JP2009292255A - Vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a working machine adapted to efficiently cool an object to be cooled in the normal rotation state of a cooling fan, and surely clean a cooling unit in the reverse rotation state of the cooling fan. <P>SOLUTION: An opening part 71 connecting an engine 25 side and the cooling fan 28 side is disposed at a partition 30 for partitioning between the engine 25 and the cooling unit 27. A closing member 72 is provided which opens the opening part 71 in the reverse rotation state of the cooling fan 28 and closes the opening part 71 in the normal rotation state of the cooling fan 28. In the normal rotation state of the cooling fan 28, the closing member 72 closes the opening part 71 to separate the cooling unit 27 side and the engine 25 side by the partition 30, so that the object cooled is efficiently cooled through the cooling unit 27 by using a cooling air. In the reverse rotation state of the cooling fan 28, the closing member 72 opens the opening part 71, so that the cooling unit 27 is surely cleaned by blowing a sufficient air from the engine 25 side against the cooling unit 27. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle including a cooling fan that forcibly passes cooling air through a cooling unit.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, work machines that are vehicles such as wheel loaders, for example, have a cooling fan disposed facing a cooling unit that includes a radiator for cooling engine cooling water and an oil cooler for cooling working oil that is a working fluid. By driving this cooling fan, it is forced to pass through the cooling unit to cool the engine coolant and hydraulic oil.

In such a configuration, in order to improve the cooling efficiency, the cooling unit and the cooling fan are separated from the engine compartment by the partition wall, and outside air is sucked by the cooling fan and passed through the cooling unit (for example, a patent Reference 1).
JP 2004-142597 A (page 5-7, FIG. 2-5)

  The work machine described above may be used, for example, for processing wood chips (fine wood pieces). In such a case, there is a problem that when the cooling fan is driven, the chip is sucked into the outside air and the chip adheres to the cooling unit and the cooling efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, a configuration of a so-called variable pitch fan (reversible fan) is conceivable in which, for example, the cooling fan is periodically reversed during operation of the work machine to blow off the chips attached to the cooling unit to ensure cooling efficiency.

  However, when the cooling fan is reversed in this way, a partition with the engine compartment is located on the suction side of the cooling fan, so that it is not easy to obtain a sufficient air volume, and the cooling unit is reliably cleaned. There is a problem that it is not easy to do.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle that can efficiently cool an object to be cooled in a forward rotation state of a cooling fan and can reliably clean a cooling unit in a reverse rotation state of the cooling fan. It is the purpose.

  The invention according to claim 1 is located in a normal rotation state, located between the engine, a cooling unit that cools the object to be cooled, a partition that partitions between the engine and the cooling unit, and the partition and the cooling unit. The cooling fan forcibly passes the cooling air through the cooling unit and blows the air in the reverse direction to the cooling unit in the reverse rotation state, an opening provided in the partition wall for communicating the engine side and the cooling fan side, and cooling The vehicle includes a closing member that opens an opening when the fan is reversely rotated and closes the opening when the cooling fan is normally rotated.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle according to the first aspect, the closing member is disposed on the cooling fan side of the opening, and is opened by at least one of its own weight and cooling air pressure in the forward rotation state of the cooling fan. It is a lightweight member that closes the part.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle according to the first or second aspect, the closing member is formed such that the upper side is pivotally supported by the partition wall and the lower side is formed in a free end shape.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle according to the third aspect, a weight is attached to a lower portion of the closing member.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle according to the fourth aspect, the weight includes a hollow main body portion and a valve capable of injecting a fluid into the main body portion.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the cooling fan includes a substantially cylindrical fan main body and an inclined shape with respect to the axial direction of the fan main body. On the other hand, it is provided with a blade portion that protrudes radially and can switch the inclination angle of the fan body with respect to the axial direction between forward rotation and reverse rotation.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the partition wall that partitions the engine and the cooling unit is provided with the opening that communicates the engine side and the cooling fan side, and the opening is opened in the reverse state of the cooling fan, By providing a closing member that closes the opening in the normal rotation state of the cooling fan, in the normal rotation state of the cooling fan, the closing member closes the opening and separates the cooling unit side and the engine side by a partition wall to cool the cooling air. The cooling object can be cooled efficiently through the cooling unit, and when the cooling fan is in reverse rotation, the closing member opens the opening and blows sufficient air from the engine side to the cooling unit to ensure that the cooling unit is cleaned. it can.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the closing member is a lightweight member that closes the opening by at least one of its own weight and cooling air pressure in the forward rotation state of the cooling fan, so that the opening is formed by the closing member. A separate mechanism for closing is not required, and the configuration can be simplified.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the opening of the closing member is supported by at least one of its own weight and cooling air pressure by pivotally supporting the upper side of the closing member on the partition and forming the lower side in a free end shape. A configuration for closing can be easily formed.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by attaching the weight to the lower portion of the closing member, it is possible to suppress the opening and closing of the opening except when the closing member is necessary.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, the weight is constituted by the hollow main body portion and the valve capable of injecting the fluid into the main body portion, so that a necessary amount of the fluid can be provided in the main body portion via the valve. The weight of the weight can be easily adjusted to the optimum state simply by injecting.

