JP2009526150A - Modular reinforced structural beam and connecting beam system - Google Patents

Abstract

  The modular reinforcing structural beam and connecting member system includes at least one composite beam having two oppositely directed triangular occlusion head portions and a transversely extending web interposed between the two occlusion head portions. Each of the beams consists of two separate members arranged such that the corresponding head portions of the two members are nested and adjacent elements of the two members are in mutual stable contact. A plurality of connecting members are connected in force transmission contact with one of the composite beam and other structural elements.

Description

  The present invention relates to the field of structural beams. More specifically, the present invention relates to a modular reinforcing structure beam system including a connecting member, which is based on a lightweight beam having a triangular head portion.

  Various types of structural beams are used in commercial and residential buildings, including prefabricated wooden girders, laminated wooden beams, reinforced concrete beams, and steel beams. Steel is the most commonly used material for beams, and such beams are composed of I-shaped, H-shaped, C-shaped, Z-shaped, and channel steel. The various structures of structural steel beams are most commonly manufactured by hot rolling or cold rolling processes and generally result in a relatively heavy beam for a given load bearing capacity.

  I-section steel is the most commonly used type of structural beam for building steel frames because of its relatively high load bearing capacity and moment of inertia. Such beams further generally connect with two or more beams, either individually or with multiple beams, so as to safely support substantially static loads applied thereon. A web and a pair of flanges orthogonal to the web and at opposite edges so that it can be utilized with a plurality of elements configured as such. An assembly constructed from at least one beam or post, more generally from a plurality of beams or posts, and from a plurality of connecting elements is referred to herein as a “beam system”.

  I-shaped steel is formed by a hot rolling process following the casting of molten iron into a steel slab. Most I-beams supplied to the construction site have standard dimensions, for example 6 or 12 m in length, so that they can be modified to suit the architectural and engineering requirements of a given building project. Cutting and welding one or more webs or one or more flanges, welding connection elements to the beam, facilitating weld joint points, painting and galvanizing the beam or beam system, and Through additional building processes, including assembly of the beam or beam system into a frame structure. These additional building processes are time consuming and expensive.

  It is desirable to reduce the manufacturing and assembly costs of a beam system without compromising its structural properties, and that is the purpose of the present invention.

  Numerous structural beams assembled from sheet steel are known from the prior art that provide the same load bearing capacity while requiring less steel than I-beams. See, for example, US Pat. No. 991,603 issued to Brooks and Dunn et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,698,224 discloses a metallic pseudo-I-shaped steel made of a single piece of material that is bent to form a hollow flange at the top and bottom. U.S. Pat. No. 5,553,437 issued to the same inventor as that of the present invention discloses two oppositely exposed members having a triangular head portion, a web portion, a web flange, and a tail flange. A pseudo-I shaped steel consisting of The triangular shape of the head flange provides improved lateral stability over conventional I-beams due to its biaxial symmetry.

  Such prior art lightweight structural beams with triangular head portions are not easily formable by automated processes. First, the beam is produced by a cold rolling process, during which the sheet metal is passed through multiple pairs of rollers below the recrystallization temperature and bent into the desired shape. After the two apexes of the triangle are formed, the fed metal sheet cannot be properly supported to form the third head due to its inaccessibility. Also, the desired length of the structural beam is often 15 m and the required thickness of sheet metal for the assembly of structurally strong beams with triangular head portions is handled by most commercial cold rolling rollers. It is on the order of 8 mm, which is much thicker than possible.

  The United States Manufacturing Company is available at http: // www. butlermfg. com / building_systems / structural.com / building_systems / structural. asp. To produce a modular beam system. These beam systems are solid webs that do not have a triangular head section, secondary perforated open-web truss purlin and rod bracing. Various components are utilized, such as the main I-shaped steel frame. In these systems, the beam system components are galvanized and welded together after the components are assembled. As a result, manufacturing and assembly costs are relatively high. Furthermore, the connecting element is welded to the flange, not the web portion. Therefore, stress is concentrated on the flange, making the component heavier and more expensive.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a modular beam system based on a beam having a triangular head portion.

  It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a modular beam system that is configured such that all its components can be assembled without the need for welding.

  It is an additional object of the invention to provide a modular beam system with connecting elements attached to the web portion of the beam.

  It is a further object of the present invention to provide a beam consisting of a sheet metal having a thickness equal to or less than 4 mm while having the same load bearing capacity as the I-beam.

  It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a structural beam with a triangular head portion from galvanized sheet metal.

  It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a structured beam with a triangular head portion that is faster and more economical than prior art structured beam manufacturing methods.

  It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for assembling a beam system that is faster and more economical than prior art beam system assembly methods.

  Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent as the description proceeds.

  The present invention includes at least one composite beam having two oppositely directed triangular occlusion head portions and a transversely extending web interposed between the two occlusion head portions, each of the beams comprising: A connecting member comprising a plurality of connecting members, wherein the corresponding head portions of the two members are nested and the adjacent elements of the two members are arranged in a mutually stable contact; At least two of which are connected to one of the composite beam and other structural elements and are in force transmitting contact with one of the composite beam and other structural elements Provide a system.

  As referred to herein, a “beam” is supported at each end and in any convenient orientation, including horizontal orientation, vertical orientation when acting as a post, and tilt orientation when acting as a ridge beam. Is a rigid elongated structural member that is also disposed. The “transverse” direction means along the length of the beam. The “longitudinal” direction means the direction between the two triangular head portions of the beam. The “lateral” direction means the direction between the two web portions of the beam.

  The connecting member, which is generally composed of relatively thick sheet metal, can be used in the composite beam in areas of the beam that need to be strengthened according to engineering considerations using any suitable means such as by cold fasteners and by welding. Connected.

  Each member of the composite beam includes a first head portion, a second head portion, and a longitudinally disposed web portion interposed between the first head portion and the second head portion, The head portion and the second head portion include a corresponding essentially laterally arranged flange, a tilting element extending between the first lateral end of the flange and the web portion, and the first lateral end of the flange. And an inclined tongue having a length that is considerably shorter than the length of the inclined element.

  The first side of the triangular closure head portion includes two flanges of two composite beam members, the second and third sides of which are one tilting element of the composite beam member and the tongue of the other composite beam member. Part. With respect to the second and third sides of the closure head portion, the angular spacing between the tilt element and its corresponding flange is essentially equal to the angular spacing between the tongue element and its corresponding flange.

  The top end of the head portion of the first member is reinforced by the head portion of the second member that houses the first head portion.

  In a preferred embodiment, adjacent sides of the triangular closure head portion are angularly separated by an angle of 60 degrees.

  In a preferred embodiment, each beam member is cold rolled. Thus, the composite beam facilitates the step of feeding the galvanized sheet metal through a plurality of cold rollers and connection to a connecting member or air conditioner, or perforates the sheet metal to pass the wire therethrough. Piercing, bending the sheet metal to a desired shape with a desired dimension to form a first member, repeating these steps to form a second member, The adjacent elements of the first and second members are in mutual stable contact so that the corresponding head portions of the first and second members are nested, and the corresponding of the first and second members And automatically displacing at least the second member such that the transverse edges are aligned.

