JP2009235092A - Chloropicrin emulsion - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a chloropicrin emulsion effective for controlling pest and simply and effectively applicable to a method of spraying agrichemicals. <P>SOLUTION: This chloropicrin emulsion is one sprayed with water via an irrigation tube which is set on the surface of or in the soil, and it contains chloropicrin and a surfactant. This chloropicrin emulsion is effective for controlling pest and applicable to methods of spraying agrichemicals simply and effectively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a chloropicrin emulsion and relates to a chlorpicrin emulsion that can be applied to a method of spraying suitable for weeding (removal) of cultivated plants and controlling pests in soil.

  Crop crops such as eggplant, tomato, cucumber, bell pepper, strawberry, melon, watermelon, pumpkin and other fruit vegetables, chrysanthemum, carnations and other florets etc. If there is a remaining part other than the harvested part after harvesting, it is necessary to remove the remaining part from the facility. As this removal method, there is known a method in which a herbicide is administered to the leaf surface of a cultivated plant after the crop is harvested, the plant is killed and then dried and removed from the facility. In addition, in order to control pests in the soil that would damage crops, conventionally, a method of diluting wettable powder or emulsion in water and spraying it with a joro or sprayer etc. and mixing with soil, granule or powder A method of spraying on the soil surface and mixing with the soil, a method of injecting the agricultural chemical active ingredient with a high vapor pressure as it is or plowing the field with an oil agent diluted with a solvent, etc. and injecting it into the soil and using it. is there. When pesticide active ingredients with high vapor pressure are used to control pests in the soil, the pesticide active ingredients are generally injected into the soil using a dedicated processing machine, and then generally increase their efficacy or suppress irritating odors. In addition, water is sprayed on the soil surface and water-sealed or crushed, or covered with an agricultural film such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride to suppress diffusion of the agrochemical active ingredient into the atmosphere. However, it is cumbersome to prepare a special processing machine when treating agricultural chemicals on the soil, and it is difficult to use under conditions where air is trapped in the greenhouse, volatilization of active ingredients of agricultural chemicals, Pest control efficiency is also reduced due to the permeation of the film. Recently, there are methods of packaging volatile agrochemical active ingredients in water-soluble films and embedding them in the soil, or placing them on the soil surface and covering them with a covering material, but there are problems such as high cost. As methods using irrigation tubes, there are known methods of diluting pesticides in water and spraying them on the vines, and spraying them on the soil, but they are widely used because they require a lot of pesticides. Absent.

JP-A-8-238049 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-32002 JP-A-8-231303

  However, when herbicides are used to remove cultivated plants after crop harvesting, it is necessary to administer them directly to the leaves of cultivated plants after crop harvesting, except for herbicides that are easily degraded, in order to avoid soil residue. There was, and it took time and effort. Using pesticide compositions (hereinafter also referred to as pesticides) containing the pesticide active ingredients as they are or with additives commonly used in the pesticide active ingredients (hereinafter referred to as pesticides), especially in tunnel cultivation, greenhouses, glass greenhouses, etc. It is an object of the present invention to develop a chloropicrin emulsion that can be applied to a method for easily and efficiently spraying pesticides effectively and easily for the removal of cultivated plants after crop harvesting and the control of weeds, pests, etc. It is.

The inventors have intensively studied a technique that can satisfy the above-described problems, and as a result, have arrived at the present invention. That is, the present invention
(1) A chlorpicrin emulsion for irrigating a irrigation tube on or on the soil surface and sprayed with water through the irrigation tube, comprising chlorpicrin and a surfactant. emulsion.
(2) The chloropicrin emulsion according to (1), wherein the surfactant is a combination of an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant.
(3) The chloropicrin emulsion according to (1) or (2), further containing an epoxidized vegetable oil as a decomposition inhibitor.

  According to the present invention, agrochemicals, particularly herbicides, can be sprayed safely and easily on a cultivated plant after harvesting with little sense of stimulation of the agrochemical, and as a result, the cultivated plant is killed and then naturally dried. This reduces the weight of the cultivated plant that has died, facilitates removal from the cultivation facility, and also enables control of weeds and pests.

  The pesticide spraying method of the present invention comprises irrigation tubes laid on or in the soil surface, and the soil surface is coated with a coating agent as necessary. After harvesting the crop, the pesticidal active ingredient or the pesticidal activity is passed through the irrigation tube. A pesticide is sprayed as an agrochemical composition in which an ingredient is mixed with an adjuvant.

  As the irrigation tube used in the present invention, any tube having a hole on the side surface in addition to a commercially available irrigation tube (watering tube) can be used, for example, powder, granule, fertilizer, etc. A multi-hose used for spraying can be used, but is not limited thereto. It is also possible to use a tube without a hole, for example, a water hose, a vinyl chloride water pipe, a rain gutter pipe, and the like.

  The material of the irrigation tube should be one or more of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, fluororesin, silicone resin, polypropylene, nylon, polypropylene, etc. An irrigation tube made of a copolymer and a mixture may be used, and is not limited to these materials. The thickness of the irrigation tube is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 mm to 300 mm in diameter. If the size of the hole in the irrigation tube is too large, a large amount of water is required, and if it is too small, it takes a long time to treat the pesticide, so the size of the hole is 0.1 μm in diameter. ˜30 mm, preferably about 1 μm to 10 mm is suitable. The holes may be formed in the side surface of the tube at equal intervals of 10 to 200 cm or randomly in one or two rows or in the entire circumferential surface, but are not limited thereto.

