JP2009235816A - Stairway - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a folding staircase which can be installed at low cost and scarcely needs an installation space. <P>SOLUTION: The folding staircase is constituted by arranging a plurality of treads 3 on the sidewall surface 1 in a house so that they do not overlap each other in the horizontal direction, and they form step heights mutually in the horizontal direction. The plurality of treads constitute a step 2 for ascending and descending. One end of the tread 3 is joined to the sidewall surface 1 by a hinge 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an indoor foldable or assembled staircase that does not take up space during normal use (when not in use) and can be easily installed and used when necessary (when used).

The mainstream of staircases used in emergencies is the one that is installed outdoors, and it is an emergency staircase that can be unfolded in an emergency and connected between the floors of a high-rise building, and can be folded and stored in a veranda. (Patent Document 1). This device constitutes an emergency ladder by a link mechanism consisting of a plurality of protective balustrades and connecting levers. When used, the emergency ladder is deployed from one floor veranda to the lower floor veranda by its own weight. It can be folded by pulling the part with a wire rope.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 8-1498

Also, as an assembly-type staircase that is attached to the building, it can be installed freely after the building is constructed separately from the construction of the emergency staircase and building, and the parts that are unitized into the smallest unit in the factory are installed at the construction site. A device for assembling is disclosed (Patent Document 2).
This device is a stair unit and landing unit in which a single pillar is erected substantially vertically and a tread is projected in the form of a cantilever on the outer surface of a cylindrical body having a mounting hole inserted into the pillar. Are assembled by stacking them in a spiral shape around a column via positioning means.
Registered Utility Model No. 3034236

Furthermore, a folding emergency staircase is disclosed that is placed at a high place that is not costly and does not interfere with the running of trains and automobiles, and is used by being pulled down (Patent Document 3). The present invention comprises a fixed column erected at a high place, a movable column having one end bent at the upper end of the fixed column so as to be bent only in a low direction, and a lower end at the other end of the movable column. A staircase that is mounted so that it can be bent in a certain direction, and stands at the same height on the lower side of the fixed column, and at the upper end between the mounting points of the movable column. And a gas spring mounted in (1).
JP 2003-301680 A

  However, since the device described in Patent Document 1 requires a space for installing the main body of the emergency staircase, it is unsuitable for indoor use. The device described in Patent Document 2 requires installation costs, and In order to carry out the present invention indoors, since the installation place is small, it is not suitable for an indoor emergency staircase. Since the folding emergency stair described in Patent Document 3 is arranged at a high place and is used by being pulled down very much, there is a problem that a considerable space is required to install the emergency staircase body. .

  An object of the present invention is to provide an indoor folding or assembling staircase that is inexpensive to install and requires little installation space.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first invention disclosed in the present application is directed to a vertical direction in which a plurality of footboards constituting a lifting step are not overlapped in the horizontal direction on the side wall surface of the house. Is a staircase arranged so as to have a step difference between each other, and one end of the tread plate is joined to the side wall surface via a hinge and folded.

  According to a second invention to be disclosed, an element is added to the first invention. The tread plate includes a support arm and a guide, and the support arm has a stopper at one end thereof. The guide has the stopper slidably housed, and has a stopper engaging portion at one end facing the hinge, and the other end of the arm is supported by a support portion installed on the side wall surface. It is a foldable stairs characterized by joining so that rotation is possible.

  The third invention to be disclosed is also an element added to the first invention, wherein the tread plate includes a support arm, and the support arm is rotatable at one end of the tread plate in a direction facing the hinge. A guide having a stopper at one end different from the part to be joined, the stopper being slidably housed on the side wall and having a stopper engaging portion at the lower end. It is a foldable staircase characterized by comprising.

  A fourth invention to be disclosed is obtained by adding a handrail element to the first to third inventions, and at one end of the tread plate in a direction facing the hinge joined to the side wall surface, Is a foldable staircase in which one or a plurality of the footboard and the handrail are joined via another hinge, and the handrail is inverted by opening the footboard.

  According to a fifth invention to be disclosed, a plurality of footboards constituting the steps for raising and lowering are arranged on the side wall surface of the house so as not to overlap each other in the horizontal direction and to form steps in the vertical direction. When the stairs are not used, the tread plate is hooked or fitted to the side wall surface so that the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical, and when the stairs are used, the treads are detached. The ascending / descending step is constituted by inserting the detached tread plate into the side wall surface having a groove for fitting the tread plate substantially horizontally in the longitudinal direction. .

