JP2009292250A - Joint/separation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joint/separation system adapted to maintain satisfactory joint state and execute reliable separating operation even with a small amount of explosive. <P>SOLUTION: The joint/separation system for separably joining one structure A and the other structure B is provided with a joint bolt 1 penetrating through both structures A and B from the structure A side; a divided nut 2 engaged with the joint bolt 1 on the other structure B side; a nut holder 3 fitted onto the divided nut 2; a shear pin 4 inserted into the nut holder 3 and the divided nut 2; and a linear explosive device 5 disposed between the nut holder 3 and the divided nut 2 and expandingly deformed upon operation, thereby separating the nut holder 3 from the divided nut 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a coupling / separating device used for detachably coupling structures to each other, such as a rocket open nose fairing or an interstage part.

  Conventionally, as this type of coupling / separation device, there are a nose fairing coupling / separation device using a linear pyrotechnic, and a rocket interstage coupling / separation device using a separation nut.

  The nose fairing coupling / separating device divides the nose fairing into two segments, and provides a linear pyrotechnic along the divided portion, and a pair of plates spanned between the segments. The structure is sandwiched between. Also between both segments. A plurality of springs and the like for providing a separating force are provided.

  The above-described coupling / separating apparatus couples two segments to maintain the function of nose fairing, and then breaks a pair of plates by operating a linear pyrotechnic, thereby separating the two segments, i.e., nose fare. Open the ring.

  Next, the coupling / separation device for the rocket interstage part is obtained by connecting the upper stage part and the lower stage part of the rocket with a plurality of separation nuts. The separation nut is divided into a coupling bolt, a split nut screwed into this, and a split nut. A nut holder fitted to the outside of the nut and a cartridge loaded with explosives are provided. In addition, a Marman band for coupling, a plurality of springs for applying separation force, and the like are provided between the upper and lower stages.

The above coupling / separating apparatus couples the upper stage part and the lower stage part, and then separates the upper stage part and the lower stage part by the operation of the separation nut. In the separation nut, the nut holder is detached from the split nut by the pressure of the combustion gas of the cartridge, and the screwing between the split nut and the coupling bolt is released, thereby separating the upper step portion and the lower step portion (Non-Patent Document 1). .
"Enhanced Edition, Aerospace Engineering Handbook" Maruzen Co., Ltd., April 25, 1983, p. 460-462

  By the way, in the coupling / separation device used for the rocket as described above, the nose fairing coupling / separation device using the linear pyrotechnics is required to have strength capable of withstanding a large external force during the coupling. In some cases, the component member (plate) is broken, so that the explosive amount of the linear pyrotechnics is inevitably increased in order to increase the reliability of the operation.

  However, if the amount of explosives for linear pyrotechnics is increased, the impact acceleration at the time of operation also increases, so in consideration of the impact resistance requirements for other parts and mounted equipment, the amount of explosives must be strictly limited. However, it was difficult to set specifications for development.

  In addition, since the coupling / separation device for the rocket interstage using the separation nut needs to operate a plurality of separation nuts at the same time, the overall structure including the ignition system becomes complicated in order to improve the operation reliability. There were problems such as.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and can maintain a good coupled state and can perform a reliable separation operation even with a small amount of explosives, and the impact acceleration during operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a coupling / separating device that can reduce the amount of noise and improve the reliability of operation.

  The coupling / separation device of the present invention is a device that detachably couples one structure and the other structure, the coupling bolt penetrating both structures from one structure side, and the other divided around the axis and the other A split nut that is screwed to the coupling bolt on the structure side, a nut holder that fits outside the split nut and maintains the screwed state with the coupling bolt, a shear pin that is inserted through the nut holder and the split nut, and a nut The structure is provided with a linear pyrotechnic that is interposed between the holder and the split nut and expands and deforms by operation to release the nut holder from the split nut, and the above structure is a means for solving the conventional problems. .

  In addition, as a linear pyrotechnic, the pyrotechnic can be used in which explosives are loaded in a tube having a flat cross section and the tube is expanded and deformed into a circular cross section by operation.

