JP2009272654A - Solar cell module, and recycling method of solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To give a solar cell module itself information relating recycling and reuse so as to simplify recycling and reuse. <P>SOLUTION: The solar cell module includes a light receiving glass surface 1, a light receiving surface-side sealing EVA layer 2, a solar cell 3, a rear surface-side EVA layer 4, and a rear surface sealing weatherable film 5, and a non-contact IC chip is mounted as an information holding medium 7 in a power non-generation area position 1a where the solar cell 3 is not disposed. Information relating to a recycling method for the solar cell module on which the IP chip will be mounted is written to the IC chip in advance before the mounting. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module, and more particularly to a technique for recycling and reusing a solar cell module.

  Since the solar cell module is intended to be used for a long period of time in an outdoor exposure state, it has been developed and produced with weather resistance, durability, long-term operation reliability, etc. as the primary meaning. For example, the reliability test of crystalline solar cell modules is defined in JISC8917 and IEC1215. Of course, this is clear, and each solar cell manufacturer has its own high safety margin. The aims.

  Residential solar cell modules have benefited from government assistance for private housing, which started in 1996, and the spread of environmental issues has been rising rapidly. Such rapid spread makes it possible to install a solar cell module of about 3kW that covers the standard power consumption of ordinary households on the roof of a single house, and the direct current output of the solar cell module to AC This is the result of market development efforts on the supplier side, such as the development of a high-efficiency power conditioner for conversion and the development of a solar cell module and its construction method that match the residential roof.

  On the other hand, along with the popularization of residential solar cell modules, industrial solar cell modules installed in building buildings, warehouses, gymnasiums, public buildings with a large number of people, etc. are also remarkable. Industrial power generation systems for buildings, etc. are largely due to the demand creation of the NEDO field test business started in 1992, but recently the private sector has also been introduced. . These features are that, unlike ordinary households with a power generation amount of about 3 kW, the power generation scale is as large as 10 kW or more, and the installation area is also large.

  By the way, in order to achieve the new energy introduction outline, the introduction and spread of the photovoltaic power generation system is actively promoted by the public and private sectors as described above. However, as long as it is a human-made device, it always has a lifetime and is eventually disposed of or recycled.

  The photovoltaic power generation system is still in the early stage of introduction and has a long service life, so there is little need for treatment after use at this stage. However, considering the disposal and recycling of solar cell modules in preparation for mass introduction in the future, it is an extremely important and necessary issue from the standpoint of the properties of the product.

  On the other hand, products that consider such future recycling have also been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

  The solar cell module described in Patent Document 1 is easy to separate into individual constituent materials, is easy to separate and collect, and further, individual constituent materials are easy to recycle. In particular, the recyclability of solar cell elements is considered. . Specifically, the front surface material and the back surface material are bonded in a state where the bonding can be released, and at least the surface material and the solar cell element are in close contact, or the surface material is in close contact with the solid layer, and the solid layer is in contact with the solar cell element. The solar cell element can be separated from the surface material and the back material without leaving any residue of the surface material, the back material and the solid layer on the solar cell element.

JP 2000-269535 A

  However, the contents and types of components used vary depending on the manufacturer or the structure and specifications of the solar cell module, and the recycling and reuse methods differ depending on each manufacturer or each component. there is a possibility.

  Therefore, even if the solar cell module as in Patent Document 1 is provided, when the component or structure itself of the solar cell module is not known when it is recycled or reused, it is easily separated and recycled. There was a problem that processing and reuse processing could not be performed.

  At present, recycling and reuse processing methods that can be processed with any solar cell module have not been established, and in order to know information about the processing method of each solar cell module, The reality is that you have to look into the manufacturing company and contact the manufacturing company. In addition, in the design and development stage of the solar cell module, if a member or structure that can be easily disassembled and is easily recycled or reused as described in Patent Document 1, long-term reliability may not be ensured. There is also a problem.

  In addition, there is still no clear definition of the specific and quantitative lifetime of solar cell modules. Recently, 10 years of manufacturer warranty for solar cell modules (solar cell systems) has become common, but it does not stop power generation after this period, and it is not known when the lifetime will come. is there. Furthermore, the lifetime may be different depending on the manufacturer or the structure and specifications of the solar cell module.

  Therefore, when trying to process a solar cell module that has reached the end of its life, it may be necessary to process various types of solar cell modules that have different years of use, manufacturing companies, structures, components, etc. I have to do something.

  For this reason, it is useful for the recycling process and the reuse process to be given information regarding the recycling and reuse to the solar cell module itself.

