JP2009297704A - Solid/liquid separation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically keep the liquid content of the object-to-be-treated disharged from the exit at a nearly constant value or in a nearly specified range, in a solid/liquid separation apparatus wherein a screw disposed in a solid/liquid separation section is rotated, the object-to-be-treated entering the solid/liquid separation section is moved toward the exit of the solid/liquid separation section while the filtrate separated from the-object-to-be-treated is discharged from the solid/liquid separation section through the filtrate discharge section of the solid/liquid separation section, and the object-to-be-treated of a lowered liquid content is discharged from the solid/liquid separation section through the filtrate discharge section of the solid/liquid separation section, which solid/liquid separation apparatus comprises a regulation member disposed in opposite to the exit of the solid/liquid separation section and supported in a manner capable of approaching orleaving the exit and a powering means that presses the regulation member against the exit of the solid/liquid separation section. <P>SOLUTION: A screw control means that controls the number of revolutions per minute of a screw 21 is provided so that the liquid content of the object-to-be-treated discharged from the exit 3B of the solid/liquid separation section 3 falls at a predetermined constant value or in a predetermined definite range. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention rotates at least one screw arranged in a solid-liquid separation unit, and moves the processing object that has entered the solid-liquid separation unit toward the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, while processing the object. The liquid separated from the product is discharged out of the solid-liquid separation unit through the filtrate discharge unit of the solid-liquid separation unit, and the processing object having a reduced liquid content is discharged out of the solid-liquid separation unit from the outlet A separation device that is disposed to face the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit and is supported so as to be able to approach or separate from the outlet, and the regulation member is connected to the solid-liquid separation unit The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device having an urging means for pressurizing toward the outlet of the liquid.

  Processed objects containing liquids, such as waste tofu, food processing wastewater, sewage treatment products, or organic sludge such as wastewater discharged from pig farms, sludge obtained by decomposing organic sludge by microorganisms, plating wastewater, ink wastewater In order to separate the liquid from inorganic sludge such as pigment waste liquid and paint waste liquid, or processing objects such as vegetable scraps and fruit peels, food residues, okara, etc., it is conventional More well known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). According to this type of solid-liquid separation device, since the regulating member is arranged facing the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, the amount of the processing object discharged from the outlet is regulated, and the inside of the solid-liquid separation unit Thus, the liquid removal efficiency for the object to be processed can be increased.

  The liquid content (% by weight) of the processing object that has been subjected to the liquid removal treatment by the conventional solid-liquid separation device varies greatly depending on the liquid content of the processing object that is fed into the solid-liquid separation unit. If a processing object having a high liquid content is deliquidated, the liquid content of the processing object after the processing is increased, and if a processing object having a low liquid content is deliquidated, The liquid content of the processing object becomes low.

  However, in some cases, the liquid content of the object to be treated that has been drained and discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit must be maintained at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range. For example, when a processing object that has been deliquidated by a solid-liquid separator is sent to an incinerator by a pressure pump and the processing object is incinerated, if the liquid content of the processing object is too high, the processing object in the incinerator The incineration efficiency of things decreases. Conversely, if the liquid content of the processing object that has been subjected to the liquid removal treatment by the solid-liquid separation device is too low, it may be difficult to feed the processing object by the pressure pump, and its transportation may be impossible. The liquid content of the processing object that has been lysed by the solid-liquid separator is maintained at a value that allows the processing object to be efficiently conveyed by a pressure pump and that the incineration efficiency of the processing object in the incinerator is not significantly reduced. If so, such a problem does not occur.

  Also, in the case where the processing object that has been subjected to liquid removal treatment by the solid-liquid separation device is sent to the drying device by a pressure pump and the processing object is dried, if the liquid content of the processing object is too high, the drying device If the drying efficiency is reduced and the liquid content is too low, the object to be treated becomes difficult to be fed by the pressure pump, and its transportation may be impossible. Accordingly, in this case as well, the liquid content of the processing object after the liquid removal treatment is maintained at a value at which the processing object can be efficiently conveyed by the pressure pump, and the drying efficiency of the processing object in the drying apparatus is not greatly reduced. It is preferable to sag.

Japanese Patent No. 3917646 JP 60-19011 A JP-A-5-228695 JP 2003-265908 A Japanese Patent No. 3565841 Japanese Patent No. 3573742 Japanese Patent No. 3638597

  The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned recognition, and the object of the present invention is to automatically determine the liquid content of the processing object after the liquid removal process discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit. An object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid separation device capable of maintaining a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range.

  The present invention rotates at least one screw arranged in a solid-liquid separation unit, and moves the processing object that has entered the solid-liquid separation unit toward the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, while processing the object. The liquid separated from the product is discharged out of the solid-liquid separation unit through the filtrate discharge unit of the solid-liquid separation unit, and the processing object having a reduced liquid content is discharged out of the solid-liquid separation unit from the outlet A separation device that is disposed to face the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit and is supported so as to be able to approach or separate from the outlet, and the regulation member is connected to the solid-liquid separation unit In the solid-liquid separation device having an urging means that pressurizes toward the outlet of the liquid, the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is within a predetermined value or within a predetermined range. The number of rotations of the screw is controlled so that Characterized in that a screw control means that.

  In that case, the solid-liquid separation device includes an interval detection device that detects an interval between the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit and the regulating member, and the screw control means is based on a detection result by the interval detection device. Thus, the number of rotations of the screw can be controlled such that the interval is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a certain range.

  The solid-liquid separation device further includes a pressure detection device that detects the pressure of the object to be processed existing in a region near the outlet in the solid-liquid separation unit, and the screw control unit is based on a detection result of the pressure detection device. Thus, the number of rotations of the screw may be controlled so that the pressure is maintained at a predetermined constant value or a value within a predetermined range.

  The solid-liquid separation device further includes a load detection device that detects a load received by the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation portion by the regulating member, and the screw control means includes the load detection device. On the basis of the detection result, the rotation speed of the screw may be controlled so that the load is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a certain range.

  The solid-liquid separation device further includes a liquid content detection device that detects the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, and the screw control means includes the liquid content detection Based on the detection result by the apparatus, the screw is maintained so that the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a predetermined range. It is also possible to configure so as to control the number of rotations.

  Furthermore, in the solid-liquid separation device, a container into which a processing object before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit flows, a processing object pump for pumping the processing object into the container, and a processing object in the container And a control unit for the processing object pump for controlling the processing object pump so that the liquid level is constant based on a detection result by the level detection apparatus. It is advantageous to have

  Further, in the solid-liquid separation device, the container communicates with the concentration detection tank into which the object to be processed before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit flows, and the treatment from the concentration detection tank. An agitation device that comprises an admixing tank into which an object and a flocculant are fed, and that stirs the processing object and the flocculant fed into the admixing tank; and a flocculant that pumps the flocculant into the mixing tank A mixing tank obtained based on a pump, a concentration detection device for detecting the solid content concentration of the processing object in the concentration detection tank, a detection result by the concentration detection device, and a detection result by the level detection device. Control means for the flocculant pump for controlling the flocculant pump so that the addition rate of the flocculant to the processing object is within an appropriate range based on the value of the appropriate flow rate of the processing object to be fed. It is advantageous to have.

  Furthermore, in the solid-liquid separation device, the container includes a mixing tank into which the processing object and the flocculant are fed, and a stirring device that stirs the processing object and the flocculant fed into the mixing tank; , A flocculant pump that pumps the flocculant into the mixing tank, a concentration detection device that detects the solid content concentration of the processing object sent to the mixing tank, a detection result by the concentration detection device, and a level detection device The flocculant pump is obtained so that the addition rate of the flocculant with respect to the processing object is within an appropriate range based on the value of the appropriate flow rate of the processing object fed into the mixing tank obtained based on the detection result. It is advantageous to have control means for the flocculant pump to control

  In the solid-liquid separator, it is advantageous that the urging means includes a fluid pressure cylinder that pressurizes the regulating member.

