JP2009228233A - Building cooling system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a building cooling system which can efficiently reduce a cooling and heating load throughout a life cycle of a building, in the water film formation-type technology of reducing the cooling and heating load. <P>SOLUTION: A cooling buffer chamber 16 with a double skin structure is equipped with a glass panel 94 which functions as an outer skin 36. Rainwater stored in a rainwater storage tank 150 is sprayed from a water spray pipe 152 by driving a lifting pump 156, so as to form the water film on the glass panel 94. The quantity of water sprayed from the water spray pipe 152 is controlled on the basis of the result of detection of intensity of solar radiation, velocity of wind, outside air temperature and inside air temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building cooling system using latent heat of vaporization of a water film.

In recent years, the architectural philosophy of reducing CO ₂ emissions over the lifetime of buildings and reducing the burden on the global environment has become one trend. From this point of view, when the air conditioning load reduction technology for buildings proposed so far is studied, a water film using a photocatalyst as described in Patent Document 1 is formed on the wall surface of the building, and the latent air evaporates the surrounding air. And a technique of cooling the structure, a technique of applying a double skin structure to a curtain wall as described in Patent Document 2, a technique of incorporating a double skin structure as described in Patent Document 3 into a general house, etc. Has been proposed.
JP 2002-201727 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-127028 JP 2006-291626 A

  However, both prior arts have room for improvement from the viewpoint of reducing the heating and cooling load over the lifetime of the building.

  That is, in the case of the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, it can be evaluated that a control for adjusting the supply amount of water that can hold a water film by providing a solar radiation meter can be evaluated, but the formation and maintenance of a water film is only solar radiation. Since there is no control, there is room for improvement in this respect.

  In addition, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which a double skin by ventilation is applied to a curtain wall of a building, and the technique is completed within the framework of the curtain wall, and the scope of application is limited. ing.

  Furthermore, in the case of the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3, although a double skin structure is applied to a general house, it is a technique that is constantly started with ventilation.

  What can be said from the above examination is that none of the prior arts is out of the scope of individual technology, and no overall technology has been established.

  In view of this point, an object of the present invention is to obtain a building cooling system capable of efficiently reducing the cooling / heating load over the life of the building life cycle in the water film formation type cooling / heating load reduction technology.

  The building cooling system according to the invention of claim 1 includes a water film forming means for forming a water film by watering the surface of the building, a solar radiation amount detecting means for detecting the solar radiation amount, a wind speed detecting means for detecting the wind speed, The outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the outside air temperature, the water film forming means, the solar radiation amount detecting means, the wind speed detecting means, and the outside air temperature detecting means are connected to each other, and the thickness of the water film is determined based on the detection result of each detecting means. Control means for calculating and adjusting the water supply amount of the water film forming means so as to obtain the thickness.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the building cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the building includes a building main body and a cooling buffer chamber provided adjacent to an outer edge of the building main body, and the cooling buffer. The room includes an indoor space, an outer skin that separates the outdoor space from the indoor space, and a water film formed on the surface by the water film forming means, an inner skin that separates the building body from the indoor space, And a double skin structure including a ventilation means for ventilating with an indoor space.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the building cooling system according to the first or second aspect, the control means is connected to an internal air temperature detection means for detecting an internal air temperature of the building body, and the control means Controlling the water supply amount of the water film forming means based on the detection results of the water film forming means, the solar radiation amount detecting means, the wind speed detecting means, the outside air temperature detecting means, and the inside air temperature detecting means, It is characterized by that.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the building cooling system according to the second or third aspect, the building is a unit building formed by connecting a plurality of building units to each other, and the cooling buffer. The room is constructed as a subunit that is built in the factory in advance and connected to the unit building in the building site.