  The present invention was devised in view of such a situation, and its purpose is to provide a solar cell module in which information on recycling and reuse is given to the solar cell module itself in order to simplify recycling and reuse processing. Will provide.

  The solar cell module of the present invention is characterized by having a medium for holding information. As a method for giving information, a seal, an optical information identification pattern, a non-contact reading type information recording medium, etc. The information holding medium can be configured so that the solar cell module itself has it.

  The information written in the medium is information relating to a processing method including recycling and / or reuse of the solar cell module. Specifically, the date of manufacture of the solar cell module, the name of the manufacturer, the name of the component, and the solar cell Information related to the components of the module, including information on the classification and separation of recyclable or reusable members and non-recyclable members, recycling or reuse of recyclable or reusable members, and processing methods of non-recyclable members It is.

  In addition, the method of causing the solar cell module to hold the medium is a method of sealing inside the solar cell module, a method of applying on the solar cell module by printing or pasting, a method of applying on the constituent member. It is a feature.

  In the case of applying onto the constituent member, it can be formed at the time of forming the member, in addition to printing or pasting on the member.

  If the information holding medium is provided on the surface of the solar cell module, it is naturally possible to acquire information by visual recognition or optical reading. Further, when the seal or the optical information identification pattern is sealed inside the solar cell module as the information holding medium, or provided on the constituent member, it may not be on the surface of the solar cell module. If the structure is visible from the light incident surface of the solar cell module, information can be obtained by visual recognition or optical reading. Even if the structure is invisible, information can be held and taken out by using a non-contact reading type information recording medium as the information holding medium.

  Further, it is necessary to clearly indicate that such a solar cell module has information on recycling or reuse and where the information is stored. Because processing such as recycling or reuse is necessary after many years from manufacture, and since there are many types of solar cell modules, it is important to clearly indicate the location of such information . In addition, clearly indicating that such a product is being managed will show the superiority of the product in the future social environment. Therefore, it is important to clearly give the information holding medium so that it can be visually recognized or to give a display indicating the position of the information holding medium on the solar cell module.

  When processing the solar cell module to which information is given in this way, the information held in the information holding medium is read, and according to the read information or referring to the read information, it is simple and appropriate. Processing including recycling or reuse of the solar cell module can be performed.

  Since the solar cell module of the present invention is configured as described above, information on recycling and reuse can be given to the solar cell module itself, and information held in the information holding medium when the solar cell module is processed. By reading the above, it is possible to perform processing including recycling and reuse of a solar cell module that is simple and appropriate. In addition, it is possible to show the superiority of the product by clearly indicating that the product is managed as described above.

  Furthermore, when an information holding medium is attached on the surface of the solar cell module or when it is applied by printing, there is a possibility that peeling or damage, adhesion of dirt or dust, and printing may disappear. When sealing the media inside the solar cell module, there are no problems such as peeling or damage, adhesion of dirt and dust, and printing disappearing, and the information is retained until the solar cell module is recycled or reused. I can leave.

  Furthermore, if a non-contact reading type information recording medium is used as the information holding medium, it can be read even if there is something between the reader and the like such as dirt and dust, and in addition, recycling or reuse processing of the solar cell module Later, the information recording medium itself can also be recycled.

(A) is a top view which shows typically the structure of the solar cell module by Embodiment 1 of this invention, (b) is the same sectional drawing. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the solar cell module by Embodiment 2 of this invention. (A) is a back view which shows typically the structure of the solar cell module by Embodiment 2 of this invention, (b) is the same sectional drawing.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[Embodiment 1]
Fig.1 (a) is a top view of the solar cell module which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, The same figure (b) is the sectional drawing.

  The solar cell module shown in FIG. 1 is a crystalline solar cell module having a super straight type structure, and includes a light-receiving surface glass 1, a light-receiving surface side sealing EVA layer 2, a solar battery cell 3, and a back surface side sealing EVA. A layer 4 and a back-sealed weather-resistant film 5 are provided.

  A plurality of solar cells 3 are connected in series by the wiring material 6 and are arranged in a matrix as shown in FIG.

The solar cell module shown in FIG. 1 uses 3.2 mm-thick white plate tempered glass as the light-receiving surface glass 1, and the light-receiving surface side sealing with a thickness of 0.6 mm is provided on one side (back side) of the light-receiving surface glass 1. An EVA layer 2 is stacked, and a polycrystalline silicon solar battery cell 3 having a thickness of about 250 μm is placed thereon. Further, a non-contact type IC chip is placed as the information holding medium 7 in a non-power generation area where the solar cells 3 are not arranged, for example, at a position 1a shown in FIG.

