JP2009271021A - Accuracy measurement method and accuracy measurement device of vehicle body component - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an accuracy measurement device of a vehicle body component capable of easily and precisely measuring the positions of a plurality of holes. <P>SOLUTION: A frame 1 having a plurality of cab mount holes in plane view is positioned by a workpiece positioning tool 6. Measurement tools 7 having laser emitting parts 15 are individually fitted and seated to the respective cab mount holes, and are individually faced to upper laser receiving parts 8 corresponding to the respective laser emitting parts 15. Laser beams are irradiated from the respective laser emitting parts 15 to the laser receiving parts 8, and a plane coordinate position in an X-Y plane coordinate of the respective cab mount holes and a height coordinate position of opening surfaces of the respective cab mount holes in a Z direction are detected based on light receiving signal outputs of the respective laser receiving parts 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an accuracy measuring method and an accuracy measuring apparatus for a vehicle body part in which a plurality of holes are formed. For example, the three-dimensional positions of a plurality of cab mount holes formed in a frame of a vehicle with a chassis frame are in a state of a single frame. The present invention relates to an accuracy measurement method and an accuracy measurement device that are considered so that measurement can be performed inline and with high accuracy.

  When measuring a large body part, for example, a three-dimensional shape of the body itself, as described in Patent Document 1, a laser beam is directly irradiated to a measurement point of the body, and its coordinates and surface shape are determined. It is common to measure.

On the other hand, there is a demand for measuring a frame of a vehicle with a chassis frame that is not a so-called frameless vehicle (monocoque body type vehicle) by the above-described method that can be expected to be non-contact and highly accurate.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-101032

  The car frame with the chassis frame has a special feature that many cab mount brackets are welded and joined to the frame as a skeleton, and cab mount holes are formed in each cab mount bracket. Therefore, the position accuracy of each cab mount hole is functionally more important than the shape accuracy of the entire frame.

  However, when the conventional 3D measurement method is used as a premise, it is not possible to directly measure functionally important cab mount holes. After measuring some points, the position of the cab mount hole and thus the center position of the hole must be calculated from the measurement data of the plurality of points. For this reason, there is a problem that processing time becomes redundant and so-called in-line real-time measurement becomes difficult.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a problem, and intends to provide an accuracy measurement method and an accuracy measurement device for a vehicle body part that can easily and accurately measure the positions of a plurality of holes. It is.

  As represented by a frame of a vehicle with a chassis frame, the present invention relates to a vehicle body part in which a plurality of holes are formed in a plan view, the plane coordinate positions in the XY plane coordinates of the holes, and their X , And a height coordinate position of the opening surface of the hole in the Z direction orthogonal to the Y direction.

  The body parts are positioned with reference to the positioning reference portions of the body parts in the X, Y, and Z directions, and the laser is based on the inner peripheral surface of each hole and the opening surface where each hole is opened. A measuring jig equipped with a light emitting part or a laser light receiving part is individually fitted and seated in each hole and positioned, and each laser light emitting part or laser light receiving part is individually set to the corresponding laser light receiving part or laser light emitting part. Make them face up.

  Then, a laser beam is emitted from each laser light emitting portion toward the corresponding laser light receiving portion, and the plane coordinates in the XY plane coordinates of each hole based on the light reception signal output from each laser light emitting portion side. The position and the height coordinate position of the opening surface of each hole in the Z direction are detected.

  According to the present invention, the plane coordinate position in the XY plane coordinates and the height coordinate position of the opening surface of the hole are measured easily and with high accuracy for each of the plurality of holes without the need for a large-scale device. In particular, it is possible to measure a plurality of holes simultaneously in an extremely short time in an in-line manner.

  3 and subsequent drawings show a more specific embodiment of the present invention, and exemplify a case where a so-called ladder-like frame 1 of a vehicle with a chassis frame as shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a frame 1 of a vehicle with a chassis frame is a plane as a whole with a plurality of cross members 3 a to 3 g arranged in a bridging manner between a pair of left and right long side members 2 and 2. It is welded and joined so as to have a ladder shape as viewed, and in particular, a pair of left and right side members 2 having a rectangular closed cross-sectional structure is employed. A plurality of cab mount brackets 4a to 4e are welded and joined to the outer surface of each side member 2 so as to protrude in the horizontal direction, and a circular cab mount hole is formed at the center of each cab mount bracket 4a to 4e. 5a to 5e are formed. As a result, a plurality of holes are formed in the frame 1 in plan view.