  The irrigation method using the irrigation tube in the present invention includes, for example, a drip type, a spray type, a porous type, a watering type, and the like, and is appropriately selected depending on the spreading width and the shape of the field. For example, as an irrigation tube, Everflow A, Super Everflow A-100, Everflow M (spray type), Everflow D (drip type), Everflow S (watering type), Everflow KW (one side watering type), KIRICO BIG HOLE SIDE SPRAAY, Chirico A type, Chirico (multi) type, KIRIKO H type (for house), Chirico R type, Chirico KH type, Chirico H type, one-side watering type, Chirico R type, strong P.I. E irrigation tube, Chapin drip tube, (Water spray tube manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Plastics Co., Ltd.), Sumi Sansui Multi (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), single side x hole irrigation tube (Nisshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Manufactured), safety irrigation tube or irrigation power S tube (manufactured by ITOCHU Samplus Co., Ltd.) can be used, but is not limited thereto.

  In the present invention, the location of the irrigation tube is not particularly limited as long as it is in the soil surface or in the soil, but is preferably in the soil surface or in the soil in the cultivation facility. Examples of the cultivation facility include a tunnel for tunnel cultivation, a greenhouse, and a glass greenhouse. The soil surface after irrigation tube laying is covered with a covering material as necessary. When covered with a covering material, the plant is planted and grown after removing the covering of the part to be planted. In cultivation facilities, the soil surface is often covered with a covering material. In the present invention, the agricultural chemical is sprayed after the crop is harvested, but when a volatile agricultural chemical active ingredient is used as the agricultural chemical active ingredient, the cultivation facility is closed in consideration of the improvement of the herbicidal effect and the improvement of the pest control effect. It is preferable to spray agricultural chemicals.

  As the covering material used in the present invention, a gas barrier film is preferable. In particular, the coating film that can be used when treating agricultural chemicals having a high vapor pressure is not particularly limited as long as it has gas barrier properties. The gas barrier property varies depending on the properties of the film itself, and varies depending on the thickness and several types of bonding. It is natural to consider the strength and economic efficiency for covering the soil, but the higher the gas barrier properties, the better. The oxygen gas permeability (gas permeability measurement conditions and measurement method are 25 ° C., relative humidity 50% According to ASTM D1434-66, the film thickness is corrected to be inversely proportional to the measured film thickness), but is usually 8000 cc / square meter · hr · atm or less, preferably 4000 cc / square meter · hr · atm or less. . Examples of the material of the film include polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide resin, nylon, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate polymer, polypropylene, and the like, or A film composed of two or more kinds of copolymers and a mixture or bonding is selected, but is not limited thereto. The thickness of the film is related to the oxygen permeability. For films that do not have a high gas barrier property such as polyethylene and soft vinyl chloride, the film should be thickened based on the fact that the gas permeability is almost inversely proportional to the thickness. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the gas barrier property. In addition, it is necessary to use an easy-to-handle film, an economical film, etc. that are unlikely to lose gas barrier properties due to changes in contact with agricultural chemicals or soil moisture used. The thickness depends on the material. Is usually about 10 μm to 500 μm, preferably about 10 μm to 200 μm.

  In the present invention, the agricultural chemical is sprayed on the soil. The pesticidal active ingredient to be sprayed is preferably an agrochemical having an activity of controlling weeds, that is, an herbicidal pesticidal active ingredient, and more preferably an pesticidal active ingredient having both an insecticidal and / or bactericidal effect. In view of persistence in soil, volatile pesticidal active ingredients are preferred because of their poor persistence.

  Examples of the agrochemical active ingredient that can be applied in the agrochemical spraying method of the present invention include DD (1,3-dichloropropene), DBCP (1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane), DCIP (dichlorodiisopropyl ether), MITC. (Methyl isothiocyanate), chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane), ethylene dibromide, methyl iodide, dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate, carbon disulfide, dazomet (tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2- Thione), NAC (1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate), MTMC (methatryl-N-methylcarbamate), MIPC (2-isopropylphenyl-N-methylcarbamate), BPMC (2-secondarybutylphenyl-N-methyl) Carbamate), MC (3,5-xylyl-N-methylcarbamate), carbosulfan [2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl (dibutylaminothio) methylcarbamate], furthiocarb (butyl-2, 3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yl-N, N′-dimethyl-N, N-thiodicarbamate), imidaclobrid [1- (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -N-nitroimidazolidine -2-ylideneamine], acetamiprid {(E) -N1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl) methyl] -N2-cyano-N1-methylacetamidine}, nitinpyram [(E) -N- (6-chloro -3-pyridylmethyl) -N-ethyl-N-methyl-N-2-nitrovinylidenediamine], fepronil [(±) -5. Amino- (2,6-dichloro-α, α, α-trifluoro-p-toluyl) -4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole-3-carbonyltolyl], MEP [O, O-dimethyl-O- (methyl- 4-nitrophenyl) thiophosphate], diazinon [(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl-6) -diethylthiophosphate], Benstap {S, S ′-[2- (dimethylamino) trimethylene] bis-benzenethiosulfonate} , Benfuracarb [ethyl-N- (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl (methyl) aminothio) -N-isopropyl-β-alaninate], metalaxyl [methyl-N- (2- Methoxyacetyl) -N- (2,6-xylyl) -DL-alaninate , Mesomil {S-methyl-N-[(methylcarbamoyl) oxy] thioacetimidate}, vilacrophos {(RS)-[O-1- (4-chlorophenyl) pyrazol-4-yl-O-ethyl-S- Propyl-phosphorothioate]}, etoprophos {O-ethyl-S, S-dipropyl-phosphorodioate}, oxamyl {methyl-N ′, N′-dimethyl-N-[(methylcarbamoyl) oxy] -1 -Thiooxamimidate}, promethrin [2-methylthio-4,6-bis (isopropylamino) -S-triazine], bensulfuronmethyl [methyl-α- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfate) Famoyl) -O-toluate], trifluralin (α, α, α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N, N-dipro) Ru-p-toluidine), imazosulfuron {1- (2-chloroimidazo [1,2-a] pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl) -3- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) urea}, caffeentrol ( N, N-diethyl-3-mesitylsulfonyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide), glyphosate isopropylamine salt [isopropylammonium-N- (phosphonomethyl) glycinate], kilpah- (sodium methyldithiocarbamate) Mart) and NCS (ammonium methyldithiocarbamate). Of these, methyldithiocarbamate is preferred. The agrochemical active ingredient is not limited to the above, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The pesticidal active ingredient is a volatile pesticidal active ingredient from the viewpoint of diffusibility after spraying and persistence in soil, specifically a boiling point of 40 ° C. or higher and a vapor pressure of 0.5 mmHg / 20 ° C. or higher. The pesticidal active ingredient is preferable in terms of good diffusibility and poor persistence in soil. Examples of such agrochemical active ingredients include chloropicrin and DD. Also preferred are kilpah (sodium methyldithiocarbamate) and NCS (ammonium methyldithiocarbamate), which have good decomposability.