  Further, the fluid pressure cylinder includes a cylinder body having a hollow inside, a piston disposed in the cylinder body so as to be slidable in an axial direction thereof, and a piston rod fixed to the piston. The shaft is rotatable with respect to the cylinder body, the piston rod, and the piston, and extends through the cylinder body, the piston rod, and the piston, and the piston is added by the working fluid supplied into the cylinder body. It is advantageous if the restricting member is biased towards the outlet of the solid-liquid separation part.

  According to the present invention, the liquid content of the processing target after the liquid removal process discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is automatically maintained at a desired substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range. Can do.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view showing the entire solid-liquid separation apparatus. The solid-liquid separation apparatus shown here has an apparatus main body 100 constituting the main part thereof, and FIG. 2 shows the apparatus main body. FIG. In FIG. 1, the apparatus main body 100 is shown in a simplified manner (the same applies to FIG. 11). Various processing objects including liquid can be solid-liquid separated by the solid-liquid separator, but here, a case where a sludge containing a large amount of water is dehydrated will be described.

  The apparatus main body 100 of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 2 has an inlet member 1, an outlet member 2, and a plurality of fixed plates 28 and a plurality of movable plates 29, which will be described later, disposed between them. The inlet member 1 is formed in a rectangular box shape whose upper part is opened, and the upper opening constitutes an inlet 4 into which sludge flows. Reference numeral 7 denotes a bottom wall of the inlet member 1. An opening 6 is formed in the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1 on the side facing the fixed plate 28 and the movable plate 29, and the other side wall 8 facing the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1 has a rectangular cross section. One side wall 10 of the motor support member 9 formed on the motor support member 9 is fixed by bolts and nuts, and a motor 12 with a reduction gear is fixedly supported on the other side wall 11 of the motor support member 9.

  Both side walls 5 and 8 of the inlet member 1 extend downward, and lower ends thereof are detachably fixed to the stays 13 and 14 of the support frame by bolts and nuts (not shown). 11 also extends downward, and its lower end is detachably fixed to the stay 14 of the support frame by bolts and nuts (not shown).

  The outlet member 2 is open at the top and bottom and has a horizontal cross section formed in a rectangular shape. The side wall 19 of the outlet member 2 facing the fixed plate 28 and the movable plate 29, and the outlet member facing the side wall 19 are provided. Two side walls 20 are formed with openings 22 and 23, respectively. The side walls 19 and 20 extend downward, and their lower ends are detachably fixed to the stays 15 and 16 of the support frame by bolts and nuts (not shown). A bearing member 18 is disposed in the opening 23 formed in the side wall 20, and the bearing member 18 is detachably fixed to the side wall 20 by bolts and nuts. The lower opening of the outlet member 2 constitutes a discharge port 26 through which the dewatered sludge is discharged.

  As described above, a large number of fixed plates 28 and a large number of movable plates 29 are arranged between the inlet member 1 and the outlet member 2, and the adjacent fixed plates 28 have a plurality of small ring-shaped spacers 38. Thus, one movable plate 29 is disposed between the fixed plates 28 that are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction and are adjacent to each other in the axial direction. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the external appearance of two adjacent fixed plates 28, one movable plate 29 disposed between the fixed plates 28, and the spacer 38. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, four spacers 38 are arranged between the fixing plates 28 arranged concentrically and adjacent to each other in the axial direction. The fixed plates 28 and the movable plates 29 arranged concentrically in the axial direction are alternately arranged. Both the fixed plate 28 and the movable plate 29 of the solid-liquid separation device of this example are constituted by rings.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each fixing plate 28 is formed with four ears 39 protruding in the radial direction and arranged in the circumferential direction, and mounting holes 32 are formed in the respective ears 39. Each is formed. The stay bolts 34 extend through the center holes of the spacers 38 disposed between the mounting holes 32 formed in the ears 39 and the fixing plates 28 adjacent in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the stay bolt 34 penetrates the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1 and the side wall 19 of the outlet member 2, and nuts 36 and 36 </ b> A are respectively attached to male threads formed at respective end portions of the respective stay bolts 34. It is screwed and tightened. In FIG. 2, illustration of some stay bolts and spacers is omitted for the sake of clarity (the same applies to FIGS. 7 to 10, 13, and 14).

  As described above, the plurality of fixing plates 28 are integrally fixedly connected to each other by the plurality of stay bolts 34 and the nuts 36 and 36 </ b> A, and are fixed to the inlet member 1 and the outlet member 2. Each stay bolt 34 extends through the plurality of fixing plates 28 and serves to connect the plurality of fixing plates 28. It is also possible to assemble the fixing plates arranged so as to be spaced from each other by spacers so that they can be slightly moved.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the thickness T of each movable plate 29 disposed between the fixed plates 28 is set smaller than the gap width G between the fixed plates. A minute gap g of, for example, about 0.1 mm to 1 mm is formed between the end surfaces of the movable plate 29 facing the surface. As will be described later, the minute gap g constitutes a filtrate discharge section that allows moisture separated from sludge, that is, filtrate to pass through. The thickness T of the movable plate 29 is set to about 1.0 mm to 2 mm, for example, and the gap width G is set to about 2 mm to 3 mm, for example. The thickness t of the fixed plate 28 is set to about 1.5 mm to 3 mm, for example. The sizes of the gap g, the thicknesses T and t, and the gap width G are appropriately set in consideration of the type of processing object.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement state of the fixed plate 28, the movable plate 29, the spacer 38 arranged between the adjacent fixed plates 28, and the stay bolt 34. In this figure, it is easy to understand the figure. Therefore, the movable plate 29 is indicated by a broken line. Here, when the interval between the two spacers 38 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the fixed plate 28 is L, the interval L is smaller than the outer diameter D ₄ of the movable plate 29 (L < D _4). For this reason, the movable plate 29 is prevented from coming out between the adjacent fixed plates 28.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, when considering a circle CC in contact with the fixed plate center side portion of the plurality of spacers 38, the outer diameter D ₄ of each movable plate 29 is larger than the diameter D _{1 of the} circle CC. Is set smaller than the inner diameter D ₃ of each fixing plate 28 (D ₁ > D ₄ , D ₄ > D ₃ ). Thus, each movable plate 29 is movable in the radial direction of the movable plate 29 and is rotatably held between the adjacent fixed plates 28 without coming out of the center hole of each fixed plate 28.

Further, in the solid-liquid separator of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer diameter D ₂ of the fixed plate 28 is set smaller than the diameter D ₁ of the circle CC described above (D _1> D ₂₎ . In FIG. 5, when the adjacent fixed plate 28 and movable plate 29 are viewed in the axial direction, the portions where these plates 28 and 29 overlap each other are hatched. The fixing plate 28 of this example has a plurality of ears 39, and the outer diameter D ₂ of the fixing plate 28 is the outer diameter of an annular portion other than these ears 39.

  In the solid-liquid separation device of this example, the spacers 38 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and are arranged between the plurality of fixing plates 28 fixed to each other by the stay bolts 34 and the adjacent fixing plates 28. The movable plate 29, the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1, and the side wall 19 of the outlet member 2 constitute a solid-liquid separation unit 3 that separates liquid from a processing object (sludge in this example). The solid-liquid separation part 3 is formed hollow inside, and the inlet 6A of the solid-liquid separation part 3 is constituted by the opening 6 of the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1, and the solid-liquid separation is made by the opening 22 of the side wall 19 of the outlet member 2. An outlet 3B of the separation unit 3 is configured. FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the solid-liquid separation unit 3. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the solid-liquid separation part 3 is inclined and arranged so that the outlet 3B side becomes higher.

  A screw 21 extending in the axial direction of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is disposed inside the solid-liquid separation unit 3, and the screw 21 has a shaft 41 and a blade 42 extending in a spiral shape integrally with the shaft 41. is doing. As shown in FIG. 2, the screw 21 extends through the inside of the plurality of fixed plates 28 and the movable plate 29, and is formed on the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1 and the side walls 19 and 20 of the outlet member 2. Further, one end portion of the shaft 41 of the screw 21 is rotatably supported by the bearing member 18. In addition, illustration of the screw 21 is abbreviate | omitted in FIG.

