JP2009244548A - Electronic musical instrument and semi-automatic performance method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To play various musical pieces by so-called one key performance. <P>SOLUTION: On the basis of an audio data for indicating a waveform of a musical piece, steps S1 to S5 of dividing the music piece into a plurality of sections, and a step of performing automatic performance of a following section of the section which is output in a previous cycle, in the plurality of sections, in response to a prescribed operation. At this point, in a semi-automatic performance method, so-called one key performance in which sound of a plurality of sections for constituting optional musical piece is sequentially sounded by prescribed operation, is made attainable. For example, one key performance of the musical piece which is not expressed by a note data (e.g. MIDI data) in which a plurality of musical notes for constituting the musical piece indicates a plurality of timings each of which is sounded, is made attainable. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument and a semi-automatic performance method, and more particularly, to an electronic musical instrument and a semi-automatic performance method that are used when playing music with a simple operation.

  A one-key performance is known in which musical tone information relating to a plurality of musical sounds constituting a musical piece is used to read out and emit musical tone information one by one each time a key is pressed. According to such a one-key performance, the performer can perform the registered music piece by a simple operation even when the performer is not skilled in the performance of the musical instrument. There is a demand for an electronic musical instrument that can perform a variety of musical pieces with a single key.

  In Japanese Patent No. 2753640, it is possible to reliably synchronize with a simple configuration, and it is possible to use a generally widespread recording medium with normal specifications. An automatic performance apparatus is disclosed in which music can be reproduced in synchronization with the start of the music, and on the contrary, the musical instrument is automatically played in synchronization with the reproduction of music from the middle. The automatic performance device is synchronized with sound source means for performing automatic performance based on automatic performance data, reproduction means for reproducing audio data recorded on a recording medium, and reproduction operation of the audio data by the reproduction means. Position data reading means for sequentially reading position data indicating each timing of the audio data being reproduced recorded on the recording medium, and storing the automatic performance data, in which case, among the automatic performance data, Automatic performance data storage for storing the position data indicating the timing of the audio data to be reproduced by the reproducing means in synchronization with the automatic performance by the sound source means by predetermined automatic performance data together with the predetermined automatic performance data Means for specifying the synchronization start point by the user, and the operation for specifying the synchronization start point And corresponding to the synchronization start time based on the position data stored in the automatic performance data storage means or based on the position data and the position data sequentially read from the position data reading means. The reproduction means is instructed to start reproduction of the audio data from the timing, and the automatic performance data stored in the automatic performance data storage means is synchronized with the instruction operation and the automatic performance data corresponding to the synchronization start time Synchronous control means for sequentially reading out data and causing the sound source means to perform automatic performance based on the data is provided.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-148142 discloses an automatic concert magic performance in which decorative notes can be reproduced in real time, and note data created by real-time input and MIDI messages received from outside can be used as they are in concert magic automatic performances. An apparatus is disclosed. The concert magic automatic performance device includes storage means for storing automatic performance data composed of a plurality of note data each including a step time value for defining a sound generation timing, and automatic performance data stored in the storage means Pointer means for indicating the reading position of the note data included in the instruction means, instruction means for instructing the progress of automatic performance, and a step time within a predetermined range from the note data indicated by the pointer means in response to an instruction from the instruction means Each musical note data up to the musical note data having a value is sequentially read out from the storage means, and a musical sound generating means for generating a musical sound based on the read musical note data is provided.

Japanese Patent No. 2753640 JP 2000-148142 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument and a semi-automatic playing method for playing various musical pieces by a simple operation.

  In the following, means for solving the problems will be described using the reference numerals used in the best modes and embodiments for carrying out the invention in parentheses. This reference numeral is added to clarify the correspondence between the description of the claims and the description of the best mode for carrying out the invention / example, and is described in the claims. It should not be used to interpret the technical scope of the invention.

