JP2009254242A - Novel sweetener having sugar-like taste, method for producing the same, and use of the sweetener - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide: a novel sweetener having sugar-like taste improving the taste of isomerized sugar liquid (such as glucose or fructose-mixed liquid sugar), and simultaneously preventing lifestyle-related disease such as obesity; and use of the novel sweetener as material for food or drink. <P>SOLUTION: The novel sweetener (product) is produced by adding D-tagatose to isomerized sugar liquid (such as D-glucose or D-fructose-mixed liquid sugar) to improve the taste of the isomerized sugar and also cause no obesity. The method for producing the novel sweetener and the use of the novel sweetener are provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sweetener containing D glucose and a mixture of D-fructose and D-tagatose, which are constituents of fructose-glucose liquid sugar (isomerized sugar), a use application thereof, particularly a technique applied to food materials, medical products, and cosmetics. About.

  Isomerized sugar produced by saccharifying starch into a saccharified solution and treating it with glucose isomerase is widely used as a sweetener in soft drinks and other beverages due to its low production cost. More than consumed. In a typical method, starch is hydrolyzed with an enzyme to form dextrin, and this is further hydrolyzed with another enzyme to obtain a glucose solution, that is, a saccharified solution. This saccharified solution contains some oligosaccharides in addition to glucose. The isomerization reaction of glucose to fructose by glucose isomerase is an equilibrium reaction, and the ratio of D-glucose and D-fructose of the isomerized sugar is usually about 58:42. Furthermore, purified D-fructose may be added in order to eliminate the lack of sweetness. In this case, the final ratio of D-glucose to D-fructose is usually about 45:55. As mentioned above, isomerized sugars are widely used due to their economic merits, but in advanced countries such as Japan and the United States, they are the cause of hyperglycemia and overweight (obesity) ("metabolic syndrome"). It is suspected (Non-Patent Document 1).

  In addition, the sweetness and sweetness of isomerized sugars are different from those of widely used sugar, and the sweetness and sweetness of sugar can be improved by changing the ratio of D-glucose and D-fructose. Although it has been devised to make it closer to, no satisfactory one has been obtained yet.

On the other hand, D-tagatose is a kind of rare sugar, and is known to be produced by treating D-galactose with an alkali to prevent an increase in blood sugar level.
Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe that D-tagatose, non-nutritive sweetener and erythritol are included to improve the taste quality of diet drinks and foods by imparting sweetness. In addition, high-intensity sweeteners such as aspartame and acesulfame K are disclosed as non-nutritive sweeteners.
However, aspartame, acesulfame K, etc., which are non-nutritive sweeteners, and D-tagatose alone have a drawback that the taste is sometimes too light (the body feeling is insufficient).

Special table 2004-520072 gazette JP 2008-148 A Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2004, 79, 774-9.

The present invention improves the first problem of fructose-glucose liquid sugar widely used as a sweetener in the food industry, that is, the difference in sweetness and sweetness from sugar. The purpose is to provide liquid sugar as a sweetener that is very close to the sweetness and taste of sugar.
In addition, the present invention improves the taste by improving the second problem of fructose-glucose liquid sugar, which is widely used as a sweetener in the food industry, that is, causing lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity It aims at providing as a sweetener containing D-tagatose obtained by doing.
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical, a quasi-drug, or a cosmetic using a sweetener containing D-tagatose.

  The present inventor has intensively studied to solve the above problems. Among them, a new sweetener consisting of a certain ratio of D-glucose, D-fructose, and D-tagatose has a sweetness and sweetness similar to sugar and has a preventive effect on lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity. This has been discovered and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the gist of the present invention is the sweetener described in the following (1) to (3).
(1) A sweetener having the sweetness and taste of sugar containing fructose, glucose and tagatose as essential components.
(2) The sweetener according to (1), wherein the total amount of D-glucose and D-tagatose is 70 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 30 to 80 parts by weight of D-fructose.
(3) The sweetener according to (2), wherein 10 parts by weight or more of D-tagatose is contained when the total amount of D-glucose and D-tagatose is 100 parts by weight.

Moreover, this invention makes the summary the food and drink as described in the following (4) and (5).
(4) A food or drink comprising the sweetener according to any one of (1) to (3).
(5) The food or beverage according to (4), comprising 5 parts by weight or more of D-tagatose with respect to 100 parts by weight of carbohydrates.