  According to a sixth invention to be disclosed, elements are added to the first to fifth inventions, and the second side wall surface facing the side wall surface is provided to support the other end of the tread plate. It is a foldable or assembled staircase characterized by comprising a stop.

  According to the present invention, the tread plate constituting the step for raising and lowering is folded on the side wall surface of the house, or is detachably hooked or fitted so that it does not take up much space when not used as a staircase. When used, the stair can be easily constructed by opening the folded tread board or removing the tread board from the side wall and assembling.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Example 1
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a folding staircase. In order to construct the raising / lowering step 2 on the side wall surface 1 in the house, a plurality of tread plates 3 are installed in a cantilever shape on the side wall surface 1 (the tread plate 3c is folded in the direction of the side wall surface 1 with a dotted line. The one with it open is represented by a solid line). Here, the footboards 3 do not overlap each other in the horizontal direction (in order to prevent the adjacent footboards 3 from contacting each other when the footboards 3 are opened from the folded state), and in the vertical direction. Are arranged so as to form a step.

  The tread board 3 is installed on the side wall surface 1 by a hinge 4 at one end thereof. Since the total weight of the person is applied to the tread board 3 as a load, a correspondingly strong material and thickness are required. In addition, since the person passes, the length is about 70 to 80 cm in consideration of the width of the person. That is necessary. Since the total weight of the person is also applied to the hinge 4 as a load, it is necessary to make it large and sturdy. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the footboard 3 from the horizontal direction. (A) and (c) of FIG. 2 are the ones that appear on the surface of the side wall surface 1 when the tread plate 3 is folded (the one in which the tread plate 3 is attached to the flat side wall surface 1). ) And (d) are provided with a storage space (indentation) 5 that can store the tread plate 3 on the side wall surface 1, and folding the tread plate 3 into the storage space 5, so that the convex part of the folding staircase generated on the side wall surface 1 It can be reduced as much as possible.

  Also, the attachment method of the hinge 4 includes the types (a) and (b) in FIG. 2 and the types (c) and (d) in FIG. The former can provide a wider joint surface with the side wall surface 1 and the footboard 3 and can easily obtain the necessary hinge strength, but the latter can be configured more neatly. In FIG. 2, the footboard 3 folded in the direction of the side wall surface 1 is represented by a solid line, and the footboard 3 in a state in which it is opened is represented by a dotted line.

  This foldable staircase can be installed in a house with a home elevator. In other words, the upper and lower floors are lifted and lifted exclusively by elevators, and a typical installation example is when the installation of permanent stairs is omitted for effective use of space. If the elevator breaks down due to a disaster or cannot be operated due to a power outage, if it is equipped with this foldable staircase, people on the upper floor can also go down to the first floor and evacuate by themselves. .

  In order for a person on the upper floor to descend to the lower floor using this staircase, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a part of the corridor portion of the second-floor floor board 102 is a door 103. Open and secure a hole of a size that can be passed by a person connected to the first floor and the second floor (in FIG. 3, the door 103 is shown as a solid line in the closed state and a dotted line in the open state). And if the stepping plate 3 of the foldable staircase installed on the side wall surface of the first floor is opened sequentially from the upper stepping plate 3a through this hole, the elevating step 2 leading to the first floor can be constructed and descended. The door 103 is not necessarily provided in the hallway, and may be provided in a room on the second floor. Also, in order to prevent some of the footboards 3 installed at the upper part from coming into contact with the ceiling on the first floor, the footboard 3 should be folded downward rather than upward, or the footboard 3 folded downward may be pulled up. A string may be attached to one end of the footboard 3 for opening.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a folding staircase is provided on the side wall surface 1 of the upper and lower floor atrium part 105 (which is a structure often seen at the entrance in a detached house). Opening and closing handrail 106 is opened, and stepping plate 3 of the folding staircase is sequentially opened from the top, so that step 2 for raising and lowering can be configured and descended to the first floor. In this case, a normal door may be used in addition to the handrail 106. In FIG. 4, the closed state of the door 106 is represented by a solid line, and the opened state is represented by a dotted line.

(Example 2)
In the staircase of the first embodiment, only the hinge 4 is a movable part, and the structure is simple. However, since the structure is a cantilever structure, the strength of the hinge 4 needs to be considerably large. Therefore, it is possible to provide an arm for supporting the tread plate 3 so as to support the tread plate 3 in addition to the hinge 4.

