JP2009236880A - Standard exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly recognize a reproducibility of an unbalance measuring device. <P>SOLUTION: A standard exciter 10 includes an exciter body 11 formed to be mounted on a mount 4 on which a rotating machine of the unbalance measuring device 1 is mounted during a measurement of unbalance in the same mounted state as that of the rotating machine, a vibration generator 12 fixed to the exciter body 11 to give a vibration to the exciter body 11 and a controller 13 for controlling the vibration generator 12. The exciter body 11 is excited by the vibration generator 12 fixed to the exciter body 11, so that the reproducibility of an exciting force is good. Thus, the vibration for recognizing the reproducibility can be given to the unbalance measuring device 1 by an accurate exciting force, thereby the variations of the exciting force can be eliminated and the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device 1 can be properly recognized. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reference vibration exciter that is attached to an unbalance measuring device of a rotating machine and applies vibration for reproducibility confirmation to the unbalance measuring device.

  For example, in the manufacture of high-speed rotating machines such as turbochargers, in order to inspect and correct the balance performance at the time of product high-speed rotation, a high-speed rotation balance test is performed to measure the unbalance amount and correct the unbalance. . An unbalance measuring device is used to measure the unbalance amount.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an unbalance measuring apparatus 30 disclosed in Patent Document 1 below.
The unbalance measuring device 30 is configured as a measuring device for the supercharger 41, and a plurality of spring elements 33 are fixed to the upper surface of the base 32 fixed to the floor surface 31, and the upper portion of the round bar 33 is raised. A vibration table 35 in which a plate 34 is fixed and supported, a turbine casing (product mounting mount) 37 fixed on the vibration table 35 with a bolt 44 via a turbine casing mounting plate 36, and a turbine casing. Based on the detection signals from the acceleration sensor 38 attached to the attachment plate 36, the rotation detector 39 disposed near the tip of the compressor impeller 42 of the supercharger 41, and the detection signals from the acceleration sensor 38 and the rotation detector 39. And an arithmetic unit 40 for calculating the quantity and the position.

  When unbalance measurement is performed by the above-described unbalance measuring device 30, the turbocharger 41 is attached to the turbine casing 37 and air is introduced into the turbine casing 37 to rotate the turbine impeller 43 of the supercharger 41. When the turbocharger rotor including the turbine impeller 43, the shaft 44, and the compressor impeller 42 is rotated and reaches a predetermined rotational speed for imbalance measurement, the acceleration sensor 38 detects the acceleration (vibration) and detects the rotation. The rotation angle is detected by the calculator 39, and the unbalance amount and position are calculated by the calculator 40 based on the detection signal.

JP 2002-39904 A

  In an unbalance measuring device, in order to stably detect an unbalance amount of a rotating machine product with a certain accuracy, the device is calibrated at an appropriate timing not only during the manufacturing of the measuring device but also after the manufacturing. There is a need. For example, it is necessary to replace the product mounting mount (turbine casing 37 in FIG. 3) according to the type of product for which the unbalance measurement is performed, and the mount fixing bolt (bolt 44 in FIG. 3) at the time of this replacement is required. Since the reproducibility may be affected by the tightening condition or the like, it is necessary to confirm and calibrate the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device.

  Conventionally, when checking and calibrating reproducibility of an unbalance measuring apparatus, a reference rotating body, for example, a selected non-defective product having excellent vibration characteristics of a measured body is attached to the mount, and the reference rotating body is driven to rotate. However, the reproducibility of the excitation force of the reference rotator is poor due to deterioration of the reference rotator, changes in vibration state due to environmental conditions, and variations. For this reason, the reproducibility of the excitation force of the reference rotator is poor. However, it is difficult to determine whether the reproducibility of the measurement apparatus is poor, and it is difficult to properly check the reproducibility of the unbalance measurement apparatus.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said problem, and makes it a subject to provide the reference | standard vibrator which enables the appropriate confirmation of the reproducibility of an unbalance measuring device.