  In the agrochemical spraying method of the present invention, the agrochemical active ingredient may be used as it is, but an auxiliary agent usually used for agrochemicals may be added to form an agrochemical composition. Examples of auxiliary agents that are usually used in agricultural chemicals include, but are not limited to, organic solvents, water, carriers, surfactants, stabilizers, and the like. Agrochemical compositions are emulsions, EW agents, aqueous emulsions, solid emulsions, wettable powders, flowables, oily suspensions (oil-based flowable agents in which agricultural chemical ingredients are dispersed in oil), dry flowable agents (WDG). ), A pesticide composition formulated like a microcapsule, or a pesticide package in which a pesticide composition not containing water is packaged with a water-soluble film. The agricultural chemical composition formulated as described above is easy to handle, and the agricultural chemical spraying method of the present invention can be applied more easily. In addition to emulsions, EW (emulsion in water) agents, and aqueous emulsions, water-soluble carriers are used as agrochemical compositions because they are stable in water when diluted in water and clogging of irrigation tubes is less likely to occur. Preferred is a solid emulsion. When using solid emulsions, wettable powders, flowables, WDG, etc. as a pesticide composition, solid pesticide active ingredients and water-insoluble carriers should be as fine as possible to prevent clogging of the irrigation tube. Specifically, the average particle size of the agricultural chemical composition is 100 μm or less, preferably 20 μm or less. The content of the pesticidal active ingredient in the pesticidal composition must be considered depending on the performance and physical properties of the pesticidal active ingredient, but is suitably about 0.1 to 99% (weight). When chloropicrin is used as an emulsion, the content of chloropicrin is preferably 5% or more of the total amount of the agricultural chemical composition.

  In the present invention, the organic solvent is used for decreasing the viscosity of the oily solution when mixed and dissolved, or for dissolving the solid active ingredient. Specific examples of the organic solvent that can be used in the present invention include, for example, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, xylene, N-methylpyrrolidone, dioctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, diisodecyl phthalate, dilauryl phthalate, and phthalic acid. Diisononyl, tributyl phosphate, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, Nisseki Hyzol SAS-296 {manufactured by Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd.}, dibasic acid ester {manufactured by DuPont Co., Ltd.}, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate , A mixed solution such as dimethyl adipate, an aliphatic or aromatic petroleum solvent, an organic solvent such as alkylbenzene and methylnaphthalene, and animal and vegetable oils such as corn oil, sesame oil, and cottonseed oil. Used but not limited to Ku can be physical properties also active ingredient amount, taking into account the control effect such as used in any ratio.

  The surfactant used as one component of the agricultural chemical composition is used for emulsifying and dispersing the agricultural chemical active component. Specific examples of the surfactant that can be used in the present invention include, for example, polyoxyethylene and polyoxyethylene. Block polymers, polyoxyethylene octyl ether, polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ester, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and other nonionic surfactants, dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid metal salt ( Hereinafter, alkali metal salts such as Na salts and Ca salts, and alkaline earth metals), metal salts of fatty acids such as sodium oleate, metal salts of dialkylsulfosuccinic acid esters, naphthalenesulfonic acid polycondensates, alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acids Metal salt Examples thereof include anionic surfactants such as recarboxylic acid metal salts, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate metal salts, and special polycarboxylic acid type polymer surfactants. These can be used alone or in combination with two or more active ingredients and solvents to be used, but are not limited thereto. When using a surfactant, it is preferable to use 0.01 parts by weight or more of the surfactant with respect to 1 part by weight of the pesticidal active ingredient.

  Carriers such as minerals that may be used as one component of the agrochemical composition are as a bulking agent for diluting the agrochemical active ingredient to an appropriate concentration, a solid base grinding aid, a liquid base adsorbent, etc. used. Specific examples of the carrier that can be used include clay, talc, white carbon, diatomaceous earth, potassium chloride, urea, ammonium sulfate, and solubilized starch. Usually, these may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but are not limited thereto.

