JP2009504333A - 針生検イメージングシステム - Google Patents
針生検イメージングシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009504333A JP2009504333A JP2008527068A JP2008527068A JP2009504333A JP 2009504333 A JP2009504333 A JP 2009504333A JP 2008527068 A JP2008527068 A JP 2008527068A JP 2008527068 A JP2008527068 A JP 2008527068A JP 2009504333 A JP2009504333 A JP 2009504333A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は概して、イメージングおよび画像診断の分野に関する。ある例示的態様では、本発明は、内視鏡の遠位端と接触した、またはそれに近接する細胞層をイメージングする光学針生検として使用できる内視鏡に関する。ある例示的態様では、内視鏡は光ファイバイメージガイドを含んでもよい。別の例示的態様では、内視鏡はグレーデッドインデックスレンズ(GRIN)イメージガイドを含んでもよい。別の例示的態様では、内視鏡は、光ファイバおよびグレーデッドインデックスレンズの両方を含むイメージガイドを含んでもよい。別の例示的態様では、内視鏡は磁気共鳴画像法(MRI)適合性であり、同時MRIおよび光学イメージングのために使用できる。
本出願は、2005年8月15日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/708,301号に対し優先権を主張するが、その本文全体は、否認無しで、本明細書において参照により特異的に組み入れられる。
本発明の局面は、NSF、プロジェクトタイトル“NSF IGERT”、助成金番号第0333080号の政府支援によりなされた。本発明の局面は、NIH、プロジェクトタイトル“Fiber Optic In Vivo Confocal Microscopy” University of Texas会計番号(Account No.)第26-1606-76xxの政府支援によりなされた。
癌および他の組織異常を検出するために多くの技術が存在する。これらの技術はしばしば、細胞群に関連する物理的、分子的、または代謝的な(ならびに他の)量の顕著な変化に依存する。
先行技術のある欠点は、本明細書で開示した技術により軽減され、または排除される可能性がある。これらの技術は、組織のイメージングを含む任意の用途を含むが、それに限定されない、膨大な数の用途、特に従来針生検を要求する用途に適用可能である。
下記説明は、特定の態様に関するものであり、例示にすぎない。これらの特別な例の説明は、余分な制限として添付の特許請求の範囲に取り込むべきではない。添付の特許請求の範囲はそれ自体、本発明の法律上の範囲を規定するからである。本開示のおかげで、当業者は、本明細書で主張し、記載した技術を改良してもよく、多くの追加の異なる用途に適用してもよく、同じまたは同様の結果が達成されることを理解するであろう。添付の特許請求の範囲は、本開示の範囲および精神に含まれるすべてのそのような改変に及ぶ。
下記実施例は、本開示に関連する特定の実験の局面を説明するために含ませたものである。図7〜12は、本開示の態様に関連するデータを示す。例として示した対象は、添付の本発明の特許請求の範囲に含まれ、または保護される対象を規定する特許請求の範囲に付加されてもよい。
下記参考文献の各々は、全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
1. 米国特許第6,766,184号
2. 米国特許第6,697,666号
3. 米国特許第6,639,674号
4. 米国特許第6,593,101号
5. 米国特許第6,571,118号
6. 米国特許第6,370,422号
7. 米国特許第6,258,576号
8. 米国特許第6,241,662号
9. 米国特許第6,187,289号
10. 米国特許第6,135,965号
11. 米国特許第6,095,982号
12. 米国特許第5,991,653号
13. 米国特許第5,929,985号
14. 米国特許第5,920,399号
15. 米国特許第5,842,995号
16. 米国特許第5,699,795号
17. 米国特許第5,697,373号
18. 米国特許第5,623,932号
19. 米国特許第5,612,540号
20. 米国特許第5,562,100号
21. 米国特許第5,421,339号
22. 米国特許第5,421,337号
23. 米国特許第5,419,323号
24. 米国特許第5,345,941号
25. 米国特許第5,201,318号
Claims (39)
- 近位端および遠位端を有するイメージガイドと;
源放射線をイメージガイドに誘導するように構成された光学部品と;
検出器と;
試料放射物を検出器に誘導するように構成された光学部品と
を含み、
イメージガイドの焦点面が実質的に遠位端の先端に存在し、
イメージングシステムが細胞または細胞下解像度を達成する、試料をイメージングするためのイメージングシステム。 - イメージガイドが光ファイバ束を含む、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- イメージガイドの遠位端にグレーデッドインデックスレンズをさらに含む、請求項2記載のイメージングシステム。
- イメージガイドがグレーデッドレンズシステムを含む、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- グレーデッドインデックスレンズシステムが、拡大鏡およびリレーレンズを含む、請求項4記載のイメージングシステム。