  In this IC chip, information related to the recycling method for the solar cell module on which the IC chip is mounted is written in advance before mounting. Examples of the information include the manufacturing date of the module, the name of the manufacturer, the name of the component, the reuse method of the solar cell module, and the processing method including the raw materials and recycling of each component. The IC chip is non-volatile and relatively inexpensive. Further, a small and light battery-less type, and a proximity type with a communication distance of 30 cm or less is preferable.

  In addition, as an information holding medium other than a recording medium such as an IC chip, a sheet-like medium on which information is printed and an optical information identification pattern (bar code, two-dimensional code, etc.) can be used. Can be placed in the same manner. However, in these cases, since the amount of information that can be retained is relatively small, the code number and the like are written as information, the code number is read during the regeneration processing of the solar cell module, via the communication network, It is desirable to obtain information such as a method for reusing a solar cell module, a raw material for each constituent member, and a processing method including recycling.

  After the information holding medium 7 is placed on the laminate of the light-receiving surface glass 1 and the light-receiving surface-side sealing EVA layer 2, the back-side sealing EVA layer 4 having a thickness of 0.4 mm and the back surface sealing resistance of about 100 μm are obtained. Film (PET: polyethylene terephthalate) 5 is sequentially laminated.

  The laminated body having the material set in this way is integrated by a known sealing processing technique such as an autoclave method or a vacuum laminating method, and then module integration is performed by cross-linking the EVA of each layer.

  After the module integration processing is completed, the peripheral frame member 8 of the module and the terminal box 9 for taking out the electrical output are installed, thereby completing the solar cell module. In the solar cell module to which the first embodiment is applied, the thickness and type of the light-receiving surface glass, each EVA layer, weather resistant film, solar cell, and the like are not limited to the above numerical values. Moreover, the wiring method of a photovoltaic cell matrix is also arbitrary.

And in this Embodiment 1, when processing the solar cell module produced as mentioned above in a reproduction | regeneration processing factory after using it for a fixed period (for example, 10 years or more), IC chip mounting of the information holding medium 7 is carried out. A dedicated reader is brought close to the location, the information held in the information holding medium 7 is read, and according to the information or with reference to the information, simple and appropriate solar cell module recycling and reuse processing It can be performed.
[Embodiment 2]
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  2 and 3 (a) are plan views of the solar cell module showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 (a).

  In the second embodiment, the information holding medium is not sealed inside the solar cell module. That is, in Embodiment 2, the information holding medium 7 is provided on the surface of the manufactured solar cell module. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the solar cells 3 on the surface of the light-receiving surface glass 1 are arranged. A storage medium such as a seal or IC chip on which information or an optical information identification pattern is printed is affixed to the non-power generation area 1b that is not formed, or a code number is used as the information retention medium 7 Print a unique identification. Here, in order to clearly indicate where the information is stored, a display indicating the position of the information holding medium 7 is also attached or printed at the same time.

  In addition to attaching the information holding medium to the light-receiving surface glass, the information holding medium 7 may be similarly attached or printed on the back side of the solar cell module, that is, on the back surface sealing weather-resistant film 5 as shown in FIG. it can. Even if the solar cell module is a daylighting type and the back surface sealing weather resistant film 5 is transparent, if it is applied to the back surface of the portion where the solar cells 3 are arranged, the daylighting rate is not affected.

  And when performing the reproduction | regeneration process of the solar cell module produced in this way, the information hold | maintained at the information holding medium 7 is read, according to the information or referring to the information, a simple and appropriate solar cell Module recycling and reuse can be performed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light-receiving surface glass 2 Light-receiving surface side sealing EVA layer 3 Solar cell 4 Back surface side sealing EVA layer 5 Back surface sealing weather resistant film 6 Wiring material 7 Information holding medium 8 Peripheral frame material 9 Terminal box

Claims (7)

  A solar cell module comprising a medium for holding information. The information written in the information holding medium is used for recycling and / or recycling of the solar cell module.
Or it is the information regarding the processing method containing reuse, The solar cell module of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the information written in the information holding medium is information relating to a component member element of the solar cell module.   The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the information holding medium is sealed inside the solar cell module.   The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information holding medium is provided so as to be readable from a light incident surface of the solar cell module.   The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the information holding medium is provided so as to be visible from a light incident surface of the solar cell module.   The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a display indicating the position of the information holding medium is provided on the solar cell module.

Images