  The electronic musical instrument (1) according to the present invention includes a music dividing unit (23) and a concert magic unit (24). The music dividing unit (23) divides the music into a plurality of parts based on the audio data indicating the waveform of the music. The concert magic unit (24) automatically performs the next part of the plurality of parts output last time in response to a predetermined operation. At this time, the electronic musical instrument (1) can perform a so-called one-key performance in which a plurality of parts constituting an arbitrary musical piece are sequentially generated for each predetermined operation. For example, a plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece are reproduced. It is possible to perform a one-key performance on a musical piece that is not expressed by note data (for example, MIDI data (SMF)) indicating a plurality of timings at which sounds are generated.

  The music dividing unit (23) divides the music into a plurality of parts based on the change in volume of the music. At this time, the electronic musical instrument (1) starts from the time when one of the plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be sounded until the time when the musical sound next to the one musical sound among the plurality of musical sounds starts to be pronounced. Can be calculated, and the music can be more appropriately divided into a plurality of parts.

  The music dividing unit (23) divides the music into a plurality of parts based on the change in frequency of the music. At this time, the electronic musical instrument (1) starts from the time when one of the plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be sounded until the time when the musical sound next to the one musical sound among the plurality of musical sounds starts to be pronounced. Can be calculated, and the music can be more appropriately divided into a plurality of parts.

  The music dividing unit (23) divides the music into a plurality of parts based on note data indicating a plurality of timings at which a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music are respectively generated. That is, when such musical note data exists, the electronic musical instrument (1) can more appropriately divide the music piece into a plurality of parts based on the musical note data.

  The electronic musical instrument (1) according to the present invention further includes an analysis unit that calculates the note data based on the audio data. An algorithm for calculating the note data based on the audio data is well known. At this time, the electronic musical instrument (1) can divide the music piece more appropriately by generating the note data based on the audio data when such note data does not exist.

  The electronic musical instrument (1) according to the present invention further includes a data reading unit that reads the note data together with the audio data from a recording medium that records the audio data using a driver. The recording medium records the note data together with the audio data. An example of such a recording medium is a CD, and an example of such a format is CD-MIDI. That is, the electronic musical instrument (1) can more appropriately divide the music piece based on the note data when the recording medium records the note data together with the audio data.

  Each of the plurality of portions indicates a period from when a musical tone of a plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be pronounced to when a musical tone next to the musical tone of the plurality of musical sounds begins to be pronounced. It is preferable.

  The plurality of parts respectively indicate from the time when one of a plurality of beats constituting the music starts to be pronounced to the time when another beat different from the one of the plurality of beats begins to be pronounced Preferably it is.

  The semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention includes a step (S1 to S5) of dividing the music into a plurality of parts based on audio data indicating the waveform of the music, and a previous time of the plurality of parts in response to a predetermined operation. And a step of automatically playing the next part of the output part. At this time, the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention can perform a so-called one-key performance in which a plurality of parts constituting an arbitrary piece of music are sequentially generated for each predetermined operation, for example, a plurality of musical sounds constituting the piece of music. Can be played with one key for music that is not expressed by note data (for example, MIDI data (SMF)) indicating a plurality of timings at which each of is generated.

  The music is divided into a plurality of parts based on the change in volume of the music. At this time, in the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention, from the time when one of the plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be sounded until the time when the musical sound next to the one musical sound starts to be pronounced. Can be calculated, and the music can be more appropriately divided into a plurality of parts.

  The music is divided into a plurality of parts based on the change in frequency of the music. At this time, in the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention, from the time when one of the plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be sounded until the time when the musical sound next to the one musical sound starts to be pronounced. Can be calculated, and the music can be more appropriately divided into a plurality of parts.

  The music is divided into a plurality of parts based on note data indicating a plurality of timings at which a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music are respectively generated. In other words, the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention can more appropriately divide the music piece into a plurality of parts based on the note data when such note data exists.

