JP2009267721A - Ribbon microphone unit and ribbon microphone - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ribbon microphone unit and a ribbon microphone where a ribbon type diaphragm is prevented from breakage and deformation owing to application of an explosive sound without using a popper stopper. <P>SOLUTION: The ribbon type microphone unit is constituted by arranging the ribbon type diaphragm 16 in a magnetic gap formed by providing a magnet 14 fixed to a frame 12. In front of the ribbon type diaphragm 16, meshes 30 which flex with an applied explosive sound to direct a flow of air sideward are arranged apart from the ribbon type diaphragm 16. The meshes 30 are preferably meshes that transmit a sound wave and hardly transmit an air current, and are made of, for example, polyamide-based fiber. It is preferred that a mesh holder 24 is arranged in front of the ribbon type diaphragm 16 apart from the ribbon type diaphragm 16 to cover the ribbon type diaphragm 16, and the meshes 30 are fixed to the mesh holder 24. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ribbon microphone unit and a ribbon microphone. In particular, the ribbon diaphragm can be prevented from being broken or deformed due to an airflow suddenly generated by a plosive sound or the like, and pop noise can be prevented. This is characterized in that it can be reduced.

  A ribbon microphone has a ribbon diaphragm made of a conductive thin film attached to a magnetic field formed by a magnetic circuit component consisting of a frame, a magnet, etc., and the vibration of the ribbon diaphragm is electromagnetically converted in response to sound waves to generate an audio signal. Is output. The ribbon-shaped diaphragm is a band-shaped component in which a conductive thin film having a thickness of several μm, for example, an aluminum foil, is formed into an appropriate corrugated shape. It is designed to output. Since the ribbon microphone is basically bi-directional and the control method is mass control, the tension of the diaphragm is adjusted so that the resonance frequency is low.

  Ribbon-shaped diaphragms of ribbon microphones are formed by molding the above materials into the corrugated shape as described above. Therefore, when a strong airflow hits the ribbon microphone, the ribbon-shaped diaphragm expands due to wind pressure. As a result, the resonance frequency shifts and the frequency response characteristics deteriorate. When the elongation of the diaphragm becomes significant, the diaphragm may come into contact with the magnetic pole of the magnetic circuit constituent member, and the frequency response is extremely deteriorated.

  Wind noise due to steady wind can be prevented by the design of the microphone case, particularly the front mesh and the use of a windscreen made of sponge or the like. However, for example, a plosive sound that is generated when a parous sound is generated suddenly occurs on the main sound collection axis of the microphone and is accompanied by a direct air flow. Large stress is applied to the diaphragm. If it is assumed in advance that the speaker who speaks the microphone is likely to generate a plosive sound, a problem such as deformation of the ribbon diaphragm can be avoided by attaching a popper stopper to the front surface of the microphone. However, when a popper stopper is not provided and an extreme plosive sound is applied to the ribbon microphone, as described above, the ribbon diaphragm is damaged or deformed and cannot be used.

  In addition, there are few patent documents regarding a ribbon microphone, and there exists a patent document in which the ribbon type speaker is described as a patent document relevant technically. One of those described in Patent Document 1 is that a magnetic gap forming portion of a yoke that constitutes a magnetic circuit together with a magnet is divided, and a vibration system assembly is sandwiched between the divided yokes so that the diaphragm is placed in the magnetic gap. It is arranged. At least the vibration system assembly is interposed as a spacer between the divided yokes so that the divided yokes do not contact each other. An object of the invention described in Patent Document 1 is to facilitate separation of a diaphragm from a magnetic circuit.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, both ends in the axial length direction of a ribbon-shaped diaphragm are supported by fixed terminals, and an ultraviolet curable type is provided between an edge in the axial length direction and a magnetic circuit gap wall surface on which the diaphragm is disposed. A ribbon-type speaker is described in which a resin is applied and a diaphragm is attached to a magnetic gap of a magnetic circuit by reacting the resin with ultraviolet rays. The invention described in Patent Document 2 aims to improve production efficiency and to stabilize performance.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-163892 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-119989

  The present invention solves the technical problem seen in the conventional ribbon microphone, that is, prevents the breakage and deformation of the ribbon diaphragm due to the addition of a plosive sound without using a popper stopper. An object of the present invention is to provide a ribbon microphone unit and a ribbon microphone that can perform the above.