  In the illustrated example, one screw 21 is disposed in the solid-liquid separation unit 3, but a plurality of screws may be disposed in the solid-liquid separation unit 3. At least one screw can be disposed in the solid-liquid separation unit 3.

  The output shaft 45 of the motor 12 shown in FIG. 2 extends through the side walls 11 and 10 of the motor support member 9 and the side wall 8 of the inlet member 1, and is rotatably supported by the side wall 10 via a bearing. . As shown in FIG. 6, the distal end portion of the output shaft 45 is formed hollow inside, and the engagement piece 50 is fixedly disposed at the center of the hollow portion 49. Further, an engaging groove 51 is formed at the other end of the shaft 41 of the screw 21, and the end of the shaft 41 is inserted into the hollow portion 49 of the output shaft 45 as shown in FIG. The engaged groove 51 is engaged with an engagement piece 50 provided on the output shaft 45. When the motor 12 operates and the output shaft 45 rotates, the rotation is transmitted to the screw 21 via the engaging piece 50 and the engaging groove 51 engaged with each other, and the screw 21 rotates around its central axis. To do.

  On the other hand, the solid-liquid separation device of this example has a container 52 into which sludge before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 of the device main body 100 flows, as shown in a cross section in FIG. The container 52 is divided into a concentration detection tank 54 and a mixing tank 55 by a partition wall 53, and the concentration detection tank 54 and the mixing tank 55 communicate with each other through an opening 56 below the partition wall 53. . Sludge accommodated in a service tank (not shown) is pumped to the concentration detection tank 54 by the processing object pump 57 and is subsequently fed to the mixing tank 55 through the opening 56. The sludge liquid level in the concentration detection tank 54 and the sludge liquid level in the mixing tank 55 are substantially the same.

  A liquid flocculant is fed into the mixing tank 55 by a flocculant pump 58 from a flocculant tank (not shown). The sludge and the flocculant thus fed into the mixing tank 55 are stirred by the stirring device 59. The stirring device 59 shown in FIG. 1 includes a stirring blade 60 located in the sludge in the mixing tank 55, a rotating shaft 61 on which the stirring blade 60 is fixed, and a motor 62 that rotationally drives the rotating shaft 61. The stirring blade 60 is rotationally driven by the motor 62. Thereby, the sludge in the mixing tank 55 and the flocculant are agitated and mixed, and the sludge is flocked. The flocked sludge is sent to the apparatus main body 100 through the conduit 63. The concentration detection tank 54 and the configuration related thereto will be described in detail later.

  Flocked sludge sent through the conduit 63 flows into the inlet member 1 of the apparatus main body 100 as shown by an arrow A in FIGS. The moisture content of such sludge is, for example, about 95 to 99% by weight. At this time, since the screw 21 is rotationally driven by the motor 12, the sludge flowing into the inlet member 1 passes through the opening 6 formed in the side wall 5 of the inlet member 1 as shown by an arrow B in FIG. Then, it flows into the internal space of the fixed plate 28 and the movable plate 29. Thus, the sludge flows into the internal space of the solid-liquid separator 3 from the inlet 3A on one end side in the axial direction. In addition, in FIG.2, FIG.4, FIG.5, FIG.7 thru | or FIG.10, FIG.13 and FIG.14, illustration of sludge is abbreviate | omitted.

  The sludge that has flowed into the solid-liquid separation unit 3 as described above is rotated in the axial direction of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 as shown by the broken arrow C in FIG. It is conveyed toward the outlet 3B on the end side. At this time, the moisture separated from the sludge, that is, the filtrate, is discharged out of the solid-liquid separation section through the filtrate discharge section formed by the minute gap g (FIG. 4) between each fixed plate 28 and the movable plate 29. The discharged filtrate is received by the filtrate receiving member 40 fixed to the stays 13 and 15, and then flows down through the filtrate discharge pipe 46. Since this filtrate still contains some solids, the filtrate is again water-treated with other sludge and then supplied again to the solid-liquid separator for dehydration.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer diameter D ₆ of the screw 21, as its no rotation is inhibited, is set slightly smaller becomes the size than the inner diameter D ₃ of the fixed plate 28 (D _3> D ₆ ) is set so that the outer diameter D ₆ of the screw 21 is larger than the inner diameter D ₅ of the movable plate 29. Is the inner diameter _{D 5} of the movable plate 29 is set smaller than the outer diameter _{D 6} of the screw _{21 (D 6> D 5)} . For this reason, each movable plate 29 receives an external force from the screw 21 and is pushed in the radial direction by the rotation of the screw 21, and actively moves with respect to the fixed plate 28. In this way, the solid matter that has entered the minute gap g can be positively discharged without providing a dedicated driving means for driving the movable plate 29, and the cleaning efficiency for the gap g can be enhanced.

  As described above, the moisture content of the sludge in the solid-liquid separator 3 is lowered, and the cake-like sludge having a reduced water content is the other end in the axial direction of the solid-liquid separator 3 as indicated by an arrow D in FIG. It is discharged from the side outlet 3B. The sludge discharged from the solid-liquid separation unit 3 falls downward through the discharge port 26 at the lower part of the outlet member 2.

  As described above, the solid-liquid separation device rotationally drives at least one screw disposed in the solid-liquid separation unit, and directs the processing object that has entered the solid-liquid separation unit toward the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit. While moving, the filtrate separated from the processing object is discharged out of the solid-liquid separation part through the filtrate discharge part of the solid-liquid separation part, and the processing object having a reduced liquid content is discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation part. It is comprised so that it may discharge outside a solid-liquid separation part.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, a regulating member 64 is disposed so as to face the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separator 3. The restricting member 64 illustrated here is formed in a disc shape, and the shaft 41 of the screw 21 extends through a hole in the center of the restricting member 64. The restricting member 64 can be configured from a plurality of pieces, and the restricting member can be formed in a form other than a disc.

  A slider 65 fitted to the shaft 41 of the screw 21 so as to be slidable in the axial direction is fixed to the restricting member 64 formed in a disc shape. As will be described later, the slider 65 does not rotate relative to the shaft 41. With this configuration, the regulating member 64 is supported by the shaft 41 via the slider 65 so as to be able to approach or separate from the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3. The regulating member 64 can also be directly supported on the shaft 41.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a spring receiver 66 is detachably fixed to the shaft 41 of the screw 21 by a screw 68, and a compression wound around the shaft 41 between the spring receiver 66 and the slider 65. A pressurizing spring 69 made of a coil spring is pressure-fitted, whereby the regulating member 64 is urged toward the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3. The pressure spring 69 constitutes an example of an urging unit that pressurizes the regulating member toward the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit. The restricting member 64 may be directly pressurized by the urging means.

  When the screw 21 rotates, the spring receiver 66, the slider 65, the regulating member 64, and the pressure spring 67 rotate together with the screw 21.

  As described above, the sludge having a reduced water content is discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3, but at this time, since the regulating member 64 is disposed facing the outlet 3B, the sludge is discharged from the outlet 3B. The discharged sludge hits the regulating member 64, thereby regulating the amount of sludge discharged per unit time from the outlet 3B. Since the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B pressurizes the regulating member 64, the regulating member 64 biased toward the outlet 3B by the pressure spring 69 is separated from the outlet 3B as shown in FIG. And the regulating member 64 is formed with a distance DS. Through this, the sludge is discharged out of the solid-liquid separator as shown by the arrow D in FIG. When the sludge is not present in the solid-liquid separation unit 3 and the solid-liquid separation device stops operating, the regulating member 64 is pressurized by the pressure spring 69 and pressed against the side wall 19 of the outlet member 2. And close the outlet 3B.

  The slider 65 shown in FIG. 7 is fitted to the shaft 41 so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the shaft 41 and to be rotatable relative to the shaft 41. However, since the slider 65 is pressurized by the pressure spring 69, the slider 65 does not rotate with respect to the shaft 41, and the slider 65 and the regulating member 64 rotate with the shaft 41. The slider 65 can be slid in the axial direction of the shaft 41, but can also be assembled to the shaft 41 so that relative rotation is impossible.