  According to the coupling / separation device of the present invention, it is possible to maintain a good coupling state between one structure and the other structure, and it is possible to perform a reliable separation operation even with a small amount of explosive, and a shock during operation. Reduction of acceleration and improvement of operation reliability can be realized. In particular, the use of a linear pyrotechnic makes it possible to operate a plurality of coupling / separation devices all at once with a single linear pyrotechnic, thereby realizing a further improvement in reliability.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a coupling / separating device of the present invention. 1 is a device that detachably couples one structure A shown on the right side in FIG. 1 and the other structure B shown on the left side in FIG. The overlapping portion between the flange portion Af and the housing Bh of the other structural body B is coupled.

  It should be noted that the coupling / separating device can be arranged at one place or a plurality of places between the structures A and B, and in the case of a plurality of places, several components can be shared. it can. However, since the cross-sectional structure is almost the same at the center of the main part regardless of the single-place arrangement or the multi-place arrangement, the configuration of the single-place arrangement will be described first, and the multi-place arrangement will be described later using the same drawing. The structure of will be described.

  The coupling / separating device includes a coupling bolt 1 that penetrates both structures A and B from one structure A side, and a split nut 2 that is divided around the axis and screwed to the coupling bolt 1 on the other structure B side. The nut holder 3 that fits outside the split nut 2 and maintains the screwed state with the coupling bolt 1, the shear pin 4 inserted through the nut holder 3 and the split nut 2, the nut holder 3, and the split nut 2 A linear pyrotechnic 5 is provided which is interposed between them and expands and deforms by operation to detach the nut holder 3 from the split nut 2.

The coupling bolt 1 has a general shape and is attached via a disc spring 6. After the attachment, the head side is covered with a cover 7 for preventing scattering provided on one structure A. The split nut 2 is divided into about two or three around the axis.

  The nut holder 3 is a member having a U-shaped cross section, and a linear pyrotechnic 5 is passed between the bottom wall and the split nut 2 and an open portion is fitted to the outside of the split nut 2. The positioning is fixed by inserting the shear pin 4 into the split nut 2 from the outside.

  The linear pyrotechnic 5 is called ESMDC (Expanding Shield Mild Decoding Cord), and has a structure in which an explosive wire 5c is loaded together with a resin support 5b in a stainless steel tube 5a having a flat cross section. The tube 5a is expanded and deformed into a circular cross-section by the pressure of the gas generated by the operation of the explosion line 5c.

  The coupling / separating apparatus having the above-described structure is provided with sufficient strength by using the coupling bolt 1 and the split nut 2 constrained by the nut holder 3 so that the one structural body A and the other structural body B have sufficient strength in the same manner as a normal bolt / nut. Are combined.

  When the linear pyrotechnic 5 is actuated, the coupling / separating device expands and deforms the tube 5a into a circular cross-section by the pressure of the gas generated from the explosive wire 5c, so that an axial force is applied to the nut holder 3. The shear pin 4 is sheared by the force, and the nut holder 3 is detached from the split nut 2 as shown in FIG. As a result, the restraint of the split nut 2 is released, and as shown in FIG. 3, the screwing of the split nut 2 and the connecting bolt 1 is released, and one structure A and the other structure B are separated.

  In this way, the coupling / separating device can maintain a good coupling state between the two structures A and B, and only involves shearing of the shear pin 4 at the time of separation, so that the explosive amount of the linear pyrotechnic 5 is reduced. However, the separation operation can be performed reliably by operating well.

  Therefore, the coupling / separation device also has a low impact acceleration at the time of separation.For example, when applied to a cranial nose fairing or a rocket interstage, the development of the joint separation device requires impact resistance requirements for other components and mounted equipment. It is easy to set specifications with due consideration.

  Here, as described above, the coupling / separation device of the present invention can be disposed at a plurality of locations between the structures A and B. In this case, the coupling bolt 1 and the split nut 2 disposed at the respective locations. In addition, a common linear pyrotechnic 5 can be used for the nut holder 3, and at least one of the split nut 2 and the nut holder 3 can be made common.