- 試料をインビボでイメージングするように構成される、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- 解像度が約2μmまたはそれより良好である、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- 蛍光モードで動作するように構成される、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- 反射率モードで動作するように構成される、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- 磁気共鳴画像(MRI)装置と適合性のある、請求項1記載のイメージングシステム。
- 放射線源と;
線源と光通信したコリメートレンズと;
コリメートレンズと光通信したビームスプリッタと;
ビームスプリッタと光通信した対物レンズと;
対物レンズと光通信し、近位端および遠位端を有し、遠位端が集束レンズを有さず、装置の焦点面が実質的に遠位端の先端に存在する、ファイバ束と;
ビームスプリッタと光通信したレンズと;
検出器とを含み、
細胞または細胞下解像度を達成する、イメージング内視鏡装置。 - ヒト組織のインビボイメージングのために構成される、請求項11記載の装置。
- 検出器がCCD検出器である、請求項11記載の装置。
- 解像度が約2μmまたはそれより良好である、請求項11記載の装置。
- 励起フィルタまたはエミッションフィルタをさらに含み、蛍光モードで動作するように構成された、請求項11記載の装置。
- 反射率モードで動作するように構成された、請求項11記載の装置。
- 磁気共鳴画像(MRI)装置と適合性のある、請求項11記載の装置。
- 細胞または細胞下解像度を有する内視鏡を用いて線源からの放射線を試料上に誘導する工程であって、内視鏡が1つまたは複数のファイバを含み、ファイバが近位端および遠位端を有し、内視鏡の焦点面が実質的に遠位端の先端に存在する、工程;ならびに
試料からの放射線を検出器上に誘導し、試料を診断またはモニタする工程
を含む、イメージング法。 - 試料がヒト組織を含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- 試料が1つまたは複数のマーカーまたは造影剤を含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数のマーカーまたは造影剤が、トルイジンブルー、クレシルバイオレット、酢酸、フルオレセイン、NBDG(蛍光グルコース類似体)、抗体標的蛍光色素、抗体標的ナノ粒子、抗体標的量子ドット、ルゴールヨウ素、メチレンブルー、クリスタルバイオレット、蛍光デキストラン、SYTO核酸染色液、Alexa Fluor色素、金ナノ粒子又は銀ナノ粒子を含む、請求項20記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数のマーカーまたは造影剤が、フルオロフォアまたはナノ粒子を含む、請求項20記載の方法。
- 試料が細胞を含み、フルオロフォアまたはナノ粒子が1つまたは複数の特別な細胞の標的とされる、請求項22記載の方法。
- 癌が診断される、請求項18記載の方法。
- MRI装置を使用して、ファイバによるイメージングをナビゲートする工程をさらに含む、請求項24記載の方法。
- イメージングがインビボで実施される、請求項18記載の方法。
- イメージングが蛍光イメージングを含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- イメージングが反射率イメージングを含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- 磁気共鳴画像(MRI)装置を用いて試料を同時にイメージングする工程をさらに含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- (a)ナノ粒子媒介分子治療の送達および薬物動態のモニタリング;
(b)分子治療の送達および最も早い分子応答のモニタリング;または
(c)分子治療に対する遅延応答と関連する生物マーカーのイメージング
をさらに含む、請求項29記載の方法。 - MRI装置を使用して、試料内の造影剤分布をモニタする、請求項30記載の方法。
- 造影剤分布が、トルイジンブルー、クレシルバイオレット、酢酸、フルオレセイン、NBDG(蛍光グルコース類似体)、抗体標的蛍光色素、抗体標的ナノ粒子、抗体標的量子ドット、ルゴールヨウ素、メチレンブルー、クリスタルバイオレット、蛍光デキストラン、SYTO核酸染色液、Alexa Fluor色素、金ナノ粒子又は銀ナノ粒子を含む、請求項31記載の方法。
- 試料中での造影剤の相互作用をモニタする工程をさらに含む、請求項31記載の方法。
- 診断が試料の染色を含まない、請求項18記載の方法。
- イメージングにより生成されたデータを使用して試料のマージンを分析する工程をさらに含む、請求項18記載の方法。
- マージンを分析する工程が、腫瘍増殖の程度をイメージングする工程を含む、請求項35記載の方法。
- 針生検を必要とする患者を識別する工程;および
患者を針生検の代わりに光学イメージングに供する工程
を含み、光学イメージングが、
(a)細胞または細胞下解像度を有する内視鏡を使用して、インビボにおいて線源からの放射線を患者の試料上に誘導する工程であって、内視鏡が1つまたは複数のファイバを含み、ファイバが近位端および遠位端を含み、内視鏡の焦点面が実質的に遠位端の先端に存在する、工程;
(b)試料からの放射線を検出器上に誘導し、試料を診断またはモニタする工程を含む、方法。 - 源放射線を放射するように構成された線源と;
検出器と;
線源と光通信し、源放射線を試料まで誘導して、試料から光信号を生成させるように構成された、第1の光ファイバと;
検出器と光通信したイメージガイドと
を含み、
イメージガイドが光信号を検出器に誘導するように構成され;
イメージガイドが近位端および遠位端を有し;
遠位端が集束レンズを有さず;かつ
第1の光ファイバはイメージガイドから分離される、イメージング内視鏡装置。 - 細胞または細胞下解像度を達成する、請求項38記載の装置。
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