  As is well known, a cab mount (rubber insulator) (not shown) is individually attached to the cab mount holes 5a to 5e, and a cabin (not shown) is also mounted on the frame 1 via the plurality of cab mounts. Will be installed. In the three-dimensional coordinate system of the frame 1, the vehicle width direction is the X direction, the front-rear direction is the Y direction, and the vertical direction is the Z direction.

  Here, since a plurality of cross members 3a to 3g and cab mount brackets 4a to 4e are welded to the pair of left and right side members 2, welding distortion occurs in the frame 1 in a later step. 1 is corrected. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively grasp the amount of distortion correction, and the positions of the respective cab mount holes 5a to 5e, which are particularly functionally important in managing the shape accuracy of the frame 1 after the distortion correction. The accuracy is measured (measured), and not only the position of the individual cab mount holes 5a to 5e and the center position of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e, but also the pitches (spans) of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e in the vehicle width direction and the front-rear direction. It is necessary to grasp P1 and P2 quantitatively.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the positions of the respective cab mount holes 5a to 5e of the frame 1 after completion of the welding assembly, that is, the plane coordinate positions of the individual cab mount holes 5a to 5e in the XY plane coordinates and the positions thereof. An apparatus that can easily and accurately measure the height coordinate positions of the opening surfaces of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e in the Z direction orthogonal to both the X and Y directions will be described.

  FIG. 3 shows an outline of a measuring apparatus that uses the frame 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as a measurement target. In general, a workpiece positioning jig 6 for positioning and supporting the measurement target frame 1 and a frame are shown. A plurality of measuring jigs 7 that are detachably mounted on 1 and individually provided with laser light emitting portions 15 described later, and above the frame 1, more specifically, on the side of the anti-positioning jig 6 of the frame 1. And a plurality of laser light receiving portions 8 arranged so as to face the laser light emitting portions 15 on the respective measuring jigs 7 side.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the workpiece positioning jig 6 has a plurality of posts 10 erected on a base 9, and a locating pin serving as a positioning reference portion as shown in FIG. 11 are protruded individually. On the other hand, the frame 1 has several reference positions shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, two front and rear positions of each side member 2 and two front and rear positions of the cross members 3b and 3g. Since the locating holes 12 are set in advance, by inserting the locating pins 11 into these locating holes 12, the frame 1 is positioned by the work positioning jig 6 using the locating holes 12 as positioning reference portions. Will be supported.

  Further, a frame-like upper beam 13 is extended from the pedestal 9 side above the workpiece positioning jig 6, and the plurality of laser light receiving portions 8 described above are individually fixed to the upper beam 13. It is supported. Since these laser light receiving portions 8 are for detecting the cab mount holes 5a to 5e on the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e side as will be described later, the light receiving surfaces thereof are the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e on the frame 1 side. As a result, it faces the cab mount holes 5a to 5e, and the center position of the light receiving surface coincides with the design drawing value position of the center position of each of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e, and the light receiving surface of each laser light receiving section 8 is The postures are adjusted in advance so that they are all on the same plane, and are individually fixed and supported on the upper beam 13 as described above.

  As described above, since the plurality of laser light receiving portions 8 are fixedly supported to the upper beam 13 on the workpiece positioning jig 6 side, each laser light receiving portion 8 has a predetermined relative positional relationship with the workpiece positioning jig 6. Will be. As a result, the position of each laser light receiving unit 8, and consequently the pitch (span) of the adjacent laser light receiving units 8 and 8 in the vehicle width direction and the front-rear direction are quantitatively grasped in advance.

  FIG. 5 shows details of three types of measurement jigs 7A to 7C as several measurement jigs 7 to be placed on the frame 1. These measuring jigs 7A to 7C are the sizes of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the sizes of the circular cab mount holes 5a to 5e formed in the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e. Since these are different from each other, the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e and the cab mount holes 5a to 5e are selectively used.