  Stabilizers that may be used as one component of the agrochemical composition are mainly used to prevent degradation of the agrochemical active component. Stabilizers that can be used in the present invention include, for example, antioxidants such as butylhydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole, epoxidized glycerides [e.g. New Calgen 800 {epoxidized soybean oil, Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.}] and Examples include epoxidized vegetable oils such as epoxidized linseed oil, diisopropyl phosphate, soda lime, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, sodium carbonate, and the like. One or more of these can be used, but are not limited thereto. .

  The water-soluble film can be any film that dissolves in water, has a certain strength, does not penetrate the pesticide composition used, or does not dissolve in the pesticide composition used, and is selected according to the nature of the pesticide composition to be applied. Just do it. Usually, the film is selected from one or more films such as polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid and salts thereof, starch, gelatin and the like. Furthermore, the thickness of the film is also selected within a range that can be practically used depending on the type of agrochemical composition and the material of the film, and is not particularly limited. For example, when using polyvinyl alcohol having good chemical resistance, strength, economy, etc., 5 μm The above is good, and from the viewpoint of economy and strength, particularly preferably about 10 μm to 80 μm. In addition to this, a water-soluble film integrated film such as an ecopyle {manufactured by Kyodo Paper Industries Co., Ltd.} obtained by weakly bonding a water-soluble film to an exterior film may be used.

  In the present invention, the weight of one agrochemical package in which the agrochemical composition is packaged with a water-soluble film is 50 g to 20 kg, preferably about 100 g to 10 kg. At the same time, it is necessary to place importance on economics during processing, and a cylinder, a sphere, a square bag, and the like are preferable. However, it is not necessarily limited to these shapes. In addition, since a water-soluble film is weak to moisture, it is better to wrap such packagings one by one or several together with a packaging material having higher moisture resistance. Moreover, when packaging a packaging body with a moisture-proof packaging material as needed, you may wrap and package under reduced pressure. In addition to films such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer resin, nylon, and aluminum foil, moisture-proof packaging materials such as films deposited with aluminum or silica are often used. One type or two or more types of copolymers and a mixture or bonding are mentioned.

  In the present invention, agrochemicals that can be emulsified or suspended in water such as oils, emulsions, EW agents, solid emulsions, etc., or can be suspended in water such as wettable powders, flowable agents, and microcapsules. As a production method thereof, an emulsion can be obtained by adding a general method, for example, an agrochemical active ingredient and a surfactant to an agrochemical active ingredient and a surfactant as necessary and mixing them well. It is also possible to make a solid emulsion by impregnating this emulsion with water-soluble powder.

  Hereinafter, the spraying method of the present invention will be described in more detail. In the spraying method of the present invention, for example, the pesticide is sprayed through the irrigation tube laid on the soil surface or in the soil, but the irrigation tube may be laid only when spraying the pesticide, It is preferable to lay before cultivating the plant and to continue laying until after harvesting, because the agricultural chemicals of the present invention can be sprayed through the cultivation of crops, and it is possible to quickly cope with the sudden occurrence of pests. In addition, it is not always necessary to remove the irrigation tube even after the crop is harvested, and it is possible to take measures to always install the irrigation tube for the next crop.

  Next, a method for laying an irrigation tube will be described. The irrigation tube is not particularly limited as long as the pesticide can be spread evenly on the surface of the soil or in the soil, can be sprayed on the site where the crop is planted, or can be laid so that it can be sprayed outside the planted site.

  When irrigation tubes are laid on the soil surface, the area and shape to be spread, target pests, moisture in the soil, soil temperature and temperature at the time of spraying, effective diffusion distance of pesticidal active ingredients from the irrigation tube, amount of pesticide used, The irrigation tube may be laid in consideration of the diffusion speed, spraying time, charging speed, water pressure when water is used for spraying, and the like. The irrigation tubes may be laid in series or in parallel using branch pipes. In addition, in the case of a flat soil surface, the interval between the irrigation tubes is preferably laid evenly so that the pesticide can be distributed almost uniformly. It is 1000 cm, preferably 90 to 300 cm. In the case of dredging, it is preferable to lay the irrigation tube in the center or in the vicinity of cropping. Similarly, in the case of a treatment in a covered basket (multi-pod treatment), it is preferable to lay an irrigation tube near the center or the planting of the crop depending on the shape. On the other hand, when the irrigation tube is laid in the soil, it is preferable to lay the irrigation tube at a depth at which the type of crops and soil pests are likely to be generated. In addition, when embedding an irrigation tube, it may block the irrigation tube hole depending on the quality of the soil, so the irrigation tube hole or the entire tube may be wrapped with cloth or paper, protected with dredging, sand, etc. In some cases, it is necessary to prevent clogging of the crevice hole.

  In the present invention, the spraying method of the agrochemicals such as the agrochemical active ingredient and the agrochemical composition is, for example, when the vapor pressure of the agrochemical is high, the agrochemical is heated or air-laminated and gasified or misted with a sprayer together with air in the irrigation tube. Inject or pesticides as they are or after diluting them into water, aspirating the pesticides with water pumps (aspirator, liquid fertilizer mixing machine, etc.) using water pressure After the pesticide is diluted as it is or in water, it is treated on the soil or plant foliage with water while being poured into the irrigation tube using a pump such as a soil disinfector, or the pesticide is diluted as it is or after the pesticide is diluted in water. Inject into the irrigation tube using a pump attached to a fertilizer mixer, power sprayer, manual sprayer, soil disinfector, etc. A method of physical, but not limited to. Examples of liquid fertilizer mixing machines include Renown liquid fertilizer mixing machine HM-S, Sumicharge 40, Sumicharge 50, Sumijet {manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.}, Dosalon {Import Source: Sunhope Co., Ltd.], Doze Mix・ Plus {import source Tosk Co., Ltd.}, neo blender, high magnification neo blender, low magnification neo blender, spar neo blender {manufactured by Nets Co., Ltd.}, stationary liquid fertilizer mixing machine RHM-2, simple liquid fertilizer mixing machine There are RHS type, shoulder type liquid fertilizer mixing machine THM-3 type {manufactured by Marusa Kogyo Co., Ltd.} and the like, but not limited thereto.