  In one feature, means for joining corresponding flanges of the first and second beam members, such as cold fasteners, to prevent relative transverse displacement of one of the beam members. In addition.

  In one feature, further includes means for joining corresponding web portions of the first and second beam members, such as cold fasteners.

  In one feature, the flange of the first head portion of the beam has a longer lateral dimension than the flange of the second flange portion.

  In one feature, the first and second members are the same, and the second member includes a first head portion of the second member housed within a second head portion of the first member, The head portion is in an opposite orientation to the first member so that the head portion is received within the second head portion of the second member.

  In one feature, the flange of the first head portion of the beam has the same lateral dimensions as the flange of the second flange portion. The first head portion of the second member is housed in the first head portion of the first member, and the second head portion of the second member is housed in the second head portion of the first member.

  In one feature, the first head portion of the second member is housed within the first head portion of the first member, and the second head portion of the second member is housed within the second head portion of the first member. .

  In one feature, the top end of the head portion of the first member is reinforced by the head portion of the second member in which the first head portion is received.

  In one feature, the connecting member is connected to the composite beam using cold fasteners that are engageable with the connecting member and corresponding alignment holes drilled in the beam. Thus, the connecting member can be connected to the beam without the need for welding, and the construction worker assembling the beam system does not require special training.

  Each beam and connecting member may be selected from the group of steel, metal, alloy, plastic material, and composite material.

  The connecting member is preferably a commercially available product that is connected in the field using a cold fastener.

  In one aspect, the beam system includes more than one element that are welded together.

  In one feature, the connecting member is connected to the composite beam using a cold fastener and a reaction plate insert that is internally attached to the beam.

  In one aspect, the connecting member is configured as a sleeve having selective transverse, longitudinal, and transverse directions, completely surrounding a portion of the compound beam circumference having the selective dimensions, and mutually Configured to be in a contact state that stabilizes.

  In one aspect, the sleeve is connected to two coplanar beams, thereby increasing the transverse length over a much longer distance and requiring less striking than the beams of the prior art beam system. A relatively lightweight combined beam. If the transverse length of the combined beam is different from the field gap, the construction worker slides one or two beams of the combined beam relative to the sleeve and connects the sleeve alignment holes and the corresponding beams. Thus, the expansion and contraction of the combined beam is adjusted. If the holes are not aligned, additional holes are drilled and then the cold fastener is engaged with the aligned holes.

  In one aspect, the sleeve includes two cold rolling elements that are welded together.

  In one feature, the sleeve includes a single element and its two adjacent edges are welded together.

  In one feature, the sleeve includes two adjacent half sleeves that are respectively connected to the two lateral sides of the beam.

  In one aspect, the connecting member is configured as only one web.

  In one aspect, the web of connecting members is substantially shorter than the web of beams to which the connecting members are attached.

  In one aspect, the connecting member includes a plate in force transmitting contact with the web or flange of the beam.

  In one feature, the connecting member includes two plates that are angularly spaced apart and an element that extends between and tilts relative to the two plates.

  In one feature, the connecting member further includes at least one rib.

  In one feature, the connecting member is configured as an instantaneous connection.

  The present invention is a novel structural beam having two triangular shaped head portions that provide increased lateral stability and strength to weight ratio over conventional I-beams. Some prior art beams consist of triangular shaped head portions manufactured by a cold rolling process, but these head portions are closed triangles whose third side is inaccessible When the sheet metal is bent to form a closed and triangular shape, it cannot be quickly and automatically formed because the roller cannot support the supply sheet metal. In contrast, the beam of the present invention is a composite beam consisting of two separate opposing members arranged so that the corresponding head portions of the two members are nested. Since each head portion is an incomplete triangle, the tongue, or end, of the member is sufficiently accessible to the roller to allow the member to be molded into the desired configuration. When the head portion of one member is housed within the corresponding head portion of the other member, a closed triangle is produced that is bilayered and thus has a reinforced apex. As described below, cold fasteners are used to connect the two member webs and connect the beam to the connecting members. Welding is not required, and therefore the production of such a beam of the present invention and the assembly of a beam system utilizing one or more beams is faster and more economical than the prior art. Have substantially the same load bearing capacity.

  FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of two transversely extending members of a composite beam when they are nested. The beam pointed by the number 10 includes two identical opposing members 5 and 15. Although the following description relates to member 5, it will be apparent that member 15 is constructed similarly.

  The member 5 includes a first head portion 2, a second head portion 12, and a longitudinally disposed web portion 7 interposed between the first head portion 2 and the second head portion 12. The first head part 2 is flanged from a flange 6 which is essentially transversely arranged, i.e. perpendicular to the longitudinally arranged web part 7 and from a first head part joint 4 extending transversely. 6 has a tilting element 3 extending to one lateral end and a tongue 13 extending obliquely from the joint 11 of the flange 6 at the other transverse end of the flange 6. The tongue 13 is directed to the joint 4, but its length is considerably shorter than the tilt element 3. The second head portion 12 is flanged from an essentially laterally arranged flange 16 having a lateral dimension longer than the flange 6 of the first head portion 2 and from a transversely extending second head portion joint 14. 16 has a sloping element 23 extending to the joint 18 at one lateral end and a tongue 27 extending obliquely from the joint 26 of the flange 16 at the other lateral end of the flange 16. The tongue 27 is directed to the joint 14, but its length is considerably shorter than the tilt element 23.

  The angle between the tongue 13 of the first head part 2 and the flange 6 is essentially equal to the angle between the tilting element 23 of the second head part 12 and the flange 16. The angle between the tongue 27 of the second head portion 12 and the flange 16 is essentially equal to the angle between the tilting element 3 of the first head portion 2 and the flange 6. The longitudinal dimension from the joint portion 14 to the flange 16 of the second head portion 12 is substantially equal to the sum of the longitudinal dimension from the joint portion 4 to the flange 6 of the first head portion 2 and the thickness of the flange 6. Therefore, when the first head portion 2 of the member 5 is accommodated in the second head portion 12 of the member 15, the first head portion 2 of the member 15 is accommodated in the second head portion 12 of the member 5. Sometimes (hereinafter referred to as “the first head portion and the second head portion are alternately arranged”), the corresponding elements of the members 5 and 15 are in contact with each other and the external force is applied to the beam. 10, the element of member 5 is in physical contact with the corresponding element of member 15 and stabilizes the corresponding element of member 15 when causing a slight relative displacement of member 5 with respect to member 15. It means being done or vice versa. When the first and second head portions are configured to be alternately housed, the two elements apply external force while the two elements in contact with each other are in physical contact with each other. During physical contact can be in physical contact. Thus, mutual stabilizing contacts prevent further displacement of the displaced element. As illustrated, each web portion 7 of members 5 and 15, as well as each corresponding pair of flanges 6 and 16, each corresponding pair of tilting elements 3 and tongues 27, and each corresponding pair of tilting elements 23 and the tongue 13 are in contact with each other and stabilized. Since the beam provides a mutual stabilizing contact between the corresponding elements of members 5 and 15, the thickness of the sheet steel can only be 4 mm, which requires a relatively simple cold rolling mill. Regardless, it results in the structural strength of 8 mm thick sheet steel.

