JP2009286389A - Internal combustion engine for marine vessel - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine for marine vessel Download PDF

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JP2009286389A
JP2009286389A JP2009111304A JP2009111304A JP2009286389A JP 2009286389 A JP2009286389 A JP 2009286389A JP 2009111304 A JP2009111304 A JP 2009111304A JP 2009111304 A JP2009111304 A JP 2009111304A JP 2009286389 A JP2009286389 A JP 2009286389A
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internal combustion
combustion engine
ship
control device
drive
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JP5334669B2 (en
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Georg Tinschmann
ゲオルク・ティンシュマン
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel SE
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/14—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven relating to internal-combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal combustion engine for a marine vessel responding to a request to exhaust gas emitted in driving. <P>SOLUTION: This invention relates to the internal combustion engine for the marine vessel with a control device 2 for executing open loop control and/or close loop control with respect to the drive of the internal combustion engine 1. The position of the marine vessel with the internal combustion engine is calculated by a device 3 for determining the position of the marine vessel. A drive setting parameter stored in a data bank 4 is searched relative to each position of the marine vessel by the control device 2 based on the position of the marine vessel, and the drive setting parameter of the internal combustion engine 1 is determined. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、請求項１のおいて書きに記載の船舶用内燃機関に関する。   The present invention relates to a marine internal combustion engine according to claim 1.

船舶においては、船舶用内燃機関として、典型的に大型ディーゼル機関が用いられる。船舶用内燃機関の駆動に対する要求、特に船舶用内燃機関を駆動するために使用される燃料の許容硫黄含有量、および駆動時に発生する排出値に対する要求が、ますます厳しくなり、かつ地域によって異なることが、今後見込まれる。すでにバルト海および北海では、一定の割合の硫黄を含む燃料しか、船舶用内燃機関の駆動に使用することが許されていない。これに対し大西洋と太平洋では、より多い硫黄含有量が認められている。さらに、船舶が沿岸地域あるいは港湾において駆動される場合には、燃料の硫黄含有量に関しても、窒素酸化物の排出量に関しても、厳しい制限値を守る必要がある。船舶もしくは船舶用内燃機関の駆動時には、各国規定や制限値、特に使用される燃料の硫黄含有量および許容排出量のための規定や制限値が守られることが、常に保証されなくてはならない。各国規定や制限値の遵守はこれまで、乗組員の注意や手腕に委ねられてきた。国によって相違する規定が増加するにつれ、意図せず船舶の内燃機関が駆動パラメータで駆動され、当該駆動パラメータによって、たとえば燃料の許容硫黄含有量および許容排出量に関する各国規定が遵守されない危険がある。それゆえ、各国規定遵守の下、船舶用内燃機関の効率的な駆動が、安全かつ確実に保証され得るような船舶用内燃機関が必要である。   In a ship, a large diesel engine is typically used as a ship internal combustion engine. The demands for driving marine internal combustion engines, especially the allowable sulfur content of the fuel used to drive marine internal combustion engines, and the emission values generated during driving are becoming increasingly stringent and vary from region to region. However, it is expected in the future. Already in the Baltic and North Seas, only fuels containing a certain percentage of sulfur are allowed to be used to drive marine internal combustion engines. In contrast, higher sulfur content has been observed in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Furthermore, when a ship is driven in a coastal area or a harbor, it is necessary to observe strict limits regarding the sulfur content of fuel and the emission of nitrogen oxides. When driving a ship or an internal combustion engine for a ship, it must always be ensured that the regulations and limits of each country, in particular the regulations and limits for the sulfur content and allowable emissions of the fuel used, are observed. Until now, compliance with national regulations and limits has been left to the attention and skill of the crew. As regulations differing from country to country increase, there is a risk that the internal combustion engine of the ship is unintentionally driven with drive parameters, and for example, the country regulations relating to the allowable sulfur content and the allowable emission of fuel are not complied with. Therefore, there is a need for a marine internal combustion engine that can safely and reliably ensure efficient driving of the marine internal combustion engine under compliance with national regulations.

上記のことから、本発明の課題は、新式の船舶用内燃機関を提供することにある。   In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a new type of internal combustion engine for ships.

