since the extracted oil extracted in this embodiment has a specific gravity greater than that of water, in each of the reservoirs 31a to 31c, the oil is mainly separated into the lower liquid and the water is separated into the upper liquid. When it is desired to separate the upper layer liquid or the lower layer liquid in the first to third reservoirs 31a to 31c, the upper layer liquid is separated from the upper layer liquid extraction pipe 34, and the lower layer liquid is separated from the lower layer liquid extraction pipe 35, respectively. Sorted.

  The liquid containing the upper layer liquid and the lower layer liquid stored in the reservoirs 31a to 31c is supplied to the first to third oil / water separators 36a to 36c from the lower layer liquid extraction pipe 35 with the valve 29 opened. It has become. And in the 1st-3rd oil-water separators 36a-36c, it isolate | separates into the lower layer liquid and upper layer liquid which contain many oil components by the difference in specific gravity. Further, a fourth oil / water separator 36d is connected to the first and third oil / water separators 36a and 36c so that the lower layer liquid separated into the lower layer by the first and third oil / water separators 36a and 36c is supplied. It has become. By the fourth oil / water separator 36d, the lower layer liquid is further separated into the lower layer liquid and the upper layer liquid due to the difference in specific gravity. A part of the lower layer liquid separated into the lower layer by the fourth oil / water separator 36d is configured to be bottled by a bottling unit 37 as an extract derived from a cypress family plant.

  Further, a fifth oil / water separator 36e is connected to the second oil / water separator 36b, and the lower layer liquid separated into the lower layer by the second oil / water separator 36b is supplied. By the fifth oil / water separator 36e, the lower layer liquid is further separated into the lower layer liquid and the upper layer liquid due to the difference in specific gravity. A part of the lower layer liquid separated into the lower layer by the fifth oil / water separator 36e is bottled by the bottling unit 37 as an extract derived from a cypress family, and the other lower layer liquids are once stored in the collecting reservoir 41 and then bottling. The container 37 is configured to be bottled.

  On the other hand, the upper layer liquid separated into the upper layer by the fifth oil / water separator 36e is supplied to the sludge treatment tank 38 connected to the fifth oil / water separator 36e, and the western red contained in the upper layer liquid in the sludge treatment tank 38. Cedar wood chips are removed. Further, a hog fill mixer 39 is connected to the sludge treatment tank 38, and the upper layer liquid purified in the sludge treatment tank 38 is supplied to the hog fill mixer 39.

Now, a method for extracting extracted oil using the extraction device 11 will be described.
First, the western red cedar cut into sawdust is accommodated in the first container 12a and placed on the punching 22, and then the pressing lid 23 is placed on the western red cedar. Next, the loading vehicle 27 is moved in the direction of the sealed container 13 along the loading rail 28, and the extraction container 12 is loaded into the sealed container 13 together with the loading vehicle 27.

  Thereafter, the connecting pipe 24a is connected to the first pipe 24 to connect the second container 12b and the first condenser 16a, and the connecting pipe 25a is connected to the second pipe 25 to connect the second container 12b and the second condenser. 16b. Subsequently, the inside of the sealed container 13 is sealed and exhausted. In addition, the valve 29 installed in the connection pipe 24a, the connection pipe 25a, and the exhaust pipe 33 is closed, respectively, and the sealed container 13 and the first to third condensers 16a to 16c are shut off.

  Subsequently, high-temperature and high-pressure saturated water vapor is introduced into the sealed container 13 from the boiler 14, and the Western red cedar in the first container 12a is heated and pressurized at 120 ° C. or lower for 10 to 20 minutes with the saturated water vapor (primary treatment). ) The heating temperature in the primary treatment is set to a temperature necessary for softening the western red cedar, and the temperature varies depending on the amount of western red cedar to be treated. For example, in order to surely soften the western red cedar, the heating temperature is preferably set to 100 to 120 ° C.