  The pesticide spraying method of the present invention sprays the pesticide diluted in water through a irrigation tube using a liquid fertilizer mixing machine. When the pesticide is diluted with water and used, the dilution concentration may be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the type of pesticide and the soil condition. Specifically, the volume of the irrigation tube (about the circumference and length of the irrigation tube is about 2 to 1 million times, preferably 5 to 1000 times diluted with water, or 100 to 100 liters per square meter or pesticide laid. Then, it may be diluted and sprayed to 1.5 times to 10000 times, preferably 2 times to 100 times the theoretical volume amount calculation. Furthermore, water may be passed through tools such as a liquid fertilizer mixer and irrigation tube used for spraying agricultural chemicals to prevent the agricultural chemicals from staying. The spraying time of the pesticide varies depending on the volume of the irrigation tube where the pesticide is laid, the size and number of holes in the irrigation tube, the pressure of spraying, etc., but also includes spraying of water to prevent the accumulation of the pesticide. 4 minutes / 90 square meters or more is preferable. The irrigation tube can be installed not only by injecting from one end of the irrigation tube, but also at both ends and the center of the irrigation tube when uniform spraying is difficult due to valve operation and water pressure adjustment due to the shape of the field and the performance of the irrigation tube. You may inject | pour from the middle, etc., and process to soil. Moreover, you may spray an agrochemical through a irrigation tube with water using a liquid fertilizer mixing machine. As for the amount of water, the amount of the same magnification as described above is appropriate for the agricultural chemical.

  It is preferable to spray water through the irrigation tube after spraying the agricultural chemical through the irrigation tube. The amount of water sprayed is about 1.5 to 10,000 times, preferably about 2 to 100 times the volume of the irrigation tube (calculated theoretical volume from the circumference and length of the irrigation tube).

  The spraying time of the agricultural chemical is preferably sprayed after harvesting the crop for the purpose of weeding or soil disinfection. When applying agricultural chemicals for the purpose of weeding, soil disinfection or pest control in the facility after crop harvesting, it is preferable to use a soil fumigant that also has herbicidal activity, but even a soil fumigant that does not have herbicidal activity The soil fumigant and herbicide can be sprayed separately. Pesticides suitable for application after crop harvesting include chlorpicrin, which has both herbicidal activity and soil fumigation effects.

  The pesticide spraying method of the present invention is a particularly suitable method for spraying a soil fumigant such as chlorpicrin. The soil fumigant chlorpicrin can be treated for weeding and soil disinfection and in-house pest control before cropping in the field or after weeds and crops are harvested. In the method of the present invention, it is very simple and labor-saving because soil fumigation can be achieved simply by injecting and diffusing pesticides as they are or diluted in water into a irrigation tube. Suitable for Furthermore, since the loss of agricultural chemicals is small, the dosage is smaller than that of the conventional method, and there are great advantages in various points such as economic efficiency and environmental impact. The amount of application can be appropriately determined in consideration of the activity of the pesticidal active ingredient to be used. For example, when chloropicrin is used as the pesticidal active ingredient, chloropicrin is 2.5 to 30 liters per 10 ares, preferably 5 It is preferable to adjust the spray amount so that ~ 30 liters is sprayed.

  The chloropicrin emulsion of the present invention contains a chloropicrin degradation inhibitor. Examples of the chloropicrin decomposition inhibitor include antioxidants such as butylhydroxytoluene and butylated hydroxyanisole, epoxidized glycerides [eg, New Calgen 800 {epoxidized soybean oil, manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.}] and epoxidized linseed Examples include epoxidized vegetable oils such as oil, diisopropyl phosphate and the like, with epoxidized glycerides being preferred. Moreover, the use ratio of chloropicrin and epoxidized glyceride is usually 2 to 100: 1 in weight ratio.

  A surfactant or a solvent may be added to the chloropicrin emulsion. Examples of the surfactant include polyoxyethylene and polyoxyethylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene octyl ether, polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ester, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, etc. Nonionic surfactants, metal salts of dodecylbenzene sulfonate (hereinafter referred to as alkali salts such as Na salt and Ca salt, alkaline earth metals), metal salts of fatty acids such as sodium oleate, dialkylsulfosuccinates, Metal salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid polycondensate, alkylnaphthalenesulfonic acid metal salt, polycarboxylic acid metal salt, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate metal salt, special polycarboxylic acid type polymer surface activity Such as anionic surfactants and the like.

  These can be used alone or in combination with two or more active ingredients and solvents to be used, but are not limited thereto. For example, a combination of an anionic surfactant (dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid metal salt) and a nonionic surfactant (polyoxyalkylene allyl phenyl ether) can also be used [00063TX {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.} ]. It is preferable to use 0.01 parts by weight or more of a surfactant with respect to 1 part by weight of the pesticidal active ingredient.

  As the solvent, for example, the organic solvent described in the above item 0016 can be used. Moreover, the organic solvent uses 0.05 to 0.9 weight part normally with respect to 1 weight part of pesticidal active ingredients.

