JP2009286638A - Reaction apparatus and electronic appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To emit a suitable wavelength region among radiation radiated from a reaction apparatus body to the outside of a heat insulating container. <P>SOLUTION: A reaction apparatus 110 is equipped with the reaction apparatus body 111 having a reaction zone to perform the reaction of reactants and a first container 120 to house the reaction apparatus body 111. The first container 120 has a radiation transmissive region 160 transmitting radiation from the reaction apparatus body 111. A water tank 161 storing water is arranged in the radiation transmissive region 160. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reaction device and an electronic device used for a fuel cell device or the like.

  In recent years, fuel cells using hydrogen as fuel as a clean power source with high energy conversion efficiency have begun to be applied to automobiles and portable devices. A fuel cell is a device that takes out electric power directly from chemical energy by electrochemically reacting fuel and oxygen in the atmosphere.

  The fuel used in the fuel cell includes hydrogen, but there is a problem in handling and storage due to being a gas at room temperature. When liquid fuels such as alcohols and gasoline are used, a vaporizer that vaporizes the liquid fuel, a reformer that extracts hydrogen necessary for power generation by reacting the vaporized fuel with high-temperature steam, and a by-product of the reforming reaction Therefore, a carbon monoxide remover or the like that removes carbon monoxide is required.

Since the operating temperature of this vaporizer and carbon monoxide remover is high, these reaction device bodies (hot bodies) are stored in a heat insulating container (high temperature body storage device) to suppress heat dissipation. (For example, see Patent Literature).
JP 2004-303695 A

  By the way, in such a heat insulating container, if the amount of heat conducted from the reaction apparatus main body to the heat insulation container is suppressed, the temperature of the reaction apparatus main body increases, and there is a possibility that an appropriate reaction temperature cannot be maintained. On the other hand, in order to avoid such a problem, for example, when the amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body to the heat insulating container is increased, there is a problem that the temperature of an external electronic device including the reactor main body increases.

  For this reason, the present applicant is studying a reaction apparatus in which a region that transmits radiation from the reaction apparatus main body is provided in the heat insulating container, and heat of the reaction apparatus main body can be radiated to the outside of the heat insulation container by radiation. However, depending on the wavelength, an object that exists outside the reactor absorbs radiation, and therefore, radiation in a wavelength region that has little influence on the outer object is emitted to the outside out of the radiation emitted from the reactor main body. It is necessary. In particular, if radiation in a wavelength region that is easily absorbed by water is emitted, there is a risk of discomfort to the user.

  An object of the present invention is to emit radiation in an appropriate wavelength region out of radiation radiated from the reactor main body to the outside of the heat insulating container.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a reaction apparatus comprising: a reaction apparatus main body having a reaction part with which a reactant reacts; and a first container that accommodates the reaction apparatus main body. The first container has a radiation transmission region that transmits radiation from the main body of the reactor, and the radiation transmission region is provided with a water tank in which water is stored.

  Invention of Claim 2 is the reaction apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: At least one part area | region of the said water tank selectively absorbs the radiation of the wavelength range containing 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. To do.

  Invention of Claim 3 is the reaction apparatus of Claim 1, Comprising: The depth of the advancing direction of the said radiation is 3 micrometers-10 micrometers in the at least one part area | region of the said water tank, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. .

  The invention according to claim 4 is the reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water has a thickness in the traveling direction of the radiation of 3 μm to 10 μm in at least a partial region in the water tank. It is characterized by being accommodated.

  Invention of Claim 5 is a reaction apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: The water ring flow path which circulates water to the said water tank, and the said water ring flow path are connected, and water is stored. And a water pump for circulating water in the water tank to the water ring passage.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the reaction apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the main body of the reaction apparatus has two or more reaction parts at which the reactants react with each other at different temperatures. 1 container has two or more radiation transmission regions provided with water tanks that are respectively disposed opposite to the two or more reaction units and in which water is stored, and the water in the water tank is supplied by the water pump Thus, the water that has passed through the water tank disposed opposite to the reaction section on the lower temperature side is supplied to the water tank disposed opposite to the reaction section on the higher temperature side.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the reaction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the reaction apparatus main body includes a connection part through which a reaction product reacted in the reaction part or a product generated in the reaction part flows. The first container has a radiation transmission region provided with a water tank disposed opposite to the connecting portion and containing water, and the water in the water tank is cooled by the water pump. It flows to the high temperature side from.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the reaction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a radiation heat dissipating film for dissipating heat absorbed by water in the water tank is provided on the surface of the water tank. And

  The invention according to claim 9 is the reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reaction unit includes a fuel battery cell that generates electric power by reaction of a reactant. And

  The invention according to claim 10 is a reaction apparatus main body having a reaction unit including a fuel cell that generates electric power by reaction of a reactant, and an output electrode that transmits electric power of the fuel cell. And a first container having a radiation transmission region that contains the reaction device main body and transmits radiation from the reaction device main body, and the radiation transmission region is disposed to face the output electrode. A water tank containing water is provided, and the water in the water tank flows from a low temperature side to a high temperature side by a water pump for sending water.

  An eleventh aspect of the present invention is an electronic apparatus comprising the reaction apparatus according to the ninth or tenth aspect and an electronic apparatus main body driven by electric power of the fuel cell.

  A twelfth aspect of the present invention is an electronic device, which is a fuel cell that generates electric power using the reaction apparatus according to any one of the first to eighth aspects and fuel supplied from the reaction apparatus main body. And an electronic device main body driven by the electric power of the fuel cell.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, an appropriate wavelength area | region among the radiation radiated | emitted from the reaction apparatus main body can be discharge | released outside the heat insulation container.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, although various technically preferable limitations for implementing the present invention are given to the embodiments described below, the scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electronic device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 100 is a portable electronic device such as a notebook personal computer, a PDA, an electronic notebook, a digital camera, a mobile phone, a wristwatch, or a game device.

  The electronic device 100 includes a fuel cell device 130, an electronic device main body 101 that is driven by electric power supplied from the fuel cell device 130, and the like. The fuel cell device 130 generates electric power and supplies it to the electronic device main body 101 as will be described later.

  Next, the fuel cell device 130 will be described. This fuel cell device 130 generates electric power to be output to the electronic device main body 101, and includes a fuel container 102, a liquid feed pump 103, a reaction device 110, a fuel cell 140, a DC / DC converter 131, and a secondary battery 132. Etc. Further, the fuel cell device 130 includes a water tank 171, a water pump 172, and a water ring channel 173. The water tank 171 is provided with a radiation heat radiation film 171a on the surface. The radiation heat dissipation film 171a can be formed in the same manner as a radiation heat dissipation film 113a described later. As will be described later, the water in the water tank 171 absorbs heat when circulating in the water tank 161. However, the heat radiation of the water 171 in the water tank 171a can be released to the outside of the electronic device 100 by the radiation heat dissipation film 171a. it can.

  The water ring channel 173 is connected to a water tank 161 provided in a radiation transmission window 160 described later. The water tank 171 may be provided only for circulating in the water tank 161, or a water tank provided for other purposes may be used in combination. For example, water used in a fuel reforming reaction or water storage tank generated after power generation can be used.

The fuel container 102 stores a liquid mixture of raw liquid fuel (for example, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether) and water. Liquid raw fuel and water may be stored separately in the fuel container 102.
The liquid mixture in the fuel container 102 is sent to the vaporizer 104 of the reaction device 110 by the liquid feed pump 103.