  As described above, since the amount of sludge discharged from the outlet 3B per unit time is regulated by the regulating member 64, the pressure in the solid-liquid separation unit 3 near the outlet 3B is increased, and the solid-liquid separation unit The dewatering efficiency of the sludge in 3 is improved. As described above, the regulating member is located opposite to the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, and regulates the amount of the processing object per unit time discharged from the outlet, thereby reducing the pressure in the solid-liquid separation unit. In order to increase the liquid removal efficiency of the processing object in the solid-liquid separation part.

  Here, when the area EA in the solid-liquid separation part near the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation part 3 shown in FIG. 2 is referred to as an outlet vicinity area, the regulating member 64 is connected to the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation part 3. On the other hand, since it is supported so as to be able to approach or separate from each other and is pressurized toward the outlet 3B by the pressure spring 69, the moisture content of the sludge in the vicinity of the outlet EA of the solid-liquid separator 3 is greatly reduced. If the sludge pressure in the area EA increases, the distance DS between the outlet 3B and the regulating member 64 increases, and the amount of sludge discharged from the outlet 3B increases. On the contrary, if the moisture content of the sludge in the exit vicinity area EA is increased and the sludge pressure is decreased, the interval DS is reduced, so that the amount of sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is decreased.

  The configuration of the apparatus main body 100 of the solid-liquid separation apparatus described above is substantially the same as the apparatus main body of the conventional solid-liquid separation apparatus.

  Here, as described above, the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 may have to be maintained at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range. For example, the moisture content of cake sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is maintained at approximately 78% by weight, or maintained at a value within the range of 70% by weight to 80% by weight, and the sludge is efficiently transferred to an incinerator by a pump. In addition to being able to transport, the incinerator can efficiently incinerate the sludge.

  However, since the moisture content of the sludge supplied to the solid-liquid separator varies, depending on the conventional solid-liquid separator, the moisture content of the sludge after dehydration discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separator is a substantially constant value. Or, it was difficult to keep the value within a substantially constant range.

  Therefore, in the solid-liquid separator of this example, the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is automatically maintained at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range based on the following idea. It is configured to be able to.

  As described above, the pressure of the sludge existing in the outlet vicinity area EA of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is determined by the moisture content of the sludge, and when the moisture content is low, it is higher than when the moisture content is high. The sludge pressure in the outlet vicinity area EA increases. In addition, when the pressure of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA increases, the distance DS between the outlet 3B and the regulating member 64 becomes larger than when the pressure is low.

  Here, in the present specification and claims, the rotational speed per unit time of the screw 21 is simply referred to as rotational speed. When the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased, the speed of the sludge conveyed through the solid-liquid separation unit is increased, and the sludge passes through the solid-liquid separation unit 3 in a short time. The amount of filtrate discharged through the filtrate discharger before reaching 3B is reduced. For this reason, the moisture content of the sludge discharged | emitted from the exit 3B rises, and the pressure of the sludge in the exit vicinity area | region EA falls. On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the screw 21 is decreased, the speed of the sludge conveyed through the solid-liquid separation unit 3 becomes slow, and the sludge passes through the solid-liquid separation unit 3 over a long time. The amount of filtrate that is discharged through the filtrate discharge portion before the sludge reaches the outlet 3B increases. For this reason, the moisture content of the sludge discharged | emitted from the exit 3B falls, and the pressure of the sludge in the exit vicinity area | region EA rises.

The following conclusions can be drawn from the facts described above.
(1) The distance DS between the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 and the regulating member 64, the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B, and the rotational speed of the screw 21 have a certain relationship, and the distance If the rotational speed of the screw 21 is controlled so that DS is kept at a constant value or a value within a certain range, no matter how the moisture content of the sludge flowing into the solid-liquid separation unit 3 varies, The moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 can be maintained at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range.
(2) Similarly, if the rotation speed of the screw 21 is controlled so that the pressure of the sludge existing in the outlet vicinity area EA of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is maintained at a constant value or a value within a certain range, Regardless of how the moisture content of the sludge flowing into the solid-liquid separator 3 varies, the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 is a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range. Can be kept in.
(3) Similarly, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is controlled so that the load received by the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator is kept at a constant value or a value within a certain range. By doing so, the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is a substantially constant value or a substantially constant range no matter how the moisture content of the sludge flowing into the solid-liquid separation unit 3 varies. Can be kept within the value.
(4) Further, if the rotational speed of the screw is controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is maintained at a constant value or a value within a certain range, Regardless of how the moisture content of the sludge flowing into the liquid separation unit 3 varies, the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is set to a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range. Can keep.

  Based on the knowledge described above, the solid-liquid separation device of this example is configured as follows.

  First, the solid-liquid separator shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 7 includes an interval detector 70 that detects an interval DS between the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separator 3 and the regulating member 64. The interval detection device 70 shown here is an annular sensor that is fixedly supported by a bracket 71 formed integrally with the side wall 20 of the outlet member 2 and a slider 65 that is fitted to the slider 65 via a bearing 73. And a reflection plate 75 fixed to the mounting member 74. The reflection plate 75 is made of an elongated plate material, and is not rotatable, and is held by the outlet member 2 via a connecting member (not shown) so as to be movable in the axial direction of the shaft 41.

  The interval detection device 70 detects the distance S 1 from the interval detection sensor 70 to the reflection plate 75 by reflecting the ultrasonic wave emitted from the ultrasonic sensor 72 by the reflection plate 75. Since the distance S2 from the ultrasonic sensor 72 to the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is known in advance, and the total thickness S3 of the reflector 75, the mounting member 74, and the regulating member 64 is also known, the ultrasonic sensor By detecting the distance S1 from 72 to the reflecting plate 75, the controller 76 (FIG. 1) described later can know the distance DS between the regulating member 64 and the outlet 3B (DS = S2-S1-S3). ). In this way, the interval DS between the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 and the regulating member 64 can be detected by the interval detector 70.

  The interval detection signal generated by the ultrasonic sensor 72 described above is taken into the controller 76 shown in FIG. 1, and the first inverter 77A determines the interval DS in advance by a command from the controller 76. The motor 12 for the screw 21 is controlled to regulate the number of rotations of the screw 21 so as to be a constant value or a value within a certain range.

  Specifically, when sludge having a high water content is fed into the solid-liquid separation unit 3, the water content of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA increases, so that the pressure of the sludge decreases and is applied by the pressure spring 69. The pressed regulating member 64 approaches the outlet 3B, and the interval DS detected by the interval detecting device 70 becomes small. Accordingly, in this case, the first inverter 77A reduces the rotational speed of the motor 12 per unit time and decreases the rotational speed of the screw 21. Thereby, the pressure of the sludge in exit vicinity area | region EA increases, and the control member 64 spaces apart from the exit 3B. Conversely, when sludge having a low water content is fed into the solid-liquid separator 3 and the water content of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA decreases, the pressure of the sludge increases and the regulating member 64 moves away from the outlet 3B. Since the interval DS detected by the interval detecting device 70 is increased, the first inverter 77A increases the rotational speed per unit time of the motor 12 and increases the rotational speed of the screw 21 at this time. Thereby, the pressure of the sludge in exit vicinity area | region EA falls, and the control member 64 approaches the exit 3B.

  More specifically, when it is necessary to maintain the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B at, for example, approximately 78% by weight, the interval DS detected by the interval detector 70 is maintained at, for example, 5 mm. The number of rotations of the screw 21 is controlled. That is, when the value of the interval DS detected by the interval detection device 70 is larger than 5 mm, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased, and when the interval DS is smaller than 5 mm, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased. Therefore, the motor 12 is controlled so as to reduce the above.

  Alternatively, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is to be kept at a value within a range of, for example, approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%, the interval DS detected by the interval detector 70 is, for example, 3 mm to 8 mm. The number of rotations of the screw 21 is controlled so as to be a value within the range. That is, when the value of the interval DS detected by the interval detection device 70 is smaller than 3 mm, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is lowered, and the value of the interval DS detected by the interval detection device 70 is larger than 8 mm. Sometimes the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased.

  When the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be kept at a value other than 78% by weight, or a value in the range of 70% to 80% by weight, the size of the interval DS corresponding to that value is maintained. Thus, the rotation speed of the screw 21 is regulated.