  The semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention further includes a step (S4) of calculating the note data based on the audio data. An algorithm for calculating the note data based on the audio data is well known. At this time, the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention can divide the music more appropriately by generating the note data based on the audio data when such note data does not exist.

  The semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention further includes a step (S3) of reading the note data together with the audio data from a recording medium for recording the audio data using a driver. The recording medium records the note data together with the audio data. An example of such a recording medium is a CD, and an example of such a format is CD-MIDI. That is, the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention can more appropriately divide the music piece based on the note data when the recording medium records the note data together with the audio data.

  Each of the plurality of portions indicates a period from when a musical tone of a plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be pronounced to when a musical tone next to the musical tone of the plurality of musical sounds begins to be pronounced. It is preferable.

  The plurality of parts respectively indicate from the time when one of a plurality of beats constituting the music starts to be pronounced to the time when another beat different from the one of the plurality of beats begins to be pronounced Preferably it is.

  The semi-automatic performance program according to the present invention causes a computer to execute the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention.

  According to the electronic musical instrument and the semi-automatic performance method of the present invention, the user can play an arbitrary music piece by a simple operation.

  An embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic musical instrument 1 is connected via a bus 2 so that a plurality of electric circuits can bidirectionally transmit information to each other. The plurality of electric circuits include a CPU 3, a ROM 5, a RAM 6, an external storage device 7, an operation panel display 8, an external interface 10, and a sound source 11.

  The CPU 3 executes a computer program installed in the electronic musical instrument 1 and controls the ROM 5, RAM 6, external storage device 7, operation panel display 8, external interface 10, and sound source 11. The ROM 5 records the computer program. The RAM 6 temporarily records information generated by the CPU 3.

  The external storage device 7 is formed so that a compact disk can be inserted therein. The external storage device 7 reads information recorded on the inserted compact disc and outputs the information to the CPU 3. The compact disc can be replaced with other recording media. Examples of the recording medium include a DVD and a flash memory.

  The operation panel display 8 includes an input device and a display device. The input device includes a keyboard and a plurality of switches. The keyboard has a plurality of keys used for performance. The plurality of keys are formed of a plurality of white keys and a plurality of black keys, and each correspond to a plurality of different pitches. The keyboard outputs to the CPU 3 information for identifying the key that has been pressed and its key strength. The plurality of switches generate information when operated by the user, and output the information to the CPU 3. The display device displays an image generated by the CPU 3.

  The sound source 11 is controlled by the CPU 3 to generate waveform data indicating the waveform of a musical tone, and converts the waveform data into an analog musical tone signal.

  The electronic musical instrument 1 further includes an amplifier 12 and a speaker 14. The amplifier 12 amplifies the analog musical tone signal generated by the sound source 11. The speaker 14 is formed of one or more speakers, and converts the analog tone signal amplified by the amplifier 12 into a tone and emits it.

  The external interface 10 outputs information generated by an external device connected to the electronic musical instrument 1 to the CPU 3 and outputs information generated by the CPU 3 to the external device. As the external device, another acoustic device (headphone) different from the speaker 14 is exemplified. When connected to the electronic musical instrument 1, the acoustic device amplifies an analog musical tone signal generated by the sound source 11, converts the amplified analog musical tone signal into a musical tone, and emits the sound.

  FIG. 2 shows a computer program installed in the electronic musical instrument 1. The computer program includes a data reading unit 21, an analysis unit 22, a music division unit 23, a concert magic unit 24, and a performance unit 25.