Furthermore, the gist of the present invention is the pharmaceuticals or quasi drugs, oral compositions, and cosmetics described in (6) and (7) below.
(6) A pharmaceutical or quasi-drug, composition for oral cavity, and cosmetics using the sweetener according to any one of (1) to (3).
(7) The pharmaceutical or quasi-drug, oral composition, cosmetics according to (6), which contains 5 parts by weight or more of D-tagatose with respect to 100 parts by weight of carbohydrates.

According to the present invention, as a first problem of fructose-glucose liquid sugar widely used as a sweetener in the food industry, that is, to improve the difference in sweetness and sweetness from sugar, conventional fructose-glucose liquid By using D-tagatose in combination with sugar, a sweetener very close to the sweetness and taste of sugar can be provided.
Further, according to the present invention, D-tagatose is included as an improvement in the second problem of fructose-glucose liquid sugar widely used as a sweetener in the food industry, that is, the cause of lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity. Sweeteners can be provided.
Furthermore, the present invention can provide a pharmaceutical, a quasi-drug, or a cosmetic using a sweetener containing D-tagatose.

  In a specific embodiment of the sweetener of the present invention, the proportion of D-fructose is 20 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 80 parts by weight, and the total proportion of D-glucose and D-tagatose is preferably 80 to 20 parts by weight. Is 70 to 20 parts by weight, and when the total of D-fructose, D-glucose and D-tagatose is 100 parts by weight, sugar containing 2 parts by weight or more, preferably 10 parts by weight or more of D-tagatose It is a novel sweetener that is close to the sweetness and quality of potato and prevents lifestyle-related diseases such as obesity.

  The outline of the novel sweetener of the present invention will be described. It is a mixture of its components D-fructose, D-glucose and D-tagatose, and is obtained by mixing each component. D-fructose and D-glucose are monosaccharides that are generally present in nature, and are obtained by isolation from the natural world. D-fructose is a fructose glucose solution obtained by treating D-glucose with glucose isomerase. It is obtained by separating from sugar and the like. D-glucose is produced by hydrolyzing starch. In addition, D-tagatose is a kind of rare saccharide that does not exist in the natural world, and is obtained by treating D-galactose with an alkali.

  In the novel sweetener of the present invention, the ratio of D-fructose and (total of D-glucose and D-tagatose) is preferably 80 to 20 parts by weight: 20 to 80 parts by weight. When D-fructose exceeds 80 parts, the sweetness increases, but the body feeling decreases. When the D-fructose is 20 parts or less, the sweetness tends to be unsatisfactory. When D-tagatose is 100 parts by weight of the total of D-glucose and D-tagatose, it becomes a sweetener having a sweetness and taste of sugar at a ratio of 2 parts by weight or more, preferably 10 parts by weight, The visceral fat accumulation preventing effect becomes remarkable at a ratio of 3 parts by weight or more as a whole, and the visceral fat accumulation preventing effect becomes more remarkable at a ratio of preferably 5 parts by weight or more.

The detail of the manufacturing method of the sweetener of this invention is demonstrated.
In producing the sweetener of the present invention, it is possible to produce the sweetener of the present invention using fructose-glucose liquid sugar, D-glucose, or starch as a starting material.
For example, (1) fructose dextrose liquid sugar is made from starch or D-glucose, and further D-tagatose is added and mixed.
(1) Preparation of degraded fructose-glucose liquid sugar liquid Degraded fructose-glucose liquid sugar is prepared from starch, such as corn, potato, or sweet potato, according to a standard method, and an enzyme such as alpha amylase, glucoamylase, glucose isomerase, etc., immobilized or batch-processed. Use to manufacture. The types of starch raw materials and enzymes used are not limited to the above. If necessary, glucose solution production by acid decomposition and isomerization using alkali may be performed.

  The novel sweetener thus obtained can be used in combination with sweeteners such as aspartame and stevia depending on the taste. In addition, water-soluble dietary fiber (polydextrose, indigestible dextrin, etc.) having a low sweetness may be added as appropriate to impart a body feeling.

  In the sweetener of the present invention, the proportion of D-fructose is 20 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 80 parts by weight, and the proportion of (total of D-glucose and D-tagatose) is 80 to 20 parts by weight, preferably Although it is about 70 to 20 parts by weight, the content is not particularly limited when the sweetness and sweetness are utilized. It can be appropriately adjusted depending on the degree of the intended function, the usage mode, the usage amount, and the like.