There are two types of reinforcement by this arm.
The first is shown in FIG. The tread plate 3 includes a support arm 6 and a guide 7 having a groove inside. The guide 7 can also serve to reinforce the strength of the footboard 3. The support arm 6 has a stopper 8 at one end thereof. The stopper 8 is slidably accommodated in a groove of the guide 7 and has a locking portion 9 for the stopper 8 at one end in a direction facing the hinge 4. Further, the other end of the support arm 6 is joined by the support portion 10 installed on the side wall surface 1 so as to be rotatable. Further, there may be a plurality of support arms 6 and guides 7 (a plurality are easier to obtain strength, and the tread board 3 can be made thinner). In addition, the dotted line part of Fig.5 (a) is a thing of the state which opened the tread board 3. FIG.

  With such a configuration, when the stopper 8 slides in the groove of the guide 7, the support arm 6 is moved by the vertical movement of the tread plate 3, and when the tread plate 3 is leveled, the stopper 8 is engaged with the locking portion. It is possible to obtain a stable staircase (which constitutes the stepping plate 3) that is stopped by the step 9 and increased in strength.

  The second reinforcement by the arm is as shown in FIG. 6 and differs in that the guide 7 is attached to the side plate 1 in the second reinforcement while the guide 7 is attached to the tread plate 3 in the first reinforcement.

That is, the support arm 6 is joined to the foot plate 3 at the joint 11 so as to be rotatable at one end of the foot plate 3 in the direction facing the hinge 4, and a stopper 8 is provided at the other end of the support arm 6. Yes. A guide 7 is provided on the side wall surface 1, and a stopper 8 is slidably accommodated in the guide 7, and a locking portion 9 for the stopper 8 is provided at the lower end of the guide 7.
Here, in order for the support arm 6 to dodge the hinge 4, the support arm 6 is not linear but bulged outward (side away from the side wall surface 1), or the joint portion 11 is slightly larger. There are various measures such as. Incidentally, in FIG. 6 (a), it is a case where it is inflated to the outside in the shape of a "<", and the dotted line portion is the state where the tread plate 3 is opened.

  With such a configuration, the stopper 8 slides in the groove of the guide 7 so that the support arm 6 can be moved by the vertical movement of the tread plate 3, and when the tread plate 3 is leveled, the stopper 8 is engaged with the locking portion. It is possible to obtain a stable staircase (which constitutes a step board 3) that stops at 9 and has increased strength.

(Example 3)
In some cases, it is better to provide handrails so that elderly people can safely get off the second floor to the first floor. The handrail can be installed on the side wall surface 1 separately from the folding staircase, but in the third embodiment, a handrail element is added to the folding staircase.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), at one end of the foot plate 3 facing the hinge 4 that joins the foot plate 3 to the side wall surface 1, a plurality of rows (a row, b row and c row in FIG. 7). (3) The footboard and the handrail side plate 108 are individually joined to each other via another hinge 107, and are formed across the upper ends of a plurality of (three in row a, b and c) in FIG. This is a folding staircase composed of a handrail main body 109.

  In this foldable staircase, when the stepping plate 3 that is folded and in a substantially vertical state is opened and rubbed with a substantially horizontal state, a plurality of (3 in a row, b row, and c row in FIG. The tread board 3 can be opened at once. FIG. 7 (b) shows the opened state, and FIG. 7 (c) is a view of FIG. 7 (b) viewed from the A direction (the end of the reference numeral in FIG. 7 (c)). a, b, and c indicate that they correspond to the columns a, b, and c, respectively). Although it is possible to attach this handrail across all the treads 3 that physically constitute the folding staircase, moving the treads 3 requires appropriate arm strength, so it can be moved even with the strength of the elderly and children. It is appropriate to provide a handrail body 109 that straddles two to three treads 3 as possible.

  Further, FIG. 8A shows a form in which the handrail side plate 2 is not used. In other words, the hinge 107 is joined to the handrail 110 in which the side members 108 and the main body 109 are integrated (in the example shown in FIG. 8, row a, row b, and row c) and the foot plate 3 is opened. Steps shown in FIG. 8B can be formed. FIG. 8B also shows a person 111, which shows a specific image of the relationship with the folding staircase.

Example 4
In the first embodiment, the hinge 4 is used, and when the mechanical strength cannot be obtained, there is the second embodiment using the support arm 6. However, the fourth embodiment does not use these mechanical support mechanisms.
As shown in FIG. 9, this is fitted in the storage space 5 so that the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical so that the tread plate 3 constituting the elevating step 2 can be detached (not shown, but the storage space 5 is provided). First, a hanging bracket is provided on the side wall surface 1 and a hole or the like is provided in the tread plate 3, and the tread plate 3 may be hooked on this bracket.) When using stairs, the tread plate 3 is detached from the storage space 5, The elevating step 2 is configured by fitting the longitudinal direction of the tread plate 3 approximately horizontally into the groove 12 provided in the side wall surface 1.