  The composite beam 10 also promotes an enhanced top end when the first and second head portions are in a configuration that fits together. The first and second head portions are imperfect triangles, but when they are in a nested configuration, essentially closed triangles are formed. Thus, referring to the composite head portion on the side, it is blocked by the two-layer base comprising the flanges 6 and 16, the first side which is the tilt element 23 of the member 5, and the second side which is the tilt element 3 of the member 15. Triangles are defined. When the first head portion of member 15 is housed within the second head portion of member 5, the apex or rounded connecting two adjacent elements in the vicinity of the joint of the first head portion of member 15 The parts are strengthened by the apex of the second head part of the member 5 in contact with each other and in stabilizing relation. The closed triangle of the composite head portion is preferably an equilateral triangle, but closed triangles having other combinations of angles are also suitable.

  Another advantage provided by the formation of a closed triangle by the composite head portion is that the first head portion joint 4 and the second head portion joint 14 are due to the difference in dimensions of the first and second head portion elements. Each pair is coplanar with the plane parallel to the flanges 6 and 16. If the first head part joint 4 and the second head part joint 14 are not in the same plane as the plane parallel to the flanges 6 and 16, in contrast to the present invention, the region of the two web parts 7 is , Not in contact with each other to stabilize. For example, referring to the bottom composite head portion, the joint 14 of the member 5 can be under the joint 4 of the member 15 so that the area of the web portion 7 of the member 5 under the joint 4 of the member 15 is reduced. It is not supported and is therefore susceptible to bending when a sufficiently high force is applied. Thus, the closed triangular structure of the composite head portion of the present invention increases the lateral stability of the beam, which is very important when exposed to strong winds or earthquakes.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the composite beam, which is oriented differently than FIG. The relative transverse displacement of member 5 and member 15 connects the respective pair of flanges 6 and 16 of the top and bottom composite head portions by cold fasteners 41, eg, screws, bolts, nuts, and rivets. Can be prevented. Because of their inaccessibility in the beam head portion after passing the corresponding flange, blind rivets are the preferred option for flange fasteners. The cold fastener 41 also enables transmission of tension and compression forces and moments from one flange to the other. It will be appreciated that although cold fasteners are preferred for ease of assembly, the two adjacent flanges can be connected to each other by any other suitable connection means, such as spot welding and laser welding. The two webs 7 of members 5 and 15 can be connected to each other by cold fasteners 42 or any other suitable connection means so that shear forces can be transferred from one web to the other.

  FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of the composite beam 10 showing exemplary locations of holes drilled in the beam 10, thereby allowing the connecting member or cold as described below. The fastener is attached to the beam. As shown, the web hole 32 is drilled in the web 7 in the vicinity of its front transverse edge 34 and rear transverse edge 35. Only the upper pair of flanges is illustrated for clarity, but the flange hole 36 is adjacent to its front transverse edge 38 and rear transverse edge 39 in the vicinity of the upper and lower pair of flanges 6 (FIG. 2) and 16 are perforated. It will be appreciated that the web holes 32 and flange holes 36 may be drilled elsewhere as well, depending on the type of connecting member attached to the beam 10. The number of holes drilled at any given location depends on engineering considerations such as sheet metal thickness, beam dimensions, and stress concentration at the location.

  The composite beam of the present invention can be used not only as a beam when the beam is directed so that the transverse direction is horizontal or inclined, but also as a post when the beam is directed so that the transverse direction is vertical It will be understood that this can be done. The following description applies to beams having a horizontal transverse direction, but it is envisioned that all other beam orientations are equally applicable.

  As described with reference to FIG. 1, since the members 5 and 15 are identical, the two members can be manufactured in the same cold rolling process, whereby a first head characterized by imperfect triangles. Portion 2 and second head portion 12 are formed from galvanized sheet metal. The production costs for hot rolled I-beams to be welded are considerably higher. This is because, in addition to the time and expense involved in welding the various beam elements, the beam that is produced needs to be galvanized. The composite beam 10 is then manufactured by inverting one of the members. With reference to the orientation of FIG. 1, for example, member 15 has an upper second head portion 12 that is larger than its smaller first lower head portion 2, and member 5 is smaller than its lower second head portion 12. It has a first head portion 2. The member 15 is then slightly moved until its lower first head portion 2 is received within the lower second head portion 12 of the member 5 and its upper second head portion 12 surrounds the upper first head portion 2 of the member 5. To be raised. Next, the front transverse edge 38 and the rear transverse edge 39 (FIG. 3) of the member 5 are aligned so that they are in contact with each other while the members 5 and 15 are in a stowed configuration. Until then, the member 15 is slid in the transverse direction. The web holes and flange holes can be drilled after the two parts are received or alternatively during the cold rolling process, depending on the given engineering considerations. All of the aforementioned steps required to produce a composite beam can be performed automatically using computerized delivery and alignment equipment.

  FIG. 4 shows that the two members 44 and 54 are not identical, rather the top head portion 46 and the bottom head portion 48 of the member 44 are each identical, and the top head portion 56 and the bottom head portion 58 of the member 54 are identical. is there. The head portion of the member 54 is smaller than the head portion of the member 44, the head portion 56 of the member 54 is contained in the head portion 46 of the member 44, and the head portion 58 of the member 54 is contained in the head portion 48 of the member 44. In a nested configuration that also facilitates the reinforced top so that corresponding elements of members 44 and 54 are in contact with each other to stabilize. The two members 44 and 54 are manufactured by two separate cold rolling processes, respectively, and then the member 54 is received until its head portions 56 and 58 are received within the head portions 46 and 48 of the member 44, respectively. Slightly raised. The member 54 is then displaced until it is aligned transversely with the member 44.

  FIG. 5 shows a side view of a composite beam 60 in which the two members 64 and 74 are not identical but have different sized top and bottom head portions. The upper head portion 76 of the member 74 is housed in the upper head portion 66 of the member 64, and the lower head portion 78 of the member 74 is housed in the lower head portion 68 of the member 64.

  Since the two members of the composite beam of the present invention are in contact with each other for stabilization, the top and bottom composite head portion top ends, and each pair of first and second head portion joints correspond to each other. Being coplanar with the plane parallel to the flange, the beam of the present invention provides the same load bearing capability while requiring less steel than the prior art beam for the same span.

  Tables I-III below show the beam of the present invention (referred to as “invention”) in various conventional ways with respect to its weight and maximum deviation (referred to as “%”) for a given required moment of inertia (MOI). Compared to technology I shape steel.

Table I

15 meter span—8 meters at center—allowable deviation L / 250—required MOI 27204 cm ⁴ —static load 25 kg / m ² . Dynamic load + wind 40 kg / m ² .