The reactor 110 includes a vaporizer 104, a reformer 105, a carbon monoxide remover 106, a heat exchanger 107, a catalytic combustor 109, and the like.
The vaporizer 104 heats and vaporizes the mixed liquid sent from the fuel container 102 to about 110 to 160 ° C. by heat transfer from an electric heater / temperature sensor 153 and a reformer 105 described later. The air-fuel mixture vaporized by the vaporizer 104 is sent to the reformer 105.

  The reformer 105 has a flow path formed therein, and a reforming catalyst is supported on the wall surface of the flow path. As the reforming catalyst, a Cu / ZnO-based catalyst, a Pd / ZnO-based catalyst, or the like is used. The reformer 105 heats the air-fuel mixture sent from the vaporizer 104 to about 300 to 400 ° C. by heat transfer from an electric heater / temperature sensor 155 and a catalyst combustor 109 described later, and reforms by the catalyst in the flow path. Cause a reaction. That is, a mixed gas (reformed gas) such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide as a fuel, and a minute amount of carbon monoxide as a by-product is generated by a catalytic reaction between raw fuel and water.

Here, when the raw fuel is methanol, the reformer 105 mainly undergoes a steam reforming reaction, which is a main reaction as shown in the following chemical reaction formula (1).
CH ₃ OH + H ₂ O → 3H ₂ + CO ₂ (1)
In addition, a small amount (about 1%) of carbon monoxide is generated as a by-product by a side reaction such as the following chemical reaction formula (2) that occurs sequentially after the chemical reaction formula (1).
H ₂ + CO ₂ → H ₂ O + CO (2)
The product (reformed gas) resulting from the reactions of the chemical reaction formulas (1) and (2) is sent to the carbon monoxide remover 106.

A flow path is formed inside the carbon monoxide remover 106, and a selective oxidation catalyst for selectively oxidizing carbon monoxide is supported on the wall surface of the flow path. As the selective oxidation catalyst, for example, Pt / Al ₂ O ₃ or the like can be used.

The reformed gas generated by the reformer 105 and the external air are sent to the carbon monoxide remover 106. The reformed gas is mixed with air and flows through the flow path of the carbon monoxide remover 106, and is heated to about 110 to 160 ° C. by heat transfer from the reformer 105 and the electric heater / temperature sensor 155. Carbon monoxide in the reformed gas is preferentially oxidized by the main reaction as shown in the following chemical reaction formula (3) by the catalyst. As a result, carbon dioxide is generated as the main product, and the concentration of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas can be reduced to about 10 ppm at which the fuel cell 140 can be supplied.
2CO + O ₂ → 2CO ₂ (3)
Since the reaction of the chemical reaction formula (3) is an exothermic reaction, it is disposed adjacent to the vaporizer 104 where the endothermic reaction (vaporization of the mixed solution) is performed.
The reformed gas that has passed through the carbon monoxide remover 106 is sent to the fuel cell 140.

  The reformed gas (off-gas) and air that have passed through the fuel supply channel 144a of the fuel cell 140 are sent to the catalytic combustor 109, and the hydrogen remaining in the reformed gas is combusted by the air. The heat exchanger 107 is disposed adjacent to the carbon monoxide remover 106, and in the process of passing offgas and air supplied from the fuel cell 140 to the catalytic combustor 109, offgas is generated by the heat of the carbon monoxide remover 106. And heat the air.

  The fuel cell 140 is a solid polymer fuel cell, and includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 141, a fuel electrode 142 (anode) and an oxygen electrode 143 (cathode) formed on both sides of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 141, fuel A fuel electrode separator 144 provided with a fuel supply channel 144a for supplying reformed gas to the electrode 142 and an oxygen electrode separator 145 provided with an oxygen supply channel 145a for supplying oxygen to the oxygen electrode 143 are stacked. ing.

The solid polymer electrolyte membrane 141 transmits hydrogen ions, but has a property of not passing oxygen molecules, hydrogen molecules, carbon dioxide, and electrons.
The reformed gas is sent to the fuel electrode 142 via the fuel supply channel 144a. At the fuel electrode 142, the reaction shown in the following electrochemical reaction formula (4) by hydrogen in the reformed gas occurs.
H ₂ → 2H ⁺ + 2e ⁻ (4)
The generated hydrogen ions permeate the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 141 and reach the oxygen electrode 143. The generated electrons are supplied to the anode output electrode 146.

Air is sent to the oxygen electrode 143 through the oxygen supply channel 145a. In the oxygen electrode 143, water is generated by hydrogen ions that have passed through the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 141, oxygen in the air, and electrons supplied from the cathode output electrode 147 as shown in the following electrochemical reaction formula (5). Is done.
2H ⁺ + 1 / 2O ₂ + 2e ⁻ → H ₂ O (5)
Note that a catalyst (not shown) that promotes the reactions of the electrochemical reaction formulas (4) and (5) is provided on both surfaces of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 141.

  The anode output electrode 146 and the cathode output electrode 147 are connected to a DC / DC converter 131 that is an external circuit, and electrons that have reached the anode output electrode 146 are supplied to the cathode output electrode 147 through the DC / DC converter 131. .

  The DC / DC converter 131 converts the power generated by the fuel battery cell 140 into an appropriate voltage, and then supplies the power to the electronic device main body 101 and charges the secondary battery 132 with the power.

[Reactor structure]
Next, the structure of the reaction apparatus 110 will be described. 2 is a perspective view of the reaction apparatus 110, FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to the section line III-III of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a view taken along arrow IV of FIG. The reaction apparatus 110 includes a reaction apparatus main body 111 and a heat insulating container (first container) 120 that accommodates the reaction apparatus main body 111. The reaction apparatus 110 may be formed by bonding metal plates such as stainless steel (SUS304), Kovar alloy, nickel-base alloy, or may be formed by bonding an optical material or a glass substrate.

The reaction apparatus main body 111 includes a first connection part 112, a low temperature reaction part 113, a second connection part 114, and a high temperature reaction part 115. On the outer wall surface of the reaction apparatus main body 111, a radiation preventing film 111a for preventing radiation is provided except for a portion where a radiation heat dissipating film 113a described later is provided. As the material of the radiation prevention film 111a, the same material as that of the reflection film 121a described later can be used. The radiation preventing film 111a suppresses movement of the heat amount to the heat insulating container 120 due to radiation from the reaction apparatus main body 111.
The high temperature reaction section 115 is provided with a reforming flow path 105 a that becomes the reformer 105 and a catalytic combustion flow path 109 a that becomes the catalytic combustor 109. The high temperature reaction unit 115 is provided with an electric heater / temperature sensor 155, and the high temperature reaction unit 115 is maintained at about 300 to 400 ° C. by the electric heater / temperature sensor 155. The electric heater / temperature sensor 155 is connected to a lead wire 155c that penetrates the heat insulating container 120, and power is supplied from the outside of the heat insulating container 120 through the lead wire 155c. The electric heater / temperature sensor 155 is insulated from other members by insulating films 155a and 155b.

The low-temperature reaction unit 113 is provided with a vaporization flow path 104 a serving as the vaporizer 104, a carbon monoxide removal flow path 106 a serving as the carbon monoxide remover 106, and a heat exchange flow path 107 a serving as the heat exchanger 107. The low-temperature reaction unit 113 is provided with an electric heater / temperature sensor 153, and the low-temperature reaction unit 113 is maintained at about 110 to 160 ° C. by the electric heater / temperature sensor 153. The electric heater / temperature sensor 153 is connected to a lead wire 153c that penetrates the heat insulating container 120, and power is supplied from the outside of the heat insulating container 120 through the lead wire 153c. The electric heater / temperature sensor 153 is insulated from other members by insulating films 153a and 153b.
In FIG. 3, only one lead wire 153c, 155c is shown on the high voltage side or low voltage side. Further, for the sake of simplicity, FIG. 3 is described so that the lead wires 153c and 155c in the figure do not overlap, but actually, they may be overlapped when viewed from the lateral direction.