当該課題は、請求項１に記載の船舶用内燃機関によって解決される。本発明に従えば、船舶用内燃機関を備える船舶の位置を決定するための装置が船舶の位置を算出し、当該船舶の位置に基づいて制御装置が、船舶用内燃機関の駆動設定パラメータを決定する。   This problem is solved by the marine internal combustion engine according to claim 1. According to the present invention, an apparatus for determining the position of a ship equipped with an internal combustion engine for a ship calculates the position of the ship, and the control apparatus determines a drive setting parameter for the internal combustion engine for the ship based on the position of the ship. To do.

本発明に係る船舶用内燃機関においては、制御装置が、算出された船舶の位置に基づいて、船舶用内燃機関の駆動設定パラメータを決定し、しかも、船舶用内燃機関の駆動を規制する各国規定および法律が遵守されるように、駆動設定パラメータを決定する。   In the marine internal combustion engine according to the present invention, the control device determines the drive setting parameter of the marine internal combustion engine based on the calculated position of the marine vessel, and further regulates the driving of the marine internal combustion engine. And determine drive setting parameters so that the law is complied with.

このとき駆動設定パラメータとして、特に船舶用内燃機関の駆動に使用される燃料に対して許容された硫黄含有量および許容排出制限値が決定される。その際当該駆動設定パラメータに応じて駆動モードが決定され、当該駆動モードで、各国規定遵守の下、経済的もしくは効率的な船舶用内燃機関の駆動が可能となる。   At this time, the sulfur content and the allowable emission limit value allowed for the fuel used for driving the marine internal combustion engine are determined as drive setting parameters. At that time, the drive mode is determined according to the drive setting parameter, and in this drive mode, the marine internal combustion engine can be driven economically or efficiently in compliance with the regulations of each country.

本発明の好ましいさらなる形態は、従属請求項と以下の記述とから明らかとなる。本発明の実施例は、図に基づいて詳述されるが、これに限定されるものではない。以下、図面について説明する。   Preferred further forms of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but are not limited thereto. The drawings will be described below.

本発明に係る船舶用内燃機関の制御装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the control apparatus of the ship internal combustion engine which concerns on this invention.

図１は、非常に概略化されているが、船舶用内燃機関１を示している。当該船舶用内燃機関１は典型的に、燃料として重油が使われる大型ディーゼル機関のことである。船舶用内燃機関１には制御装置２が配設されており、当該制御装置２は船舶用内燃機関１の駆動を開ループ制御および／あるいは閉ループ制御し、しかも制御装置２によって設定された駆動パラメータに基づいて制御する。   FIG. 1 shows a marine internal combustion engine 1 which is highly schematic. The marine internal combustion engine 1 is typically a large diesel engine in which heavy oil is used as a fuel. A control device 2 is disposed in the marine internal combustion engine 1, and the control device 2 performs open-loop control and / or closed-loop control of driving of the marine internal combustion engine 1, and drive parameters set by the control device 2. Control based on.

本発明に係る船舶用内燃機関においては、当該船舶用内燃機関を備える船舶の位置を決定するための装置３が船舶の位置を算出し、当該船舶の位置に基づいて制御装置２が、船舶用内燃機関１の駆動設定パラメータを決定する。船舶の位置を決定する装置３は、好適には衛星によるナビゲーションシステムのことである。   In the internal combustion engine for a ship according to the present invention, the device 3 for determining the position of the ship equipped with the internal combustion engine for the ship calculates the position of the ship, and the control device 2 uses the position for the ship based on the position of the ship. A drive setting parameter of the internal combustion engine 1 is determined. The device 3 for determining the position of the ship is preferably a satellite navigation system.

装置３によって算出された船舶の位置に基づいて、制御装置２が、それぞれの船舶の位置に対してデータバンク４に格納されている駆動設定パラメータを検索する。当該駆動設定パラメータは、船舶用内燃機関の駆動のための各国規定と法律とを考慮したものである。図１において破線で描かれているように、データバンク４は好適には、リモートアクセスを介して、装置８からアップデート可能であり、装置８はたとえばコンピュータのデータバンクであってよく、船会社にある当該データバンクには、船会社のすべての船舶のために一括して、船舶用内燃機関の駆動のための各国規定と法律が格納されている。   Based on the ship positions calculated by the device 3, the control device 2 searches the drive setting parameters stored in the data bank 4 for each ship position. The drive setting parameter takes into account national regulations and laws for driving a marine internal combustion engine. As depicted by the dashed lines in FIG. 1, the data bank 4 is preferably updatable from the device 8 via remote access, which may be a computer data bank, for example, to the shipping company. A certain data bank stores national regulations and laws for driving an internal combustion engine for a ship collectively for all ships of a shipping company.