Table II

20 meter span—4 meters at center—allowable deviation L / 250—required MOI 32242 cm ⁴ —static load 25 kg / m ² . Dynamic load + wind 40 kg / m ² .

Table III

20 m span - 8 meters center - tolerance L / 250- required MOI64484cm ⁴ - Static Load 25 kg ^{/ m} 2. Dynamic load + wind 40 kg / m ² .

  As can be seen, the beam of the present invention has significantly less weight (about 55% less) than the prior art beam for the same span and required MOI. The maximum deviation for the beam of the present invention is also significantly less than that of the prior art.

  Previously, the beam was exposed to high stress concentrations when connected by welding to other structural members such as constructed C-shaped or Z-shaped purlins that support roof supports or metal decks. Because of the concentrated load, the beam needs to be strengthened by ribs, for example at each stress concentration. The reinforcement members must be connected to the beam and purlin by welding, further increasing the expensive, labor intensive and time consuming assembly process.

  The beam system of the present invention significantly reduces the cost, labor, and time required to assemble the beam system by providing a pre-assembled connecting member that can be attached to the beam by a cold fastener. The connecting member is then attached to the other structural element and is thus configured to transmit a force or moment from one structural element to the other structural element. As illustrated in FIG. 3, during the manufacture of the composite beam, holes to which the connecting members are attached are drilled into the sheet steel. The holes can take any convenient shape including circular, rectangular and elliptical holes. Alternatively, the holes can be drilled in situ. The holes, whether in the flange or web, can be drilled in any convenient area of the sheet steel according to engineering considerations. Thus, the beam system is modular in the sense that the same beam can be used in many different applications, as well as separated from the first connecting member and attached to the second connecting member. Another advantage of the beam system of the present invention is that the connecting member can be used without any welding to distribute the load applied by the structure, for example, a newly installed assembly on an industrial air conditioner. It can be attached to the beam. With respect to prior art beam systems, in contrast, the structure needs to undergo repairs including bracing and welding to reduce the concentrated stress imposed by the newly installed assembly.

  FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of a connecting member generally indicated by numeral 80 according to the present invention. The connecting member 80 is configured as a sleeve having a selective transverse length, completely covering a portion of the composite beam circumference having the selective transverse length, and interconnecting with a portion of the composite beam circumference. Configured to be in a stable contact state. A sleeve can weld two or more cold-rolling elements, such as two symmetrical elements, together or weld two adjacent edges of a single element together. Can be formed. Alternatively, as illustrated by the connecting member 80A of FIG. 15, the sleeve may be composed of two adjacent halves that are respectively connected to the two lateral sides of the beam.

  As shown, the connecting member 80 includes an upper triangular head portion 82, a lower triangular head portion 84, and spaced parallel web portions 86 and 87 that extend longitudinally between the upper and lower head portions 82 and 84. And have. The head portion 82 has a flange 91 and two tilting elements 93 and 94 extending from the flange 91 to web portions 86 and 87, respectively. Similarly, the head portion 84 has a flange 95 and two tilt elements 97 and 98 extending from the flange 95 to the web portions 86 and 87, respectively. The web and flange are perforated in place to allow the connecting element 80 to be attached to the composite beam by a cold fastener. The connecting member 80 is formed with an appropriate size and an appropriate structure that promotes mutual stabilizing contact with the corresponding outwardly facing elements of the composite beam that the connecting member 80 surrounds.

  In FIG. 7, the connecting member 80 is shown in contact with the members 5 and 15 of the composite beam 10 and in mutual stabilization with the members 5 and 15 of the composite beam 10. With further reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 6, the connecting member 80 is displaced transversely along the beam 10 until it is placed in its selective area where it is expected to be subjected to concentrated loads. Has been. Cold fasteners 71 are attached to the corresponding flanges of beam 10 and connecting member 80 via corresponding aligned flange holes, and cold fasteners 72 are connected to beam 10 via corresponding aligned web holes. And after being attached to the corresponding web of connecting member 80, the elements of the beam and connecting member are in force transmission and mutual stabilizing contact. For example, the flange 91 of the connection member 80 is in contact with the flange 16 of the member 5, and the inclined element 98 of the connection member 80 is in contact with the tongue portion 27 of the member 15.

  The flange fastener 71 is typically a blind rivet, and the web fastener 72 is typically a pair of bolts that pass through aligned web holes and are threaded with corresponding nuts. The flange fastener 71 may also be a bolt that can be screwed into the reaction plate insert 176 (FIG. 14B) to provide a stronger mounting force. The reaction plate insert 176 comprises, for example, a short plate 172 and a long plate 174 that are welded together so that their edges 176 and 177 are coplanar at one transverse end, respectively. Inserts 176 are attached to corresponding pairs of beam flanges using fasteners that pass through internally threaded bores 171 formed in plates 172 and 174. Thus, the flange of the optional connecting member is attached to the long plate 174 spaced from the beam flange using a flange fastener 71 configured to engage an internally threaded bore 179 formed in the long plate 174. Is possible.

  In FIG. 8, the connecting member 100 is composed of only one web 104 and is therefore configured to be in force transmitting contact only with the lateral side of the composite beam. The connecting member 100 includes inclined elements 101 and 103 extending in the same lateral direction from the upper and lower ends of the web 104, and an upper flange 107 extending from the inclined elements 101 and 103 via the top ends 111 and 112, respectively. And also has a lower flange 109. Flanges 107 and 109 have substantially the same lateral dimensions as the flange of the beam to which connecting member 100 is attached. However, depending on engineering considerations, the flanges 107 and 109 may be configured with a lateral dimension that is significantly less than the lateral dimension of the corresponding flange of the composite beam. Thus, the connecting member 100 is configured to be in force transmitting contact with the two head portions of the beam.

  In FIG. 9, the connecting member 100 is configured to be in force transmission contact with the upper portion of the beam at one lateral end of the beam. The connecting member 100 has a web portion 114 that is substantially shorter than the web of the beam to which the connecting member is attached. The tilt element 101 extends from the upper end of the web portion 114 and the flange 107 extends from the top end 111 adjacent to the tilt element 101.

  As shown in FIG. 27, the connecting member 45 can be, for example, a plate that can be in force transmitting contact with the web or flange of the beam. FIG. 29 illustrates a beam 50 that includes plates 45A and 45B connected to the webs of members 5 and 15, respectively. Such a beam may be manufactured with three or four members, eg, members 5 and 15, plates 45A, and / or 45B. Alternatively, the beam can be manufactured without a plate and the plate-like connecting member can be connected to the web in the field.

  Referring to FIG. 28, the connecting member 55 shown in a top view can be in partial force transmission contact with two structural elements. The connecting member 55 extends between and between two plates 57 and 59 that are angularly spaced apart, for example in a mutually perpendicular arrangement as shown, and to the plates 57 and 598. And an element 61 extending obliquely. Accordingly, plates 57 and 59 are configured to be attached to two different angularly spaced structural elements.