  In the building cooling system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of solar radiation is detected by the solar radiation amount detecting means, the wind speed is detected by the wind speed detecting means, and the outside air temperature is further detected by the outside air temperature detecting means. Then, based on the detection results detected by these detection means, the control means calculates the thickness of the water film to be formed on the surface of the building, and the water supply of the water film formation means so as to be the thickness. The amount is adjusted. Therefore, a water film having an appropriate thickness can be formed on the surface of the building from time to time by taking into account factors that greatly affect the evaporation of the water film, such as the amount of solar radiation, wind speed, and outside temperature. For this reason, the air-conditioning load of the air conditioner with which the building is equipped can be reduced efficiently. Furthermore, by maintaining this situation, the heating / cooling load can be efficiently reduced over the life of the building life cycle.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the building includes a building body and a cooling buffer chamber provided adjacent to the outer edge of the building, and the cooling buffer chamber further includes an indoor space, an outer skin, an inner skin, and a ventilation. It is set as the double skin structure comprised including the means.

  In the present invention, the water film is formed on the surface of the outer skin of the cooling buffer chamber having the double skin structure by the water film forming means. Therefore, the cooling / heating load reducing effect of the double skin structure and the latent heat of vaporization of the water film are utilized. It is possible to combine the effect of reducing the cooling / heating load.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the water film is calculated in consideration of the internal air temperature of the building body detected by the internal air temperature detecting means, and the water supply amount of the water film forming means is adjusted. The thickness of the water film can be managed more accurately (that is, with higher accuracy). For this reason, the error of the water supply amount by the water film forming means can be further reduced.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the cooling buffer room previously constructed as a subunit in the factory is connected to the building body of the unit building at the building site. In other words, in the present invention, the cooling buffer chamber is not formed as a building part as in the prior art curtain wall, but as a part of the frame of the steel frame structure as in another prior art. Rather, it can be established as an element of a unit building. Accordingly, the degree of freedom in design is increased, and accordingly, the possibility of reducing the cooling load throughout the life cycle of the building is increased.

  In addition, since all the necessary elements are built in at the stage of producing the subunits of the unit building and only the work of connecting the subunits to the building body of the unit building is performed in the building area, the number of work steps in the building area is reduced. Is done.

  The building cooling system according to the first aspect of the present invention has an excellent effect that the cooling / heating load can be efficiently reduced over the life of the building life cycle in the water film formation type cooling / heating load reduction technology. .

  Since the building cooling system according to the second aspect of the present invention can be provided with two types of air-conditioning load reduction functions using the natural environment, it has an excellent effect of doubling the air-conditioning load reduction effect.

  The building cooling system according to the third aspect of the present invention can reduce the error in the amount of water supplied by the water film forming means, and accordingly, can reduce the power consumption required for watering, and consequently the heating and cooling load. It has an excellent effect of being able to contribute to reduction.

  The building cooling system according to the present invention as set forth in claim 4 can establish a cooling buffer room as a subunit of a unit building, and thereby “reducing the cooling and heating load over the life of the building life cycle” through the unit building. It has an excellent effect that it can be realized. Moreover, compared with the case where a cooling buffer chamber is assembled in a building site, the outstanding effect that construction time can be shortened and work burden can be reduced is also acquired.

  [First Embodiment]

  Hereinafter, 1st Embodiment of the building cooling system which concerns on this invention is described using FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the unit building according to the first embodiment. As shown in this figure, the unit building 10 includes a building main body 12 and a cooling buffer chamber 16 that is provided adjacent to one wall surface of the building main body 12 and constitutes a main part of the building cooling system 14. ing.

  The building body 12 includes a foundation 18, a lower floor side portion (first floor portion) 22 configured by installing a plurality of lower floor side units (first floor units) 20 on the foundation 18, and a lower floor side portion 22. An upper floor side portion (second floor portion) 26 configured by installing a plurality of upper floor side units (second floor units) 24 on the upper surface, and a roof portion (not shown) provided on the upper surface of the upper floor side portion 26, It is constituted by.

  The cooling buffer chamber 16 includes a plurality of lower floor buffer chamber units (first floor buffer chamber units) 28 installed on the foundation 18 and upper floor buffer chamber units installed on the lower floor buffer chamber units 28. (Second floor buffer room unit) 30. In addition, the lower floor side buffer chamber unit 28 and the upper floor side buffer chamber unit 30 are configured as a half-size unit.