  The fourth embodiment requires the effort of assembling the stairs, but has the advantage that there is no mechanical part, the cost can be reduced, and the maintenance cost is hardly required.

(Example 5)
This embodiment can be applied in common to the first to fourth embodiments described so far. That is, in each of Examples 1 to 4, the tread plate 3 was joined to the side wall surface 1 in the form of a cantilever, but in Example 5, as shown in FIG. An engaging portion 14 for supporting the other end of the tread plate 3 is provided on the second side wall surface 13 that faces, and supported at both ends of the tread plate.

  FIG. 10 (a) is an example in Example 1 (the method of joining to the side wall surface 1 corresponds to FIG. 2 (a)), and in the middle of opening the tread plate 3 from the substantially vertical state to the substantially horizontal state, In order not to come into contact with the second side wall surface 13, it is necessary to incline one end of the tread plate 3 placed on the locking portion 14 or to slightly increase the width of the locking portion 14.

  FIG. 10B shows an example in Example 4 (corresponding to FIG. 9). In this case, it is not necessary to newly provide the groove 12 on the side wall surface 1, and the storage space 5 can be substituted (FIG. 10B substitutes the storage space 5).

It is a state figure which shows the outline | summary (The folding state etc. of the footboard 3 which comprises the step 2 for raising / lowering) of a folding-type staircase. It is the state figure of the side which carried out four illustrations about the structure of the side wall surface 1, the footboard 3, and the hinge 4, and a folding function. It is a side view of the example which provides the door 103 in the 2nd floor board 102 in an actual house, and lets a person pass through by the hole by this. It is a side view of the example which provided the folding-type staircase in the side wall surface 1 of the atrium part 105 of the 1st floor 2nd floor. It is the schematic of Example 2 which concerns on 2nd invention (thing using an arm) disclosed. (A) is a side view, (b) is a front view. It is the schematic of Example 2 which concerns on the disclosed 3rd invention (It uses an arm and the attachment of the arm 6 is reverse to 2nd invention.). (A) is a side view, (b) is a front view. It is the schematic of Example 3 which concerns on 4th invention (those with a handrail) disclosed. (A) And (b) is a side view, (c) is a front view from A direction shown to (b) of (b). It is the schematic (side view) of Example 3 which concerns on 4th invention (thing with a handrail and the handrail side plate and the handrail main body are integrated). It is the schematic of Example 4 which concerns on the disclosed 5th invention. (A) is a side view, (b) is a front view. It is the schematic of Example 5 which concerns on 6th invention disclosed. (A) is a side view in the case of FIG. 2 (a), (b) is a side view in the case of simplification of FIG. 9 (a).

Explanation of symbols

100 Elevator body 101 Elevator opening 104 Room door

Claims (6)

On the side wall of the house, a plurality of treads constituting the steps for raising and lowering are arranged so as not to overlap each other in the horizontal direction and to form steps in the vertical direction.
One end of the tread plate is joined to the side wall surface via a hinge. The foldable staircase of claim 1,
The tread plate includes a guide arm having a support arm of the tread plate having a stopper at one end and a stopper in which the stopper is slidably housed and a stopper engaging portion of the stopper at one end facing the hinge,
A folding staircase, wherein the other end of the arm is joined so as to be rotatable by a support portion installed on the side wall surface. The foldable staircase of claim 1,
A support arm for the tread plate that is joined to be rotatable at one end of the tread plate in a direction facing the hinge and has a stopper at one end different from the joined portion;
A foldable staircase, characterized in that the stopper is slidably housed on the side wall surface and has a guide having a stopper engaging portion at the lower end. The foldable stairs according to claims 1 to 3,
A foldable staircase, wherein one or a plurality of the footboards and a handrail part are joined at one end of the footboards in a direction facing the hinges via a hinge different from the hinges. A plurality of treads constituting the steps for raising and lowering are arranged on the side wall surface of the house so as not to overlap each other in the horizontal direction and to form steps in the vertical direction.
The tread plate is hooked or fitted to the side wall surface so that the longitudinal direction is substantially vertical,
The side wall surface is provided with a groove for fitting the tread plate detached from the side wall surface substantially horizontally in the longitudinal direction,
When using a staircase, the ascending / descending step is constituted by detaching the tread plate from the side wall surface and inserting it into the groove. 6. The foldable or assembled staircase according to claim 1, further comprising an engaging portion provided on the second side wall surface facing the side wall surface to support the other end of the tread plate.