  FIGS. 36A-B are two identically directed, welded together to define a sleeve having two triangular head portions 431 and 432 to be in stabilized contact with the composite beam. Illustrated is a connecting member 420 that includes closed portions 425 and 428. For portion 425, portion 428 is inverted and turned over.

  As shown in the orientation of FIG. 36B, the portion 428 includes a web portion 421, an upper flange portion 426 and a lower flange portion 427, respectively, and a lateral end 429 of the flange portion 427 to a lower longitudinal end of the web portion 421. A tilting element 423 extending to the portion 422, a tilting element 434 extending from the upper longitudinal end 432 of the web portion 421 to the lateral end 439 of the flange 426 and substantially symmetrical to the tilting element 423, and the side of the flange 427 An inclined tongue 438 extending from the directional end 442 and arranged at the same angle with respect to the flange 427 as the angle of the inclined element 434 with respect to the flange 426 is formed. The lengths of the tilt elements 434 and 438, one from the portion 425 and the other from the portion 428, are the welding spots 435A-B between the pair of tilt elements 434 and 438, as shown in FIG. 36A. Are selected so that they overlap when part 428 is inverted and upside down with respect to part 425. Each pair of flanges 426 and 427 is in contact to transmit force to each other by a flange fastener, which also engages a hole drilled in the corresponding flange of the composite beam connected to the connecting member 420.

  FIGS. 10-26 and 35 illustrate exemplary connection members that may be attached to the beam of the present invention by cold fasteners. These connecting members, typically off-the-shelf assemblies, may be connected to the two lateral ends of the beam, as shown in FIG. 6, or as shown in FIG. There may be a force transmitting contact with only one lateral end of the. When the connecting member is shaped similar to a portion of the beam and is brought into force transmission contact with the beam and attached to the beam using cold fasteners and / or welds, the connecting member is attached to the composite beam. Called "connected". It will be appreciated that any connecting member may be configured differently than the illustrated member, for example, depending on the different shape, orientation, dimensions, thickness, number of fasteners, and fastener location.

  FIG. 10 illustrates a connecting member 120 that is used to connect two beams 122A and 122B having the same profile, ie, the same longitudinal and lateral dimensions. Due to the size and weight constraints of the transport equipment, beams with a fairly long transverse length, for example 20 m, cannot usually be transported economically. Thus, two shorter beams are transported to the building site and then connected so that the transverse length of the combined beam can be increased without the need for welding, as has been done in the prior art. It is fast and united together in the field using member 120 and cold fasteners 71 and 72. The flange fastener 71 connects the upper flange 122 and the lower flange 124 of the connecting member to the corresponding upper flange and lower flange of the beam, respectively. A web fastener 72 connects one or more webs 126 of the connecting members to the corresponding web of beams to provide a shear connection. Four columns of cold fasteners 71 and 72, two columns for mounting the beam 122A and connecting member 120 in aligned holes, and mounting the beam 122B and connecting member 120 in aligned holes Two columns are used.

  If for some reason the holes in the beam and connecting member 120 are not aligned, the modularity of the beam system of the present invention allows the construction worker to beam the beam in such a way as to ensure that the connecting member and the beam are connected. Or provide sufficient flexibility to reposition the connecting member. For example, the beam can be telescopically displaced laterally until its top end is aligned with the other top end of the connecting member 120. Alternatively, the hole in the connection member 120 can be accommodated even if the other part of the connection member hole is covered by the beam circumference when the beam is slightly displaced in the transverse direction, for example by having an oval shape. A portion of the connecting member hole may be suitably formed so as to allow sufficient engagement with the cold fastener passing through the beam hole. If the beam hole cannot be aligned with the connecting member hole, additional holes can be drilled in the beam circumference. It will be appreciated that other connection members described below can also be repositioned in the field to quickly and easily connect the beam and the selective connection member.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 30A-C, connecting member 120 may be used to connect beams 122A and 122B using upper reaction plate insert 127 and lower reaction plate insert 128, respectively. FIG. 30A illustrates a side view of connecting member 120 connected to beam 122A using inserts 127 and 128. FIG. Prior to assembly, inserts 127 and 128 are connected to the flange of beam 122A by flange fastener 71 as shown in FIG. 30B. Next, the connecting member 120 is inserted into the web of holes 129 and beams 122A using inserts 127 and 128 and elongated flange fasteners 181, as shown in FIG. 30C, and into the web of connecting member 120. Attached to beam 122A by a web fastener (not shown) that passes through hole 32 to be drilled. The beam 122B is then inserted into the connecting member 120 and then placed in close proximity to the beam 122A, after which the connecting member 120 is inserted by the elongated fastener 181 and by the web fastener, and the inserts 127 and 128 and It is attached to the flange of the beam 122B. The beams 122A and 122B can be placed in close proximity before the connecting member 120 is slid over and connected to the two beams.

  FIG. 11 illustrates a connecting member 130 used to connect four beams, using the connecting member 130, two pairs of adjacent beams are connected in a transverse direction, and two pairs of adjacent beams. Are connected in the longitudinal direction. The connection member 130 includes the connection member 120 of FIG. 10 and two plates 132 and 134 connected to the upper flange 122 and the lower flange 124 of the connection member 120, respectively. The flange fastener 71 is used to connect the upper plate 132 and the lower plate 134, the upper flange 122 and the lower flange 124 of the connecting member 120, the upper and lower flanges of the two transversely connected beams, respectively. . Two pairs of adjacent beams are connected to the connecting member 120 in the transverse direction as described above. Two pairs of adjacent beams are used to connect the lower plate 134 of the upper connection member with the upper plate 132 of the lower connection member 130 using cold fasteners that pass through aligned holes 137 in the plate laterally spaced from the flange fastener 71. By connecting, they are connected in the longitudinal direction.

  FIG. 12 illustrates a connecting member 140 by which a beam, eg, a post, is attached to a structural element 148, such as a foundation or column. The connecting member 140 includes a sleeve-like connecting member 80 connected to the transverse end of the beam 145. The longitudinal free edge 142 of the connecting member 80, that is, the edge extending away from the beam 145, is welded to the structural end plate 146 substantially perpendicular to the web 7 of the beam 145. The plate 146 is then placed in abutting relationship with the structural element 148 and attached thereto by connecting means 149 with sufficient structural strength to withstand all anticipated forces and moments that the beam will be exposed to. . It will be appreciated that any beam system of the present invention will always utilize a connecting member 140 for attachment to a structural element.

  FIG. 13 illustrates a connection member 150 for connecting the vertical beam 154 and the horizontal beam 158 by moment connection. The connecting member 150 includes two corner sleeves 152 and 153 that are connected to the beams 154 and 158 by flange fasteners 71, eg, blind rivets, and web fasteners 72, eg, bolts and corresponding nuts, respectively. The corner sleeves 152 and 153 have two spaced trapezoidal webs 159 that have their distal edges 161, i.e. the edges away from the corners, arranged substantially longitudinally and in close proximity. The leading edge 163, ie, the edge closest to the corner, is configured to be inclined relative to the distal edge 161, for example, at an angle of about 45 degrees. The corner sleeves 152 and 153 also have a long flange 164 and a short flange 166 that extend from the distal edge 161 to the proximal edge 163. The angled end plates 167 and 168 are abutted and welded to the proximal edge 163 of the corner sleeves 152 and 153 and the flanges 164 and 166, respectively. Next, the two inclined end plates 167 and 168 are bolted together. The volume in the corner sleeve from its proximal edge to the proximal transverse edge of the corresponding beam in force transmitting contact with the corner sleeve is hollow.