In order to solve the above problems, the reference vibrator of the present invention employs the following technical means.
(1) The present invention is a reference vibration exciter that is attached to an unbalance measuring device of a rotating machine and applies vibration for confirming reproducibility to the unbalance measuring device. The rotating machine is attached to the unbalance measuring device. An exciter body configured to be attached to the mount for mounting in the same mounting state as the rotating machine, a vibration generator fixed to the exciter body and applying vibration to the exciter body, And a control device for controlling the vibration generator.
Here, the “vibration generator” includes not only those that generate an excitation force in one direction without mechanical rotation, but also those that generate vibration by mechanical rotation, for example, high-precision spindle motors or the like. This includes a rotating body with an unbalanced weight.

  According to the configuration of the present invention described above, since the vibration is generated by the vibration generator fixed to the main body of the vibrator, the excitation force is different from the conventional standard rotating body equivalent to the rotating machine product that is the measured body. Good reproducibility. As a result, vibration for reproducibility confirmation can be given to the unbalance measuring device with accurate excitation force, so that variations in excitation force can be eliminated and the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device can be confirmed properly. Can do.

(2) In the reference vibration exciter according to (1), the vibration generator is a one-way vibration generator that generates a one-way vibration force.

  According to said structure, a stable vibration can be given by using the one-way vibration exciter which does not accompany mechanical rotation as a vibration generator.

(3) Further, in the reference vibration exciter of (2), the one-way vibration exciter is an inertia type vibration exciter that generates a vibration force by a reaction force that vibrates an inertia mass. .

  According to said structure, the stable sine wave-form excitation force can be given to the mount of an unbalance measuring device by using an inertial type vibration exciter. Thereby, the vibration very similar to the vibration which a rotary machine product generate | occur | produces can be correctly given to an imbalance measuring device.

(4) Further, in the reference shaker of (2) or (3), a force sensor is disposed between the shaker body and the one-way shaker.

  According to the above configuration, the fluctuation of the vibration generator's excitation force can be corrected by measuring the excitation force generated by the vibration generator with a force sensor and measuring the true excitation force on the mount. Can do.

(5) Moreover, in the reference vibration exciter in any one of the above (1) to (4), two vibration generators are fixed to the vibration exciter body so that the mutual excitation directions are orthogonal to each other, The control device controls the two vibration generators so as to draw a Lissajous circle of the excitation force.

  According to the above configuration, an excitation force similar to the rotation excitation force generated by an actual rotary machine product can be simulated by drawing a Lissajous circle of the excitation force using two inertial type shakers. . As a result, a more accurate simulation of the excitation force is possible, so that the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device can be confirmed in more detail.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device can be properly confirmed.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a reference vibration exciter 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a reference vibration exciter 10 in a state of being fixed to the unbalance measuring device 1 is shown.

First, the configuration of the unbalance measuring device 1 will be described.
The unbalance measuring device 1 includes a base 2 fixed to a floor surface, a plurality of rod-shaped spring members 3 fixed on the base 2 and functioning as springs, and a mount 4 fixed and supported on the upper part of the support column. The vibration sensor 5 attached to the mount 4, a rotation detector (not shown), and a calculator 17 for calculating the unbalance amount and position are provided.

The number of spring members 3 and the spring constant are set to appropriate numbers and values according to the material (hardness) of the spring member 3 and the frequency (number of rotations) at which unbalance measurement is performed.
The mount 4 is configured so that a rotating machine product (for example, a supercharger) can be mounted. In FIG. 1, the reference shaker 10 is mounted on the mount 4, but a rotating machine product is mounted when performing unbalance measurement.

The vibration sensor 5 may be any sensor that can detect vibration, similar to that used in conventional unbalance measurement. For example, an acceleration sensor, a speed sensor, or a displacement sensor may be used alone or in combination. Good.
Although not shown, the rotation detector is arranged in the vicinity of the rotating shaft of the rotating machine mounted on the mount 4 when performing unbalance measurement, and detects the rotation angle of the rotating shaft from the reference position. To do.

  The calculator 17 calculates the unbalance amount and position based on detection signals from the vibration sensor 5 and the rotation detector. Although this point is the same as that of the prior art, the calculator 17 further calculates the mechanical impedance of the mount 4 based on the detection signal from the force sensor 16 and the detection signal from the vibration sensor 5. Details of this point will be described later.

  Next, the configuration of the reference shaker 10 will be described.