  In the following description, the rotational speed per unit time of the motor 12 is also simply referred to as the rotational speed of the motor 12.

  As described above, when the sludge of any concentration flows into the solid-liquid separator 3, the distance DS between the outlet 3B and the regulating member 64 does not vary greatly, and the distance DS is always substantially constant. Value, or a value within an approximately constant range. Thereby, the moisture content of the sludge discharged | emitted from the exit 3B can always be kept at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range.

  The controller 76 and the first inverter 77A described above, based on the detection result by the interval detector 70, have a predetermined value or a predetermined interval DS between the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 and the regulating member 64. An example of screw control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw 21 is configured so as to be maintained at a value within a certain range.

  On the other hand, the apparatus main body 100 of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 8 has a cylindrical body 78 in which the outlet vicinity area EA in the solid-liquid separator 3 is fixed to the outlet member 2 instead of the movable plate and the fixed plate. The pressure detector 80 detects the pressure of the processing object (sludge in this example) existing in the vicinity of the outlet EA in the solid-liquid separation unit 3 at the tip of the branch pipe 79 branched from the cylindrical body 78. Is provided. As this pressure detection device 80, for example, a diaphragm type pressure gauge can be adopted. The solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 8 is provided with a bracket 71, an ultrasonic sensor 72, a bearing 73, a mounting member 74, and a reflection plate 75 that constitute the interval detection device 70 shown in FIGS. It is not done.

  The pressure detection signal generated by the pressure detection device 80 described above is taken into the controller 76 shown in FIG. 1 as in the previous specific example, and the first inverter 77A is controlled by the command from the controller 76. The motor 12 for the screw 21 is controlled so that the sludge pressure in the area EA near the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 becomes a predetermined value or a value within a certain range. Regulate the rotation speed.

  Specifically, when sludge having a high water content is fed into the solid-liquid separator 3, the water content of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA increases, and the pressure of the sludge detected by the pressure detector 80 decreases. At this time, the first inverter 77A reduces the rotational speed of the motor 12 and decreases the rotational speed of the screw 21. Thereby, the pressure of the sludge in exit vicinity area | region EA is raised. Conversely, when sludge having a low water content is fed into the solid-liquid separator 3 and the water content of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA decreases, the pressure of the sludge detected by the pressure detector 80 increases. The first inverter 77A increases the rotation speed of the motor 12, increases the rotation speed of the screw 21, and decreases the sludge pressure in the vicinity of the outlet EA.

  More specifically, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be maintained at, for example, approximately 78% by weight, the sludge pressure detected by the pressure detector 80 is the target moisture content of the sludge. When the value is lower than the value corresponding to 78% by weight, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is decreased, and conversely, the sludge pressure detected by the pressure detector 80 is the target moisture content of the sludge. When it becomes higher than the value corresponding to 78% by weight, the rotation speed of the screw 21 is increased. In this way, the rotation speed of the screw 21 is controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is approximately 78% by weight.

  Similarly, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be kept at a value in the range of, for example, approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%, the sludge pressure detected by the pressure detector 80 is the sludge. When the water content is higher than the value corresponding to the lower limit of 70% by weight, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased, and the sludge pressure detected by the pressure detector 80 is the water content of the sludge. When the value is lower than the value corresponding to 80% by weight, which is the upper limit value, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is decreased. In this way, the rotational speed of the screw can be controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is maintained at approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%.

  As described above, when any concentration of sludge flows into the solid-liquid separator 3, the sludge pressure in the outlet vicinity area EA does not change greatly, and the pressure is always substantially constant or substantially constant. The value is kept within the range of. Thereby, the moisture content of the sludge discharged | emitted from the exit 3B can always be kept at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range.

  The controller 76 and the first inverter 77A described above are based on the detection result of the pressure detection device 80, and the processing object in the outlet vicinity area EA, that is, the sludge pressure is within a predetermined value or a predetermined range. One example of a screw control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw 21 so as to be maintained at this value is configured.

  The other structure of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 8 is the same as that of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIGS.

  In the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 9, a load detection device 81 known per se is arranged between the slider 65 to which the regulating member 64 is fixed and the pressure spring 69. The screw 21 is fitted to the shaft 41 so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to the shaft 41 of the screw 21. In addition, a bearing 103 is disposed between the load detection device 81 and the pressure spring 69, and a bearing 104 is also disposed between the load detection device 81 and the slider 65. Thereby, the load detection device 81 is supported by the shaft 41 in a state where it does not rotate together with the shaft 41 of the screw 21. The load detection device 81 serves to detect a load that the regulating member 64 receives by the processing object (sludge in this example) discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3. The solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 9 is provided with a bracket 71, an ultrasonic sensor 72, a bearing 73, a mounting member 74, and a reflection plate 75 that constitute the interval detection device 70 shown in FIGS. It is not done.

  The load detection signal generated by the above-described load detection device 81 is taken into the controller 76 shown in FIG. 1 in the same manner as each of the specific examples described above, and the first inverter is received by a command from the controller 76. 77A controls the motor 12 for the screw 21 so that the load received by the regulating member 64 by the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B becomes a predetermined constant value or a value within a certain range. The number of rotations is regulated.

  Specifically, when sludge having a high water content is fed into the solid-liquid separation unit 3, the water content of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA increases, so that the pressure of the sludge decreases and the regulating member 64 is removed from the sludge. The received load is reduced, and the load detected by the load detection device 81 is reduced. At this time, the first inverter 77A reduces the rotational speed of the motor 12 and decreases the rotational speed of the screw 21. Thereby, the pressure of the sludge in exit vicinity area | region EA increases, and the load which sludge applies to the control member 64 becomes large. Conversely, when sludge having a low water content is fed into the solid-liquid separator 3 and the water content of the sludge in the outlet vicinity area EA decreases, the sludge pressure rises, and the regulating member 64 applies a large load from the sludge. The load detected by the load detection device 81 is increased. At this time, the first inverter 77A increases the rotational speed of the motor 12 and increases the rotational speed of the screw 21. Thereby, the pressure of the sludge in exit vicinity area | region EA falls, and the load which the regulating member 64 receives from sludge becomes small.

  More specifically, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be maintained at, for example, approximately 78% by weight, the load detected by the load detection device 81 is the target moisture content of the sludge. When the value is lower than the value corresponding to 78% by weight, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is decreased, and conversely, the load detected by the load detection device 81 corresponds to 78% by weight which is the target moisture content of the sludge. When it becomes higher than the value to be performed, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased. In this way, the rotation speed of the screw 21 is controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is approximately 78% by weight.

  Similarly, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be maintained at a value within a range of, for example, approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%, the load detected by the load detector 81 is the moisture content of the sludge. When it becomes larger than the value corresponding to 70% by weight which is the lower limit value of the rate, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is increased, and the load detected by the load detecting device 81 is the upper limit value of the moisture content of the sludge. When it becomes smaller than a value corresponding to a certain 80% by weight, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is decreased. In this way, the rotational speed of the screw can be controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is maintained at approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%.

  As described above, when any concentration of sludge flows into the solid-liquid separator 3, the load that the regulating member 64 receives from the sludge does not vary greatly, and the load is always a substantially constant value or a substantially constant value. It is kept at a value within the range. Thereby, the moisture content of the sludge discharged | emitted from the exit 3B can always be kept at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range.

  Based on the detection result by the load detection device 81, the controller 76 and the first inverter 77A described above maintain the load received by the regulating member 64 from the sludge at a predetermined value or a value within a predetermined range. Thus, an example of the screw control means which controls the rotation speed of the screw 21 is comprised.

  The other configuration of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 9 is the same as that of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIGS.