The novel sweetener of the present invention contains D-tagatose and has an obesity preventing effect.
When the content of D-tagatose is 3 parts by weight or more of the whole, the obesity-preventing effect by the rat is remarkable, and preferably 5 parts by weight or more, the obesity-preventing effect by the rat is more remarkable.
Moreover, it can also be used in combination with other active ingredients because of lifestyle-related disease prevention.

The sweetener of the present invention is food, health food, patient food, food material, health food material, patient food material, food additive, health food additive, patient food additive, beverage, health care It can be used for beverages, patient beverages, drinking water, health drinking water, patient drinking water, medicines, pharmaceutical raw materials, feeds, livestock and / or livestock feeds that require sweetness.

When the sweetener of the present invention is used in foods, it can be used as it is, in an aqueous solution, suspended in oil, etc., in a milk form, or in a form to which a carrier generally used in the food industry is added. It may be prepared. The form of the beverage is a non-alcoholic beverage or an alcoholic beverage. Non-alcoholic beverages include, for example, non-carbonated beverages such as carbonated beverages, fruit juice beverages, and nectar beverages, soft drinks, sports beverages, tea, coffee, cocoa, and other general foods such as medicinal liquors in the form of alcoholic beverages. Can be mentioned.
The use form of the sweetener (composition) of the present invention as a food material or food additive for the purpose of improving abnormal sugar metabolism and / or abnormal lipid metabolism is dissolved in tablets, capsules, beverages and the like. Examples thereof include solid agents such as powder or granules, semi-solid bodies such as jelly, liquids such as drinking water, and high-concentration solutions used after dilution.
Furthermore, the sweetener (composition) of the present invention can be appropriately added to foods to provide a health food or sick food for the purpose of improving abnormal sugar metabolism and / or abnormal lipid metabolism. As optional components, vitamins, carbohydrates, pigments, fragrances and the like that are usually added to foods can be appropriately blended. The food can be eaten in any form, liquid or solid. It can be eaten as a soft capsule encapsulated by gelatin or the like. The capsule is made of, for example, a gelatin film prepared by adding water to raw gelatin and dissolving it, and adding a plasticizer (glycerin, D-sorbitol, etc.) thereto.

  The sweetener of this invention can be used for the same use as sugar. It can also be used for cooking, tea and coffee.

  Specific examples of food and drink include the following. Pastry (pudding, jelly, gummy candy, candy, drop, caramel, chewing gum, chocolate, pastry, butter cream, custard cream, cream puff, hot cake, bread, potato chips, french fries, popcorn, biscuits, crackers, pie, sponge Cakes, castella, waffles, cakes, donuts, biscuits, cookies, rice crackers, rice crackers, rice cakes, manju, candy, etc., dried noodle products (macaroni, pasta), egg products (mayonnaise, fresh cream), beverages (functional beverages, Lactic acid beverages, lactobacillus beverages, concentrated milk beverages, fruit juice beverages, fruitless beverages, pulp beverages, transparent carbonated beverages, carbonated beverages with fruit juice, fruit colored carbonated beverages), luxury products (green tea, tea, instant coffee, cocoa, cans Coffee Link), dairy products (ice cream, yogurt, coffee milk, butter, butter sauce, cheese, fermented milk, processed milk), pastes (marmalade, jam flour paste, peanut paste, fruit paste, fruit syrup pickles), Livestock products (ham, sausage, bacon, dry sausage, beef jerky, lard), seafood products (fish meat ham, fish sausage, salmon, chikuwa, hampen, dried fish, bonito, bonito, boiled and dried, sea urchin, salted squid , Plums, dried fish, shellfish, salmon products), boiled fish (small fish, shellfish, wild vegetables, sea bream, kelp), stew, curry (instant curry, retort curry, canned curry), seasoning Agent (Miso, powdered miso, soy sauce, powdered soy sauce, moromi, fish sauce, sauce, ketchup, oyster saw , Solid bouillon, grilled meat sauce, curry roux, stew sauce, soup sauce, soup stock, paste, instant soup, sprinkle, dressing, salad oil), fried products (fried food, fried confectionery, instant ramen), soy milk, margarine, Shortening etc. can be mentioned.