  A radiation heat dissipation film 113 a is provided on the outer surface of the low temperature reaction part 113. The radiation heat dissipation film 113a can be made of a material having a high radiation rate that has a radiation rate in the infrared region of 1 μm to 30 μm of 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.8 or more.

The radiation heat dissipation film 113a may be formed so as to overlap the radiation prevention film 111a after the radiation prevention film 111a is formed on the entire surface of the reaction apparatus main body 111.
As a material for the radiation heat radiation film 113a, a material that can be easily prepared can be selected. Various oxides typified by SiO ₂ and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), clay minerals such as kaolin, ceramics, etc. Can be used. For example, SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , kaolin, RFeO ₃ (R is rare earth), hafnium oxide, YSZ, heat-resistant radiation paint containing titanium oxide, or the like can be used.
The radiation heat dissipation film 113a can be formed into a sheet shape by applying an emulsion liquid containing a material with a high emissivity to a substrate or the like and drying it.
Alternatively, the radiation heat radiation film 113a may be formed by a non-evaporable getter that adsorbs the gas in the heat insulating container 20.

  On the other hand, a material having electrical conductivity, for example, a normal metal or graphite that appears black in the visible light region has a low emissivity in a long wavelength region including the infrared region, and therefore, it can be used as a material for the radiation heat dissipation film 113a. Can not.

Further, as the radiation heat dissipation film 113a, Al ₂ O ₃ can be formed on the outer surface of the low temperature reaction portion 113 in a porous shape by a technique such as anodization. Alternatively, a cloth using a thin glass fiber can be used as the radiation heat dissipation film 113a.
The radiation heat dissipating film 113 a is disposed opposite to the radiation transmission window 160 on the inner wall surface of the heat insulating container 120.

The second connecting part 114 includes a pipe that becomes a flow path for a reaction product and a product generated in the high temperature reaction part 115 and the low temperature reaction part 113, and connects the high temperature reaction part 115 and the low temperature reaction part 113. The second connecting part 114 is connected to the high-temperature reaction part 115 at one end and connected to the low-temperature reaction part 113 at the other end, and flows the reactants and products from the high-temperature reaction part 115 to the low-temperature reaction part 113. A third pipe (outflow pipe) 114b serving as a path and a fourth pipe (inflow pipe) 114c for sending reactants and products from the low temperature reaction section 113 to the high temperature reaction section 115 are provided.
The 1st connection part 112 contains the piping used as the flow path of the reaction material and reaction product which react in the high temperature reaction part 115 and the low temperature reaction part 113. The first connecting portion 112 penetrates the heat insulating container 120 at the other end, is connected to the low temperature reaction portion 113 at one end, and is connected to the liquid feed pump 103, the fuel cell 140, an air pump (not shown), etc. at the other end. . The first connecting part 112 includes a first pipe (outflow pipe) 112b serving as a flow path for sending reactants and products from the low temperature reaction part 113 to the outside of the heat insulation container 120, and a low temperature reaction part from the outside of the heat insulation container 120. 113 is provided with a second pipe (inflow pipe) 112c for sending reactants and products.
Heat exchange may be performed between the first pipe and the second pipe, and between the third pipe and the fourth pipe.

In order to prevent heat conduction and convection due to gas molecules, the internal space of the heat insulating container 120 is maintained at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, such as 10 Pa or less, more preferably 1 Pa or less.
The heat insulating container 120 is generally configured by a housing 121 and a radiation transmission window 160.
A reflection film 121 a that reflects radiation is formed on the inner wall surface of the casing 121 in order to suppress heat loss due to radiation from the reactor main body 111. The reflection film 121a suppresses the movement of the heat amount to the casing 121 due to radiation from the reaction apparatus main body 111.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Au, Al, Ag, Cu, and Rh, which are candidates for the materials of the radiation preventing film 111a and the reflective film 121a. As shown in FIG. 5, Au, Al, Ag, and Cu have a radiation reflectance of 90% or more in an infrared region of about 1 μm or more emitted from a reaction part at 100 ° C. to 1000 ° C. 111a and the reflective film 121a can be used. Further, since Rh has a reflectance of 90% or more in the infrared region having a wavelength of about 2 μm or more, it can be used as the radiation preventing film 111a and the reflecting film 121a if the temperature of the reaction part is 500 ° C. or less. it can.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat insulating container 120 is provided with a radiation transmission window 160 at a portion facing the radiation heat radiation film 113 a. The radiation transmission window 160 has higher radiation transmittance in the infrared region than the region where the reflective film 121a is provided on the inner wall surface of the heat insulating container 120. Since the radiation transmission window 160 transmits the radiation radiated from the radiation heat radiation film 113a of the low temperature reaction part 113 and releases it to the outside of the heat insulation container 120, a part of the heat generated in the low temperature reaction part 113 is radiated by the radiation. To the outside.

6 and 7 are graphs showing the relationship between the transmittance of a substance that is a candidate for the material of the radiation transmission window 160 and the wavelength of light. As the radiation transmission window 160, a material having a high transmittance of radiation emitted from the radiation heat radiation film 113a and insoluble in water can be selected. On the other hand, a material having a low transmittance and a high absorption rate of the radiation radiated from the radiation heat radiation film 113a increases the temperature of the radiation transmission window 160 by absorbing the radiation radiated from the radiation heat radiation film 113a. It is not suitable because heat is transferred to an external device via
As a material suitable for the radiation transmitting window 160, for example, Si, Ge, YF ₃ , CeF ₃ , Y ₂ O ₃ , CeO ₂ or the like can be used.

  Since the radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 113a passes through the radiation transmission window 160, a part of the heat generated in the low temperature reaction part 113 is released to the outside of the heat insulating container 120 by radiation. Therefore, the amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body 111 to the heat insulating container 120 via the first connecting portion 112 is suppressed, and the temperature of the low temperature reaction portion 113 is prevented from rising more than necessary due to heat transfer from the high temperature reaction portion 115. Therefore, the temperature of the low temperature reaction part 113 can be maintained appropriately.

  FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the depth of penetration of human skin and the wavelength. A greater penetration depth at a wavelength indicates that radiation at that wavelength is more readily absorbed by human skin. From this graph, among the radiation radiated from the reaction part described above, in particular, the radiation in the wavelength region of about 2.8 to 3.1 μm and the wavelength region of about 5.9 to 6.5 μm has a penetration depth. It can be seen that it is about 50 μm or less and is easily absorbed near the surface of the skin.

  Since the absorbed radiation changes to heat near the surface of the skin, the user may feel uncomfortable due to the radiation. Therefore, in the dielectric multilayer films 23b and 25b, of the radiation radiated from the radiation heat radiation film, radiation in a wavelength region that is likely to be absorbed near the surface of human skin, in particular, a wavelength of about 2.7 to 3.1 μm. It is preferable to reflect radiation in the region and in the wavelength region of about 5.9 to 6.5 μm.

  FIG. 9 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the radiation intensity at a predetermined temperature, and FIG. 10 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the water absorption coefficient. The radiation intensity at each temperature in FIG. 9 is standardized so that the integrated value according to wavelength is equal at all temperatures. Therefore, it shows how the intensity of radiation is distributed according to wavelength when a specific amount of heat is emitted per unit time by radiation at each temperature. Here, the predetermined temperatures are 150 ° C., 400 ° C. and 800 ° C.