  In order to carry out the method of the present invention using a chloropicrin emulsion, the chlorpicrin emulsion is irrigated with water at a magnification corresponding to the volume of the irrigation tube used, for example, with more than five times the volume of the emulsion used. What is necessary is just to spread through a tube. The magnification is more preferably about 10 to 1000 times, for example.

  EXAMPLES Next, an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail. The present invention is not limited to these.

Example 1
An irrigation tube (Sumi Sansui Multi 100-3 {manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) with a closed tip was laid in the center of the soil surface of a 0.8 m × 12.5 m field with the hole facing upward. Tomato wilt fungus-contaminated soil cultured for 60 days in bran medium was wrapped with gauze in an amount equivalent to 10 g with dry soil, and embedded at a position of 35-40 cm perpendicular to the center of the field at a site with a soil depth of 20, 30 cm. The entire field was covered with a polyethylene film (thickness: 50 μm, oxygen gas permeability: 3950 cc / square meter · hr · atm), chloropicrin 80 parts (parts by weight) and surfactant 00063TX {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd. } 20% liter of water in an aspirator attached to a hose of a sprayer using 80% chloropicrin emulsion (150 ml) prepared in 20 parts (parts by weight) as a pesticide. After 2 weeks, the coated film was peeled off and the sample embedded at a soil depth of 20 and 30 cm was taken out, and the diluted plate method was applied. And cultured at 25 ° C. for 7 days, the number of colonies formed on the medium was counted, and the number of tomato wilt bacteria per gram of dry soil was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Control Example 1
Tomato wilt fungus-contaminated soil cultured in soil bran medium for 60 days was wrapped with gauze in an amount equivalent to 10 g with dry soil, and embedded in a 1.5 m × 1.8 m field at a soil depth of 20 and 30 cm. Next, 3 ml each of chloropicrin was injected into the soil at a depth of 15 cm at a depth of about 15 cm at intervals of about 30 cm (corresponding to 10,000 locations / 10 are), and a polyethylene film (thickness: 50 μm, oxygen gas) The entire surface was coated with a transmittance of 3950 cc / square meter · hr · atm). After 2 weeks, the coated film is peeled off and a sample embedded at a soil depth of 20 and 30 cm is taken out, cultured at 25 ° C. for 7 days by a dilution plate method, the number of colonies formed on the medium is counted, and tomatoes per 1 g of dry soil The number of wilt bacteria was calculated.

Table 1
Tomato wilt bacteria count
Soil depth 20cm 30cm
Example 1 0 0
Control 1 0 0
No treatment 3 × 10 ⁶ 3 × 10 ⁶

  As described above, according to Table 1, compared to untreated, Example 1 was able to efficiently control tomato wilt fungus. Moreover, although the control example 1 processes a soil so that a chloropicrin agent may be equivalent to 30 liters per 10 ares, in Example 1, even if a chemical | drug | medicine is halved, it has the same control effect compared with the control example 1. It was good. Further, Control Example 1 was irritating to eyes and nose during the treatment of pesticides, required a gas mask and protective glasses, and was troublesome because of the large number of pesticide treatment sites. On the other hand, in Example 1, a gas mask or the like was not required, workability was good, labor saving and simple, and agricultural chemicals could be sprayed in a short time.

Reference example 2
A irrigation tube (Evaflow A-100 type {Mitsui Chemicals Plastics Co., Ltd.}) with a closed tip is laid on the soil surface of a 0.8m x 12.5m field in the center with a polyethylene film ( After covering the whole with 50 μm thickness, oxygen gas permeability: 3950 cc / square meter · hr · atm), the covering material was drilled according to the sprinkling hole part (40 cm interval) of the irrigation tube, and insulators were planted. After 20 days of inoculation of 20 cotton aphids in the coconuts, the spray was sprayed through a 20-liter irrigation tube of 1000-fold diluted Admeier flowable, and the number of aphid parasites was examined 10 days later.

Control Example 2
After covering the whole surface of the soil of 0.8m × 12.5m with polyethylene film (thickness: 50μm, oxygen gas permeability: 3950cc / square meter · hr · atm), holes are made in the covering material at intervals of 40cm. Digging the soil to plant, 2g of Admeier granules in the hole, transplanting and spraying coconut seedlings, inoculated 20 cotton aphids on 3 cocoons and cotton 10 days later The number of aphid parasites was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2. As is clear from this table, the reference example 2 efficiently controlled cotton aphids compared with the non-treatment, and had the same effect as the control example 2. In addition, the reference example 2 had better workability than the control example 2, was labor-saving and simple, and was able to spray agricultural chemicals in a short time.

Table 2
Number of parasites
Reference Example 2 0 0 0
Control Example 2 0 0 0
No treatment 20 20 20

Example 3
Polyethylene film by laying a irrigation tube (Sumisan Sui Multi 100-3 {manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.}) with a closed tip on the soil surface of a 0.8m x 12.5m field with the hole facing upward (Thickness: 50 μm, oxygen gas permeability: 3950 cc / square meter · hr · atm) After covering the whole, a hole was made in the covering material, and an insulator was planted. After harvesting the crop (4 months after planting), 80 parts of chlorpicrin 80 parts chloropicrin emulsion (150 ml) prepared with 20 parts by weight (parts by weight) and surfactant 70603TX {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.} (150 parts by weight) is poured into an aspirator attached to the hose of the sprayer and sucked. And sprayed through an irrigation tube so as not to be in about 5 minutes, and the herbicidal effect was investigated after 1 week, and the results are shown in Table 3.