船舶の位置に基づいて決定された駆動設定パラメータは、本発明の第１のヴァリエーションにおいては、表示装置５で船舶の操作要員にとって視覚化可能であり、それによって操作要員は、算出された駆動設定パラメータに基づいて、船舶用内燃機関の駆動を適応させる。   In the first variation of the present invention, the drive setting parameter determined based on the position of the ship can be visualized by the display device 5 for the ship operating personnel so that the operating personnel can calculate the drive setting calculated. Adapt the drive of the marine internal combustion engine based on the parameters.

しかしながら好ましいのは、制御装置２が、自動的に船舶用内燃機関１の駆動を適応させるために、算出された船舶の位置に基づいて決定された駆動設定パラメータを使用するようなヴァリエーションである。   However, a variation is preferred in which the control device 2 uses drive setting parameters determined on the basis of the calculated ship position in order to automatically adapt the drive of the ship internal combustion engine 1.

好適には制御装置２が、装置３によって決定された船舶の位置に基づき、データバンク４との調整によって、船舶用内燃機関の駆動に許容された燃料の硫黄含有量および許容排出値を決定する。   Preferably, the control device 2 determines the sulfur content and the allowable emission value of the fuel allowed to drive the marine internal combustion engine by adjusting with the data bank 4 based on the position of the vessel determined by the device 3. .

上記の値から、制御装置２は、船舶用内燃機関１のための駆動モードを決定し、当該駆動モードは、燃料の許容硫黄含有量および許容排出値を守りつつ、船舶用内燃機関１の効率的かつ経済的な駆動を可能にする。このとき、同時にその地域あるいは区域の規定を守る、最も経済的な駆動モードが提案される。既述のように、その際好適には、船舶用内燃機関１の駆動モードが、自動的に船舶用内燃機関１の駆動のために用いられる。   From the above values, the control device 2 determines a driving mode for the marine internal combustion engine 1, and the driving mode protects the allowable sulfur content and the allowable emission value of the fuel while maintaining the efficiency of the marine internal combustion engine 1. Enabling efficient and economical driving. At this time, the most economical driving mode that simultaneously observes the regulations of the region or area is proposed. As already described, the drive mode of the marine internal combustion engine 1 is preferably used for driving the marine internal combustion engine 1 automatically.

本発明の有利なさらなる形態に従えば、記憶装置２は、所定の駆動時間にわたって算出された船舶の位置と、当該船舶の位置に応じて算出された駆動設定パラメータと、実際に船舶用内燃機関１を駆動するために用いられた駆動実パラメータとを、メモリ６に記憶する。   According to an advantageous further form of the invention, the storage device 2 comprises a ship position calculated over a predetermined drive time, a drive setting parameter calculated according to the position of the ship, and an internal combustion engine for the ship. The actual driving parameters used for driving 1 are stored in the memory 6.

これにより場合によっては、船舶の内燃機関が、常に各国規定、特に各国の排出量規定を遵守して駆動されたという証明が、官庁に対してなされ得る。その場合、図１に破線で描かれているように、リモートアクセスを介し、装置８によってメモリ６が読み取られることが可能である。   Thereby, in some cases, it can be proved to the government that the internal combustion engine of the ship has always been driven in compliance with the regulations of each country, in particular the emissions regulations of each country. In that case, the memory 6 can be read by the device 8 via remote access, as depicted in broken lines in FIG.

本発明の有利なさらなる形態に従えば、船舶用内燃機関１の駆動は、少なくとも１つのセンサー７によって監視されており、しかも、制御装置２によって算出されかつ船舶用内燃機関１の駆動のために設定された駆動モードにおいて、船舶の位置に応じた許容排出値が実際に守られているかどうか、監視されている。もしこのときに、許容排出値が守られていないと確認されたならば、本発明にしたがって制御装置２は駆動モードを自動的に適応させ、船舶の位置に応じた許容排出値がその後守られるようにする。   According to an advantageous further embodiment of the invention, the drive of the marine internal combustion engine 1 is monitored by at least one sensor 7 and is calculated by the control device 2 and for driving the marine internal combustion engine 1. In the set drive mode, it is monitored whether the allowable discharge value according to the position of the ship is actually observed. If it is confirmed that the allowable discharge value is not observed at this time, the control device 2 automatically adapts the drive mode according to the present invention, and the allowable discharge value corresponding to the position of the ship is subsequently observed. Like that.