  FIG. 11 is a graph showing the absorption intensity obtained by multiplying the above-described radiation intensity and absorption coefficient at a predetermined temperature. This indicates the strength that water absorbs when the radiation that radiates a specific amount of heat per unit time is absorbed by water at each temperature described above. FIG. 11 shows that the absorption intensity is selectively increased in the wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm at any temperature. Therefore, when combined with the graph of FIG. 8 described above, the wavelength region that is easily absorbed by human skin can be selectively shielded by providing a water tank in the radiation transmission region.

  Therefore, in the present invention, radiation in a wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm, which may cause discomfort to the user by being absorbed by the skin, is selectively absorbed, and radiation in an appropriate wavelength region. In order to discharge the water to the outside of the heat insulating container, a water tank 161 in which water is stored is provided in the radiation transmission window 160.

  12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the radiation transmission window 160, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the radiation transmitting window 160 is provided with a water tank 161 therein. The water tank 161 has a radiant light transmission region 162 at the center and water introduction regions 163 at both ends, and a reflective film 163a is provided on the inner surface of the heat insulating container 120 at a position corresponding to the water introduction region 163. ing. The reflective film 163a is made of the same material as that of the reflective film 121a, and most of the radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 113a is reflected by the reflective film 163a. For this reason, the radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 113 a is transmitted through the radiation light transmission region 162 of the radiation transmission window 160. At this time, a part of the radiation is absorbed by the water.

The flow path depth is formed smaller than the water introduction region 163 of the radiation light transmission region 162. Here, an appropriate flow path depth in the radiant light transmission region 162 will be examined. In this specification, the depth of a water tank or the thickness of water is the length measured along the advancing direction of radiation, respectively. In this case, the main traveling direction coincides with the direction in which the radiation is emitted from the radiation heat radiation film 317a and the radiation is emitted from the radiation transmission window 361.
FIG. 14 is a spectrum showing the light transmittance according to the light wavelength for each thickness of the water tank. When the water thickness is 1 mm, radiation with a wavelength of 2 μm or more is absorbed almost 100%, and when the water thickness is 100 μm, radiation with a wavelength of 2 μm or more is almost absorbed, and radiation with a wavelength of 6 μm or more is absorbed. Is absorbed almost 100%. Therefore, at these channel depths, most of the heat of radiation is absorbed by the radiation transmission window 160 and the heat is transferred to the heat insulating container, which is not suitable for the purpose of releasing surplus energy to the outside by radiation.

On the other hand, when the water thickness is reduced to 1 μm, the radiation in the wavelength region that is easily absorbed by the skin is not sufficiently absorbed, and the radiation at the wavelength of 3 μm is about 30% and the radiation at the wavelength of 6 μm is about 30%. 80% is transmitted and released to the outside.
On the other hand, when the water thickness is 3 μm, radiation with a wavelength of 3 μm is selectively absorbed by 95% or more, and transmission to the outside can be suppressed. Further, when the thickness of water is 10 μm, it can selectively absorb 100% of radiation having a wavelength of 3 μm and absorb about 95% of radiation having a wavelength of 6 μm, thereby suppressing transmission to the outside. Therefore, in order to selectively absorb the radiation in the wavelength region that is easily absorbed by the skin among the radiation in the infrared region, the depth of the flow path of the radiation light transmitting region 162 may be 3 μm to 10 μm.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a spectrum of radiation from a black body at 800 ° C. and a spectrum of light transmitted from a black body at 800 ° C. through a water tank having a thickness of 5 μm. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a spectrum of radiation from a black body at 400 ° C. and a spectrum of light transmitted through a water tank having a thickness of 5 μm out of radiation from a black body at 400 ° C.
When the flow path depth of the radiation light transmitting region 162 is 5 μm, about 71% of the radiation emitted by the black body at 800 ° C. is transmitted and about 66% of the radiation emitted by the black body at 400 ° C. is transmitted. It turns out that it penetrates.

  Water inlet / outlet portions 164 and 165 are provided on both ends of the water tank 161 and on the outer surface of the heat insulating container 120. The water inlet / outlet portions 164 and 165 are connected to the water ring channel 173, and the water in the water tank 171 is supplied to the water tank 161 by the water pump 172.

The flow rate of the water circulated in the water tank 161 is adjusted to be, for example, 35 ° C. or less so that the temperature of the radiation transmission window 160 does not rise too much. Since the specific heat of water is about 4.19 (J / (kg · K)), the amount of radiation absorbed by water per unit time (1 sec) is Qw (W), and the flow rate is f (cm ³ / min). Then, the water temperature rise ΔT (K) before and after passing through the transmission window is
ΔT = 60Qw / 4.19f (6)
It becomes. Therefore, the flow rate is
f = 14.3 Qw / ΔT (7)
It becomes. For example, assuming that ΔT is 10 ° C. so that the transmission window temperature is 35 ° C. in an environment of room temperature 25 ° C., 14.3 (cm ³ / min) of water is circulated per 1 W of heat absorbed by water. Just do it.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the radiation transmission window 160 has a wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water among the radiation radiated from the radiation heat radiation film 113a. Since the radiation is selectively absorbed by the water tank 161, it is possible to suppress the emission of these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 100. Thereby, it can suppress giving a user discomfort by the radiation of these wavelength ranges corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water being absorbed by skin.

  In the above embodiment, the radiation heat dissipation film 113a is provided in the low temperature reaction portion 113. However, the radiation heat dissipation film 113a may be provided in the high temperature reaction portion 115, and a radiation transmission window may be provided so as to face this.

FIGS. 17 and 18 are each a plan sectional view showing another example of the water tank 161, and FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing another example of the water tank 161, respectively. As shown in FIG. 17, a partition 166 may be provided in the radiant light transmission region 162, and a water tank 161 branched from the water introduction region 163 may be used. In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, the radiant light transmission region 162 may be formed as a twisted flow path by providing a partition 167. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 19, a water introduction region 163 may be provided at an intermediate portion of the radiation light transmission region 162 and a reflective film 163 a may be provided at a corresponding position to adjust the area of the radiation light transmission region 162. .
Instead of providing the water tank 161 in which the water is stored in the radiation transmission window 160, the radiation transmission window 160 that does not include the water tank 161 in which water is stored is formed at a position facing the radiation heat radiation film 113a, and the radiation transmission window A water tank 161 may be provided outside 160.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing an electronic device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same sign is attached | subjected to the last 2 digits, and description is omitted.

In the present embodiment, the reaction device 210 includes a vaporizer 204, a reformer 205, a first heat exchanger 207, a second heat exchanger 208, a catalytic combustor 209, a fuel cell stack 240, and the like.
The vaporizer 204 and the first heat exchanger 207 are provided integrally, and the reformer 205 and the second heat exchanger 208 are provided integrally. Further, the fuel cell stack 240 and the catalytic combustor 209 are provided integrally.

21 is a perspective view of the reactor 210, FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to the XXII-XXII cutting line of FIG. 21, and FIG. 23 is a view taken along the arrow XXIII of FIG. The fuel cell stack 240 is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cells 240A, 240B, 240C, 240D as shown in FIG. Fuel cell 240A, 240B, 240C, 240D is a molten carbonate type, and a carbon monoxide remover is not used. The integrated fuel cell stack 240 and the catalytic combustor 209 are accommodated in the second container 250, and the second container 250 is accommodated in the heat insulating container 220. The second container 250 is for preventing gas from flowing between the spaces partitioned by the second container 250, and includes an anode output electrode 246, a cathode output electrode 247, a lead wire 257c, and a third connecting portion. The portion through which 216 passes is hermetically sealed.
In FIG. 20, only a single fuel battery cell 240A is shown among the plurality of fuel battery cells 240A, 240B, 240C, and 240D, and the alphabet at the end of the reference numerals is omitted. For simplicity, FIG. 22 shows the lead wires 253c, 255c, and 257c in the figure so as not to overlap, but in reality, they may be overlapped when viewed from the lateral direction. In FIG. 22, only one lead wire 253c, 255c, 257c on the high voltage side or low voltage side is shown, and the cathode output electrode 247 is not shown.