  14A-C illustrate a connecting member 170 comprising a reaction plate insert 176 for connecting a vertical beam 154 and a horizontal beam 158 by a momentary connection. A connection member 170 configured similar to that of connection member 150 (FIG. 13) is beamed by elongated flange fasteners 181 engageable with corresponding internally threaded bores 171 and 179 of reaction plate insert 176 and by fasteners 72. Two corner sleeves 182 and 183 are connected to 154 and 158, respectively. The short plate 172 of the insert 176 is attached to the corresponding beam flanges 6 and 16 adjacent to the long flange 184 of the connecting member 170. The long plate 174 of the insert 176 extends proximally from the proximal edge of the short plate 172 and allows a portion of the flange 184 of the connecting member 170 that does not abut the flange of the beam to be secured thereby. Therefore, the connecting member 170 can withstand a relatively high force exposed to it. Corner sleeves 182 and 183 have two spaced trapezoidal webs configured similar to web 159 of FIG. 13 but with longer transverse dimensions.

  FIG. 15 illustrates a connecting member 190 configured to connect the beam 194 to a girder 195, eg, a perimeter beam or a ridge beam. The connecting member 190 has two webs: a sleeve 80A connected to the right end of the transverse treasury of the beam 194, a sleeve 80B connected to the middle part of the girder 195 substantially perpendicular to the sleeve 80A, and the sleeve 80A. End plate 197 welded and extending laterally therebetween, and welded to the center of the adjacent web of end plate 197 and sleeve 80B and transverse from the center of the adjacent web of end plate 197 and sleeve 80B And an end plate 198 extending in the direction.

  FIG. 16 illustrates a connecting member 200 configured to be a ridge connection at the top end of a structure, such as the top of a roof, for example. The connecting member 200 includes two end plates 201 and 202 that are bolted together, two symmetrical sleeves 204 and 205 that are welded to the plates 201 and 202, respectively, and two pairs of symmetrical triangular ribs 207. And 208. Ribs 207 and 208 are generally oriented so that their bottom edges 217 and 218 are parallel to the underlying ground, respectively, but this is not necessarily so. The proximal transverse ends of the sleeves 204 and 205 are cut at a predetermined angle, and then the proximal edges are placed in abutting relationship with the corresponding end plates and welded. Each rib 207 and 208 configured to reinforce the connection member 200 has a corresponding connection member flange and a corresponding one so that the short leg of the rib contacts the end plate and the long leg contacts the connection member flange. Welded to end plate. The beams 212 and 214 are then inserted and connected into sleeves 204 and 205, respectively. By using the connecting member 200, the angle between the beams 212 and 214 can be guaranteed to be a predetermined value, and the structural consistency of the ridge connection can be maintained.

  With reference to FIG. 17, the connecting member 200 is configured to connect the post 225 to the beam 228. The connecting member 200 includes the connecting member 140 of FIG. 12 with the end plate 146, the two connecting members 55 of FIG. 28, and a plurality of pre-welded ribs 229. Connection members 140 are connected to the transverse ends of beam 228 and each connection member 55 is connected to a corresponding lateral end of post 225. At each lateral end of the post 225, the plate 59 is connected to the web of the post 225 by a cold fastener, the element 61 abuts the corresponding inclined element in the head portion of the post 225, and the plate 57 is Connected to the end plate by a cold fastener (see FIG. 28). A plurality of, for example, three horizontally disposed ribs 229 as shown are welded to both plates 57 and 59.

  FIG. 18 illustrates a connecting member 230 that is similarly configured to connect the post 225 to the beam 228. Although the posts and beams connected by the connecting member 220 in FIG. 17 are adjacent to each other, the connector 230 is configured to connect relatively spaced posts and beams. That is, the connector 230 is the same as the connector 220 with different orientations, and includes the member 140 of FIG. 12, the two connecting members 55 of FIG. 28, and a plurality of pre-welded ribs 229.

  FIG. 19 illustrates a connection member 240 configured to connect mutually perpendicular beams 242 and 244 of different longitudinal dimensions. The connection member 240 includes the single web connection member 100 of FIG. 8 and a variably shaped planar element 245. The variably shaped element 245 has a rectangular portion 246 that is connected to the web of beam 242 and an elongated portion 248 that is welded to the connecting member 100 at a substantially transverse centerline of the connecting member 100. That is, the transverse edges of the variably shaped element 245 are welded to the tilt elements 101 and 103 and the web 104 of the connecting element 100.

  20 and 21 illustrate connection members 250 and 260, respectively, used as cable connectors. In FIG. 20, the connecting member 250 includes a single web connecting member 100 of FIG. 8 and a reinforcing element 251 that extends longitudinally along the web centerline of the connecting member 100 and is welded to the web centerline of the connecting member 100. And coplanar plates 253 and 254 that are symmetrical with respect to the reinforcing element 251 and extend laterally from the web 104. The plates 253 and 254 are welded to both the web 104 and the reinforcing element 251 and drilled with a single corresponding hole, and the hooked ends 259 of the wound reinforcing cables 256 and 257 are engageable with the holes, respectively. . In FIG. 21, the connecting member 260 includes an L-shaped element 265 connected to the web of beam 252. The legs of element 265 extend laterally from the web of beam 252 and are perforated with two holes, and the hook ends of cables 256 and 257 are engageable with the holes, respectively.

  Figures 22-26 illustrate connecting members connected to corresponding purlins. Any desired number of purlins can be connected to the beam using a corresponding number of connecting members.

  In FIG. 22, the connecting member 270 extends longitudinally along the center line of the web 86 of the connecting member 80 and the connecting member 80 connected to the beam 272 and welds to the center line of the web 86 of the connecting member 80. Strengthening element 278. The web 274 of the C-shaped purlin 275 is connected to the reinforcing element 278 such that one transverse edge 279 is in abutting relationship with the web 86 of the connecting member 80.

  In FIG. 23, the connecting member 280 is an L-shaped element 284, and the leg 286 is connected to the web of the beam 282. A leg 287 that is perpendicular to and the same size as the leg 286 is connected to the web 274 of the C-shaped purlin.

  FIG. 24 illustrates a connecting member 290 that includes the two connecting members 110 of FIG. 9 connected to the two lateral ends of the beam 292, respectively. Plates 295 are welded perpendicular to the corresponding connecting member web 114 and have the same longitudinal dimensions as the corresponding connecting member web 114. Triangular ribs 298 are welded to the bottom edge of the web 114 and the plate 295. Thus, two coplanar C-shaped purlin beams 275 can be connected to the connecting member 290, whereby the web 275 of the purlin beam 275 is connected to the corresponding plate 295 and abuts against the web 114.