  According to invention of Claim 6, the inclination angle with respect to the axial direction of the fan main body of the blade | wing part which is formed in inclination with respect to the axial direction of the substantially cylindrical fan main body of a cooling fan, and protrudes radially with respect to a fan main body. Can be switched between forward rotation and reverse rotation, it is possible to secure a sufficient air volume at the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the cooling fan.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the work machine 11 as a vehicle is a so-called chip specification machine that processes, for example, a wood chip (thin wood piece) and the like, and an articulate with respect to the rear vehicle 13 having the rear wheels 12. A front vehicle 16 having a front wheel 15 is connected via a shaft 14 so that it can be bent, and a lift as a working device that is rotated by a lift cylinder 17 as a fluid pressure (hydraulic) actuator. A base end of the arm 18 is pivotally supported, and a bucket 20 that is rotated by a tilt cylinder (not shown) as a fluid pressure (hydraulic) actuator is axially connected to the tip of the lift arm 18. A cab 21 that covers the operator is mounted on the rear vehicle 13, and a storage chamber 22 is formed behind the cab 21.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the storage chamber 22 includes an engine chamber 26 that stores an engine 25 and a power unit including a hydraulic pump that is driven by the engine 25, a cooling unit 27, and the like. A cooling chamber 29 that houses the cooling fan 28 and the like is partitioned through a partition wall 30. The cooling chamber 29 communicates with the outside through a vent hole (not shown) formed in an openable / closable cover 31 that covers the storage chamber 22.

  6 and 7, the cooling unit 27 includes a first heat exchanger core 35 formed in a flat shape and a second heat exchanger core 36 formed in a flat shape. The third heat exchanger core 37 is formed in a flat shape at a position closer to the upper side on the front side of the first heat exchanger core 35 and the second heat exchanger core 36. It is arranged, mounted on the body frame 38, and fixed via the partition wall 30 and the support 39.

  The first heat exchanger core 35 is a grid-like radiator that cools an object to be cooled, such as engine coolant, and the second heat exchanger core 36 is an object to be cooled, such as hydraulic fluid in a hydraulic circuit, for example. The third heat exchanger core 37 is an air conditioning condenser that cools an object to be cooled such as a refrigerant in an air conditioning circuit, for example.

  The first heat exchanger core 35 and the second heat exchanger core 36 are installed in a frame 41 connected to the support 39, and the third heat exchanger core 37 is hinged 43 on one side of the frame 41. It is installed through. Therefore, the third heat exchanger core 37 is configured to be able to swing out around the hinge 43 on one side, and has a structure that improves the cleanability of the heat exchanger cores 35 and 36 and facilitates maintenance. .

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the cooling fan 28 is located on the back side of the cooling unit 27, that is, between the cooling unit 27 and the partition wall 30, and is covered with a shroud body 45 having a shroud and a guard. At the same time, the shroud body 45 is rotationally driven so as to rotate forward or reverse by a hydraulic motor 46 which is a power source as a fluid pressure actuator located at the center of the shroud body 45. The cooling fan 28 is an abbreviation of a fan body to which an insertion bracket 47 that is an insertion member through which the rotation shaft 46a of the hydraulic motor 46 is inserted, and a distal end side of the rotation shaft 46a that is inserted through the insertion bracket 47 is fixed. A cylindrical base portion 48 and a blade portion 49, which is a plurality of fan blades whose base end side is rotatably attached to the base portion 48 and whose distal end protrudes radially with respect to the base portion 48, are provided. .

  The insertion bracket 47 is connected to the base portion 48 via bolts 51 and the like.