In FIG. 1, the reference shaker 10 includes a shaker body 11, a vibration generator 12, and a control device 13.
The vibration exciter body 11 has an attachment portion 11a having the same shape as the mount attachment portion of the rotating machine that attempts to simulate vibration. The fixing means (not shown) for attaching the vibrator main body 11 to the mount 4 is the same as the fixing means for attaching the rotating machine to the mount 4. Thereby, the vibrator main body 11 is comprised so that it may be attached to the mount 4 of the unbalance measuring device 1 in the attachment state equivalent to a rotary machine.

  It is preferable that the mass and the gravity center position of the vibrator main body 11 are set so as to be equivalent to the mass and the gravity center position of a rotating machine that attempts to simulate vibration. Thereby, the vibration of the rotating machine can be faithfully simulated. Although the shape of the rotating machine may be simulated in the shape of the vibrator main body 11, since it is not so important from the viewpoint of vibration simulation, the configuration example in FIG. 1 simulates the shape of the rotating machine. Absent.

  The vibration generator 12 is fixed to the shaker body 11 and applies vibration to the shaker body 11. The vibration generator 12 can be mechanically rotated as long as it can generate vibrations at a frequency corresponding to at least the unbalance measurement rotation speed by being driven by electromagnetic energy. Also good.

  Therefore, the vibration generator 12 may be a high-precision rotating body such as a high-speed spindle motor with an unbalanced weight. However, from the viewpoint of providing stable vibration, the vibration generator 12 has a unidirectional excitation force (that is, a linear force). A one-way vibrator that generates a vibration force) is preferable. As such a one-way shaker, a piezoelectric element (piezoelectric element) that generates a vibration force by converting a voltage into a force, or an inertia-type shaker that generates a vibration force by a reaction force that an inertia mass vibrates. Can be applied.

  In the present embodiment, the vibration generator 12 is an inertia type shaker. Since the inertia type vibration exciter can provide a stable sinusoidal excitation force to the mount 4 of the unbalance measuring device 1, it can accurately measure unbalanced vibrations very similar to those generated by rotating machinery products. The device 1 can be given.

  In the configuration example of FIG. 1, the vibration generator 12 (inertia-type vibration exciter) is excited in the direction of arrow A (horizontal direction) in the figure, and the vibration sensor 5 is also mounted so as to detect horizontal vibration. 4 is attached to the side surface. If necessary, an inertial shaker and a vibration sensor 5 may be arranged so as to simulate and detect vertical vibration.

In FIG. 1, the line indicated by reference numeral a <b> 1 is the rotation center line of the rotation shaft of the rotating machine when the rotating machine is mounted on the mount 4. A line indicated by a2 is a center line of the vibration generator 12 in the excitation direction.
In the configuration example of FIG. 1, the vibration generator 12 is arranged such that the center line a <b> 2 in the excitation direction intersects the rotation center line a <b> 1 of the rotating machine to simulate vibration perpendicularly. With this configuration, it is possible to faithfully simulate the vibration generated by the rotating shaft of the rotating machine.

  The vibration generator 12 is controlled by the control device 13. In this embodiment, since the vibration generator 12 is an inertia type exciter, the control device 13 includes a sine wave oscillator 14 and an amplifier 15, and gives a sine wave signal to the vibration generator 12 to obtain a desired frequency. (Frequency) is controlled.

  In the configuration example of FIG. 1, a force sensor 16 is disposed between the vibrator main body 11 and the vibration generator 12. As the force sensor 16, a load cell, a piezoelectric element, or the like can be used. The detection signal of the force sensor 16 is input to the calculator 17. In the reference exciter 10 of the present invention, the force sensor 16 is not an essential component, but the excitation force generated by the vibration generator 12 is measured by the force sensor 16 and the true excitation force to the mount 4 is obtained. By measuring, variation in the excitation force of the vibration generator 12 can also be corrected.

  In order to check and calibrate the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device 1 using the reference shaker 10 described above, the reference shaker 10 is mounted on the mount 4 and the unbalance measurement is performed under the control of the control device 13. The vibration of the vibration generator 12 is controlled so as to be the frequency of the hour, the excitation force is detected by the force sensor 16, the vibration is detected by the vibration sensor 5, and the mechanical impedance I of the mount 4 is calculated by the calculator 17. .