  In FIG. 25, the connection member 300 includes the connection member 100 of FIG. 9 connected to the beam 302, a triangular rib 303, and a triangular plate 45. The leg 304 of the rib 303 is welded to the flange 107 of the connecting member 110, and the leg 307 of the rib 303 is welded to the plate 45, which can also be welded to the flange 107. The plate 45 is then connected to the web 309 of the Z-shaped purlin 305.

  In FIG. 26, the connecting member 310 includes two mutually perpendicular plates 45C and 45D of FIG. 27 and a triangular rib 303 welded to the plates 45C and 45D. The plate 45C is connected to the beam flange, and the plate 45B is connected to the web 309 of the Z-shaped purlin 305.

  As shown in FIG. 35, the connecting member 450 can be connected to both the composite beam 10 and the wall 455. Connection member 450 includes two symmetrical portions 460 and 465. Each portion includes a web portion 462 that is connected to an adjacent web 7 of the beam 10 by a web fastener 72, a wall abutment plate 466 that is connected to a wall 455 by a cold fastener 457, and a tilting element or tongue of the beam 10. And a tilting element 464 extending from the web portion 462 to the wall abutment plate 466 in mutual stabilizing contact.

  Architects and civil engineers designing the structures supported by the beam system of the present invention benefit from the great choice possibilities. Various combinations of the aforementioned beams and connecting members can be selected based on design loads and stress concentrations. The load capacity of the beam system can also be changed by changing the thickness of the sheet metal from which the beam or connecting member is manufactured, or by changing the number and location of cold fasteners used to connect the beam and connecting member. Can be done.

  For example, in the beam system 350 illustrated in FIG. 31, the maximum stress concentration is found near the corner 355 of the connection member 150 that provides an instantaneous connection. A connecting member 150 is connected to the post 154 and the ridge beam 214, and the post 154 is connected to a foundation attached to the connecting member 140. The two ridge beams 212 and 214 are connected using the connection member 200 (FIG. 16). The stress concentration in the connecting member 150 can be reduced by increasing the thickness of the sheet metal constituting the connecting member 150. In contrast, with prior art instantaneous connections, the overall significantly longer ridge beam thickness is increased as needed to reduce stress concentrations at the instantaneous connection, and is time intensive and expensive. Assembly work is required. Stress concentrations at the connecting member 150 can also be reduced by increasing the transverse dimension of the corner sleeve. Since the fasteners connecting adjacent ridge beams are closer to the instantaneous connection corner 355, the stress concentration increases and requires a larger number of fasteners. Thus, the stress concentration to which the cold fastener is exposed is reduced by increasing the transverse dimension of the corner sleeve.

  FIG. 32 illustrates a connecting member 120 (FIG. 10) connected to two beams 10, which are then respectively connected to two pillars (not shown) by a connecting member (FIG. 12). In the beam system 360 shown in FIG. 1, the maximum stress concentration is seen in the connecting member 120 because the connecting member is interposed between the two beams 10. Stress concentration can be reduced by increasing the thickness of the connecting member 120, rather than increasing the thickness of the beam 10, as previously implemented in prior art beam systems.

  FIG. 33 illustrates an exemplary beam system 380 assembled from a number of the aforementioned beams and connecting members. It will be appreciated that other suitable beams and connecting beams may be utilized. The arrangement of the system 380 is similar to that of the prior art beam system, but because of the use of the composite beam and connecting member of the present invention, the amount of steel used and the assembly cost associated with the system 380 is that of the prior art system. Significantly less than.

  Beam system 380 includes a plurality of posts 225, some of which are separated by L spans and some of which are separated by 2L spans. The front row 382 consists of 6 posts, the central row 384 consists of 5 posts, and the distal row 386 consists of 5 posts. Each post 225 is connected to the foundation using a corresponding connecting member 140 (FIG. 12). The ridge beam 212 or 214 is connected to the post 225 by an instantaneous connection embodied by the connecting member 150 (FIG. 13). The connecting member 200 (FIG. 16) connects a pair of ridge beams 212 and 214, and the pair of ridge beams are arranged along each side row so that a plurality of ridge beam pairs are parallel to each other. In order to connect the connecting member 200 to the corresponding central post 225C, a horizontally oriented plate is welded to the bottom edge ribs 207 and 208 (FIG. 16) that reinforce the connecting member 200. The connecting member 140 is then connected to the uppermost portion of the center post 225C such that the plate 146 of the connecting member 140 faces upward and is attached to a plate welded to the ribs 207 and 208 by cold fasteners. A plurality of purlins 305 are arranged perpendicular to the plurality of ridge beams to support the metal deck. A connecting member 300 (FIG. 25) is used to connect the purlin beam 305 to each ridge beam, the purlin beam extends across each ridge beam, and the purlin beam is supported by each ridge beam. When the purlin is attached to an instantaneous connection, for example, along the front row 382, a connecting member 381 including a connecting member 150 is used, and a rib 303 (FIG. 25) on its flange 164 of the corner sleeve 153 (FIG. 13). Are welded, and the ribs are also welded to the plate 45 connected to the web 309 of the purlin 305. A cross beam 10, such as that disposed along the distal row 386, has a first connection member 80 (FIG. 6) connected to the post, and a second connection member 80 connected to the cross beam. Are connected to each post 225 using a connecting member 389 including a horizontally disposed plate 198 (FIG. 15), the plate being approximately at the transverse centerline of the first connecting member as well as approximately the second connecting member. Welded to the longitudinal centerline. The winding reinforcement cable is engaged with the connection member 260 (FIG. 21).

  FIG. 34 illustrates a beam system 390 that is assembled from many of the same beams and connecting members used in the system 380 of FIG. Due to the lateral stability and strength-to-weight ratio of the composite beam of the present invention relative to the prior art I-shaped steel, and because of the use of connecting members in force transmitting contact with the beam, a sheet of moderate thickness, for example 4 mm A beam made of metal can travel over a distance much longer than the maximum free span of prior art beams, eg 25 m, without bracing or bridging. As shown, the beam system 390 has the same number of beam systems of FIG. 33 along its front row 382, ie, six posts 225, but its center row 384 has only two posts. The end row 386 consists of only 3 posts. Thus, the span along the distal row 386 can be on the order of 4L. Further, a lateral beam is not necessary.

  While several embodiments of the invention have been described by way of illustration, the invention is susceptible to numerous modifications, variations and adaptations without departing from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the claims. It will be apparent that this can be accomplished with and with the use of numerous equivalents or alternative solutions within the purview of those skilled in the art.