  A connecting hole 53 for connecting a tube 52, which is a connecting pipe connected to an air compressor (not shown) as a fluid pressure supply means for supplying compressed air, to the end of the base portion 48 opposite to the hydraulic motor 46. A spiral ventilation portion 54 that communicates with the connection hole 53 is formed inside the base portion 48, and a switching (not shown) that switches the communication direction between the connection hole 53 side and the ventilation portion 54 side is formed. A switching valve as a means is attached. Then, by switching the supply direction of the compressed air supplied from the air compressor via the tube 52 to the ventilation part 54 by the switching valve, each blade part 49 rotates and the inclination angle of the base part 48 with respect to the axial direction is cut. It is comprised so that it may replace.

  The ventilation portion 54 includes a first opening 54a for rotating each blade portion 49 for reverse rotation of the cooling fan 28, and a second opening 54b for rotating each blade portion 49 for forward rotation of the cooling fan 28. And are formed.

  The blades 49 are formed so that the cross section is curved in an arc shape. For example, nine or twelve blades are inclined at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the base body 48 and intersect with the axial direction of the base body 48. Installed. Further, the shaft portion 49a that is the base end portion of each blade portion 49 is airtightly connected to the ventilation portion 54 of the base portion 48 by a seal member 49b that is an airtight member. An air blowing part 49c as a spraying part projects from the inside of the part 54. And each blade | wing part 49 is comprised so that it may rotate in the same position, when the compressed air supplied from the air compressor is sprayed with respect to this air blowing part 49c. The blades 49 are rotated almost simultaneously, for example, so as not to interfere with each other when the cooling fan 28 is rotated forward and when it is reversed.

  The shroud body 45 is fixed to a plurality of mounting frames 55 mounted in the frame 41 on the back side of the cooling unit 27 by bolts 56 or the like. Further, a fitting hole portion 58 in which a bracket 57 holding the hydraulic motor 46 is fitted is formed in the central portion of the shroud body 45.

  The mounting frame 55 is disposed so as to face the periphery of the cooling fan 28 so as to define an air passage communicating from the periphery of the cooling fan 28 to the shroud body 45.

  In the bracket 57, mounting brackets 60, 60 are horizontally welded to the upper and lower portions of the hydraulic motor 46. The mounting brackets 60, 60 are fixed to the shroud body 45 by bolts 62 via a plurality of fixing brackets 61, and the other end of the motor support 63 having one end fixed to the side of the frame 41. Connected between.

  The hydraulic motor 46 is connected to the discharge side of a fluid pressure (hydraulic) pump driven by a control signal from a control unit (not shown), and drives the engine 25 according to the flow direction of hydraulic oil supplied through the hydraulic pump. Independently, the forward drive or the reverse drive can be performed so that the cooling fan 28 is rotated forward or reverse.

  Further, the partition wall 30 divides the engine chamber 26 and the cooling chamber 29 to enhance the cooling efficiency in the cooling unit 27, and faces the cooling fan 28 through the shroud body 45. Furthermore, a recess (not shown) into which a part of the hydraulic motor 46 is fitted is provided in a portion of the partition wall 30 facing the hydraulic motor 46, and below the recess of the partition wall 30 facing the cooling fan 28, A plurality of openings 71 that allow the engine chamber 26 and the cooling chamber 29 to communicate with each other are formed, and a closing member 72 that can open and close each opening 71 is attached to each of the openings 71. Further, a pipe (hose) connected to a working fluid (hydraulic oil) tank, a fuel tank or a control valve (not shown) is inserted into the partition wall 30 to the engine chamber 26 side, or a pipe from the engine chamber 26 side is inserted. A plurality of insertion holes (not shown) are formed through which the air is inserted into the cooling chamber 29 side.

  The opening 71 is formed in a round hole shape at a position corresponding to each of the first heat exchanger core 35 and the second heat exchanger core 36, for example, and penetrates the partition wall 30.

  The blocking member 72 is formed in a plate shape (film shape) by a lightweight member such as a synthetic resin that does not have air permeability, and is disposed on the cooling chamber 29 side, that is, the front side of each opening 71, and the upper side is the fixing portion 75. The lower side has a free end shape, and a weight 76 is provided on the lower end side of the free end shape. That is, the closing member 72 is fixed in a state of being suspended from the partition wall 30.

  The fixing portion 75 is configured to be pivotally supported on the partition wall 30 by, for example, a hinge, bolt, rivet, etc., configured to be detachable with respect to the partition wall 30 with a hook or hook-and-loop fastener, etc., to the receiving portion formed on the partition wall 30 side. It is possible to adopt an arbitrary configuration such as a configuration that is slid horizontally and inserted, or a configuration in which the upper end side of the closing member 72 is sandwiched between the partition wall 30 and a predetermined member.