Hereinafter, reactions that occur in the single fuel battery cell 240 and the catalytic combustor 209 will be described.
The fuel cell 240 includes an electrolyte 241, a fuel electrode 242 (anode) and an oxygen electrode 243 (cathode) formed on both surfaces of the electrolyte 241, and a fuel supply channel 244a for supplying reformed gas to the fuel electrode 242. The fuel electrode separator 244 and the oxygen electrode separator 245 provided with an oxygen supply channel 245a for supplying oxygen to the oxygen electrode 243 are stacked.

The electrolyte 241 transmits carbonate ions but does not pass oxygen molecules, hydrogen molecules, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and electrons.
The reformed gas is sent to the fuel electrode 242 via the fuel supply channel 244a. In the fuel electrode 242, the reactions shown in the following electrochemical reaction formulas (6) and (7) are caused by hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbonate ions that have passed through the electrolyte 241 in the reformed gas.
H ₂ + CO ₃ ²⁻ → H ₂ O + CO ₂ + 2e ⁻ (6)
CO + CO ₃ ²⁻ → 2CO ₂ + 2e ⁻ (7)
The generated electrons are supplied to the anode output electrode 246. A mixed gas (off-gas) composed of generated water, carbon dioxide, unreacted hydrogen, and carbon monoxide is supplied to the catalytic combustor 209.

The catalyst combustor 209 is supplied with a mixture of oxygen (air) heated by the first heat exchanger 207 and the second heat exchanger 208 and off-gas. In the catalytic combustor 209, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are combusted, and the heat of combustion is used to heat the fuel cell stack 240.
The exhaust gas (mixed gas of water, oxygen and carbon dioxide) of the catalyst combustor 209 is supplied to the oxygen electrode 243 via the oxygen supply flow path 245a.

In the oxygen electrode 243, the reaction shown in the following electrochemical reaction formula (8) occurs by oxygen and carbon dioxide supplied from the oxygen supply channel 245a and electrons supplied from the cathode output electrode 247.
2CO ₂ + O ₂ + 4e ⁻ → 2CO ₃ ²⁻ (8)
The generated carbonate ions pass through the electrolyte 241 and are supplied to the fuel electrode 242.

Next, the structure of the reaction apparatus 210 will be described. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same sign is attached | subjected to the last 2 digits, and description is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 22, the reaction apparatus 210 includes a reaction apparatus main body 211 and a heat insulating container 220 that houses the reaction apparatus main body 211. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same sign is attached | subjected to the last 2 digits, and description is omitted.

The reaction device main body 211 includes a high temperature reaction part 217, an intermediate temperature reaction part 215, a low temperature reaction part 213, a first connection part 212, a second connection part 214, and a third connection part 216.
The high temperature reaction section 217 is provided with a fuel cell stack 240 in which fuel cells 240A, 240B, 240C, and 240D are stacked, and a catalytic combustion flow path 209a that serves as a catalytic combustor 209.

  The oxygen electrode separator of the fuel cell 240A, the fuel electrode separator of the fuel cell 240B, the oxygen electrode separator of the fuel cell 240B and the fuel electrode separator of the fuel cell 240C, the oxygen electrode separator of the fuel cell 240C and the fuel cell 240D The fuel electrode separator is an integrated double-sided separator 248. An anode output electrode 246 is connected to the fuel electrode separator 244 of the fuel cell 240A, and a cathode output electrode 247 is connected to the oxygen electrode separator 245 of the fuel cell 240D. The anode output electrode 246 and the cathode output electrode 247 pass through the heat insulating container 220 and output the electric power generated in the fuel cell stack 240 to the outside.

  The high-temperature reaction unit 217 is provided with an electric heater / temperature sensor 257, and the high-temperature reaction unit 217 is maintained at about 600 to 700 ° C. by the electric heater / temperature sensor 257. The electric heater / temperature sensor 257 is connected to a lead wire 257c that penetrates the heat insulating container 220, and power is supplied from the outside of the heat insulating container 220 via the lead wire 257c. The electric heater / temperature sensor 257 is insulated from other members by an insulating film 257a.

The intermediate temperature reaction unit 215 is provided with a reforming channel 205 a that serves as the reformer 205 and a heat exchange channel 208 a that serves as the second heat exchanger 208.
Further, the intermediate temperature reaction unit 215 is provided with an electric heater / temperature sensor 255, and the intermediate temperature reaction unit 215 is maintained at about 300 to 400 ° C. by the electric heater / temperature sensor 255. The electric heater / temperature sensor 255 is connected to a lead wire 255c that penetrates the heat insulating container 220, and power is supplied from the outside of the heat insulating container 220 through the lead wire 255c. The electric heater / temperature sensor 255 is insulated from other members by insulating films 255a and 255b.

  The low-temperature reaction section 213 is provided with a vaporization flow path 204 a serving as the vaporizer 204, a carbon monoxide removal flow path 206 a serving as the carbon monoxide remover 206, and a heat exchange flow path 207 a serving as the heat exchanger 207. The low temperature reaction unit 213 is provided with an electric heater / temperature sensor 253, and the low temperature reaction unit 213 is maintained at about 110 to 160 ° C. by the electric heater / temperature sensor 253. The electric heater / temperature sensor 253 is connected to a lead wire 253c that penetrates the heat insulating container 220, and power is supplied from the outside of the heat insulating container 220 via the lead wire 253c. The electric heater / temperature sensor 253 is insulated from other members by insulating films 253a and 253b.

The first connecting part 212 includes a pipe that serves as a flow path for a reactant that reacts in the high temperature reaction part 217, the intermediate temperature reaction part 215, and the low temperature reaction part 213 and a product to be generated. The first connection part 212 penetrates the heat insulating container 220 at the other end side, is connected to the low temperature reaction part 213 at one end, and is connected to the liquid feed pump 203, an air pump (not shown), etc. at the other end. The first connecting portion 212 is connected to the first piping (outflow piping) 212b serving as a flow path for sending reactants and products from the low temperature reaction section 213 to the outside of the heat insulation container 220, and from the outside of the heat insulation container 220 to the low temperature reaction section 213. 2nd piping (inflow piping) 212c which sends a reactant and a product.
The second connecting part 214 includes a pipe that becomes a flow path through which a reaction product and a product to be generated in the intermediate temperature reaction part 215 flow, and connects the intermediate temperature reaction part 215 and the low temperature reaction part 213.
The third linking unit 216 includes a pipe serving as a flow path through which a reaction product and a product generated in the high temperature reaction unit 217 flow, and connects the high temperature reaction unit 217 and the intermediate temperature reaction unit 215.
Heat exchange may be performed between the first pipe and the second pipe, between the third pipe and the fourth pipe, and between the fifth pipe and the sixth pipe.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, a radiation heat dissipation film 217a is provided in the high temperature reaction section 217, and a portion of the heat insulating container 220 facing the radiation heat dissipation film 217a is the same as in the first embodiment. A radiation transmission window 260 is provided on the screen. Also in this embodiment, since the radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 217a passes through the radiation transmission window 260, a part of the heat generated in the high temperature reaction unit 217 is released to the outside of the heat insulating container 220 by radiation. Accordingly, the amount of heat conducted from the reaction device main body 211 to the heat insulating container 220 via the first connection portion 112 is suppressed, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature reaction portion 215 is prevented from rising more than necessary due to heat transfer from the high temperature reaction portion 217. Thus, the temperature of the intermediate temperature reaction unit 215 can be properly maintained.