  By the primary treatment, the western red cedar absorbs water vapor, the internal temperature rises and softens, and the cell wall changes, and the cellulose crystal strain is recrystallized by the water vapor pressure. In addition, when the western red cedar is heated and pressurized with saturated steam, a part of the volatile active ingredient contained in the western red cedar is vaporized, and the steam is contained in the first container 12a and the second container 12b. Included exist. At the same time, the western red cedar is squeezed by saturated water vapor pressure, and a liquid containing a part of the volatile active ingredient is discharged from the western red cedar. This liquid passes through the pores of the punching 22 and the gap between the nets 21 and flows down onto the bottom wall 18 and is guided to the communication port 19 by the tapered bottom wall 18 of the first container 12a. Further, it passes through the first and second communication pipes 20 and 26 located below the bottom wall 18 and is introduced into the second container 12b and stored in the second container 12b.

  Subsequently, the pressing lid 23 is pressed by the hydraulic press 15 and the softened western red cedar is pressed and compressed and deformed into a desired shape. At the same time, the western red cedar is squeezed and the liquid containing a part of the active ingredient is discharged. This liquid is also introduced into the second container 12b from the communication port 19 through the first and second communication pipes 20 and 26 in the same manner as described above.

  Next, the temperature of the saturated water vapor is raised to 150 to 195 ° C., and the western red cedar is heated and pressurized (secondary treatment) for a predetermined time at a temperature of 150 to 195 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 1.6 MPa. Then, the cells in which the western red cedar has changed are bonded at the molecular level, the deformed predetermined shape is fixed, and a compressed wood in which the shape is stored is manufactured.

  At the same time, in the sealed container 13, the valve 29 of the first pipe 24 is opened in the second container 12 b in a pressurized state higher than the normal pressure, and cooling water is introduced into the first condenser 16 a. Then, the pressure inside the second container 12b is reduced to a negative pressure from the inside of the first container 12a, and the water vapor containing the active ingredient in the second container 12b is introduced from the first pipe 24 to the first condenser 16a. Further, the water vapor present in the first container 12 a is introduced from the communication port 19 into the liquid in the second container 12 b through the first and second communication pipes 20 and 26.

  In the state in which the water vapor containing the active ingredient is introduced into the liquid, the inside of the second container 12b is in a reduced pressure state than the inside of the first container 12a. Therefore, the active ingredient introduced into the liquid is vaporized without reaching the boiling point at normal pressure, and is introduced from the first pipe 24 to the first condenser 16a. Then, the vaporized active ingredient introduced into the first condenser 16a is cooled and condensed into a liquid in which the oil and water containing the active ingredient are dispersed.

  The saturated water vapor pressure in the secondary treatment is set such that when the saturated water vapor pressure is 1.2 MPa, the heating temperature is set to 180 ° C. and the heating time is set to 120 minutes in order to reliably vaporize the active ingredient in the liquid. Preferably, when the saturated water vapor pressure is 1.6 MPa, the heating temperature is preferably set to 190 to 195 ° C. and the heating time is set to 90 minutes.

  Furthermore, after the liquid condensed in the first condenser 16a is stored in the first reservoir 31a, the lower layer liquid extraction pipe 35 is opened, and then supplied to the first oil / water separator 36a. And the upper layer liquid. Next, the lower layer liquid is supplied to the fourth oil / water separator 36d. After the completion of the secondary processing, the valve 29 of the exhaust pipe 33 is opened and the vacuum pump 32 is activated to evacuate the sealed container 13 to introduce the gas in the sealed container 13 into the third condenser 16c. To do.

  The gas introduced into the third condenser 16c is cooled and condensed into a liquid in which oil and moisture are dispersed. Further, after being stored in the third reservoir 31c, the lower layer liquid extraction pipe 35 is opened to be supplied to the third oil / water separator 36c and separated into the lower layer liquid and the upper layer liquid due to the difference in specific gravity. Next, the lower layer liquid is supplied to the fourth oil / water separator 36d, mixed with the lower layer liquid supplied from the first oil / water separator 36a, and separated into the lower layer liquid and the upper layer liquid due to the difference in specific gravity. And then. The lower layer liquid mainly containing the oil component separated by the fourth oil / water separator 36d is bottled by the bottling device 37 as an extracted oil derived from a cypress plant.