  The said food and drink can be processed and manufactured by mix | blending the sweetener (composition) of this invention with the raw material of a general food according to a conventional method. The amount of the composition to be added to the food and drink varies depending on the form of the food and is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight.

  The above food and drink can also be used as functional foods, nutritional supplements or health foods. The form is not particularly limited, and examples of food production include milk proteins with high amino acid balance, soy protein, and proteins such as egg albumin, degradation products thereof, and egg white oligos. In addition to peptides, soybean hydrolysates, and the like, mixtures of amino acids alone can be used according to conventional methods. It can also be used in the form of a soft capsule, a tablet or the like.

  Examples of dietary supplements or functional foods include liquid foods, semi-digested nutritional foods, ingredient nutritional foods, drinks, capsules, and sucrose containing sugars, fats, trace elements, vitamins, emulsifiers, and fragrances. Processing forms such as enteral nutrients can be mentioned. In the above-mentioned various foods, for example, foods and drinks such as sports drinks and nutritional drinks are further supplemented with nutritional additives such as amino acids, vitamins and minerals, sweeteners, spices and fragrances to improve nutritional balance and flavor. , Pigments and the like can also be blended.

The sweetener (composition) of the present invention can be applied to feed for livestock, poultry and pets. For example, it can mix | blend with livestock feeds, such as dry dog food, dry cat food, wet dog food, wet cat food, semi-moist dock food, poultry feed, cattle, and pigs. The feed itself can be prepared according to a conventional method.
In addition, therapeutic agents and preventive agents to which the sweetener (composition) of the present invention is applied include non-human animals, for example, domestic mammals such as cows, horses, pigs, and sheep, and poultry such as chickens, quails, and ostriches. , Can be used for reptiles, birds, pets such as small mammals, farmed fish and the like.

  The sweetener of the present invention is a drug intended to improve the abnormalities of carbohydrate metabolism and / or lipid metabolism abnormalities and obesity to improve the physiological effects while taking advantage of sweetness. Suitable excipients, stabilizers, preservatives, binders, disintegrants, etc. are added, and liquids, granules, fine granules, powders, tablets, capsules, pills, ointments, patches An appropriate dosage form such as a spray, spray or injection can be selected and formulated, and can be administered orally, nasally, transdermally or intravenously.

  A pharmaceutical organic or inorganic solid, semi-solid or liquid carrier, solubilizer or diluent suitable for oral, nasal, transdermal or intravenous administration is prepared using the composition of the present invention as a medicament. Can be used for All water, gelatin, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, talc, animal and vegetable oils, benzyl alcohol, gum, polyalkylene glycol, petroleum resin, coconut oil, lanolin, or other carriers used in medicine are all It can be used as a carrier for a medicament containing the composition of the invention. In addition, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, and salts for changing the osmotic pressure or maintaining an appropriate pH of the compounding agent can be appropriately used as auxiliary agents.

  In addition, soluble films have been used for the formulation of cosmetics and the like. For example, an edible soluble film is used as a flavor film retaining a fragrance or the like for the purpose of mood change, prevention of bad breath, and the like. In addition, the idea of using a cosmetic film holding a moisturizer or the like as a pack, or dissolving it in water and using it as an emulsion has been presented. Furthermore, it has been studied to use an anti-inflammatory agent or the like as a poultice. As a packaging material for foods and pharmaceuticals, and as a carrier for holding active ingredients such as foods and pharmaceuticals, a soluble film that exhibits excellent solubility and film properties and can be suitably used for these applications has been proposed. Thus, the sweetener having the sweetness and taste of sugar of the present invention can be applied to pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, and cosmetics as described above (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-091696).

  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples.

<Preparation of sugar solution containing D-fructose, D-glucose and D-tagatose>
Water and α-amylase were added to the starch and decomposed at around 95 ° C. After completion of liquefaction, the mixture was cooled to 55 ° C., glucoamylase was added, and the mixture was further broken down to produce a glucose solution. This glucose liquid sugar was poured into a column on which glucose isomerase had been immobilized at 60 ° C. to produce isomerized sugar.
A predetermined amount of commercially available D-tagatose was added, mixed and dissolved in the ratio shown in Table 1, and the sweeteners (D to H, J to L) and comparative examples (A to C, I and M) of the present invention were produced. did.