  The lower floor side buffer room unit 28 and the upper floor side buffer room unit 30 are assembled in advance in the factory in the same manner as the lower floor side unit 20 and the upper floor side unit 24. That is, in this embodiment, when the building body 12 of the unit building 10 is on the main unit side, the cooling buffer chamber 16 is constructed as a subunit (double skin element).

  Next, the structure of the cooling buffer chamber 16 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional structure of the cooling buffer chamber 16. FIG. 2 shows a case where the cooling buffer chamber 16 is completed by a single subunit (that is, the cooling buffer chamber 16 is composed of a total of four subunits of the building main body 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3). An exploded perspective view of a case where it is provided on one entire wall surface, meaning that it is aggregated into one subunit) is shown. When the cooling buffer chamber 16 is described with reference to FIG. 2, the lower floor buffer chamber unit 28 and the upper floor buffer chamber unit 30 are collectively referred to as “buffer chamber unit 32”. To.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cooling buffer chamber 16 includes an outer skin in which a buffer chamber space (double skin space) 34 as an indoor space is separated from the buffer chamber space 34 and a water film is formed on the surface. 36, a double skin structure including an inner skin 38 that separates the building main body 12 and the buffer chamber space 34, and an air supply port 40 and an exhaust port 42 as ventilation means. The air supply port 40 and the exhaust port 42 can be opened and closed by an opening / closing mechanism (not shown) using an air supply port opening / closing motor 41 (see FIG. 4) and an exhaust port opening / closing motor 43.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the buffer chamber unit 32 includes a housing frame 44 formed in a U shape in plan view. The frame 44 is composed of four pillars 46 erected at the four corners, two types of long and short floor beams 48 and 50 that connect lower ends of the pillars 46 except for the one wall surface side, and upper ends of the pillars. It is composed of two types of long and short ceiling beams 52 and 54 that connect the portions except for the one wall surface side, and a horizontal beam 56 that is arranged in parallel below the long side ceiling beam 52. Joint brackets 60 are respectively attached to the upper and lower ends of the two columns 58 of the lower floor unit 20 that is the main unit. By connecting the two pillars 46 of the housing frame 44 facing the two pillars 58 of the lower floor unit 20 via the joint brackets 60 provided at these four places, the buffer chamber which is a subunit. The unit 32 is connected to the lower floor unit 20 which is the main unit.

  A floor board 62 and a floor beam 64 are disposed on the floor surface side of the frame 44. The floor board 62 is fixed on a plurality of floor beams 64 arranged at predetermined intervals, and the floor beams 64 are fixed to the floor beams 48.

  A ceiling board 66 and a ceiling beam (not shown) are disposed on the ceiling surface side of the frame 44. The ceiling board 66 is fixed on a plurality of ceiling beams arranged at predetermined intervals, and the ceiling beam is fixed to the ceiling beam 52. Further, on the ceiling board 66, a sloped heat insulating material 70, two asphalt roofings 72, a PVC steel plate 74, a PC frame 76, a lightweight soil 78, and a drought-resistant plant 80 are placed in this order. Yes. The PVC steel plate 74, the PC frame 76, the light soil 78, and the drought-tolerant plant 80 are elements added to the buffer room unit 32 having a double skin structure as a rooftop greening system 82.

  In addition, a front door 84, a column cover 86, a beam cover 88, and an outer wall panel 90 are attached to one side of the housing frame 44 on the wife side. A column cover 86, a beam cover 88, and a side surface outer wall assembly 92 are attached to the other side surface of the housing frame 44 on the wife side.

  Further, on the side surface side of the girder side of the frame 44, the D.D. P. G construction, M.M. J. et al. G. A glass panel 94 by a construction method or the like is attached. A photocatalyst (Ni02) is applied to the surface of the glass panel 94. An exhaust port 42 is attached between the ceiling beam 52 and the horizontal beam 56, and an air supply port 40 is attached to the lower edge side of the glass panel 94. Further, a beam cover 88 is attached to the floor beam 48, the ceiling beam 52, and the horizontal beam 56. A water film, which will be described later, is formed on the surface of the glass panel 94 that constitutes the side surface of the frame side of the housing frame 44 to constitute the outer skin 36.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the sash 95 of the lower floor unit 20 and the sash 96 of the upper floor unit 24 form an inner skin 38 that separates the buffer chamber space 34 of the cooling buffer chamber 16 and the internal space 98 of the building body 12. Equivalent to.