センサーを介して排出量をコントロールする代わりに、船舶の位置に応じて算出される駆動モードで生じる排出値を、アルゴリズムを介して計算で評価し、その評価に応じて駆動モードの適応を行うことも可能である。   Instead of controlling the emissions via sensors, the emission values generated in the drive mode calculated according to the position of the ship are evaluated by calculation via an algorithm, and the drive mode is adapted accordingly. Is also possible.

アルゴリズムは、センサー信号の妥当性を検証することにも利用できる（故障診断装置）。   The algorithm can also be used to verify the validity of the sensor signal (fault diagnostic device).

本発明のさらなる有利な形態に従えば、船舶の位置に基づいて算出された駆動設定パラメータが、制御装置２によって実際に船舶用内燃機関１の駆動のために用いられているかどうか、すなわち、駆動実パラメータが、船舶の位置に応じて算出された駆動設定パラメータに対応しているかどうかを、制御装置２が監視することも可能である。もしこのときに、駆動実パラメータが駆動設定パラメータに対応しておらず、それゆえ船舶用内燃機関の駆動が各国規定を遵守していないと確認されたならば、たとえばリモートアクセスを介して相応の通知が装置８に伝えられ、船舶もしくは船舶用内燃機関の駆動時に各国規定が遵守されていないことが、たとえば船会社に通知される。事情によっては、当該リモートアクセスを介して、自動的に各国官庁にも情報が伝えられてもよい。この場合警告通知が発せられ、表示装置５に表示されてもよい。   According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, whether the drive setting parameters calculated on the basis of the position of the ship are actually used by the control device 2 for driving the ship internal combustion engine 1, i.e. drive It is also possible for the control device 2 to monitor whether the actual parameter corresponds to the drive setting parameter calculated according to the position of the ship. If, at this time, it is determined that the actual drive parameters do not correspond to the drive setting parameters, and therefore the drive of the marine internal combustion engine does not comply with the national regulations, the corresponding A notification is transmitted to the device 8 to notify, for example, a shipping company that the regulations of each country are not observed when the ship or the internal combustion engine for ships is driven. Depending on circumstances, information may be automatically transmitted to the government offices via the remote access. In this case, a warning notification may be issued and displayed on the display device 5.

本発明によって最新の船舶の位置が常に算出され、船舶の位置に応じて、船舶の内燃機関の駆動のための駆動パラメータが算出され、船舶用内燃機関の駆動のための各国のあるいは国際的な規定を遵守することができる。好適には、算出された駆動パラメータに応じて、船舶用内燃機関の駆動が自動的に調節される。各国規定が遵守されていない場合、リモートクエリを介して船会社あるいは官庁に情報が伝えられ得る。船舶の位置および算出された駆動設定パラメータをメモリに記憶させておくことで、長期にわたり、船舶用内燃機関の駆動時に規定が遵守されたことが証明され得る。   According to the present invention, the position of the latest ship is always calculated, the drive parameters for driving the internal combustion engine of the ship are calculated according to the position of the ship, and the national or international for driving the internal combustion engine for ships is calculated. You can comply with the regulations. Preferably, the drive of the marine internal combustion engine is automatically adjusted according to the calculated drive parameter. If national regulations are not being observed, information can be communicated to shipping companies or government agencies via remote queries. By storing the position of the ship and the calculated drive setting parameters in the memory, it can be proved that the regulations were observed when the ship internal combustion engine was driven over a long period of time.