  Here, the mechanical impedance I (ω) of the mount 4 is such that the excitation force of the vibration generator 12 is A (ω), for example, Fsinωt, and the output of the vibration sensor 5 is B (ω), for example, αsin ( When ωt + φ), it is given by I (ω) = B (ω) / A (ω). Therefore, reproducibility can be confirmed based on whether or not the measured mechanical impedance I of the mount 4 matches the reference impedance at that frequency, or whether it is within an allowable error range.

  If the measured mechanical impedance I does not match the reference impedance or is not within an allowable error range, the mechanical impedance I is calibrated so that it is appropriate by adjusting the mounting condition of the mount 4. I do.

  Further, in addition to evaluating the mechanical impedance I at the frequency at the time of unbalance measurement, the mechanical impedance I may be obtained for the entire rotation speed of the product and evaluated.

  If the force sensor 16 is not installed in the reference vibration exciter 10, the vibration force of the vibration generator 12 cannot be detected. In this case, the vibration force of the vibration generator 12 is acquired in advance. This can be used when calculating the mechanical impedance.

According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, the following effects can be obtained.
Since the vibration is generated by the vibration generator 12 fixed to the vibrator main body 11, the reproducibility of the excitation force is good unlike a conventional reference rotating body equivalent to a rotating machine product that is a measured object. As a result, vibration for confirming reproducibility can be applied to the unbalance measuring device 1 with an accurate excitation force, thereby eliminating variations in the excitation force and checking the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device 1 appropriately. can do.

  By using a one-way shaker that does not involve mechanical rotation as the vibration generator 12, stable vibration can be applied. In particular, a stable sinusoidal excitation force can be applied to the mount 4 of the unbalance measuring device 1 by using an inertial type exciter. Thereby, the vibration very similar to the vibration which a rotary machine product generate | occur | produces can be given to the imbalance measuring device 1 correctly.

  By measuring the excitation force generated by the vibration generator 12 with the force sensor 16 and measuring the true excitation force on the mount 4, variations in the excitation force of the vibration generator 12 can also be corrected.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the reference shaker 10 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the two inertial-type shakers 12a and 12b are fixed to the shaker body 11 so that the excitation directions are orthogonal to each other. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, one inertial type shaker 12a is referred to as a first shaker 12a, and the other inertial type shaker 12b is referred to as a second shaker 12b. The first shaker 12a is arranged to generate a vibration force in the direction of arrow A (horizontal direction). The second shaker 12b is arranged to generate a vibration force in the direction of arrow B (vertical direction).

  Force sensors 16a and 16b are arranged between the first shaker 12a and the shaker body 11, and between the second shaker 12b and the shaker body 11, respectively. Detection signals from the two force sensors 16 a and 16 b are input to the calculator 17.

  In FIG. 2, the line indicated by reference sign a <b> 1 is the rotation center line of the rotation shaft of the rotating machine when the rotating machine is mounted on the mount 4. The line indicated by reference sign a2 is the center line in the excitation direction of the first shaker 12a. The line indicated by reference sign a3 is the center line in the excitation direction of the second shaker 12b. In the configuration example of FIG. 2, the first shaker 12 a is arranged so that the center line a <b> 2 in the direction of vibration intersects the rotation center line a <b> 1 of the rotating machine to simulate vibrations perpendicularly. . The second shaker 12b is arranged so that the center line a3 in the direction of vibration intersects the rotation center line a1 of the rotating machine to simulate the vibration perpendicularly. With this configuration, it is possible to faithfully simulate the vibration generated by the rotating shaft of the rotating machine.

  The control device 13 controls the first shaker 12a and the second shaker 12b so as to draw a Lissajous circle of the excitation force. Specifically, the control device 13 includes a sine wave oscillator 14a and an amplifier 15a for controlling the first vibrator 12a, and a cosine wave oscillator 14b and an amplifier 15b for controlling the second vibrator 12b. The phase difference between the oscillating force of the sine wave signal sent to the first shaker 12a and the cosine wave signal sent to the second shaker 12b is set to π / 2 or −π / 2. Draw a Lissajous circle.