  Returning to FIG. 2, a rainwater reservoir 150 is disposed in the site. A depth meter 176 (see FIG. 4) is installed in the rainwater storage tank 150, and a water spray pipe 152 having water spray holes formed at a predetermined pitch is attached to the horizontal rail 56. The water spray pipe 152 and the rain water storage tank 150 are connected by a water supply pipe 154. In the middle of the water supply pipe 154, a pumping pump 156 is connected. Furthermore, a branch pipe 160 connected to the water main through a flow path switching valve 158 is connected to the upstream side of the water pump 156 in the water supply pipe 154. A meter 162 and a water stop cock 164 are provided in the middle of the branch pipe 160. Normally, water stored in the rainwater storage tank 150 is used to spray water from the sprinkler tube 152. However, when water is not stored, water is sprayed from the sprinkler tube 152 using tap water. The water sprinkling pipe 152, the flow path switching valve 158, the rainwater reservoir 150, the water supply pipe 154, and the branch pipe 160 correspond to the water film forming means in the present invention.

  Next, the system configuration of the building cooling system 14 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the building cooling system 14 includes a controller 166 as control means. The controller 166 includes a solar radiation meter 168 as the solar radiation amount detection means on the input side, an anemometer 170 as the wind speed detection means, an external air temperature meter 172 as the external air temperature detection means, an internal air temperature meter 174 as the internal air temperature detection means, and A depth gauge 176 is connected. The controller 166 is connected to the flow path adjustment valve 158 and the pumping pump 156 on the output side, and is connected to the air supply opening / closing motor 41 and the exhaust opening / closing motor 43.

  (Action / Effect)

  Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.

  First, the operation of the cooling buffer chamber 16 alone (operation when not controlled) will be described.

  In this case, the cooling buffer chamber 16 performs a natural ventilation effect by a gravity ventilation using a temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor air as well as a heat insulating effect.

  For example, in summer, the temperature in the cooling buffer chamber 16 rises due to solar radiation. In this case, by opening the air supply port 40 and the exhaust port 42, the temperature difference between the outdoor and the buffer chamber space 34 (exactly, Is ventilated using the air density difference caused by the air temperature difference. That is, air warmed in the cooling buffer chamber 16 by solar radiation rises and is exhausted from the exhaust port 42, and outside air flows into the cooling buffer chamber 16 from the air supply port 40. Thereby, the natural ventilation in the cooling buffer chamber 16 is performed, and the rise in the temperature of the internal space 98 of the building body 12 is suppressed. As a result, the air conditioning load on the building body 12 is reduced.

  In winter, the air supply port 40 and the exhaust port 42 are closed to generate air convection in the cooling buffer chamber 16. In winter, the solar altitude decreases, so the amount of incident heat on the south surface increases, the air temperature in the buffer space 34 rises (greenhouse effect), and is radiated to the internal space 98 of the building body 12. Thereby, it can suppress that the air of the internal space 98 of the building main body 12 is cooled with external air. As a result, the air conditioning load on the building body 12 is reduced.

  In addition to such usage as natural ventilation, in the present embodiment, a water film can be formed by water spraying to obtain a cooling effect by latent heat of evaporation, which will be described below.

  FIG. 5 shows a control flow in the summer of the building cooling system 14 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, first, at step 100, each detection value is captured based on detection signals input from various detection means. That is, the detection value (L) of the pyranometer 168, the detection value (W) of the anemometer 170, the detection value (T1) of the external air temperature meter 172, the detection value (T2) of the internal air temperature meter 174, and the detection of the water depth meter 176 The value (H) is captured.