  In the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 10, the base end portion of the support bracket 101 is fixed to the side wall 19 of the outlet member 2, and the upper end side of the support bracket 101 is discharged from the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separation portion 3. A water content meter 102, which is an example of a liquid content detection device that detects the liquid content of the treated object (sludge in this example), is fixedly supported. In FIG. 10, the sludge CA discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separator 3 is simplified by a two-dot chain line. As is known per se, the moisture content meter 102 is configured to measure the moisture content of the sludge CA by applying near infrared light to the sludge CA discharged from the outlet 3B. The solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 10 is provided with a bracket 71, an ultrasonic sensor 72, a bearing 73, a mounting member 74, and a reflection plate 75 that constitute the interval detection device shown in FIGS. Not.

  The moisture content detection signal generated by the moisture content meter 102 described above is taken into the controller 76 shown in FIG. The inverter 77A controls the motor 12 of the screw 21 so that the moisture content of the sludge CA discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a certain range. Then, the rotation speed of the screw 21 is regulated.

  Specifically, when the sludge having a high water content is fed into the solid-liquid separation unit 3, the water content of the cake-like sludge CA discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is increased. The moisture content of the sludge detected by this increases. Accordingly, at this time, the first inverter 77A reduces the rotational speed of the motor 12 and decreases the rotational speed of the screw 21. Thereby, the moisture content of the sludge CA discharged | emitted from the exit 3B reduces. Conversely, when sludge having a low water content is sent to the solid-liquid separator 3, the water content of the sludge CA discharged from the outlet 3B is lowered, and the water content detected by the water content meter 102 is lowered. At this time, the first inverter 77 </ b> A increases the rotational speed of the motor 12 and increases the rotational speed of the screw 21. Thereby, the moisture content of the sludge CA discharged | emitted from the exit 3B increases.

  More specifically, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be kept at, for example, approximately 78% by weight, the moisture content of the sludge CA detected by the moisture content meter 102 is the target of the sludge. When the moisture content is higher than 78% by weight, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is decreased. Conversely, the moisture content of the sludge CA detected by the moisture content meter 102 is the target moisture content of the sludge CA. When it becomes lower than 78% by weight, the rotational speed of the screw 21 is increased. In this way, the rotation speed of the screw 21 is controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is approximately 78% by weight.

  Similarly, when the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B should be kept at a value in the range of, for example, approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%, the moisture content of the sludge CA detected by the moisture content meter 102 is When the moisture content of the sludge is higher than 80% by weight, which is the upper limit value, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is decreased, and the moisture content of the sludge CA detected by the moisture meter 102 is the moisture content of the sludge. When the lower limit of 70% by weight is reached, the number of rotations of the screw 21 is increased. In this way, the rotational speed of the screw can be controlled so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B is maintained at approximately 70 wt% to 80 wt%.

  As described above, when sludge having any concentration flows into the solid-liquid separation unit 3, the moisture content of the sludge CA discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 does not vary greatly. The moisture content of the sludge CA discharged from the outlet 3B can be maintained at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range.

  The controller 76 and the first inverter 77 </ b> A described above include liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 based on the detection result by the water content meter 102 which is an example of the liquid content detection device. An example of control means for controlling the number of revolutions of the screw 21 is configured so that the rate is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a certain range.

  The other configuration of the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 10 is the same as that of the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIGS.

  In any of the solid-liquid separators described in connection with FIGS. 7 to 10, the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 is a predetermined value or Screw control means for controlling the rotational speed of the screw 21 to have a value within a certain range is provided, so that the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet 3B is automatically substantially reduced. The desired constant value or a value within a substantially constant range can be maintained.

  By the way, in any of the specific examples described above, the screw 21 so that the moisture content of the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3 is always kept at a substantially constant value or a value within a substantially constant range. The number of rotations is controlled. Therefore, it is necessary to change the amount of sludge supplied to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 in accordance with the change in the rotational speed of the screw 21. When the number of rotations of the screw 21 increases, the amount of sludge sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is increased. Conversely, when the number of rotations of the screw decreases, the amount of sludge sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 is reduced. It is.

  Therefore, in the solid-liquid separation device of this example, as described above, the container 52 into which the processing object before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 flows, and the processing object to which the processing object is pumped into the container 52. A pump 57 is provided, and in the example shown in FIG. 1, the processing object pump 57 is configured to feed sludge into the concentration detection tank 54 of the container 52. Further, the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a level detection device 82 for detecting the liquid level of the processing object in the container 52, and the level detection device 82 of this example is a mixing tank 55. It is composed of an ultrasonic sensor known per se to detect the liquid level by applying ultrasonic waves to the liquid level of the sludge inside. A level detection device can also be arranged to detect the liquid level of the sludge in the concentration detection tank 54.

  The liquid level of the sludge in the mixing tank 55 of the container 52 changes as the rotational speed of the screw 21 changes. The liquid level is detected by the level detector 82, and the level detection signal is taken into the controller 76 shown in FIG. At that time, in the controller 76, the flow rate of the sludge supplied to the concentration detection tank 54 of the container 52 so that the liquid level of the sludge in the container 52 is always substantially constant even if the rotation speed of the screw 21 is changed. Is calculated. In addition, according to a command from the controller 76 based on the calculated value, the second inverter 77B causes the processing object pump 57 to supply the sludge having the flow rate calculated as described above to the concentration detection tank 54 of the container 52. A motor (not shown) for driving is controlled.

  Specifically, when it is detected that the liquid level of the sludge in the container 52 is lower than the reference value, the processing object pump 57 is configured so that a larger amount of sludge can be sent to the container 52. When the motor of the pump 57 is controlled and the liquid level of the sludge in the container 52 rises above the reference value, the motor of the processing object pump 57 is controlled so that the flow rate of the sludge fed into the container 52 decreases. To do. As a result, the liquid level in the container 52 is kept almost constant at any rotation speed of the screw 21, and the sludge having a flow rate corresponding to the rotation speed of the screw 21 is sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3. It is possible to prevent a problem that the amount of sludge in the separation unit 3 is excessive or insufficient.

  The controller 76 and the second inverter 77B described above control the processing object pump 57 so that the liquid level of the processing object in the container 52 becomes constant based on the detection result by the level detection device 82. An example of the control means for the object pump is constituted.

  By the way, in the solid-liquid separation device of this example, in the mixing tank 55, the sludge and the flocculant are agitated and the sludge is flocked. It is necessary to add a small proportion of flocculant. If the addition rate of the flocculant with respect to the solid content of the sludge is too low, it becomes difficult to flocate the sludge. Conversely, if the addition rate is too high, a minute amount between the fixed plate 28 and the movable plate 29 shown in FIG. The filtrate becomes difficult to be discharged from the gap g, and the dehydration efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, the solid-liquid separation device of this example is provided with a concentration detection device 83 that detects the solid content concentration of the processing object in the concentration detection tank 54, as shown in FIG. The concentration detection device 83 shown as an example in FIG. 1 rotationally drives the blade 25 located in the sludge in the concentration detection tank 54, and at this time, from the magnitude of the resistance acting on the blade 25, the concentration detection device 83 in the concentration detection tank 54 It consists of a pulp densitometer that detects the concentration of sludge. The concentration detection signal generated by the concentration detection device 83 is input to the controller 76 shown in FIG. 1, and the controller 76 detects the concentration detection signal and the concentration detection tank 54 calculated as described above. The appropriate flow rate of the flocculant to be supplied to the mixing tank 55 is calculated from the value of the appropriate flow rate of the sludge supplied to. In response to a command from the controller 76 based on the calculated value, the third inverter 77C causes a unit time of a motor (not shown) that drives the coagulant pump 58 so that an appropriate flow rate of the coagulant is supplied to the mixing tank 55. Control the number of revolutions per unit. Thus, even if the flow rate of the sludge fed into the mixing tank 55 changes or the solid content concentration of the sludge changes, the flocculant having an appropriate flow rate corresponding to the sludge flow rate and the solid content concentration is mixed. It can be fed into the tank 55. As a result, the sludge can be efficiently flocked, and a problem that the filtrate is difficult to be discharged from the minute gap g can be prevented.

  The controller 76 and the third inverter 77C have an appropriate addition rate of the flocculant to the processing object based on the detection result by the concentration detection device 83 and the value of the appropriate flow rate of the processing object sent to the mixing tank 55. An example of the control means for the flocculant pump that controls the flocculant pump 58 is configured so as to be within a range. The appropriate flow rate of the processing object fed into the mixing tank 55 is a value obtained based on the detection result by the level detection device 82 as described above.