  Subsequently, after the active ingredient introduced into the liquid is almost vaporized and extracted, the valve 29 of the second pipe 25 is opened, and the liquid in the second container 12b is introduced into the second condenser 16b. The liquid containing the active ingredient introduced into the second condenser 16b is cooled and condensed into a liquid in which oil and moisture are dispersed. Further, after being stored in the second reservoir 31b, the lower liquid extraction pipe 35 is opened to be supplied to the second oil / water separator 36b and separated into the lower liquid and the upper liquid due to the difference in specific gravity.

  Next, the lower layer liquid separated by the second oil / water separator 36b is supplied to the fifth oil / water separator 36e, and in the fifth oil / water separator 36e, the lower layer liquid mainly containing oil is separated from the upper layer liquid by the difference in specific gravity. Is done. The upper layer liquid is supplied to the sludge treatment tank 38. After the wood chips and the like are removed in the sludge treatment tank 38, the upper layer liquid is supplied to the hogfill mixer 39 and mixed with the sawdust of the western red cedar. The upper layer liquid contains an organic substance contained in Western red cedar, and an anti-soil property improving agent can be prepared by stirring and mixing the upper layer liquid and the sawdust of Western red cedar.

  Further, the lower layer liquid separated into the lower layer by the fifth oil / water separator 36e is taken out, a part of the lower layer liquid is bottled by the bottling unit 37 as extracted oil derived from the cypress family, and the other is supplied to the collecting reservoir 41. After that, it is bottled with a bottling device 37 as an extracted oil derived from a cypress plant. As a result, the bottled lower layer solution is obtained as an extracted oil from the cypress plant. The extracted oil is obtained at a yield of 1 to 4% with respect to the total mass of the raw material. Moreover, about 10% of the dry mass of the oil component contained in the cypress plant is acquired. When extracted oil is extracted from a cypress plant by a solvent extraction method, only 6% of the dry mass of oil contained in the cypress plant can be obtained. When extracted by the extraction method of this embodiment, The yield of oil contained in the cypress plant is improved. Moreover, the western red cedar compressed by the hydraulic press 15 is taken out and used as compressed wood.

The effects exhibited by the above embodiment will be described below.
・ Directly introduce water vapor containing the vaporized active ingredient into the liquid extracted from the Western Red Cedar, vaporize the active ingredient contained in the gas-liquid mixture to make a gas, and extract the extracted oil from the gas. Extracted. For this reason, the active ingredient vaporized by heating and pressurizing Western Red Cedar is once condensed into a liquid, and then extracted by extracting the extracted oil by vaporizing and liquefying it again. The work efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, water vapor containing the vaporized active ingredient is directly introduced into the liquid extracted from Western Red Cedar, the active ingredient contained in the gas-liquid mixture is vaporized into a gas, and the gas is condensed. The extracted oil was extracted. Therefore, the structure of the extraction device 11 can be simplified, unlike the conventional case where water vapor containing the vaporized active ingredient is condensed into a liquid by a condenser, vaporized by a water vapor distillation device, and liquefied again by a cooling device. .

  -By making the inside of the 2nd container 12b into a negative pressure from the inside of the 1st container 12a, the water vapor | steam containing the vaporized active ingredient is introduce | transduced into the 2nd container 12b from the 1st container 12a without liquefying. Therefore, water vapor containing the active ingredient can be efficiently introduced into the liquid extracted from the western red cedar.

  When vaporizing the active ingredient of Western Red Cedar and when extracting the liquid, saturated water vapor was used, and further, the liquid was extracted from the Western Red Cedar using the hydraulic press 15. In addition, the first to fifth oil / water separators 36a to 36e are used to separate the lower layer liquid and the upper layer liquid, and no chemical substances such as organic solvents are used. You can get oil. Therefore, when the obtained extracted oil is sprayed as, for example, a lawn pest control agent, it is possible to prevent a problem that the environment of the sprayed place is contaminated with a chemical substance.

  -By mixing the upper layer liquid and sawdust discharged from the extraction process of extracted oil, it can be used as a soil conditioner with antibacterial function, and Western Red Cedar and Cypress Pine can be used as compressed wood . Therefore, it can contribute to environmental protection without generating waste in the extraction process of extracted oil.