  The data reading unit 21 uses the external storage device 7 to read information recorded on the compact disc inserted in the external storage device 7 and identifies a plurality of music pieces recorded on the compact disc based on the information. Read multiple music identification numbers. The data reading unit 21 further selects one piece of music from among the plurality of pieces based on information input via the operation panel display 8, and reads audio data indicating the selected piece of music. The audio data indicates the waveform of the music. The data reading unit 21 further determines whether or not the compact disc has recorded musical note data indicating music, and reads the musical note data when the musical note data is recorded. The note data indicates a plurality of note information corresponding to a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music. The note information indicates the pitch of the corresponding musical sound and the timing at which the musical sound is generated. As such note information, a standard MIDI file (SMF) is exemplified. That is, the data reading unit 21 determines whether or not the compact disc has the audio data recorded in the CD-MIDI format. When the compact disc is recorded in the CD-MIDI format, the data reading unit 21 indicates the selected music. A MIDI file (SMF) is read as note data.

  The analysis unit 22 creates note data by analyzing the audio data read by the data reading unit 21. The note data indicates the pitches of a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music and the timing at which the musical sounds are generated. Such an analysis method is well known, and is applied to, for example, “Band Producer (registered trademark)” manufactured by Kawai Gakki Seisakusho. Further, the analysis unit 22 calculates a plurality of timings at which a plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece start to be generated based on the note data.

  The music dividing unit 23 divides the music indicated by the audio data read by the data reading unit 21 into a plurality of parts at a plurality of timings calculated by the analysis unit 22. Each of the plurality of portions includes a sound of a period from a timing at which one of the plurality of musical sounds constituting the music starts to be pronounced to a timing at which a musical sound that is pronounced next to the one musical tone begins to be pronounced. And is represented by the waveform of the voice. An order is assigned to the plurality of portions. The order matches the order in which the part appears in the song.

  The concert magic unit 24 automatically plays one of the plurality of parts divided by the music dividing unit 23 every time any key on the keyboard of the operation panel display 8 is pressed. At this time, the concert magic unit 24 automatically performs a plurality of parts in order. That is, in response to the key being pressed, the next part of the plurality of parts automatically played last time is automatically played.

  In response to a key being pressed on the keyboard of the operation panel display 8, the performance unit 25 causes the performance volume switch of the operation panel display 8 to output a musical sound corresponding to the key that has been pressed. It is output from the sound device with the performance volume that has been manipulated and updated.

  The embodiment of the semi-automatic performance method according to the present invention is executed by the electronic musical instrument 1 and includes an operation of dividing a musical piece into a plurality of parts and an operation of performing concert magic.

  FIG. 3 shows an operation of dividing a music piece into a plurality of parts. When the user wants to perform a one-key performance on a musical piece using the electronic musical instrument 1, first, the compact disc on which the musical piece is recorded is inserted into the external storage device 7, and the compact disc is operated by operating the operation panel display 8. The music is selected from among a plurality of music recorded in. At this time, the electronic musical instrument 1 reads out the audio data indicating the selected music piece from the compact disc using the external storage device 7 (step S1).

  Next, the electronic musical instrument 1 determines whether or not the note data indicating the music is recorded on the compact disc (step S2). When the musical note data is recorded on the compact disc (step S2, YES), the electronic musical instrument 1 reads the musical note data from the compact disc using the external storage device 7 (step S3). When the note data is not recorded on the compact disc (step S2, NO), the electronic musical instrument 1 analyzes the audio data to calculate note data indicating the music piece (step S4). After step S3 or step S4 is executed, the electronic musical instrument 1 divides the musical piece indicated by the audio data into a plurality of parts based on the note data (step S5).

  The operation of executing the concert magic is executed every time any key on the keyboard of the operation panel display 8 is pressed. The electronic musical instrument 1 responds to the fact that one of the keys of the keyboard of the operation panel display 8 is first pressed after the operation of dividing the music into a plurality of parts is performed. Automatically play the first part. Next, the electronic musical instrument 1 responds to the first key being pressed on any of the keys of the operation panel display 8 so that the next portion of the plurality of portions automatically played last time is selected. Play automatically.

  According to such a semi-automatic performance method, the electronic musical instrument 1 can perform a so-called one-key performance in which an arbitrary musical piece recorded on a CD is played each time any key on the keyboard is pressed.