  That is, any of the measurement jigs 7A to 7C has the upper surface of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e functioning as the opening surfaces of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e as seating surfaces, and the inner circumference of each cab mount hole 5a to 5e from above. It is inserted and fitted so as to be in contact with the surface, and relative positioning with the respective cab mount holes 5a to 5e is made. Any type corresponds to the shape of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e. It is formed as a cylindrical stepped shaft or disk with a concentric seating flange 14a and an insertion shaft 14b. And the laser light emission part 15 is embed | buried concentrically with the said measurement jigs 7A-7C so that the light emission surface may face upward on the upper surface of each of the measurement jigs 7A-7C. A spot-like laser beam is irradiated upward while facing the light receiving surface of the upper laser light receiving unit 8.

  Here, the reason why the length dimensions (height dimensions) of the measuring jigs 7A to 7C are different from each other is as follows. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, since the height positions of the plurality of cab mount brackets 4a to 4e are slightly different from each other, the cab mount holes 5a to 5e of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e are different. When the corresponding measurement jigs 7A to 7C are fitted, the height position of the light emitting surface 15a of the laser light emitting unit 15 of each measurement jig 7A to 7C is the position of each cab mount bracket 4a to 4e, This is because they are positioned on substantially the same plane regardless of the types of the measuring jigs 7A to 7C.

  As a result, regardless of the height position of each of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e, the laser light emitting unit 15 and the laser light receiving unit 8 can all be handled with the same specifications. However, the effective height dimension for each measurement jig 7A to 7C (the distance from the seating surface on the seating flange portion 14a side to the light emitting surface 15a with respect to the respective cab mount brackets 4a to 4e) is based on the design drawing value of the frame 1 Is quantitatively grasped in advance.

  FIG. 6 shows an example in which the measurement jig 7A of FIG. 5 is set on the cab mount bracket 4b of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 7 shows the measurement jig 7B on the cab mount bracket 4c of FIGS. Each set state is shown.

  FIG. 8 shows an outline of a measurement processing system focusing on the relationship between the pair of laser light emitting units 15 and the laser light receiving unit 8.

  As shown in the figure, the laser light emitting unit 15 and the laser light receiving unit 8 face each other in the direction of the optical axis as described above, and a semiconductor laser, for example, is used as the light source of the laser light emitting unit 15. The laser light emitting unit 15 irradiates the laser beam L in the form of a minute spot toward the laser light receiving unit 8 side.

  On the other hand, the laser light receiving unit 8 is used for, for example, a spectral function of the received laser beam, a PSD (Position Sensitive Device (or Detector)) element which is a semiconductor position detecting element, and an amplitude or phase analysis of the wavelength of the laser light. A plurality of light receiving elements including the light receiving elements are provided. The light reception signal output from each light receiving element is subjected to a predetermined process such as filtering, and then taken into the controller 16 to execute the predetermined process, and the processed data is displayed / recorded on a personal computer or the like. It is recorded on the device 17 together with the display.

  The PSD element has a function of detecting and specifying the XY two-dimensional coordinate position in the light receiving area E of the received laser beam L as shown in FIG. 8, and the light receiving output signals of the remaining light receiving elements are lasers. In order to calculate the actual distance in the height direction from the light emitting unit 15 to the laser light receiving unit 8, it is used for analysis or calculation processing of the amplitude or phase of the wavelength of the received laser beam L. However, the distance in the height direction from the laser light emitting unit 15 to the laser light receiving unit 8 when the frame 1 is assembled according to the design drawing value is quantitatively grasped in advance.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 9, when the position of the received laser beam L on the laser receiving unit 8 side coincides with the center of the light receiving area E, the above-described two-dimensional position detecting function of the PSD element is provided. Since the position of the received laser beam L is detected, the positions of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e formed in the corresponding cab mount brackets 4a to 4e are at regular correct positions at least in the XY two-dimensional plane. Can be determined. At the same time, with the detection function of the light receiving elements other than the PSD elements, the distance in the height direction from the laser light emitting portion 15 to the laser light receiving portion 8, and the corresponding height position of the opening surface of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e. The height positions of the upper surfaces of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e to be detected can be detected.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, when the position of the received laser beam L on the laser light receiving unit 8 side is deviated from the center of the light receiving area E, the positions of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e are more horizontal than the normal position. The cab mount brackets 4a to 4e themselves are inclined as shown in FIG. 3A, and the laser beam L is inclined accordingly. is assumed.