  The weight 76 can be of any configuration such as a configuration for attaching a round bar or the like, or a configuration in which a plurality of predetermined weights are appropriately attached and detached so as to have a desired weight. In one side of a hollow main body 78 formed by folding the lower end portion of the member 72 into a bag shape, a liquid such as water or a substitute object such as a gel-like object flows in the main body 78. A valve 79 such as a check valve capable of injecting the body is attached. The weight 76 may not necessarily be provided depending on the weight of the closing member 72.

  Next, the function and effect of the embodiment will be described.

  The blocking member 72 injects a required amount of fluid into the main body 78 via the valve 79 according to its weight so that the opening 71 can be smoothly opened and closed when the cooling fan 28 is reversely rotated or forwardly rotated. Adjust weight 76.

  When the work machine 11 is in operation, the hydraulic pressure pump is driven by a predetermined control signal from the control unit, so that the hydraulic motor 46 drives the cooling fan 28 in the direction of normal rotation or reverse rotation.

  When the cooling fan 28 is rotated forward, the switching valve in the cooling fan 28 is switched, and the compressed air supplied from the air compressor through the tube 52 is supplied to the second opening 54b side of the ventilation portion 54 to supply each blade. Each blade 49 is rotated about the shaft 49a by being sprayed on the air blowing part 49c of the part 49, and is inclined as shown by the solid line in FIG. At this time, each blade portion 49 is inclined by about 30 °, for example, with respect to a plane substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the base portion 48 in a state where the curved portion protrudes forward in the forward rotation direction of the cooling fan 28. . Then, by rotating the cooling fan 28 by the hydraulic motor 46 in this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the closing member 72 closes the opening 71 by its own weight, cooling air pressure, or both of them. Cooling air C is sucked from the outside through the vent hole of the cover 31, and is forced to pass through the cooling unit 27. The heat exchange is performed by the heat exchanger cores 35, 36, and 37, and each object to be cooled is cooled. .

  When reversing the cooling fan 28, the switching valve in the cooling fan 28 is switched, and the compressed air supplied from the air compressor through the tube 52 is supplied to the first opening 54a side of the ventilation portion 54, and each By spraying on the air blowing portion 49c of the blade portion 49, each blade portion 49 is rotated about 120 ° from the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 5 to the state shown by the imaginary line around the shaft portion 49a. . At this time, each blade portion 49 is inclined by about 150 °, for example, with respect to a plane substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the base portion 48 in a state where the curved portion protrudes rearward in the reverse direction of the cooling fan 28. . Then, by rotating the cooling fan 28 by the hydraulic motor 46 in this state, as shown in FIG. 2, the weight 76 side (lower end side) of the closing member 72 is cooled by the negative pressure generated by driving the cooling fan 28. By rotating to the 29 side and opening the opening 71, the engine room 26 and the cooling room 29 communicate with each other, and the cooling fan 28 blows air (blast air B) from the engine room 26 side to the cooling room 29 side. The air is sucked and blown to the cooling unit 27, mixed in the cooling air C sucked from the outside during the forward rotation of the cooling fan 28, sucked into the cooling chamber 29 and blown off dust such as chips adhering to the cooling unit 27, Clean the cooling unit 27.

  The control unit sets the cooling fan 28 in the normal rotation state during normal operation, and sets the cooling fan 28 in the reverse rotation state at a predetermined timing. And a control part returns to a normal rotation state, after continuing this reverse rotation state for the predetermined time. The timing at which the cooling fan 28 is in the reverse rotation state can be arbitrarily set, and may be, for example, immediately after the operation of the work machine 11 is started or just before the operation is ended.

  As described above, in the above embodiment, the partition wall 30 that partitions the engine 25 and the cooling unit 27 is provided with the opening 71 that connects the engine 25 side and the cooling fan 28 side, and the cooling fan 28. The opening 71 is opened in the reverse rotation state, and the closing member 72 for closing the opening 71 in the forward rotation state of the cooling fan 28 is provided.

  Therefore, in the normal rotation state of the cooling fan 28, the closing member 72 closes the opening 71, isolates the cooling unit 27 side and the engine 25 side by the partition wall 30, and cools the object to be cooled via the cooling unit 27 by the cooling air. In the reverse rotation state of the cooling fan 28, the closing member 72 opens the opening 71 to blow sufficient air from the engine 25 side (engine chamber 26 side) to the cooling unit 27. Can be reliably cleaned.

  As a result, the cooling unit 27 can be prevented from being soiled or clogged with chips and the like, the cooling efficiency of the cooling unit 27 can be improved, and overheating during operation can be prevented.