  The water vapor containing the vaporized active ingredient was condensed by the first to third condensers 16a to 16c. Therefore, compared with the case where the water vapor is naturally cooled and liquefied, the efficiency of the extraction oil refining operation can be improved.

  -After the completion of the secondary treatment, the liquid remaining in the second container 12b is condensed and the oil in the liquid is collected, and the gas in the sealed container 13 is condensed and the oil in the gas is collected. Extraction of the extracted oil is performed using all materials including gas and liquid extracted from the heated and pressurized western red cedar. Therefore, the yield of extracted oil can be improved as compared with the case where the lower layer liquid is obtained only from the first oil-water separator 36a.

  -Western red cedar was softened and compressed by a hydraulic press 15 to be deformed into a predetermined shape, and then the heating temperature was raised to fix the shape. Therefore, the cell wall of Western red cedar is in a deformed state, and the strain of the cellulose crystal is recrystallized, so that a compressed wood having an antibacterial function can be obtained while the shape is memorized.

-Since Western Red Cedar is softened and fixed with saturated steam, a compressed wood that does not use any chemicals such as adhesives can be obtained.
・ Western Red Cedar contains a large amount of active ingredients with antibacterial, bactericidal, insecticidal, etc. functions compared to other wood, so that it can effectively exert the antibacterial, bactericidal, insecticidal functions, etc. with the extracted oil. it can.

  -The extraction container 12 was separately formed into a first container 12a and a second container 12b. Therefore, manufacture of the extraction container 12 can be simplified compared with the case where the space which accommodates a western red cedar in the extraction container 12 and the space where a liquid is stored are formed.

[Example]
Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
Example 1
Western red cedar 1000g (water content 100% or more, dry mass 500g) is accommodated in the first container 12a of the extraction container 12, the extraction container 12 is loaded into the sealed container 13 and the western red cedar is kept at 120 ° C or lower. The primary treatment was performed by heating and pressurizing for 10 to 20 minutes. Next, after pressing the Western Red Cedar, secondary treatment was performed by applying pressure and heating at a saturated water vapor pressure of 1.2 MPa for 1.5 to 2 hours, respectively. And when the mass of the oil content in the liquid containing the upper layer liquid and lower layer liquid fractionated from the 1st-3rd storage layers 31a-31c was measured, it was 15.3g. The yield of the oil content with respect to the dry mass of the raw material was 3.06%, and the yield with respect to the total mass was 1.53%. Note that when oil extracted from 1000 g Western Red Cedar was extracted by the supercritical extraction method, the yield of the oil was 0.65% with respect to the dry mass, which was higher than that extracted by the supercritical extraction method. The rate was shown to improve.

  Next, the lower layer liquid was extracted in the same manner as in Example 1 above, using as raw materials sawdust (new sawdust) of Western Red Cedar and sawdust (old sawdust) that had left the new sawdust for more than three months. Each lower layer solution is analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and the ratio of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), furfural, tujiacid, tjaprisin (including α, β, and γ types), and methyl tutjata in the lower layer solution is calculated. did. The results are shown in Table 1.

表１に示すように、ツジアシッドとツジャプリシンの揮発性成分は時間の経過に伴い減少することが示された。

As shown in Table 1, it was shown that the volatile components of tujiacid and tjapricin decrease with time.

(Examples 2 to 4)
In Examples 2 to 4, the saturated water vapor pressure in the secondary treatment in Example 1 was changed to 1.0 MPa in Example 2, 1.2 MPa in Example 3, and 1.6 MPa in Example 4, and the lower layer liquid Extraction was performed. The obtained lower layer solution is analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and the ratio of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), furfural, tujiacid, tjaprisin (including α, β, and γ types), and methyl tuzyata in the lower layer solution. Was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.