It is a perspective view which shows two members of the composite beam accommodated in the nested form. It is a side view which shows two members of a composite beam when it exists in the structure which can accommodate two members alternately. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a hole formed in the web and flange of the composite beam. FIG. 6 is a side view of a composite beam according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a side view of a composite beam according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the connection member comprised as a sleeve. FIG. 7 is a side view of the connecting member of FIG. 6 in a mutually stabilizing contact state surrounding the beam of FIG. It is a side view which shows the connection member which has one web. FIG. 5 is a side view of a connecting member having one web that is significantly shorter than the web of beams to which the connecting member is attached. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a connecting member configured to connect two transversely spaced beams. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connecting member configured to connect two longitudinally spaced beams. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a connection member configured to connect a beam to a planar structural element. It is a perspective view which shows the connection member comprised as an instantaneous connection. It is a perspective view which shows the other embodiment of the connection member comprised as an instantaneous connection. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the reaction plate insert cut | disconnected about plane AA of FIG. 14B is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing the corner sleeve cut about plane BB of FIG. 14A, showing the top surface of the reaction plate insert of FIG. 14B. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connection member configured to connect a beam to a girder. It is a perspective view which shows the connection member comprised so that it may be a ridge connection. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connection member configured to connect posts to a beam in an adjacent relationship. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connecting member configured to connect a post to a vertically spaced beam. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a connecting member configured to connect two mutually perpendicular beams of different longitudinal dimensions. It is a perspective view which shows the connection member used as a cable connection. It is a perspective view which shows the connection member used as a cable connection. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a connection member adapted for connection to a corresponding purlin. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a connection member adapted for connection to a corresponding purlin. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a connection member adapted for connection to a corresponding purlin. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a connection member adapted for connection to a corresponding purlin. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a connection member adapted for connection to a corresponding purlin. It is a side view which shows the connection member comprised as a plate. It is a top view which shows the other embodiment of a connection member. FIG. 28 is a side view showing a beam to which two connection members of FIG. 27 are connected. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a composite beam to which reaction plate inserts are connected. It is a front view which shows the beam of FIG. 30A. It is a front view which shows two beams connected by the connection member of FIG. It is a front view which shows a beam system provided with a moment and a building connection. FIG. 2 is a front view showing a beam system adapted to connect two pillars attached to a beam. 1 is a perspective view showing a beam system utilizing a plurality of beams and connecting members, similar to an arrangement of prior art beam systems. FIG. FIG. 34 is a perspective view of another beam system utilizing multiple beams and connecting members, showing the increased span between posts that can be achieved with the use of the beam and connecting members of the present invention for the arrangement of FIG. ing. FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a connecting member configured to connect a beam to a wall. FIG. 6 is a side view of a connecting member that includes two identically directed portions welded together to define a sleeve having two triangular head portions. FIG. 36B is a side view showing one of the parts in FIG. 36A.

Claims (31)

A modular reinforced structural beam and connecting member system comprising:
a) at least one composite beam having two oppositely directed triangular occlusion head portions and a transversely extending web interposed between the two occlusion head portions, each of the beams comprising: Consisting of two separate members arranged such that the corresponding head portions of the two members are nested and adjacent elements of the two members are in mutual stable contact;
b) including a plurality of connecting members, at least two of the connecting members being connected to one of the composite beam and other structural elements and of the composite beam and other structural elements; One in force transmission contact state,
Beam system.   Each member of the composite beam includes a first head portion, a second head portion, and a longitudinally disposed web portion interposed between the first head portion and the second head portion. The first head portion and the second head portion have a corresponding essentially laterally arranged flange, and a tilting element extending between the first lateral end of the flange and the web portion; The beam system according to claim 1, comprising a tilting tongue extending from a first lateral end of the flange and having a length substantially shorter than the length of the tilting element.   The first side of the triangular closure head portion includes the two flanges of the two composite beam members, the second and third sides of which are one tilting element of the composite beam member and the other composite beam. The beam system according to claim 2, comprising a tongue of the member.   With respect to the second side and the third side of the closure head portion, the angular spacing between the tilt element and its corresponding flange is essentially the same as the angular spacing between the tongue element and its corresponding flange. The beam system of claim 3, which is equal.   4. The beam system of claim 3, wherein adjacent sides of the triangular occlusion head portion are angularly separated by an angle of 60 degrees.   The beam system according to claim 2, wherein each beam member is cold rolled.   The beam of claim 2, further comprising means for joining corresponding flanges of the first and second beam members to prevent relative transverse displacement of one of the beam members. system.   The beam system according to claim 7, wherein the flange joining means is a cold fastener.   The beam system of claim 2, further comprising means for joining corresponding web portions of the first and second beam members.   The beam system according to claim 9, wherein the web joining means is a cold fastener.   The beam system according to claim 2, wherein the flange of the first head portion has a longer lateral dimension than the flange of the second flange portion. The first and second members are the same, and the second member includes the first head portion of the second member housed in the second head portion of the first member, and the first member of the first member. The first head portion is in an opposite orientation to the first member such that the first head portion is received within the second head portion of the second member;
The beam system according to claim 11.   The beam system according to claim 2, wherein the flange of the first head portion has the same lateral dimension as the flange of the second flange portion.   The first head portion of the second member is housed within the first head portion of the first member, and the second head portion of the second member is within the second head portion of the first member. The beam system of claim 13, which is housed in   The first head portion of the second member is housed within the first head portion of the first member, and the second head portion of the second member is within the second head portion of the first member. The beam system according to claim 11, which is housed in   The beam system according to claim 1, wherein a top end of the head portion of the first member is reinforced by the head portion of a second member in which the first head portion is housed.   The joint between the tilt element and the web portion of the first member and the joint between the tilt element and the web portion of the second member are flush with the plane parallel to the corresponding flange. 17. A beam system according to claim 16 above.   3. The beam system of claim 2, wherein a connecting member is connected to the composite beam using cold fasteners engageable with the connecting member and corresponding alignment holes drilled in the beam.   The beam system according to claim 18, wherein the connection member is a commercially available product connected in the field using a cold fastener.   The beam system of claim 19, wherein the connection includes more than one element welded together.   19. The beam system of claim 18, wherein the connecting member is connected to the composite beam using a cold fastener and a reaction plate insert attached internally to the beam.   Contact where the connecting member is configured as a sleeve having a selective transverse direction, longitudinal direction and transverse direction, completely surrounding a part of the composite beam circumference having said selective dimensions and stabilizing each other The beam system according to claim 18 configured to be in a state.   23. The beam system of claim 22, wherein the sleeve includes two cold rolling elements that are welded together.   23. The beam system of claim 22, wherein the sleeve comprises a single element and its two adjacent edges are welded together.   23. The beam system of claim 22, wherein the sleeve includes two adjacent half sleeves that are respectively connected to the two lateral sides of the beam.   The beam system according to claim 19, wherein the connecting member is configured as a single web.   27. The beam system of claim 26, wherein the web of the connecting member is substantially shorter than the web of the beam to which the connecting member is attached.   21. A beam system according to claim 20, wherein the connecting member comprises a plate in force transmitting contact with a beam web or flange.   29. The beam system of claim 28, wherein the connecting member includes two plates that are angularly spaced apart and an element that extends between and tilts relative to the two plates.   The beam system according to claim 20, wherein the connecting member further comprises at least one rib.   21. The beam system according to claim 20, wherein the connecting member is configured as an instantaneous connection.

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