  Similarly to the first embodiment, the radiation transmission window 260 selects, in the water tank 261, radiation in a wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the water absorption coefficient among the radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 217a. Therefore, it is possible to suppress emission of radiation in these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 200. Thereby, it can suppress giving a user discomfort by the radiation of these wavelength ranges corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water being absorbed by skin.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the catalytic combustor 209 is disposed in the vicinity of the second container 250, or contacted or joined, and the heat generated in the fuel cell stack 240 and the catalytic combustor 209 is the second It is easy to conduct to the container 250. The radiation heat dissipation film 217 a is provided in a portion corresponding to the catalytic combustor 209 in the second container 250. With these configurations, the heat generated in the fuel cell stack 240 and the catalyst combustor 209 is easily conducted to the radiation heat dissipation film 217a in the second container 250, and as a result, the fuel cell stack 240 and the catalyst. The amount of heat radiated and radiated from the combustor 209 to the outside of the heat insulating container 220 can be increased.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing an electronic apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 25 is a perspective view of the reactor 310A, FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to the XXVI-XXVI cutting line of FIG. 25, and FIG. 27 is a view taken along arrow XXVII of FIG. Hereinafter, differences of the third embodiment from the third embodiment will be described, and the same configurations as those of the third embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the last two digits and description thereof will be omitted.

The fuel cell stack 340 is a solid oxide type, and is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cells 340A, 340B, 340C, and 340D. As in the second embodiment, the carbon monoxide remover is not used in the reactor 310A.
In FIG. 24, only a single fuel cell 340A is shown among the plurality of fuel cells 340A, 340B, 340C, and 340D, and the alphabet at the end of the reference numerals is omitted.

Hereinafter, reactions that occur in the single fuel battery cell 340 and the catalytic combustor 309 will be described.
The fuel cell 340 includes an electrolyte 341, a fuel electrode 342 (anode) and an oxygen electrode 343 (cathode) formed on both surfaces of the electrolyte 341, and a fuel supply channel 344 a that supplies a reformed gas to the fuel electrode 342. The fuel electrode separator 344 and the oxygen electrode separator 345 provided with an oxygen supply channel 345a for supplying oxygen to the oxygen electrode 343 are stacked.

The electrolyte 341 transmits oxygen ions but does not pass oxygen molecules, hydrogen molecules, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and electrons.
The reformed gas is sent to the fuel electrode 342 via the fuel supply channel 344a. In the fuel electrode 342, the reactions shown in the following electrochemical reaction formulas (9) and (10) by hydrogen in the reformed gas, carbon monoxide, and oxygen ions that have passed through the electrolyte 341 occur.
H ₂ + O ²⁻ → H ₂ O + 2e ⁻ (9)
CO + O ²⁻ → CO ₂ + 2e ⁻ (10)
The generated electrons are supplied to the anode output electrode 346. Unreacted reformed gas (off-gas) is supplied to the catalytic combustor 309.

Oxygen (air) heated by the first heat exchanger 307 and the second heat exchanger 308 is supplied to the oxygen electrode 343 via the oxygen supply channel 345a. In the oxygen electrode 343, a reaction represented by the following electrochemical reaction formula (11) occurs due to oxygen and electrons supplied from the cathode output electrode 347.
1 / 2O ₂ + 2e ⁻ → O ²⁻ (11)
The generated oxygen ions pass through the electrolyte 341 and are supplied to the fuel electrode 342. Unreacted oxygen (air) is supplied to the catalytic combustor 309.

In the catalytic combustor 309, the off gas that has passed through the fuel supply channel 344a and the oxygen (air) that has passed through the oxygen supply channel 345a are mixed, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the off gas are combusted. The combustion heat is used to heat the fuel cell stack 340.
The exhaust gas (mixed gas of water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide) of the catalytic combustor 309 is discharged after releasing heat in the second heat exchanger 308 and the first heat exchanger 307.

  In the present embodiment, the high-temperature reaction unit 317 in which the fuel cell stack 340 and the catalyst combustor 309 are integrated is maintained at about 800 to 1000 ° C. by the electric heater / temperature sensor 357 and the catalyst combustor 309.

  As shown in FIG. 26, in the reactor 310A, a radiation heat dissipation film 317a is provided in the high temperature reaction section 317, and a radiation transmission window 360A is provided in a portion of the heat insulating container 320 facing the radiation heat dissipation film 317a. . Since the radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 317a passes through the radiation transmission window 360A, a part of the heat generated in the high temperature reaction unit 317 is released to the outside of the heat insulating container 320 by radiation. Therefore, the amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body 311 to the heat insulating container 320 via the first connecting portion 312 is suppressed, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature reaction portion 315 is prevented from rising more than necessary due to heat transfer from the high temperature reaction portion 317. Thus, the temperature of the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315 can be properly maintained.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 26, a radiation heat radiation film 315a is provided in the intermediate temperature reaction portion 315, and a radiation transmission window 360B is provided in a portion of the heat insulation container 320 facing the radiation heat radiation film 315a. ing. Since radiation from the radiation heat radiation film 315a passes through the radiation transmission window 360B, part of the heat generated in the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315 is released to the outside of the heat insulating container 320 by radiation. Therefore, the amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body 311 to the heat insulating container 320 via the first connection part 312 is suppressed, and the temperature of the low temperature reaction part 313 is prevented from rising more than necessary due to heat transfer from the intermediate temperature reaction part 315. Therefore, the temperature of the low temperature reaction part 313 can be maintained appropriately.

  Similarly to the first and second embodiments, the radiation transmission windows 360A and 360B are wavelength regions including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the water absorption coefficient among the radiation from the radiation heat radiation films 317a and 315a. Is selectively absorbed by the water tanks 361 and 361, so that emission of these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 300 can be suppressed. Moreover, it can suppress giving a user a discomfort by the radiation of these wavelength ranges corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water being absorbed by skin by this.

  The water circulated through the radiation transmission windows 360A and 360B may be circulated through each of the plurality of water circulation channels 373, or the water circulation channel 373 is provided so that the radiation transmission windows 360A and 360B are continuous. You may let them. In the case where the water ring flow path is provided so that the radiation transmission windows 360A and 360B are continuous, the water pump 372 so that the water that has passed through the lower temperature radiation transmission window 360B is supplied to the higher temperature radiation transmission window 360A. Is preferably driven.

  Furthermore, also in this embodiment, the catalytic combustor 309 is disposed in the vicinity of the second container 350, or is contacted or joined, so that the heat generated in the fuel cell stack 340 and the catalytic combustor 309 is the second It is easy to conduct to the container 350. The radiation heat dissipation film 317 a is provided in a portion corresponding to the catalytic combustor 309 in the second container 350. With these configurations, the heat generated in the fuel cell stack 340 and the catalyst combustor 309 is easily conducted to the radiation heat radiation film 317a in the second container 350, and as a result, the fuel cell stack 340 and the catalyst. The amount of heat radiated and radiated from the combustor 309 to the outside of the heat insulating container 320 can be increased.