  Therefore, the XY two-dimensional coordinate position (measured position) in the light receiving area E of the received laser beam L and the measured distance in the height direction from the laser light emitting unit 15 to the laser light receiving unit 8 are used in combination. Thus, in addition to whether or not the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e in which the cab mount holes 5a to 5e are formed are tilted, the degree and direction of the tilt when the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e are tilted are specified. Is possible. Note that the height dimensions of the measuring jigs 7A to 7C are also known as described above, if necessary, in specifying the degree of inclination and the direction of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e.

  Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the frame 1 after completion of the welding assembly is loaded into the workpiece positioning jig 6 as shown in FIG. 3, and then the workpiece positioning jig 6 side as shown in FIG. The frame 1 is positioned and supported by mutual fitting of the locate pin 11 and the locate hole 12 on the frame 1 side. Then, the measuring jig 7 (7A to 7C) is correctly fitted to the positioned frame 1 individually in the cab mount holes 5a to 5e of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e.

  Next, the laser light emitting portions 15 of the measurement jigs 7 (7A to 7C) are caused to emit light all at once by a switch operation, and the spot-like laser beam L is directed from each laser light emitting portion 15 toward the laser light receiving portion 8 facing directly to it. Irradiate.

  The laser beam L emitted from each laser emitting unit 15 is received by the corresponding laser receiving unit 8, and as described above, the XY two-dimensional coordinate position information of the received laser beam L, the laser emitting unit 15, and The controller 16 shown in FIG. 8 performs a predetermined calculation with distance information in the height direction formed with the laser light receiving unit 8 to thereby determine the two-dimensional plane positions of the cab mount holes 5a to 5e and the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e. In addition to the height position, the inclinations of the cab mount brackets 4a to 4e in which the cab mount holes 5a to 5e are formed are detected. Further, as described above, since the center position of each laser receiving unit 8 is known, the XY two-dimensional coordinate position information of the received laser beam L, the laser emitting unit 15 and the laser receiving unit 8 By performing a predetermined calculation based on the distance information in the height direction formed, respective pitches (spans) P1, P1 in the vehicle width direction and the front-rear direction formed by the cab mount holes 5a to 5e shown in FIG. It is also possible to obtain P2.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, after positioning the frame 1 with respect to the workpiece positioning jig 6 having the plurality of laser light receiving portions 8, laser light is emitted to the respective cab mount holes 5 a to 5 e of the frame 1. By simply fitting the measuring jig 7 (7A to 7C) having the portion 15, at least the two-dimensional plane position of each cab mount hole 5a to 5e and the height position of the opening surface can be measured very easily and accurately. Is possible.

  Here, in the above-described embodiment, the lower laser light emitting unit 15 and the upper laser light receiving unit 8 face each other in the vertical direction, but the relative positional relationship between the laser light emitting unit 15 and the laser light receiving unit 8 is as follows. Conversely, an equivalent function can be obtained even if the laser light receiving unit 8 is provided on the measurement jig 7 (7A to 7C) side. In the above-described embodiment, the frame 1 of a vehicle with a chassis frame has been described as an example of the vehicle body part to be measured. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to the measurement of the same type of work other than the frame 1.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view showing the structure of a vehicle frame with a chassis frame as an example of a vehicle body part to be measured in the present invention. Front explanatory drawing of FIG. The perspective view which shows the whole structure of the measuring apparatus which concerns on this invention. The principal part expansion explanatory drawing which shows the positioning state by the locate pin of the flame | frame in FIG. (A)-(C) are half sectional views showing the structure of the measuring jig used in FIG. The perspective view which shows the mounting state to the flame | frame of the measurement jig | tool shown to (A) of FIG. The perspective view which shows the mounting state to the flame | frame of the measurement jig | tool shown to (B) of FIG. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the outline of the measurement processing system which paid its attention to the relationship between a pair of laser light emission part and a laser light-receiving part, (B) is plane explanatory drawing in the laser light-receiving part of the same figure (A). FIG. 9A is an enlarged explanatory view of the main part of FIG. 8A, and FIG. 9B is an explanatory plan view of the laser light receiving part of FIG. 8A is an enlarged explanatory view of the main part of FIG. 8A, and FIG. 9B is an explanatory plan view of the laser light receiving part of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Frame (body parts)
4a to 4e ... cab mount bracket 5a to 5e ... cab mount hole 6 ... work positioning jig 7,7A-7C ... measuring jig 8 ... laser light receiving part 11 ... locate pin 12 ... locate hole (positioning reference part)
15 ... Laser emission part L ... Laser beam