The present invention relates to a ribbon-type microphone unit in which a ribbon-shaped diaphragm is disposed in a magnetic gap formed by having a magnet fixed to a frame, and the ribbon-shaped vibration is disposed in front of the ribbon-shaped diaphragm. The most important feature is that the mesh is arranged so as to be separated from the plate and deflected by a plosive sound to direct the air flow to the side.
As the mesh, it is preferable to use a mesh made of a polyamide-based fiber, for example, having a property of transmitting sound waves and hardly transmitting airflow.
It is preferable to cover the ribbon-shaped diaphragm in front of the ribbon-shaped diaphragm, dispose the mesh holder away from the ribbon-shaped diaphragm, and fix the mesh to the mesh holder.
The ribbon microphone according to the present invention uses the ribbon microphone unit according to the present invention as a ribbon microphone unit, and is incorporated in a microphone case.

  When a popping sound hits the microphone unit, the mesh arranged in front of the ribbon diaphragm is deflected by the air flow caused by the popping sound, and the air flow is directed to the side of the ribbon diaphragm. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the ribbon-type diaphragm from being directly exposed to the air flow, and to prevent the ribbon-type diaphragm from undergoing physical damage such as deformation or breakage.

Embodiments of a ribbon microphone unit and a ribbon microphone according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, an outline of the ribbon microphone will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 4, the code | symbol 1 has shown the microphone case. The microphone case 1 is a cylindrical member, and two rectangular window holes extending in the longitudinal direction of the case from the center portion to the tip portion are provided on the wall surface at positions where the front and back sides of the microphone case 1 are opposite to each other. 1 are formed side by side in the longitudinal direction. Front meshes 2 are attached to these window holes from the inner surface side. The sound from the outside of the microphone case 1 passes through the front mesh 2 and reaches the microphone unit arranged in the microphone case 1. In FIG. 5, symbol 10 indicates a ribbon microphone unit. The ribbon microphone unit 10 is disposed inside the microphone case 1 at the center position of the cross section of the case 1 and corresponding to the attachment position of the front mesh 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, the microphone unit 10 is fixed to the inside of the microphone case 1 through an appropriate support at both ends in the length direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the microphone unit 10 is mainly composed of a vertically long frame 12, and a pair of long magnets 14 are fixed to the opposite inner surfaces of the frame 12. A magnetic gap is formed between the magnets 14. Since the magnetization direction of the pair of magnets 14 is the width direction and the direction of the magnetic poles is the same, a parallel and uniform magnetic field is formed in the magnetic gap. A ribbon diaphragm 16 is disposed in the magnetic field.

  The ribbon diaphragm 16 is made of a conductive ultrathin plate, for example, an aluminum foil having a thickness of about several μm, and is a long part along the magnetic gap. A printed circuit board having a print pattern 22 that also serves as a ribbon presser is disposed at both ends in the length direction of the frame 12, and each end portion in the length direction of the ribbon diaphragm 16 is placed on the print pattern 22. . A pressing plate 20 that also serves as a ribbon presser is placed on each end of the ribbon diaphragm 16, and the end of the ribbon diaphragm 16 is held between the terminal pattern 22 and the pressing plate 20 by a fastening member such as a screw. It is fixed. The ribbon-shaped diaphragm 16 is fixed in a state adjusted to have an appropriate tension as described above. In this way, both ends in the length direction of the ribbon-shaped diaphragm 16 are fixed to the frame 12, and are vibrated by receiving sound waves. Since the ribbon diaphragm 16 vibrates in the magnetic gap, an electrical signal corresponding to the vibration, that is, an audio signal is generated on the ribbon diaphragm 16, and the audio signal can be taken out from both ends of the ribbon diaphragm 16. . The audio signal can be output from the terminal pattern 22 formed on an appropriate printed board through a printed wiring pattern formed on the printed board or through a lead wire connected to the terminal pattern 22 by soldering or the like.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (c), two ribbon diaphragms 16 per frame 12 are arranged in parallel at a distance from each other before and after the microphone unit 10. The distance between the ribbon diaphragms 16 is substantially the same as the thickness of the magnet 14. With this arrangement relationship, the ribbon diaphragm 16 is positioned along the corner of the magnet 14 where the magnetic flux is concentrated and the magnetic flux density is maximized, and the use efficiency of the magnetic flux by the ribbon diaphragm 16 is increased. There is an advantage that increases. Further, since the outputs of the two pairs of ribbon diaphragms 16 can be used, there is an advantage that the output of the microphone unit 10 can be increased.