In the above embodiment, the radiation heat radiation films 315a and 317a are provided in both the intermediate temperature reaction portion 315 and the high temperature reaction portion 317, but only one of them may be provided. Further, only one of the radiation transmitting windows 360A and 360B facing the radiation heat radiation film provided may be provided.
In addition, radiation heat radiation films 315a and 317a are provided on the surfaces of the medium temperature reaction part 315 and the high temperature reaction part 317 on which the heater / temperature sensors 355 and 357 are provided, respectively, and the radiation transmission windows 325 and 327 are provided so as to face each other. May be. Alternatively, the radiation heat radiation film 317a may be provided on the surface opposite to the side where the catalytic combustor 309a is provided in the high temperature reaction section 317, and the radiation transmission window 327 may be provided so as to face the radiation radiation film 317a. As a result, the temperature distribution in the high temperature reaction section 317 can be made more uniform.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view showing an example of an electronic apparatus 300 according to this embodiment. Note that the electronic device 300 illustrated in FIG. 28 is a laptop personal computer. As shown in FIG. 28, the reaction device 310 </ b> A is attached to the back side of the electronic device 300, and the radiation transmission windows 360 </ b> A and 360 </ b> B are provided along the outer peripheral surface of the electronic device 300. For this reason, since the radiation radiated from the radiation heat radiation films 317a and 315a is transmitted through the radiation transmission windows 360A and 360B and emitted to the outside, the heat transfer due to the radiation to the electronic device main body 301 is suppressed, and the electronic device The temperature rise of the main body 301 can be suppressed. In this case, since it is only necessary to suppress heat transfer to the electronic device main body 301, the radiation transmission windows 360A and 360B do not necessarily need to be disposed on the outermost surface of the electronic device 300, and are provided at positions that are recessed or protrude from the outermost surface. May be. Moreover, since the radiation transmission windows 360 </ b> A and 360 </ b> B are provided in the rearward direction, it is possible to suppress the emission of radiation toward the user who is using the electronic device 300.
Next, a modification of the third embodiment will be described.

<Modification 1>
FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 26 showing a reaction apparatus 310B according to a first modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 30 is a view taken along arrow XXX in FIG. The perspective view is the same as that in FIG. Moreover, about the structure similar to 310 A of reactors, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, a radiation radiating film 316 a is provided on the third connecting portion 316, and a radiation transmitting window 360 C having a water tank 361 in which water is stored in a portion facing the radiation radiating film 316 a of the heat insulating container 320. It may be provided. Here, it is preferable to drive the water pump 372 so that the water supplied to the radiation transmission window 360C flows from the low temperature side to the high temperature side.
A part of the amount of heat conducted from the high temperature reaction part 317 to the third connection part 316 is radiated from the radiation heat radiation film 316a and released from the radiation transmission window 360C to the outside of the heat insulating container 320, and therefore via the first connection part 312. The amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body 311 to the heat insulating container 320 is suppressed, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315 is prevented from rising more than necessary due to heat transfer from the third connection unit 316, and the temperature of the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315 is increased. It can be maintained properly.

  Also in this modification, in order to selectively absorb the radiation wavelength component in the wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water among the radiation rays in the water tank 361, the radiation through the radiation transmission window 360 </ b> C. Radiation including an absorption wavelength component of water that can suppress emission of radiation in these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 300 is not emitted. As a result, since the human body contains a lot of water, it may feel uncomfortable when the user is irradiated with radiation that includes wavelength components in these wavelength regions corresponding to the peak of the water absorption coefficient. However, it is possible to prevent the user from feeling uncomfortable by absorbing the absorption wavelength component of water.

<Modification 2>
FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 26 showing a reaction apparatus 310C according to a second modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 32 is a view taken along arrow XXXII in FIG. The perspective view is the same as that in FIG. Moreover, about the structure similar to 310 A of reactors, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the last 2 digits and description is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 31, even if a radiation radiating film 314 a is provided in the second connecting portion 314, and a radiation transmission window 360 D having a water tank 361 in which water is stored is provided in a portion facing the radiation radiating film 314 a of the heat insulating container 320. Good. Here, it is preferable to drive the water pump 372 so that the water supplied to the radiation transmission window 360D flows from the low temperature side to the high temperature side.
A part of the amount of heat conducted from the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315 to the second connection unit 314 is radiated from the radiation heat dissipation film 314a and released from the radiation transmission window 360D to the outside of the heat insulating container 320, and therefore via the first connection unit 312. The amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body 311 to the heat insulating container 320 can be suppressed, and the temperatures of the low temperature reaction unit 313, the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315, and the high temperature reaction unit 317 can be appropriately maintained.

  Also in this modification, as in the first modification, in order to selectively absorb the radiation in the wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water in the water tank 361, the radiation transmission window 360C is provided. Thus, it is possible to suppress the emission of radiation in these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 300. Thereby, it can suppress giving a user discomfort by the radiation of these wavelength ranges corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water being absorbed by skin.

<Modification 3>
33 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 26 showing a reaction apparatus 310D according to a third modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 34 is a view taken along arrow XXXIV in FIG. The perspective view is the same as that in FIG. Moreover, about the structure similar to 310 A of reactors, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 33, even if a radiation radiating film 312a is provided in the first connecting portion 312 and a radiation transmission window 360E having a water tank 361 in which water is stored is provided in a portion of the heat insulating container 320 facing the radiation radiating film 312a. Good. Here, it is preferable to drive the water pump 372 so that the water supplied to the radiation transmission window 360E flows from the low temperature side to the high temperature side.
A part of the amount of heat conducted from the low temperature reaction part 313 to the first connection part 312 is radiated from the radiation heat radiation film 312a and released from the radiation transmission window 360E to the outside of the heat insulating container 320, and therefore via the first connection part 312. The amount of heat conducted from the reactor main body 311 to the heat insulating container 320 is suppressed, and the temperature of the low temperature reaction unit 313 is prevented from rising more than necessary due to heat transfer from the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315, so that the temperature of the low temperature reaction unit 313 is appropriate. Can be maintained.

  Also in this modification, as in the first modification, in order to selectively absorb the radiation in the wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water in the water tank 361, the radiation transmission window 360C is provided. Thus, it is possible to suppress the emission of radiation in these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 300. Thereby, it can suppress giving a user discomfort by the radiation of these wavelength ranges corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water being absorbed by skin.

<Modification 4>
FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 26 showing a reaction apparatus 310E according to a fourth modification of the present embodiment, and FIG. 36 is a view taken along arrow XXXVI in FIG. The perspective view is the same as that in FIG. Moreover, about the structure similar to 310 A of reactors, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is omitted.
In this modification, as shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. 36, the radiation output films 346a and 347a are provided on the anode output electrode 346 and the cathode output electrode 347, and the portions of the heat insulating container 320 facing the radiation heat dissipation films 346a and 347a are provided. Radiation transmission windows 360F and 360G having water tanks 361 in which water is stored are provided. In FIG. 35, the cathode output electrode 347 and the radiation transmission window 360G are not shown.
In addition, it is preferable to drive the water pump 372 so that the water supplied to the radiation transmission windows 360F and 360G flows from the low temperature side to the high temperature side.

  Also in this modification, as in the first modification, in order to selectively absorb the radiation in the wavelength region including about 3 μm and about 6 μm corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water in the water tank 361, the radiation transmission window 360C is provided. Thus, it is possible to suppress the emission of radiation in these wavelength regions to the outside of the electronic device 300. Thereby, it can suppress giving a user discomfort by the radiation of these wavelength ranges corresponding to the peak of the absorption coefficient of water being absorbed by skin.