  In the solid-liquid separation apparatus described above, the container 52 communicates with the concentration detection tank 54 into which the object to be processed before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 flows, and the concentration detection tank 54. A mixing tank 55 into which a processing object and a flocculant from the tank 54 are fed, and a solid-liquid separator that stirs the processing object and the flocculant fed into the mixing tank 55. And a flocculant pump 58 that pumps the flocculant into the mixing tank 55.

  In contrast, in the solid-liquid separation apparatus shown in FIG. 11, the container 52 does not have the concentration detection tank 54 shown in FIG. 1, and the container 52 has only the mixing tank 55. Sludge is fed into the mixing tank 55 by the processing object pump 57, and the flocculant is fed by the flocculant pump 58. The sludge and the flocculant are stirred by the stirring device 59, and the sludge is flocked. As described above, the container 52 shown in FIG. 11 includes the mixing tank 55 into which the object to be processed and the flocculant are fed, and the solid-liquid separation device aggregates with the object to be processed fed into the mixing tank 55. A stirrer 59 that stirs the agent and a flocculant pump 58 that pumps the flocculant into the mixing tank 55 are provided. The stirring device 59 shown in FIG. 11 is not different from the stirring device shown in FIG.

  Further, the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 11 is not provided with the concentration detector 83 comprising the pulp densitometer shown in FIG. 1, and instead, the transfer through which the sludge sent to the mixing tank 55 circulates. A concentration detector 183 that detects the solid content concentration of the sludge is provided at the tip of the branch tube 98 branched from the tube 97. The concentration detection device 183 includes, for example, an ultrasonic concentration meter, a radiation method, a light beam type online concentration meter, and the concentration detection device 183 detects the solid content concentration of the processing object sent to the mixing tank 55. The

  Also in the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 11, the processing object pump 57 is controlled so that the liquid level of the sludge in the mixing tank 55 is constant based on the detection result by the level detector 82. . Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the solid-liquid separator shown in FIGS. That is, also in this case, the density detection signal generated by the density detection device 183 is input to the controller 76 shown in FIG. 11, and the controller 76 calculates the density detection signal as described above. The appropriate flow rate of the flocculant to be supplied to the mixing tank 55 is calculated from the value of the appropriate flow rate of sludge supplied to the mixing tank 55, and the third inverter is instructed by a command from the controller 76 based on the calculated value. 77C controls the number of revolutions per unit time of a motor (not shown) that drives the coagulant pump 58 so that an appropriate flow rate of the coagulant is supplied to the mixing tank 55. In this way, even if the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 11 changes the sludge flow rate sent to the mixing tank 55 or the solid content concentration of the sludge changes, the sludge flow rate and the solid content A flocculant having an appropriate flow rate corresponding to the concentration can be fed into the mixing tank 55. As a result, the sludge can be efficiently flocked, and a problem that the filtrate is difficult to be discharged from the minute gap g can be prevented.

  Further, the controller 76 and the third inverter 77C shown in FIG. 11 are provided on the basis of the detection result obtained by the concentration detection device 183 and the detection result obtained by the level detection device 82. An example of the control means for the flocculant pump that controls the flocculant pump 58 is configured so that the addition rate of the flocculant with respect to the object to be processed falls within an appropriate range based on the value of the appropriate flow rate.

  Each configuration shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 can also be adopted in the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG.

  By the way, depending on the processing object, the processing object may be sent to the solid-liquid separation unit 3 for liquid removal treatment without adding a flocculant thereto. In the case of a solid-liquid separation device used exclusively for liquid removal treatment of such an object to be treated, it is necessary to provide the mixing tank 55, the stirring device 59, the flocculant pump 58, and the concentration detection devices 83 and 183 described above. There is no. In this case, for example, as shown in a cross section in FIG. 12A, a container 52 consisting of a single tank is used, and the level detection device 82 detects the liquid level of the processing object in the container. As described above, an appropriate amount of the processing object can be sent to the solid-liquid separation unit.

  Moreover, although the mixing tank 55 and the concentration detection tank 54 of the container 52 shown in FIG. 1 are arranged adjacent to each other, as shown in the cross section of FIG. The tank 54 can be separated greatly, both tanks 54 and 55 can be connected by the communication pipe 84, and the mixing tank 55, the communication pipe 84, and the density | concentration detection tank 54 can also comprise the container 52. FIG.

  Further, the urging means shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 is constituted by the pressure spring 69, but various types of urging means as described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3917646 can also be adopted.

  Further, in the solid-liquid separation device shown in FIG. 13, an urging means constituted by a fluid pressure cylinder 85 is used instead of the pressurizing spring 69 shown in FIGS. The fluid pressure cylinder 85 includes a cylinder body 86 having a hollow interior, a piston 87 disposed in the cylinder body 86 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a piston rod having one end fixed integrally with the piston 87. 88. The shaft 41 of the screw 21 extends through the cylinder body 86, the piston rod 88, and the piston 87 so as to be rotatable with respect to the cylinder body 86, the piston rod 88, and the piston 87. The shaft 41 is fitted to the cylinder body 86 via a bearing 89 so as to be relatively rotatable. The cylinder body 86 abuts a stopper 96 fixed to the shaft 41 via a thrust bearing 199, and the cylinder The main body 86 is prohibited from moving in a direction away from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 from the position shown in FIG. Thereby, the cylinder main body 86 does not rotate. The shaft 41 is fitted to the piston rod 88 via a bearing 189, and the other end of the piston rod 88 abuts against a slider 65 fixed to the regulating member 64 via a thrust bearing 99. Thus, the piston rod 88 and the piston 87 do not rotate. Further, a supply port 92 to which a working fluid (oil in this example) is supplied is formed in the cylinder body 86, and a conduit 93 is connected thereto.

  13 is also slidable in the axial direction with respect to the shaft 41. When the screw 21 rotates, the slider 65 and the regulating member 64 rotate together with the screw 21.

  By the operation of the pump 94 shown in FIG. 13, pressurized oil is supplied into the cylinder body 86 through the conduit 93, whereby the piston 87 and the piston rod 88 are pressurized as shown by an arrow E. Thereby, the regulation member 64 pressurized by the sludge discharged | emitted from the exit 3B of the solid-liquid separation part 3 is urged | biased toward the exit 3B. The piston 87 is pressurized by the working fluid (oil in this example) supplied into the cylinder body 86, and thereby the regulating member 64 is urged toward the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3. When the pressure in the cylinder body to which pressurized oil is supplied rises abnormally, the safety valve 95 is activated and the oil in the conduit 93 is discharged through the safety valve 95. Thereby, the safety of the apparatus main body 100 is ensured at any time.

  If the solid-liquid separator is stopped for a long time with the sludge inside the solid-liquid separator 3, the sludge is solidified, and then the solid sludge is solidified when the solid-liquid separator is operated next time. May not come out of the solid-liquid separation unit 3. Therefore, when the solid-liquid separation device is stopped for a long time, oil is supplied into the cylinder body 86 from the other supply port 192 shown in FIG. The piston 87 is slid in a direction away from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3. Thereby, since the regulating member 64 can be separated from the outlet 3B and the interval DS between the outlet 3B and the regulating member 64 can be increased, the sludge in the solid-liquid separation unit 3 can be scraped out from here. In this way, it is possible to eliminate the possibility that sludge will not be discharged from the solid-liquid separator 3 even when the solid-liquid separator is operated after the solid-liquid separator has been stopped for a long time.