  The configuration of the ribbon microphone described so far is not significantly different from the configuration of a conventional ribbon microphone. As described above, the structural features of the ribbon microphone unit and the ribbon microphone according to the present invention are as follows. The ribbon microphone unit 16 and the ribbon microphone 16 are separated from the ribbon diaphragm 16 in front of the ribbon diaphragm 16 and are bent by a bursting sound. The mesh 30 is arranged to direct the flow to the side. This characteristic component will be described below with reference to FIGS. Circuit boards 18 having window holes having substantially the same shape as the rectangular window holes of the frame 12 are arranged on both the front and back surfaces of the frame 12 configured as described above and fixed to the frame 12. Has been. The terminal patterns 22 described above are formed at both ends in the length direction of the circuit board 18, and both ends in the length direction of the ribbon diaphragm 16 are placed on these terminal patterns 22. A pressing plate 20 is placed on both ends of the ribbon-shaped diaphragm 16 in the length direction, and the pressing plate 20 is tightened with a screw in a state where an appropriate tension is applied to the ribbon-shaped diaphragm 16. Both end portions in the length direction are sandwiched and fixed between the terminal pattern 22 and the pressing plate 20.

  Meshes 30 are arranged on both the front and back surfaces of the frame 12 with the mesh holder 24 interposed therebetween. The mesh holder 24 is a U-shaped groove with a shallow cross-sectional shape and has a length sufficient to cover the rectangular window hole of the frame 12 and a width dimension sufficient to straddle the rectangular window hole in the width direction. is doing. Further, the mesh holder 24 has a flat portion corresponding to the bottom of the U-shaped groove, and at least the flat portion is formed with innumerable holes through which sound waves can pass without hindrance. The flat portion is a fixing portion 26 of the mesh 30. Both ends of the mesh holder 24 in the width direction are fixed to the frame 12 by appropriate fixing means. As the fixing means, screwing is generally considered. In the case of a ribbon-type microphone unit as in the present invention, the mesh holder 24 can be easily fixed with a magnetic attraction force by utilizing the characteristics of the configuration. That is, the mesh holder 24 may be made of a magnetic material, and the mesh holder 24 may be attracted by the frame 12 magnetized by the magnet 14.

  Meshes 30 are fixed to the fixing portions 26 of the pair of mesh holders 24 by bonding or the like. The mesh 30 has sufficient vertical and horizontal dimensions to cover the mesh holder 24. In particular, the horizontal dimension is sufficiently larger than the outer side in the width direction of the mesh holder 24 and protrudes sufficiently large outward from the side surface of the mesh holder 24. . The mesh 30 can pass sound waves, but has a characteristic that the sound is deflected by a sound accompanied by an air flow such as a plosive sound and directs the air flow to the side, that is, the sound wave is transmitted and the air current is transmitted. The thing of the characteristic which is hard to permeate | transmit is used. For example, a mesh made of polyamide fiber may be used. As a result, the protruding portion of the mesh 30 protruding greatly from the outside in the width direction of the mesh holder 24 is bent by receiving an air flow, for example, an air flow caused by a plosive sound.