Control 3
After covering the entire soil surface of a 1.5m x 1.8m field with a polyethylene film (thickness: 50μm, oxygen gas permeability: 3950cc / square meter · hr · atm), the covering material was divided into two rows at intervals of 40cm. Holes were planted with 8 palm seedlings, and after harvesting the crop (4 months after planting), 3 ml of chlorpicrin was injected into the soil at a depth of 15 cm at intervals of about 30 cm (10 liters) (10 ml). 2,000 locations / 10 equivalent), and the herbicidal effect was investigated after one week. The results are shown in Table 3. As is apparent from this table, Example 3 showed the same herbicidal effect as Control Example 3. In Control Example 3, the eyes and nose were irritated when the chemical solution was poured into the irrigator or during soil irrigation, requiring a gas mask and protective glasses. On the other hand, in Example 3, irritation and the like were not felt. In addition, the agrochemical used in Example 3 and Control Example 3 is an agrochemical that can maintain the nematode effect over a long period of time. As described above, according to Table 3, the results obtained in the examples were easily and hygienically treated in the soil, and herbicidal efficacy was sufficiently maintained, which was extremely practical.
Table 3
Herbicidal effect Example 3 100%
Control 3 100%
No treatment 0%
Herbicidal effect (%) = number of dead strains / number of test strains × 100

Example 4
An irrigation tube with a closed tip on the soil surface of a 1.8 m × 50 m field (strong PE irrigation tube, thickness 0.12 mm, width 50 mm, pitch 10, needle hole {Mitsui Chemicals Plastics Co., Ltd.}) (The volume of the irrigation tube is about 80 liters.) Tomato wilt fungus-contaminated soil cultured for 60 days in soil bran medium is wrapped with dry soil in an amount equivalent to 10 g with gauze, 49 m from the drug inlet side (1 m before the tip) ) At the central part (point C), the central part of the field (point B, the central part 25 m from the drug inlet (near side)), and the soil depth 20 at three places 1 m from the chemical inlet side (point A). Next, the entire field was covered with a polyethylene film (thickness: 50 μm, oxygen gas permeability: 3950 cc / square meter · hr · atm) Chlorpicrin 80 80 parts chloropicrin emulsion (2700 ml) prepared with 20 parts (parts by weight) and 200006 parts (parts by weight) of the surfactant 00063TX {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.} as a pesticide and mixed with liquid fertilizer attached to the drain hose of the irrigation pump After flowing 160 liters of water (about twice the volume of the irrigation tube) through the machine (Sumicharge 40 {manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), the pesticide is sucked and passed through the irrigation tube so that it takes about 2 minutes and 20 seconds. 200 liters of water (about 2.5 times the volume of the irrigation tube) was poured and sprayed.After 2 weeks, the coated film was peeled off and the sample embedded at a soil depth of 30 cm was taken out and cultured at 25 ° C. for 7 days by the dilution plate method. The number of colonies formed on the medium was counted, and the number of tomato wilt bacteria per gram of dry soil was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Example 5
After adding 2700 ml of water to 2700 ml of the 80% chloropicrin emulsion of Example 4 (hereinafter referred to as “pesticide” in the following examples and subject examples), it was diluted twice and then about 160 liters of water (about twice the irrigation tube volume) Soil fumigation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 4 except that 200 liters of water was passed through the irrigation tube so that it was no longer in 2 minutes and 20 seconds and sprayed.

Example 6
After adding 5400 ml of water to 2700 ml of pesticide and diluting it 3 times, 240 liters of water (about 3 times the volume of the irrigation tube) was passed through the irrigation tube so that it would not take about 3 minutes and 45 seconds. Soil fumigation was performed in the same manner as in Example 4 except that about 2.5 times the volume) was applied and sprayed.

Example 7
Pass 270 ml (10% of pesticide) out of 2700 ml of pesticide to 80 liters of water (about 1 time of irrigation tube volume) together with the pesticide in the irrigation tube so that it takes about 10 seconds, and the remaining 2430 ml of pesticide (90% of the pesticide). Soil fumigation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 4 except that 100 liters of water was poured for 2 minutes and 10 seconds and sprayed, and then 180 liters of water was passed.

Reference example 4
In the same manner as in Example 4, except that 2700 ml of pesticide was passed through the irrigation tube so that 80 liters of water (about 1 time the volume of the irrigation tube) was removed in about 1 minute and 15 seconds, and further 280 liters of water was poured. Soil fumigation was performed.

Reference Example 5
After passing 80 liters of water (about 1 times the volume of the irrigation tube) through the irrigation tube, both 80 liters of water were passed through the irrigation tube so that no pesticides were consumed in about 1 minute and 15 seconds. Except for the above, soil fumigation was performed in the same manner as in Example 4.

Control 6
Tomato wilt fungus-contaminated soil cultured in soil bran medium for 60 days was wrapped with gauze in an amount equivalent to 10 g with dry soil, and embedded in a 1.5 m × 1.8 m field at a soil depth of 20 and 30 cm. Next, 3 ml each of chloropicrin was injected into the soil at a depth of 15 cm at a depth of about 15 cm at intervals of about 30 cm (corresponding to 10,000 locations / 10 are), and a polyethylene film (thickness: 50 μm, oxygen gas) The entire surface was coated with a transmittance of 3950 cc / square meter · hr · atm). After 2 weeks, the coated film is peeled off and a sample embedded at a soil depth of 20 and 30 cm is taken out, cultured at 25 ° C. for 7 days by a dilution plate method, the number of colonies formed on the medium is counted, and tomatoes per 1 g of dry soil The number of wilt bacteria was calculated.