[Test Example 1]
<Sensory test of sugar solution containing D-fructose, D-glucose and D-tagatose>
Using nine panelists, the sweetener of the present invention produced above and the 10% (w / v) sugar solution of Comparative Example were prepared, and a taste test was conducted.
In the evaluation, a sweet taste was selected from a sugar solution showing the same sweetness as a sugar 10% (w / v) sugar solution and “light”, “not changed”, and “heavy” compared to sugar. The number of selected persons was determined, and the sensory test results are shown in Table 1. The panel consisted of 9 men and women who were familiar with the taste of the 20s and 30s.

The sweetness and sweetness of isomerized sugars vary depending on the content ratio of D-fructose and D-glucose. When a sensory test was performed using isomerized sugar (fructose 55 parts by weight: glucose 45 parts by weight; I), many comments were felt that the sweetness was felt compared to sugar. In the above results, it can be considered that only 3 people with sweetness and 3 people with sweetness are separated from the taste and sweetness of sugar. On the other hand, from the results of the sensory test, the combination close to the sweetness and / or taste of sugar has a content of D-glucose and D-tagatose (70 to 20 parts by weight) in the range of 30 to 80 parts by weight of fructose. It became clear that it was a mixed sugar included in the range. Furthermore, from the result of H, a sweetness and sweetness close to sugar were obtained at a glucose: tagatose ratio of about 9: 1. From this, it was clarified that preferable sweetness and sweetness can be obtained when tagatose is about 10 parts by weight or more in the ratio of glucose to 100% by weight. In general, it is known that mixed sugars exhibit a round sweetness characteristic with a broad peak of sweetness compared to a single-component sweetener.
As shown in the sweetness curve of FIG. 1, the addition of D-tagatose changes the sweetness curve from an isomerized sugar (fructose + glucose) curve to a mixed sugar curve (fructose + glucose + tagatose). You can see that the taste of sugar is approaching.
From these facts, D-fructose exhibits a clean and refreshing taste, whereas D-tagatose is considered to have properties relatively close to sugar.

<Production of acidic beverage containing D-fructose, D-glucose and D-tagatose>
Beverages using the novel sweetener and sucrose of the present invention were prepared at the ratios shown in Table 2.

  As a result, the obtained beverage showed a preferable sweetness and sweetness similar to sugar.

[Test example]
The effects of D-tagatose on visceral fat accumulation, serum lipids, and blood glucose levels were examined using rats.
(experimental method)
As experimental animals, 3-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The groups were a D-tagatose group (D-tagatose 3% by weight) and a control group in which D-tagatose was replaced with α-corn starch. Experimental feed (Table 3) and water were fed freely and were bred for 4 weeks. After breeding, dissection was performed. Blood was collected at the time of dissection, and internal organs and body fat were collected and weighed. The measured values were expressed as mean values and standard errors, and the significance test was performed using an unpaired t-test.

(result)
There was no significant decrease in body weight or food intake (observed during the experiment, no significant changes were observed in animal behavior) (Table 4). Regarding fat weight, a significant decrease was observed in the D-tagatose group compared to the body fat weight in the control group (Table 5). From this, it was clarified that a small amount of D-tagatose ingested a body fat, particularly visceral fat, without any side effects such as harmful weight loss. Regarding serum lipids and blood glucose, the tagatose group (D-tagatose 3% by weight) has higher HDL-C (HDL-cholesterol) levels, lower triglycerides, and lower blood glucose levels than the control group. (Table 6).

  The present invention can provide a novel sweetener that does not cause obesity, metabolic syndrome, or lifestyle-related diseases even when widely used in the food industry and the like.

It is drawing which shows a sweetness curve.

Claims (7)

  A sweetener having the sweetness and taste of sugar containing fructose, glucose and tagatose as essential components.   The sweetener according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of D-glucose and D-tagatose is 70 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 30 to 80 parts by weight of D-fructose.   The sweetener according to claim 2, wherein when the total amount of D-glucose and D-tagatose is 100 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight or more of D-tagatose is contained.   A food or drink comprising the sweetener according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The food / beverage product of Claim 4 containing 5 weight part or more D-tagatose with respect to 100 weight part of carbohydrates.   A pharmaceutical or quasi-drug, a composition for oral cavity, or a cosmetic comprising the sweetener according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The pharmaceutical or quasi-drug, oral composition and cosmetic according to claim 6, comprising 5 parts by weight or more of D-tagatose per 100 parts by weight of carbohydrates.