  When the coupling / separating device is applied to, for example, a rocket interstage, a plurality of coupling bolts 1 are arranged at predetermined intervals over the entire circumference of the rocket. On the other hand, a common dividing nut instead of each dividing nut 2 is used. A body 20 is used, and a common nut holder body 30 instead of each nut holder 3 is used.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the split nut body 20 is a long material bent along the circumferential direction of the rocket, and the first member 20 </ b> A on one structure A side and the other structure B side. The second member 20B is divided into two parts, and a female screw is formed which is screwed with each connecting bolt 1 over both the members 20A and 20B. The split nut body 20 does not have to have a length corresponding to the entire circumference of the rocket, and may be divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of the rocket.

  The nut holder body 30 is a long material having a U-shaped cross section and bent along the circumferential direction of the rocket. The nut holder body 30 is fitted to the outside of the divided nut body 20 and is positioned and fixed by a plurality of shear pins 4. The nut holder body 30 need not have a length corresponding to the entire circumference of the rocket, and may be divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of the rocket. Further, the nut holder body 30 is fitted to the outside of each divided nut 2 in the configuration using the individual divided nut 2 without using the divided nut body 20.

  As described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the coupling / separation device having the above-described configuration includes one structural body A and the like by a plurality of coupling bolts 1, a split nut body 20 restrained by a nut holder body 30, and the like. The other structure B is bonded with sufficient strength.

  When the linear pyrotechnic 5 is actuated, the coupling / separating device expands and deforms the tube 5a into a circular cross section by the pressure of the generated gas, thereby generating a force in the separating direction in the nut holder body 30. As a result, each shear pin 4 is sheared, and the nut holder body 30 is detached from the split nut body 20. As a result, the restraint of the split nut body 20 is released and the first member 20A and the second member 20B are separated, and the split nut body 20 and all the coupling bolts 1 are screwed together as shown in FIG. One structure A and the other structure B are separated at the same time.

  In this way, the coupling / separation apparatus can be operated at the same time with a single operating source by arranging the linear pyrotechnics 5 at a plurality of locations, thereby providing high operational reliability. Obtainable. Moreover, the coupling / separation apparatus realizes a reduction in the number of parts by using the common divided nut body 20 and the nut holder body 30 in addition to the common linear pyrotechnics 5, and the reliability of the separation operation. Realize further improvements.

  It should be noted that the coupling / separation device of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified without departing from the gist of the present invention and its use is particularly limited. Absent. However, since the coupling / separation apparatus can maintain a good coupling state and has high reliability in the separation operation and low impact acceleration, it is very useful as an apparatus for a spacecraft equipped with precision equipment.

In one Embodiment of the coupling | bonding separation apparatus of this invention, it is sectional drawing explaining a coupling | bonding state. It is sectional drawing explaining the state which the nut holder removed from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing explaining the state which both structures isolate | separated from the state of FIG. In the example which employ | adopted the common division | segmentation nut body and nut holder body, in sectional drawing (a) explaining a coupling | bonding state based on the II arrow in FIG. 1, and sectional drawing (b) explaining a separation state is there.

Explanation of symbols

A one structure B other structure 1 connecting bolt 2 split nut 3 nut holder 4 shear pin 5 linear pyrotechnics 5a tube 20 split nut body 30 nut holder body

Claims (5)

  An apparatus for releasably connecting one structure and the other structure, a connecting bolt penetrating both structures from one structure side, and a screw that is divided around the axis and screwed to the connecting bolt on the other structure side A split nut to be joined, a nut holder that fits outside the split nut and maintains a screwed state with the joint bolt, a shear pin inserted through the nut holder and the split nut, and a gap between the nut holder and the split nut A coupling / separating device comprising a linear pyrotechnic that is mounted and expands and deforms by operation to release a nut holder from a split nut.   The coupling bolt, the split nut, and the nut holder are disposed at a plurality of locations between one structure and the other structure, and a common linear pyrotechnic is disposed on each nut holder. 2. The bond separation apparatus according to 1.   3. The coupling / separating device according to claim 2, further comprising a common dividing nut body that is divided into two parts on one structure side and the other structure side and screwed to each coupling bolt instead of each dividing nut. .   4. The coupling / separating device according to claim 2, further comprising a common nut holder body that fits outside each split nut or split nut body instead of each nut holder.   The linear pyrotechnic product is a pyrotechnic product in which explosives are loaded in a tube having a flat cross-sectional shape, and the tube is expanded and deformed into a circular cross-section by operation. The coupling / separation device according to 1.

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