  Next, in step 102 to step 106, it is determined whether or not water should be formed by watering. Specifically, in step 102, it is determined whether or not the temperature difference δ is greater than or equal to a specified value δ1. If the determination in step 102 is affirmative, it means that the temperature difference δ exceeds the specified value δ1 (the temperature difference is sufficiently high). Therefore, in the summer, the inside temperature T2 is sufficiently larger than the outside temperature T1. It is thought that it is cooled to a low state. Therefore, in this case, the process returns to step 100. On the other hand, if the result in step 102 is negative, the temperature difference δ is lower than the specified value δ1, and the inside temperature T2 is not so different from the outside temperature T1, so it is considered that the cooling effect is desired to be enhanced. Accordingly, in this case, the process proceeds to the next step 104.

  In step 104, it is determined whether or not the wind speed W is equal to or less than a specified value W1. If the result in step 104 is affirmative, the wind speed W is equal to or less than the specified value W1 (the wind is not strong enough to blow off the sprinkled water), and the process proceeds to the next step 106. If the result in Step 104 is negative, the water is blown off even if the water is sprinkled, so the process returns to Step 100 without watering.

  In step 106, it is determined whether or not the solar radiation amount L is equal to or less than a specified value L1. If the determination in step 106 is affirmative, the water does not evaporate efficiently even if the water film is formed by watering due to cloudiness or the like, and the process returns to step 100 without watering. On the other hand, if the result in Step 106 is negative, the sunlight is strong enough to evaporate the water film, so the process proceeds to the next Step 108 and the process of forming the water film.

  In this way, it is first checked whether or not it is in an environment where a water film is to be formed by watering based on detection values from various detection means. If the building cooling system 14 determines that the water spray should be controlled, first, in step 108, the open / close state of the air supply / exhaust port is adjusted. That is, the air supply opening / closing motor 41 is driven to open the air supply opening 40 with a predetermined opening, and the exhaust opening drive motor 43 is driven to open the exhaust opening 42 with a predetermined opening. In step 110, the optimum thickness t of the water film to be formed on the surface of the outer skin 36 is calculated.

  Supplementally, there are various methods (approach methods) for obtaining the thickness t of the water film. Here, as an example, a method for obtaining the thickness t based on the Reynolds number will be introduced.

  (1) In general, an incompressible fluid such as water in an annular flow is represented by Equation 1.

但し、ｗ：質量流量〔ｋｇ／ｓｅｃ〕
ρ：流体密度〔ｋｇ／ｍ^３〕
Ｑ：体積流量〔ｍ^３／ｓｅｃ〕
Ｕ：平均速度（水膜流下速度）〔ｍ／ｓｅｃ〕
Ｓ：断面積（水膜厚さ）〔ｍ^２〕

Where w: mass flow rate [kg / sec]
ρ: Fluid density [kg / m ³ ]
Q: Volume flow rate [m ³ / sec]
U: Average speed (water film flow speed) [m / sec]
S: sectional area (water film thickness) [m ² ]

  From the above, it is understood that there is a correlation between the water film flow velocity and the water film thickness according to the law of mass conservation.

  (2) Also, in the Nueselt analysis, the relationship of Formula 2 is derived between the water film thickness and the volume flow rate.

但し、δ：水膜厚さ〔ｍ〕
ｖ：動粘性係数〔ｍ^２／ｓｅｃ〕
ｇ：重力加速度〔ｍ／ｓｅｃ^２〕
Ｕ：平均速度（水膜流下速度）〔ｍ／ｓｅｃ〕
Ｓ：断面積（水膜厚さ）〔ｍ^２〕

Where δ: water film thickness [m]
v: Kinematic viscosity coefficient [m ² / sec]
g: Gravity acceleration [m / sec ² ]
U: Average speed (water film flow speed) [m / sec]
S: sectional area (water film thickness) [m ² ]

  (3) On the other hand, the properties of the water film correlate with the Reynolds number and are expressed as in Equation 3.

但し、ｕ：流速〔ｍ／ｓｅｃ〕
μ：粘性係数〔Ｎ・ｓｅｃ／ｍ^２〕

However, u: Flow velocity [m / sec]
μ: Viscosity coefficient [N · sec / m ² ]

  (4) Further, considering the balance of the liquid force at the wall boundary, it is as shown in FIG. 6. When the liquid film flow rate [kg / sec] per wall surface unit width at this time is obtained, the equation 4 is obtained. .