The electronic musical instrument 1 can also be divided into a plurality of parts by analyzing the audio data by another analysis method different from the method of converting the audio data into note data.
Examples of the analysis method include a method of detecting a frequency change of a waveform indicating music and a volume change of the waveform indicating music. According to such an analysis method, it is possible to divide a musical piece for each musical tone in the same manner as the above-described method for converting audio data into note data.

  The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention can be divided under other conditions by replacing the musical piece with a plurality of parts for each musical sound. Examples of the condition include dividing the music into one beat, dividing into a plurality of beats (for example, every bar), and dividing every predetermined time (for example, every second). . Such an electronic musical instrument is preferable in terms of diversifying one-key performance.

  In addition, the electronic musical instrument 1 can also perform a one-key performance on a music published on the Internet in the same manner as performing a one-key performance on a music recorded on a recording medium. At this time, the electronic musical instrument 1 further includes a device for downloading music via the Internet.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a computer program installed in the electronic musical instrument. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation of dividing a music piece into a plurality of parts.

Explanation of symbols

1: Electronic musical instrument 2: Bus 7: External storage device 8: Operation panel display 10: External interface 11: Sound source 12: Amplifier 14: Speaker 21: Data reading unit 22: Analysis unit 23: Music division unit 24: Concert magic unit 25: Performance part

Claims (17)

A music dividing unit that divides the music into a plurality of parts based on audio data indicating the waveform of the music;
An electronic musical instrument comprising: a concert magic unit that automatically plays a portion next to a previously output portion of the plurality of portions in response to a predetermined operation. In claim 1,
The musical piece dividing unit is an electronic musical instrument that divides the musical piece into the plurality of parts based on a change in volume of the musical piece. In claim 1,
The music dividing unit is an electronic musical instrument that divides the music into the plurality of parts based on a change in frequency of the music. In claim 1,
The electronic musical instrument that divides the music into the plurality of parts based on note data indicating a plurality of timings at which a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music are respectively generated. In claim 4,
An electronic musical instrument further comprising: an analysis unit that calculates the note data based on the audio data. In claim 4,
An electronic musical instrument further comprising: a data reading unit that reads the note data together with the audio data from a recording medium that records the audio data using a driver. In any one of Claims 1-6,
Each of the plurality of portions is an electronic musical instrument that indicates a period from when a musical tone of a plurality of musical sounds constituting the musical piece starts to be pronounced until a musical tone next to the musical tone of the plurality of musical sounds begins to be pronounced . In any one of Claims 1-6,
Each of the plurality of portions indicates a period from when one of a plurality of beats constituting the music starts to be sounded until another beat different from the one of the plurality of beats begins to be sounded. Musical instrument. Dividing the music into a plurality of parts based on audio data indicating the waveform of the music;
A semi-automatic performance method comprising: automatically playing a portion next to a previously output portion of the plurality of portions in response to a predetermined operation. In claim 9,
The music is divided into the plurality of parts based on a change in volume of the music. In claim 9,
The music is divided into the plurality of parts based on a change in the frequency of the music. In claim 9,
The semi-automatic performance method, wherein the music is divided into the plurality of parts based on note data indicating a plurality of timings at which a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music are respectively generated. In claim 12,
A semi-automatic performance method further comprising: calculating the note data based on the audio data. In claim 12,
A semi-automatic performance method further comprising the step of: reading out the note data together with the audio data from a recording medium for recording the audio data using a driver. In any one of Claims 9-14,
Each of the plurality of portions indicates a period from when a musical tone of a plurality of musical sounds constituting the music starts to be played until a musical tone next to the musical tone of the plurality of musical sounds starts to be generated. Method. In any one of Claims 9-14,
Each of the plurality of portions indicates from when one of a plurality of beats constituting the music starts to be sounded until another beat different from the one of the plurality of beats begins to be sounded How to play. A semi-automatic performance program for causing a computer to execute the semi-automatic performance method according to any one of claims 9 to 16.

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