  Further, the closing member 72 is a lightweight member that closes the opening 71 by its own weight, cooling air pressure, or both in the forward rotation state of the cooling fan 28, so that a mechanism for closing the opening 71 by the closing member 72 is provided. It is not necessary separately and the configuration can be simplified. In addition, by making the closing member 72 into a film shape or the like, it is possible to fit the closing member 72 even when the formation portion of the opening 71 of the partition wall 30 is uneven.

  Furthermore, the upper side of the closing member 72 is pivotally supported by the partition wall 30 and the lower side is formed in a free end shape, so that the structure in which the closing member 72 closes the opening 71 by its own weight, cooling air pressure or both is easily formed. it can.

  Further, by attaching the weight 76 to the lower portion of the closing member 72, it is possible to suppress the opening and closing of the opening 71 when the closing member 72 is not necessary due to vibration or impact during traveling of the work machine 11.

  Further, the weight 76 is constituted by a hollow main body 78 and a valve 79 capable of injecting a fluid into the main body 78, so that a necessary amount of fluid can be introduced into the main body 78 via the valve 79. The weight 76 can be easily adjusted to an optimum state simply by injecting.

  Further, the cooling fan 28 for normal rotation and reverse rotation can obtain a sufficient air volume at the time of forward rotation when the inclination angle of each blade portion 49 with respect to the axial direction of the base portion 48 is constant, but is sufficient at the time of reverse rotation. The air volume cannot be obtained. Therefore, by switching the inclination angle of each blade portion 49 with respect to the axial direction of the base portion 48 correspondingly during forward rotation and reverse rotation, the cooling fan is rotated forward and backward while keeping the inclination angle of each blade portion constant. Compared to the case, a sufficient air volume can be secured at each of the forward and reverse rotations of the cooling fan 28.

  When each blade 49 is rotated in accordance with the forward rotation and reverse rotation of the cooling fan 28, the direction in which the compressed air from the air compressor is blown against the air blowing portion 49c is simply switched by the switching valve. Thus, the rotation direction of each blade portion 49 can be easily switched with a simple configuration.

  In the above-described embodiment, the closing member 72 may be configured to open and close the opening 71 reliably by operating, for example, an opening / closing mechanism or the like corresponding to the normal rotation and reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor 46.

  Further, the vehicle is not limited to the work machine 11, and can be suitably used for a vehicle that is used in a particularly dusty place.

It is a side view showing the important section of the forward rotation state of the cooling fan of one embodiment of the vehicle concerning the present invention. It is a side view which shows the principal part of the reverse rotation state of a cooling fan same as the above. It is a top view which shows the principal part of a vehicle same as the above. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the principal part of a cooling fan same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows a part of cooling fan same as the above. It is a perspective view which shows the cooling unit and cooling fan of a vehicle same as the above from the back. It is a perspective view which shows the cooling unit and cooling fan of a vehicle same as the above from the front. It is a perspective view which shows the closure member of a vehicle same as the above. It is a side view which shows a vehicle same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

11 Work machines as vehicles
25 engine
27 Cooling unit
28 Cooling fan
30 Bulkhead
48 Base as a fan body
49 Feather
71 opening
72 Blocking member
76 weights
78 Main unit
79 Valve

Claims (6)

Engine,
A cooling unit for cooling an object to be cooled;
A partition wall separating the engine and the cooling unit;
A cooling fan that is located between the partition wall and the cooling unit, forcibly passes the cooling air through the cooling unit in the forward rotation state, and blows the reverse air to the cooling unit in the reverse rotation state;
An opening provided in the partition wall for communicating the engine side and the cooling fan side;
A vehicle comprising: a closing member that opens when the cooling fan is reversely rotated and closes the opening when the cooling fan is normally rotated. The closing member is a lightweight member that is disposed on the cooling fan side of the opening and closes the opening with at least one of its own weight and cooling air pressure when the cooling fan is rotating forward. The vehicle described. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the closing member is pivotally supported on the upper side by a partition wall and formed on the lower side in a free end shape. The vehicle according to claim 3, wherein a weight is attached to a lower portion of the closing member. Weight is
A hollow body,
The vehicle according to claim 4, further comprising a valve capable of injecting a fluid into the main body. The cooling fan
A substantially cylindrical fan body;
A blade portion that is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the fan body, protrudes radially with respect to the fan body, and a blade portion that can switch an inclination angle with respect to the axial direction of the fan body during forward rotation and reverse rotation. The vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:

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