但し、Γ：壁面単位幅当たりの液膜流量〔ｋｇ／ｓｅｃ〕

Where Γ: flow rate of liquid film per unit wall width [kg / sec]

  Substituting Equation 4 into Equation 3 yields Equation 5.

Here, u ⁺ and y ⁺ are defined as the following formulas 6 and 7 as dimensionless speed and dimensionless distance.

  On the other hand, when considering the balance of force from FIG.

但し、τ_ｗ：壁面せん断力〔Ｎ／ｍ^２〕
τ_ｉ：界面せん断力〔Ｎ／ｍ^２〕

However, τ _w : Wall shearing force [N / m ² ]
τ _i : Interfacial shear force [N / m ² ]

Further, when the dimensionless number of the average liquid film thickness and the dimensionless number of the interface shear force are y _i ^* and τ _i ^* , they are expressed by the following expressions 9 and 10.

  Substituting Equations 9 and 10 into Equation 8, the following Equation 11 is obtained.

  Further, when Expression 5 is substituted into Expression 11, the following Expression 12 is obtained.

  Further, when Expressions 7 and 9 are substituted into Expression 12, the following Expression 13 is obtained.

  From the above, the relationship between the Reynolds number and the water film thickness can be obtained.

  (5) On the other hand, the relationship between the Reynolds number and the maximum water film thickness and the Reynolds number and the minimum water film thickness is shown by the Ito-Sasaki experimental solution, and is expressed by the following equations 14 to 16.

  (6) From the above, if it is confirmed from Equation 13, Equation 14, Equation 15, and Equation 16 that the water film thickness has converged with respect to the Reynolds number region having a certain width, It can be confirmed that a certain water film is formed (see FIG. 7).

  (7) Also, when considering the heat balance of the liquid film, it is necessary to grasp the correlation between the liquid film thickness and the flow velocity, but generally the flow field is classified into laminar flow and turbulent flow. The shearing force acting on the fluid is viscous shearing force due to fluid viscous friction, and the latter is in a state where turbulent shearing force acts in addition to the previous viscous shearing force. Here, the flow field is unlikely to transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow, and the Kalman three-layer model is set to have a transition layer between them. 8).

  (8) From the above, it can be said that the relationship between the Reynolds number and the thickness of the water film expressed by Equation 13 is reasonable. In the present embodiment, the amount of solar radiation detected by the solar radiation meter 168 and the anemometer based on the relational expression (Expression 13) obtained by using the method for determining the thickness of the water film from the viewpoint of the Reynolds number in this way. The film thickness of the water film is calculated in consideration of the wind speed obtained at 170, the outside air temperature obtained by the outside air temperature meter 172, and the inside air temperature obtained by the inside air temperature meter 174.

  Returning to FIG. 5, when the water film thickness t is calculated as described above, the routine proceeds to step 112. In step 112, in order for the thickness of the water film actually formed by watering to coincide with the result calculated in step 110, it is calculated how much water spray Q should be. If the thickness t of the water film is thin, the amount of water spray is reduced. Conversely, if the thickness t of the water film is thick, the amount of water spray is increased. In the process so far, in order to form a water film having an optimum thickness under the environment, the amount of water spray, that is, the output of the pump 156 in this embodiment, is determined.

  Next, at step 114, it is determined from the detection value H by the depth gauge 176 whether or not rainwater is stored in the rainwater reservoir 150 by a predetermined amount or more. If the determination in step 114 is affirmative, since rainwater is stored in the rainwater storage tank 150 to the extent that the outer skin 36 can be sprinkled, the process proceeds to step 118 described later. At this time, the flow path switching valve 158 is in an open state. That is, the flow path switching valve 158 is opened in the initial state. In a state in which the flow path switching valve 158 is opened, the pump 156 and the rainwater storage tank 150 are connected by a water supply interval 154 and are in a state where they can be fed. On the other hand, if the result in step 114 is negative, the rainwater storage tank 150 is in a state where rainwater is not accumulated to the extent that water can be sprinkled, so the routine proceeds to step 116 where the flow path switching valve 158 is switched from the open state to the closed state. It is done. When the flow path switching valve 158 is closed, the pumping pump 156 and the water main are connected.