表２に示すように、１．２ＭＰａの飽和水蒸気圧で二次処理を行った場合に、揮発成分であるツジアシッド、ツジャプリシン（α、β、γ型含む）、メチルツジャータの合計量が最も多くなった。また、ヒノキチオールの比率も最も多くなり、揮発成分を主に取得するには１．２ＭＰａで二次処理を行うことが好ましいことが示された。

As shown in Table 2, when secondary treatment was performed at a saturated water vapor pressure of 1.2 MPa, the total amount of volatile components tujiacid, tujiapricin (including α, β, and γ types), and methyl tutjata was the largest. . Moreover, the ratio of hinokitiol also became the largest, and it was shown that it is preferable to perform a secondary treatment at 1.2 MPa in order to mainly acquire volatile components.

(Examples 5 to 8)
In Examples 5 to 8, the saturated water vapor pressure in the secondary treatment in Example 1 is 1.0 MPa in Example 5, 1.2 MPa in Example 6, 1.3 MPa in Example 7, and 1. 6 MPa, 30 liters, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes and 150 minutes later, 0.1 liter (l) of the lower layer liquid was taken from the first to third reservoirs 31a to 31c, and the oil content in the lower layer liquid The mass of was measured. The results are shown in Table 3.

表３に示すように、ウエスタンレッドシダーから抽出油を多量に抽出するには１．６ＭＰａで二次処理を行うことが好ましいことが示された。また、実施例８において、得られた抽出液（下層液及び上層液）の総量５０リットル中、下層液は１０リットル分取され、その下層液において、下層液全体の８．５〜１０．５質量％が油分であるため、実施例８における下層液中の油分は１９ｇ（下層液の１０．５質量％とした）となった。さらに、上層液中にも油分（９ｇ）が含まれるため、実施例８における油分は２８ｇとなり、原料の乾燥質量５００ｇに対する収率が５．６％となった。従って、１．６ＭＰａで二次処理を行うことが好ましいことが示された。

As shown in Table 3, it was shown that it is preferable to perform a secondary treatment at 1.6 MPa in order to extract a large amount of extracted oil from Western red cedar. Further, in Example 8, 10 liters of the lower layer liquid was collected from 50 liters of the total amount of the extracted liquid (lower layer liquid and upper layer liquid), and 8.5 to 10.5 of the entire lower layer liquid was collected in the lower layer liquid. Since the mass% was oil, the oil in the lower layer liquid in Example 8 was 19 g (10.5% by mass of the lower layer liquid). Furthermore, since the oil (9 g) was also contained in the upper layer liquid, the oil in Example 8 was 28 g, and the yield with respect to the dry mass of the raw material of 500 g was 5.6%. Therefore, it was shown that it is preferable to perform the secondary treatment at 1.6 MPa.

In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
In the embodiment, the upper layer liquid separated from the fifth oil / water separator 36e is mixed with sawdust to adjust the soil conditioner, but the upper layer liquid may be purified and supplied to the boiler 14.

  In the present embodiment, after the completion of the secondary treatment, the gas in the sealed container 13 is sucked by the vacuum pump 32, the gas is condensed, and the lower layer liquid is extracted by oil-water separation, but this extraction step may be omitted. Good. Moreover, although drainage in the 2nd container 12b was condensed and oil-water separation was extracted after completion | finish of a secondary process, this extraction process may be abbreviate | omitted.

  In the embodiment, the extraction container 12 is supported by the loading vehicle 27, and the extraction container 12 is loaded into the sealed container 13 together with the loading vehicle 27. However, the loading vehicle 27 and the loading rail 28 are omitted, and the extraction container 12 is forklifted. You may load into the airtight container 13 by a trolley | bogie, a manual work, etc.

  In the embodiment, the press means is embodied in the hydraulic press 15, but may be embodied in a pneumatic press, a hydraulic press, or the like, or may be pressed by directly placing a weight on a plant material.

-In embodiment, although the gas was condensed using the condenser 16, you may cool gas by natural cooling.
In the embodiment, after the liquid is stored in the first to third reservoirs 31a to 31c, the oil is separated in the first to third oil / water separators 36a to 36c, and further, the fourth and fifth oil / water separators 36d, Although the oil / water separation is performed in 36e, the liquid may be stored in the first to third reservoirs 31a to 31c, and the extract may be extracted by separating the oil / water to separate the lower layer liquid. Alternatively, after storing the liquid in the first to third reservoirs 31a to 31c, the first to third oil / water separators 36a to 36c may separate the oil and water to extract the lower layer liquid to extract the extract. .