Table 4
Tomato wilt bacteria count
Point A Point B Point C Example 4 0 0 0
Example 5 0 0 0
Example 6 0 0 0
Example 7 0 0 0
Reference Example 4 3 × 10 ³ 0 0
Reference Example 5 0 0 3 × 10 ⁴
Control 6 0 0 0
No treatment 3 × 10 ⁶ 3 × 10 ⁶ 3 × 10 ⁶

  As in Examples 4, 5, 6, and 7, when the pesticide is diluted with water that is about twice the volume of the irrigation tube and sprayed in a total amount of about 4.5 times or more of the irrigation tube, The efficacy at the three positions of the tip, middle, and front side (near the liquid fertilizer mixing machine) of the irrigation tube was stabilized, and the same effect as in Control Example 6 was obtained. On the other hand, if the agricultural chemical is treated with water having the same volume as the irrigation tube as in Reference Example 4, the effect in the vicinity of the liquid fertilizer mixing machine becomes weak. Moreover, if water is injected into the irrigation tube before treating the pesticide as in Reference Example 5, the efficacy of the tip of the irrigation tube is weakened. In Control Example 6, the eyes and nose were irritated when the chemical solution was poured into the irrigator or during soil irrigation, and a gas mask and protective glasses were required. On the other hand, in Examples 4 to 7, no irritation was felt. As described above, Examples 4 to 7 were easily and hygienically treated in the soil, and herbicidal efficacy was sufficiently maintained, which was extremely practical.

Example 9
Chlorpicrin 80 parts (parts by weight), 00063TX {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.} 15 parts (parts by weight), New Calgen 800 {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., epoxidized soybean oil} An 80% chloropicrin emulsion mixed with 5 parts (parts by weight) was obtained.

Example 10
Chloropicrin 80 parts (parts by weight), 7063 TX {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.} 19 parts (parts by weight), New Calgen 800 {manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.} 1 part (parts by weight) 80% chloropicrin emulsion was obtained.

Example 11
An 80% chloropicrin emulsion was obtained by mixing 80 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin and 20 parts (parts by weight) of 00063TX (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a colorless transparent stopper.

Reference Example 12
An 80% chloropicrin fumigant was obtained by mixing 80 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin and 20 parts (parts by weight) of New Calgen 800 (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) in a 100 ml colorless and transparent stoppered Erlenmeyer flask.

Reference Example 13
80% chloropicrin fumigated with 100 ml of colorless and transparent stoppered Erlenmeyer flask mixed with 80 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin, 15 parts (parts by weight) of kerosene, and 5 parts (parts by weight) of New Calgen 800 (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) An agent was obtained.

Reference Example 14
80% chloropicrin fumigated with 100 ml of a colorless and transparent stoppered Erlenmeyer flask mixed with 80 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin, 19 parts (parts by weight) of kerosene, and 1 part (parts by weight) of New Calgen 800 (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) An agent was obtained.

Control 6
An 80% chloropicrin fumigant was obtained by mixing 80 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin and 20 parts (parts by weight) of kerosene in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a colorless and transparent stopper.

Reference Example 15
A 95% chloropicrin fumigant was obtained by mixing 95 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin and 5 parts (parts by weight) of New Calgen 800 (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a colorless transparent stopper.

Reference Example 16
A 99% chloropicrin fumigant was obtained by mixing 99 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin and 1 part (parts by weight) of New Calgen 800 (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a colorless and transparent stopper.

Control Example 7
A sample was prepared by putting 50 parts (parts by weight) of chloropicrin fumigant into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask with a colorless transparent stopper.

Photostability test method and investigation method of chloropicrin agent Examples and control examples were placed in an Erlenmeyer flask equipped with a 100 ml stoppered stopper and left outdoors, and after a lapse of time, the pH in the atmosphere of the pH paper test paper was placed in the Erlenmeyer flask after 30 minutes. Investigation was conducted after 1 hour. Table 5 shows the results of putting iron nails into the Erlenmeyer flask after being left for 2 hours and examining the rust state after 1 hour and 1 day.
Test paper used for measurement of pH: Book pH test paper {manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd.} was used.
Rust situation: “++” indicates that rust is considerably generated, “+” indicates that rust is generated, and “−” indicates that rust is not generated.

Table 6
Photostability of chlorpicrin agent New Calgen 800 pH Rust generation
Amount added (parts by weight) 30 minutes later 1 hour later 1 hour later 1 day later Example 9 5 4-5 4-5 − −− +
Example 10 1 4 4 − +
Example 11 0 3 2 ++
Reference Example 12 20 4-5 4-5 − −− +
Reference Example 13 5 4-5 4-5 − −− +
Reference Example 14 1 4 4 − +
Control 6 0 3 2 ++
Reference Example 15 5 4-5 4-5 − −− +
Reference Example 16 1 4 4 − +
Control Example 7 0 3 2 ++

  According to Table 6, the epoxidized soybean oil (Neucalgen 800) added in the example had a tendency that the pH was lowered less than the control example. In addition, since there is little rust due to pH drop on iron nails, the occurrence of rust on the spreader and container is suppressed, so there is no damage to the irrigation tube or equipment / container etc. during spraying due to rust. Can be sprayed on.

Claims (3)

A chlorpicrin emulsion for irrigating a irrigation tube, or being laid on the soil surface or in the soil and sprayed with water through the irrigation tube, the composition comprising chlorpicrin and a surfactant. The chloropicrin emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a combination of an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant. The chloropicrin emulsion according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an epoxidized vegetable oil as a decomposition inhibitor.