１ 船舶用内燃機関
２ 制御装置
３ 装置
４ データバンク
５ 表示装置
６ メモリ
７ センサー
８ 装置 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine for ships 2 Control apparatus 3 Apparatus 4 Data bank 5 Display apparatus 6 Memory 7 Sensor 8 apparatus

Claims (11)

船舶用内燃機関の駆動を開ループ制御および／あるいは閉ループ制御するための制御装置を有する船舶用内燃機関において、
該船舶用内燃機関を備える船舶の位置を決定するための装置（３）が船舶の位置を算出し、該船舶の位置に基づいて前記制御装置（２）が、前記船舶用内燃機関（１）の駆動設定パラメータを決定することを特徴とする船舶用内燃機関。 In a ship internal combustion engine having a control device for performing open-loop control and / or closed-loop control of driving of a ship internal combustion engine,
A device (3) for determining the position of a ship provided with the ship internal combustion engine calculates the position of the ship, and based on the position of the ship, the control device (2) converts the ship internal combustion engine (1). A marine internal combustion engine characterized by determining a drive setting parameter. 前記制御装置（２）が、決定された船舶の位置に基づいて、それぞれの船舶の位置に対してデータバンク（４）に格納されている駆動設定パラメータを検索することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The said control apparatus (2) searches the drive setting parameter stored in the data bank (4) with respect to the position of each ship based on the determined position of the ship. The internal combustion engine for ships described in 1. 前記データバンク（４）が、リモートアクセスを介してアップデート可能であることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The internal combustion engine for ships according to claim 2, characterized in that the data bank (4) can be updated via remote access. 決定された船舶の位置に基づいて決定された駆動設定パラメータが、表示装置（５）で視覚化可能であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか一項に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The ship setting parameter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drive setting parameter determined based on the determined ship position can be visualized by the display device (5). Internal combustion engine. 前記制御装置（２）が、前記船舶用内燃機関（１）の駆動モードを自動的に適応させるために、決定された船舶の位置に基づいて決定された駆動設定パラメータを用いることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のいずれか一項に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The control device (2) uses drive setting parameters determined based on the determined ship position in order to automatically adapt the drive mode of the ship internal combustion engine (1). The internal combustion engine for ships according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 前記制御装置（２）が、決定された船舶の位置に基づいて、燃料の許容硫黄含有量を決定することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項５のいずれか一項に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The ship internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control device (2) determines an allowable sulfur content of the fuel based on the determined position of the ship. organ. 前記制御装置（２）が、決定された船舶の位置に基づいて、許容排出値を決定することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項６のいずれか一項に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The internal combustion engine for a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control device (2) determines an allowable discharge value based on the determined position of the ship. 燃料の許容硫黄含有量および／あるいは許容排出値を守りつつ、前記船舶用内燃機関の経済的な駆動を可能にする駆動モードを、前記制御装置（２）が決定することを特徴とする請求項６あるいは請求項７に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The control device (2) determines a drive mode that enables economical driving of the marine internal combustion engine while protecting the allowable sulfur content and / or the allowable emission value of fuel. A marine internal combustion engine according to claim 6 or claim 7. 少なくとも１つのセンサー（７）が、算出された駆動モードで許容排出値が守られているかどうかを監視し、許容排出値が守られていないと確認されたならば、前記制御装置（２）は駆動モードを適応させることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   If at least one sensor (7) monitors whether the allowable discharge value is observed in the calculated drive mode, and if it is confirmed that the allowable discharge value is not observed, the control device (2) The internal combustion engine for ships according to claim 8, wherein the drive mode is adapted. 前記制御装置（２）が、決定された駆動設定パラメータ、特に燃料の許容硫黄含有量および／あるいは許容排出値が守られているかどうかを監視し、駆動設定パラメータが守られていないと確認されたならば、前記制御装置（２）は警告通知を発することを特徴とする請求項６あるいは請求項７に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The control device (2) monitors whether the determined drive setting parameters, in particular the permissible sulfur content and / or the permissible emission values of the fuel are observed, and it is confirmed that the drive setting parameters are not observed. If so, the internal combustion engine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the control device (2) issues a warning notice. 前記制御装置（２）は、所定の駆動時間にわたって算出された船舶の位置と、該船舶の位置に応じて算出された駆動設定パラメータと、実際に用いられた駆動実パラメータとを、メモリ（６）に記憶することを特徴とする請求項１から請求項１０のいずれか一項に記載の船舶用内燃機関。   The control device (2) stores the position of the ship calculated over a predetermined drive time, the drive setting parameters calculated according to the position of the ship, and the actual drive parameters actually used. The marine internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the marine internal combustion engine is stored.
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