  -In embodiment, although the extraction container 12 was divided and comprised in the 1st container 12a and the 2nd container 12b, the space where a plant raw material is accommodated in the integral extraction container 12, and the extracted liquid are accommodated, You may divide and form in the space where gas is introduced.

In the embodiment, a cypress plant is embodied as a plant raw material, but may be embodied as long as a plant-derived extract can be obtained as an extracted oil by the above extraction method.
Further, the technical idea that can be grasped from the embodiment will be described below.

  The plant-derived extract extraction device according to claim 5, wherein the first container and the second container are formed separately and connected by a communication pipe. When comprised in this way, manufacture of an extraction container can be simplified compared with the case where an extraction container is formed by integrally forming a 1st container and a 2nd container.

  Effective by vaporizing as the negative pressure from the first container by setting the second container to a pressurized state higher than the normal pressure by the water vapor pressure and lower than the pressurized state in the first container. The components are introduced into the liquid, the active ingredient in the liquid is vaporized, the vaporized active ingredient is cooled and obtained, and then the active ingredient contained in the gas present in the sealed container is cooled. The plant-derived extract extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the active ingredient contained in the liquid present in the second container is separated and obtained. . When comprised in this way, extraction of a plant-derived extract is performed using all the materials containing the gas extracted from the plant raw material heated and pressurized, and the liquid. Therefore, the yield of the extract can be improved as compared with the case where the active ingredient in the liquid is only obtained by vaporization.

  The plant-derived extract extraction device according to claim 5, further comprising a separator that separates the liquid liquefied by the cooling means into a liquid containing an active ingredient and another liquid. When comprised in this way, when fractionating the liquid containing an active ingredient from the liquid liquefied by the cooling means, it can acquire without using any chemical substances, such as an organic solvent. Therefore, when the obtained extract is used, it is possible to prevent a problem that the environment of the place where the extract is used is contaminated with a chemical substance.

    DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Extraction apparatus of plant origin extract, 12 ... Extraction container, 12a ... 1st container, 12b ... 2nd container, 13 ... Sealed container, 14 ... Boiler as water vapor | steam generation means, 15 ... Hydraulic press machine as press means , 16a to 16c: condensers as cooling means and decompression means.

Claims (5)

  An extraction container composed of a first container containing a plant raw material and a second container communicated with the first container is loaded into a sealed container, and the plant raw material is introduced by introducing water vapor into the sealed container. Is heated and pressurized with steam to evaporate the active ingredient contained in the plant material and extract it together with the steam, extract a liquid containing the active ingredient and introduce the liquid into the second container, and the second By setting the inside of the container to a pressurized state higher than the normal pressure by the water vapor pressure and lower than the pressurized state in the first container, the vaporized active ingredient is set to a negative pressure from the first container, and the vaporized active ingredient is added to the liquid. A method for extracting a plant-derived extract, which is introduced into the liquid, vaporizes an active ingredient in the liquid, and cools and obtains the vaporized active ingredient.   The method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to claim 1, wherein the active ingredient vaporized in the second container is cooled and condensed by a condenser to be liquefied.   The method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant raw material is a plant of the cypress family.   In the first container, the plant material is heated and pressurized with water vapor of 120 ° C. or less to soften, and the softened plant material is pressed into a predetermined shape by pressing means, and then heated to 150 to 195 ° C. The method for extracting a plant-derived extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compressed material in which the predetermined shape is stored is formed by heating and pressurizing.   It is an extraction apparatus used for the extraction method of the plant-derived extract as described in any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: It communicates with the 1st container in which a plant raw material is accommodated, and the inside of the 1st container. , An extraction container composed of a second container in which a liquid containing an active ingredient extracted in the first container is stored, a sealed container in which the extraction container can be loaded, and water vapor introduced into the sealed container A water vapor generating means for generating water, a pressure reducing means communicating with the inside of the second container and depressurizing the inside of the second container to make a negative pressure from the inside of the first container, and an active ingredient vaporized in the second container. An apparatus for extracting a plant-derived extract comprising cooling means for cooling.

Images