When radiating and radiating heat from the anode output electrode 346 and the cathode output electrode 347, the following advantages are considered.
First, a part of the amount of heat conducted from the high temperature reaction section 317 to the anode output electrode 346 and the cathode output electrode 347 is radiated from the radiation heat radiation films 346a and 347a and is released to the outside of the heat insulating container 320 from the radiation transmission windows 360F and 360G. Therefore, the amount of heat conducted from the reaction device main body 311 to the heat insulating container 320 through the first connection portion 312, the anode output electrode 346 and the cathode output electrode 347 is suppressed, and the low temperature reaction portion 313, the intermediate temperature reaction portion 315, and the high temperature reaction portion 317. The temperature can be properly maintained.

  In addition, when radiation is radiated from the high temperature reaction unit 317, the intermediate temperature reaction unit 315, and the low temperature reaction unit 313 that perform the reaction, it is necessary to make the temperature in each reaction unit uniform. It was necessary to arrange a heat dissipation film and a radiation heat dissipation window. On the other hand, since the anode output electrode 346 and the cathode output electrode 347 are not required to have uniform temperature inside, unlike the above-described reaction parts, any region of the electrodes may be used as a radiation heat radiation region. Accordingly, design restrictions when forming the radiation heat radiation films 346a and 347a and the radiation heat radiation windows 360F and 360G are reduced. In particular, in a portable electronic device, it is considered that the design restriction is that radiation and heat release to the user is not possible. Therefore, this embodiment is desirable in that the design restriction can be reduced.

  Furthermore, if the anode output electrode 346 and the cathode output electrode 347 are made thinner or longer in order to reduce the amount of heat transfer to the heat insulating container 320, the electric resistance of each electrode increases, and the power generation efficiency decreases. However, by radiating and radiating heat from each electrode, the amount of heat transferred to the heat insulating container 320 can be reduced while maintaining the low electrical resistance and high power generation efficiency without changing the shape of each electrode.

  In the fourth modification, the radiation heat dissipation films 346a and 347a are provided on the lower surface of the electrode, and the radiation heat dissipation windows 360F and 360G are also provided on the lower surface of the reaction device 310E. You may make it provide 347a and the radiation radiation | emission window 360F, 360G in another surface. Alternatively, only one of the radiation heat radiation films 346a and 347a may be provided, and only one of the radiation radiation windows 360F and 360G facing each other may be provided.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications. For example, any two or more of the radiation heat dissipation films 312a, 313a, 314a, 315a, 316a, 317a, 346a, and 347a may be provided. . In that case, it is necessary to provide the radiation transmission windows 360A to 360G facing each other.

1 is a block diagram showing an electronic device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a perspective view of a reaction device 110. FIG. It is a schematic cross section corresponding to the III-III cutting line of FIG. FIG. 4 is a view taken along arrow IV in FIG. 2. It is a graph which shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance of Au, Al, Ag, Cu, and Rh used as the material candidate of the radiation prevention film 111a and the reflective film 121a. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the transmittance | permeability of the substance used as the candidate of the material of the radiation transmission windows 23 and 25, and the wavelength of light. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the transmittance | permeability of the substance used as the candidate of the material of the radiation transmission windows 23 and 25, and the wavelength of light. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the penetration depth with respect to human skin, and a wavelength. It is a graph which shows the wavelength dependence of the radiation intensity in predetermined temperature. It is a graph which shows the wavelength dependence of the absorption coefficient of water. It is a graph which shows the absorption intensity which multiplied the radiation intensity and the absorption coefficient in predetermined temperature. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a radiation transmission window 160. FIG. It is XIII-XIII arrow sectional drawing of FIG. It is a spectrum which shows the light transmittance by the wavelength of light for every thickness of a water layer. It is a figure which shows the spectrum of the radiation from the 800 degreeC black body, and the spectrum of the light which permeate | transmitted the 5-micrometer-thick water tank among the radiation from a 800 degreeC black body. It is a figure which shows the spectrum of the radiation from a 400 degreeC black body, and the spectrum of the light which permeate | transmitted the 5-micrometer-thick water tank among the radiation from a 400 degreeC black body. It is a plane sectional view showing other examples of water tank 161. It is a plane sectional view showing other examples of water tank 161. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a form of the water tank 161. It is a block diagram which shows the electronic device 200 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 2 is a perspective view of a reaction device 210. FIG. It is a schematic cross section corresponding to the XXII-XXII cutting line of FIG. It is a XXIII arrow line view of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the electronic device 300 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 2 is a perspective view of a reaction device 310. FIG. It is a schematic cross section corresponding to the XXVI-XXVI cutting line of FIG. It is XXVII arrow line view of FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of a form of electronic device 300. FIG. 27 is a schematic view similar to FIG. 26 showing a reaction apparatus 310B according to a first modification. It is a XXX arrow line view of FIG. FIG. 27 is a schematic view similar to FIG. 26 showing a reaction apparatus 310C according to a second modification. It is a XXXII arrow line view of FIG. It is a schematic diagram similar to FIG. 26 which shows reaction apparatus 310D which concerns on a 3rd modification. It is a XXXIV arrow directional view of FIG. It is a schematic diagram similar to FIG. 26 which shows the reaction apparatus 310E which concerns on a 4th modification. It is a XXXVI arrow line view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

110, 210, 310A to 310E Reactor 111, 211, 311 Reactor main body 120, 220, 320 Thermal insulation container 160, 260, 360A to 360G Radiation transmission window 100, 200, 300 Electronic device 130, 230, 330 Fuel cell device 140 , 240, 340 Fuel cells

Claims (12)

A reactor main body having a reaction part with which a reactant reacts;
A first container for containing the reactor main body,
The first container has a radiation transmission region that transmits radiation from the reactor main body,
A reactor comprising a water tank in which water is accommodated in the radiation transmission region.   The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the water tank selectively absorbs radiation in a wavelength region including 3 μm and 6 μm.   2. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the depth in the traveling direction of the radiation is 3 μm to 10 μm in at least a part of the water tank.   2. The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water is accommodated so that a thickness in a traveling direction of the radiation is 3 μm to 10 μm in at least a partial region in the water tank.   A water ring channel for circulating water in the water tank; a water tank connected to the water ring channel for storing water; and a water pump for circulating water in the water tank to the water ring channel. The reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reaction apparatus is characterized. The reaction apparatus main body has two or more reaction parts that react with each other at different temperatures.
The first container has two or more radiation transmission regions each provided with a water tank in which water is stored while being opposed to the two or more reaction parts,
The water in the water tank is supplied by the water pump to the water tank that is disposed so as to face the higher temperature side reaction section, after passing through the water tank that is disposed facing the lower temperature side reaction section. The reaction apparatus according to claim 5. The reaction apparatus main body has a connecting part through which a reaction product reacted in the reaction part or a product generated in the reaction part flows.
The first container has a radiation transmission region provided with a water tank disposed opposite to the connecting portion and containing water,
The reaction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein water in the water tank flows from a low temperature side to a high temperature side by the water pump.   The reaction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a radiation heat radiating film is provided on the surface of the water tank to dissipate the amount of heat absorbed by water in the water tank.   The reaction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reaction unit includes a fuel battery cell that generates electric power by reaction of a reactant. A reaction device main body including a reaction unit including a fuel cell that generates electric power by reaction of a reactant, and an output electrode that transmits electric power of the fuel cell,
A first container having a radiation transmission region that contains the reaction apparatus main body and transmits radiation from the reaction apparatus main body;
The radiation transmitting region is provided with a water tank that is disposed opposite to the output electrode and contains water,
The water in the water tank flows from the low temperature side to the high temperature side by a water pump for sending water. Reactor according to claim 9 or 10,
An electronic device comprising: an electronic device main body driven by electric power of the fuel cell. Reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A fuel battery cell that generates power using the fuel supplied from the reactor main body;
An electronic device comprising: an electronic device main body driven by electric power of the fuel cell.

Images