  The mount 4 of the unbalance measuring device 1 is attached with a vibration sensor 5a for detecting horizontal vibration and a vibration sensor 5b for detecting vertical vibration. The detection signals of the two vibration sensors 5a and 5b are input to the computing unit 17.

  Since other configurations of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, description thereof will be omitted.

  In order to confirm and calibrate the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device 1 using the reference shaker 10 of the second embodiment described above, the reference shaker 10 is mounted on the mount 4 and the control by the control device 13 is performed. Below, the first shaker 12a and the second shaker 12b are controlled so as to have the frequency at the time of unbalance measurement, and the two force sensors 16a and 16b detect the excitation force and the two vibration sensors 5a, The vibration is detected at 5b, and the calculator 17 calculates the horizontal mechanical impedance I1 and the vertical mechanical impedance I2 of the mount 4.

Here, the horizontal mechanical impedance I1 (ω) is calculated as follows: I1 (ω) = B1 (when the excitation force of the first shaker 12a is A1 (ω) and the output of the vibration sensor 55a is B1 (ω). ω) / A1 (ω).
The mechanical impedance I2 (ω) in the vertical direction is I2 (ω) = B2 (ω) where A2 (ω) is the excitation force of the second shaker 12b and B2 (ω) is the output of the vibration sensor 55b. / A2 (ω).
Therefore, the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring apparatus 1 can be evaluated using the mechanical impedances I1 and I2 and the phase difference between them.

  According to the present embodiment, an excitation force similar to the rotation excitation force generated by an actual rotating machine product is simulated by drawing a Lissajous circle of the excitation force by the two inertial type shakers 12a and 12b. be able to. As a result, a more accurate simulation of the excitation force is possible, so that the reproducibility of the unbalance measuring device 1 can be confirmed in more detail. Other functions and effects obtained by this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In the above-described embodiment, the reference vibrator 10 of the present invention is used for reproducibility confirmation and calibration of the unbalance measuring device 1 when the mount 4 is replaced (exchanged). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is effective for adjustment work such as reproducibility confirmation and calibration of the unbalance measuring device 1 even when the mount 4 is used without being replaced.
The frequency used for excitation is not limited to a constant value, and the reproducibility of vibrations in a wide frequency range may be evaluated by gradually increasing or decreasing the rotation speed region of the rotating machine of the measured object. It is also possible to measure the mechanical impedance instantaneously by applying an impulse signal, pink noise, and white noise.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the description of the scope of claims, and further includes meanings equivalent to the description of the scope of claims and all modifications within the scope.

It is a schematic block diagram of the reference | standard vibration exciter concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the reference | standard vibration exciter concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a configuration diagram of an unbalance measuring device disclosed in Patent Document 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Unbalance measuring device 2 Base 3 Spring member 4 Mount 5, 5a, 5b Vibration sensor 10 Reference vibration machine 11 Vibration body 11a Attachment part 12 Vibration generator 12a First vibration machine 12b Second vibration machine 13 Control Devices 14, 14a Sine wave oscillator 14b Cosine wave oscillators 15, 15a, 15b Amplifier 16 Force sensor 17 Calculator

Claims (5)

A reference shaker that is attached to an unbalance measuring device of a rotating machine and applies vibration for confirming reproducibility to the unbalance measuring device,
A vibrator main body configured to be attached to a mount for attaching the rotating machine in the unbalance measuring device in an attachment state equivalent to the rotating machine;
A vibration generator fixed to the vibrator main body and applying vibration to the vibrator main body;
And a control device that controls the vibration generator.   The reference shaker according to claim 1, wherein the vibration generator is a one-way shaker that generates a one-way excitation force.   3. The reference shaker according to claim 2, wherein the one-way shaker is an inertia type shaker that generates a vibrating force by a reaction force that vibrates an inertial mass. 4.   The reference shaker according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a force sensor is disposed between the shaker body and the one-way shaker. Two vibration generators are fixed to the vibrator main body so that the mutual excitation directions are orthogonal to each other,
The reference exciter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control device controls the two vibration generators so as to draw a Lissajous circle of the excitation force.

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