Claims (8)

For vehicle body parts in which a plurality of holes are formed in plan view, the plane coordinate position of each hole in the XY plane coordinates and the height of the opening surface of the hole in the Z direction perpendicular to both the X and Y directions A method of measuring a coordinate position,
Positioning the vehicle body part with reference to the respective positioning reference parts in the X, Y and Z directions of the vehicle body part,
A measuring jig equipped with a laser emitting part or a laser receiving part is individually fitted and seated in each hole based on the inner peripheral surface of each hole and the opening surface where each hole opens, and positioned. Each laser light emitting part or laser light receiving part is directly opposed to the corresponding laser light receiving part or laser light emitting part,
Irradiate a laser beam from the respective laser emitting part toward the corresponding laser receiving part,
Based on the received light signal output from each laser light receiving unit side, the plane coordinate position of each hole in the XY plane coordinates and the height coordinate position of the opening surface of each hole in the Z direction are detected. A method for measuring the accuracy of body parts. The positioning of the body part is performed by a positioning jig with reference to the positioning reference portions of the body part in the X, Y, and Z directions,
Each measuring jig is equipped with a laser emission part,
The laser light-receiving part that faces each laser light-emitting part is in a standby state on the side of the anti-positioning jig of the vehicle body part with a predetermined relative positional relationship with the positioning jig, and the total number of holes The method for measuring the accuracy of vehicle body parts according to claim 1, wherein the number is fixed.   The laser light receiving unit has a function of receiving the laser spot light emitted from the laser light emitting unit and specifying a plane coordinate position in at least an XY plane coordinate of the center of each hole. The method of measuring the accuracy of the vehicle body part according to claim 2.   4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the body part is a frame of a vehicle with a chassis frame, and each hole is a cab mount hole formed in the frame.   5. The accuracy measurement method for a vehicle body part according to claim 4, wherein the cab mount hole is formed in a cab mount bracket welded to a frame. For vehicle body parts in which a plurality of holes are formed in plan view, the plane coordinate position of each hole in the XY plane coordinates and the height of the opening surface of the hole in the Z direction perpendicular to both the X and Y directions A device for measuring a coordinate position,
A positioning jig for positioning the vehicle body part with reference to the respective positioning reference portions in the X, Y, and Z directions of the vehicle body part;
The relative positional relationship with the positioning jig is predetermined and disposed on the side of the body part opposite to the positioning part, and the same number of fixed laser receiving parts or laser emitting parts as the total number of holes in the body part,
Positioned by individually fitting and seating each hole on the inner peripheral surface of each hole of the vehicle body part and the opening surface where each hole is opened as a reference, and the corresponding laser receiving unit in that positioning state Or a measuring jig having a laser light emitting part or a laser light receiving part directly facing the laser light emitting part,
An apparatus for measuring the accuracy of vehicle body parts, comprising: Each measuring jig is equipped with a laser emission part,
The laser light-receiving part that faces each laser light-emitting part stands by on the side opposite to the positioning jig of the vehicle body part after the relative positional relationship with the positioning jig is determined in advance. The accuracy measuring apparatus for vehicle body parts according to claim 6.   The laser light receiving unit has a function of receiving the laser spot light emitted from the laser light emitting unit and specifying a plane coordinate position in at least an XY plane coordinate of the center of each hole. The body part accuracy measuring apparatus according to claim 7.

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