  Also in the solid-liquid separator shown in FIG. 14, the biasing means is constituted by a fluid pressure cylinder 85. The fluid pressure cylinder 85 shown here also has a cylinder body 86 having a hollow inside, a piston 87 disposed in the cylinder body 86 so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a piston rod 88. The piston rod 88 extends through the piston 87 and is fixedly connected to the piston 87 integrally. Furthermore, each longitudinal end of the piston rod 88 protrudes outside the cylinder body 86, and the shaft 41 of the screw 21 is rotatably fitted to the piston rod 88 via bearings 189 and 289. The fact that the end of the piston rod 88 on the outlet 3B side is in contact with the slider 65 via the thrust bearing 99 is the same as the fluid pressure cylinder 85 shown in FIG. In this way, the piston rod 88 and the piston 87 shown in FIG. 14 are also slidable in the axial direction with respect to the shaft 41, but fitted to the shaft 41 so as not to rotate. Yes. The shaft 41 of the screw 21 is rotatable with respect to the cylinder body 86, the piston rod 88, and the piston 87, and extends through the cylinder body 86, the piston rod 88, and the piston 87. Reference numerals 105 and 106 in FIG. 14 denote seal members that seal between the cylinder body 86 and the piston rod 88.

  Further, the cylinder body 86 of the fluid pressure cylinder 85 shown in FIG. 14 is fixed to the outlet member 2 through the mounting member 107 and the bearing member 18. As a result, the cylinder body 86 does not rotate and does not move in the axial direction of the shaft 41.

  The other configuration of the fluid pressure cylinder 85 shown in FIG. 14 is the same as that of the fluid pressure cylinder shown in FIG. That is, the oil pressurized through the conduit 93 is supplied to the cylinder body 86 as indicated by the arrow E, whereby the piston 87 is pressurized and pressurized by the sludge discharged from the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separator 3. The regulating member 64 is urged toward the outlet 3B. The piston 87 is pressurized by the working fluid supplied into the cylinder body 86, whereby the regulating member 64 is urged toward the outlet 3 </ b> B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3.

  When the solid-liquid separator is stopped for a long time, oil is supplied into the cylinder body 86 from the other supply port 192, and the interval DS between the outlet 3B and the regulating member 64 is increased, and from here the solid-liquid separator 3 The fact that the internal sludge can be discharged to the outside is no different from the fluid pressure cylinder shown in FIG.

  As described above, the solid-liquid separation apparatus in which the urging means that pressurizes the regulating member 64 toward the outlet 3B of the solid-liquid separation unit 3 includes the fluid pressure cylinder is also illustrated in FIGS. Configuration is adopted.

  As described above, the solid-liquid separation apparatus including the solid-liquid separation unit 3 having the many fixed plates 28 and the many movable plates 29 and operating the movable plate 29 by the rotation of the screw 21 has been described. The present invention can be widely applied to a solid-liquid separation apparatus provided with another appropriate type of solid-liquid separation unit. For example, a solid-liquid separation device in which the movable plate is driven not by a screw but by an independent driving device, a solid-liquid separation device provided with a plurality of movable plates between adjacent fixed plates, and a large number of movable plates However, the present invention can also be applied to a solid-liquid separation device that does not have a fixed plate, a solid-liquid separation device in which a large number of filtrate discharge holes are formed as filtrate discharge portions on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body, and the like.

It is a partial section explanatory view showing the whole composition of a solid-liquid separation device. It is a partial cross section front view of an apparatus main body. It is a disassembled perspective view of the apparatus main body which shows an adjacent fixed plate and the movable plate etc. which were arrange | positioned between the both fixed plates. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid separation part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | positioning state of a fixed plate, a movable plate, a spacer, and a stay bolt. It is a perspective view which shows the structure regarding the connection of the shaft of an output shaft and a screw. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a regulating member, a pressure spring, and a configuration related thereto shown in FIG. 2. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows a part of solid-liquid separator which has a pressure detection apparatus. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows a part of solid-liquid separator which has a load detection apparatus. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows a part of solid-liquid separator which has a moisture content meter. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing other examples of a solid-liquid separation device. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a container. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of solid-liquid separator provided with the urging means which comprises a fluid pressure cylinder. It is sectional drawing which shows a part of solid-liquid separator provided with the biasing means which comprises the fluid pressure cylinder of another form.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Solid-liquid separation part 3A Outlet 12 Motor 21 Screw 41 Shaft 52 Container 54 Concentration detection tank 55 Mixing tank 57 Process target pump 58 Coagulant pump 59 Stirring device 64 Control member 70 Spacing detection device 80 Pressure detection device 81 Load detection device 83 , 183 Concentration detector 85 Fluid pressure cylinder 86 Cylinder body 87 Piston 88 Piston rod EA Outlet vicinity area

Claims (10)

At least one screw arranged in the solid-liquid separation unit is driven to rotate, and the processing object entering the solid-liquid separation part is moved toward the outlet of the solid-liquid separation part, and is separated from the processing object. The solid-liquid separation device discharges the filtrate to the outside of the solid-liquid separation section through the filtrate discharge section of the solid-liquid separation section, and discharges the processing object having a reduced liquid content from the outlet to the outside of the solid-liquid separation section. And a regulating member that is disposed to face the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit and is supported so as to be able to approach or separate from the outlet, and the regulation member is directed to the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit In the solid-liquid separation device having an urging means for pressurizing,
Screw control means for controlling the number of rotations of the screw so that the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit becomes a predetermined value or a value within a certain range; A solid-liquid separator characterized by being provided. An interval detection device that detects an interval between the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit and the regulating member; and the screw control unit is configured to set the interval at a predetermined value based on a detection result of the interval detection device. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the screw is controlled so as to be maintained at a value within a certain range or a value within a certain range. A pressure detection device that detects a pressure of a processing object existing in a region near the outlet in the solid-liquid separation unit; and the screw control unit determines the pressure in advance based on a detection result of the pressure detection device. The solid-liquid separator according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the screw is controlled so as to be maintained at a constant value or a value within a certain range. The regulating member has a load detection device that detects a load received by the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, and the screw control unit is configured to detect the load based on a detection result of the load detection device. 2. The solid-liquid separator according to claim 1, wherein the number of revolutions of the screw is controlled so that the value is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a certain range. It has a liquid content detection device that detects the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit, the screw control means based on the detection result by the liquid content detection device, The number of rotations of the screw is controlled so that the liquid content of the processing object discharged from the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit is maintained at a predetermined value or a value within a certain range. The solid-liquid separator described in 1. A container into which a processing object before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit flows, a processing object pump that pumps the processing object into the container, and a level detection that detects a liquid level of the processing object in the container 6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a control unit for the processing object pump that controls the processing object pump so that the liquid level is constant based on a detection result of the level detection device. The solid-liquid separator according to any one of the above. The container communicates with the concentration detection tank into which the processing object before being sent to the solid-liquid separation unit flows, and the processing object and the flocculant from the concentration detection tank are fed into the container. A mixing tank, a stirring device for stirring the processing object and the flocculant fed into the mixing tank, a flocculant pump for pumping the flocculant to the mixing tank, and a concentration detection tank. A concentration detection device for detecting the solid content concentration of the processing object, a detection result by the concentration detection device, and an appropriate flow rate of the processing object to be sent to the mixing tank obtained based on the detection result by the level detection device And a control unit for the flocculant pump that controls the flocculant pump so that the addition ratio of the flocculant to the processing object falls within an appropriate range based on the value of Solid-liquid separator. The container includes a mixing tank into which the object to be treated and the flocculant are fed, a stirring device for stirring the object to be treated and the flocculant fed into the mixing tank, and the flocculant in the mixing tank. Obtained based on the coagulant pump for pumping, the concentration detection device for detecting the solid content concentration of the processing object sent to the mixing tank, the detection result by the concentration detection device, and the detection result by the level detection device The flocculant pump for controlling the flocculant pump so that the addition rate of the flocculant with respect to the processing object is within an appropriate range based on the value of the appropriate flow rate of the processing object fed into the mixing tank. The solid-liquid separator according to claim 6, further comprising a control unit. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, wherein the urging unit includes a fluid pressure cylinder that pressurizes the regulating member. The fluid pressure cylinder includes a cylinder body having a hollow interior, a piston disposed in the cylinder body so as to be slidable in an axial direction thereof, and a piston rod fixed to the piston. The cylinder body, the piston rod, and the piston are rotatable, and extend through the cylinder body, the piston rod, and the piston, and the piston is pressurized by the working fluid supplied into the cylinder body. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 9, wherein the regulating member is biased toward the outlet of the solid-liquid separation unit.

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