  Since the mesh 30 is fixed to the mesh holder 24 having the above-described shape, the mesh 30 is disposed in front of the ribbon diaphragm 16 and separated from the ribbon diaphragm 16. The separation distance of the mesh 30 from the ribbon diaphragm 16 is appropriately set in consideration of acoustic characteristics and the like.

  FIG. 3 shows the movement of the mesh 30 when the microphone unit 10 configured as described above is subjected to an air flow based on a plosive sound or the like. However, the movement of the mesh 30 is emphasized for easy understanding. The air flow is indicated by arrows. When an air flow strikes the microphone unit 10 from the front or the back, the portion of the mesh 30 protruding from the outside in the width direction of the mesh holder 24 is pushed by the air flow and bends as described above. Air flows along the deflection of the mesh 30. As a result, the air flow is guided to the side surface of the ribbon diaphragm 16 and the air flow is prevented from directly hitting the ribbon diaphragm. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the ribbon diaphragm 16 from receiving physical damage such as deformation and breakage. Ordinary general sound waves without air flow pass through the mesh 30 to reach the ribbon diaphragm 16 and vibrate the ribbon diaphragm 16 to convert it into an audio signal.

  The ribbon microphone according to the present invention is configured such that a ribbon microphone unit as described above is incorporated in a microphone case so that an audio signal can be output from an appropriate connector to the outside.

In the illustrated embodiment, the ribbon diaphragm 16 is arranged in a pair on the front and back, but only one ribbon diaphragm 16 may be arranged. In this configuration, if sound waves are taken from both the front and back surfaces, the mesh 30 is disposed on both the front and back surfaces.
In addition, the design may be changed as appropriate without departing from the technical scope described in the claims.

It is a front view which shows the Example of the ribbon microphone unit which concerns on this invention. It is a top view of the said Example. It is a top view which shows the different operation | movement aspect of the said Example. FIG. 2A is a side view showing an example of a ribbon microphone to which the ribbon microphone unit according to the present invention can be applied, and FIG. The ribbon microphone is shown, (a) is a side sectional view, (b) is a front sectional view, and (c) is a plan view. It is a front view which shows the example of the ribbon microphone unit which can apply this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Microphone case 2 Front mesh 10 Microphone unit 12 Frame 14 Magnet 16 Ribbon-shaped diaphragm 18 Circuit board 20 Pressing plate 22 Terminal pattern 24 Mesh holder 26 Adhering part 30 Mesh

Claims (8)

A ribbon microphone unit in which a ribbon diaphragm is disposed in a magnetic gap formed by having a magnet fixed to a frame;
A ribbon microphone unit in which a mesh is disposed in front of the ribbon diaphragm so as to be spaced apart from the ribbon diaphragm and bendable when a plosive strikes to deflect the air flow sideways.   The ribbon microphone unit according to claim 1, wherein the mesh has characteristics of transmitting sound waves and hardly transmitting airflow.   The ribbon microphone unit according to claim 1, wherein the mesh is made of polyamide fiber.   The ribbon microphone unit according to claim 1, wherein a mesh holder is disposed in front of the ribbon diaphragm so as to cover the ribbon diaphragm and to be separated from the ribbon diaphragm, and the mesh is fixed to the mesh holder.   The ribbon microphone unit according to claim 4, wherein the mesh protrudes outward from the outer side in the width direction of the mesh holder, and the protruding portion of the mesh receives a burst sound and bends.   The ribbon microphone unit according to claim 1, wherein a pair of ribbon diaphragms are disposed in the magnetic gap with an interval, and a mesh is disposed in front of each pair of ribbon diaphragms.   The ribbon microphone unit according to claim 1, wherein the mesh holder is made of a magnetic material, and the mesh holder is attracted to the frame by the magnetic force of a magnet that forms a magnetic gap.   A ribbon microphone in which the ribbon microphone unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is fixed to a microphone case, and a front mesh is disposed in front of the ribbon microphone unit.

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