  After the water supply path is selected, the process proceeds to step 118, where the pumping pump 156 is driven with a predetermined output based on the calculation result. The “predetermined output based on the calculation result” means an output in which the watering amount from the watering pipe 152 becomes the watering amount Q calculated in step 110.

Thus, water is sprayed in a state where the thickness of the water film is adjusted to the optimum thickness t in the environment of the detection value taken in step 100 from the water spray tube 152. The sprayed water flows on the glass panel 94 coated with a photocatalyst corresponding to the outer skin 36, and a water film having a set thickness t is formed. Since the surface of the glass panel 94 of the outer skin 36 is coated with a photocatalyst, it has good hydrophilicity and the sprinkled water does not form water droplets but extends into a thin film. The water in the water film is evaporated by solar radiation, and the buffer chamber space 34 of the cooling buffer chamber 16 is cooled by the latent heat of evaporation at that time. The cooled buffer space 34 cools the internal space 98 in the building body 12 via a sash 95 corresponding to the inner skin 38. Thus, the internal temperature T2 in the internal space 98 of the building body 12 is gradually lowered, and a cooling effect is obtained. In other words, the cooling effect by the air conditioner installed in the building body 12 is assisted. As a result, the cooling load on the building body 12 is reduced, and accordingly, the set temperature of the air conditioner can be increased or the output of the air conditioner can be decreased, or the operation time of the air conditioner can be shortened. As a result, the CO ₂ emission amount (LCO ₂ ) over the lifetime of the unit building 10 can be reduced.

  Thereafter, the routine proceeds to step 120, where it is again determined whether or not the temperature difference δ is greater than or equal to the specified value δ1. If the determination in step 120 is affirmative, this means that a sufficient temperature difference has occurred, so that the routine proceeds to step 122 where the pumping pump 156 is stopped and the process ends. On the other hand, if the result in Step 120 is negative, a sufficient temperature difference has not yet occurred, and the process returns to Step 100 to continue the operation.

  As described above, in the building cooling system 14 according to the present embodiment, the cooling buffer chamber 16 is provided adjacent to the building main body 12, and a water film is formed on the glass panel 94 by spraying water from the water spray tube 152. Based on the detection results detected by the pyranometer 168, the anemometer 170, and the outside air temperature meter 172, the controller 166 calculates the optimum water film thickness under the circumstances, Since the amount of water sprayed from the water pipe 152 is adjusted, the water film of an appropriate thickness is sometimes added to the building, taking into account factors that have a large effect on the evaporation of the water film, such as the amount of solar radiation, wind speed, and outside temperature. It can be formed on the surface. For this reason, the air conditioning load with which the unit building 10 is equipped can be reduced efficiently. Furthermore, by maintaining this situation, the cooling / heating load can be efficiently reduced over the life cycle of the unit building 10.

  In this embodiment, since the cooling buffer chamber 16 has a double skin structure and the building cooling system 14 is added, the air conditioning load reduction effect of the double skin structure and the cooling / heating load reduction utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of the water film are provided. The effect can be combined. That is, according to this embodiment, since two types of cooling / heating load reduction functions using the natural environment can be provided, the cooling / heating load reduction effect is doubled.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the internal air temperature meter 174 is installed and the internal air temperature of the internal space 98 of the building body 12 is taken into account, the thickness of the water film is calculated, and the amount of water sprayed from the water spray pipe 152 is adjusted. The thickness of the water film can be managed more accurately (that is, with higher accuracy). For this reason, the error of the water supply amount by the water spray pipe 152 can be made smaller, and the power consumption required for watering can be suppressed correspondingly, which can contribute to the reduction of the air conditioning load.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the cooling buffer room 16 previously constructed | assembled as a subunit in the factory to the building main body 12 of the unit building 10 is connected in a building site. In other words, in this embodiment, the cooling buffer chamber 16 is not formed as a building part as in the prior art curtain wall, but as a part of the frame of the steel frame structure as in another prior art. Instead, it can be established as an element of the unit building 10. Accordingly, the degree of freedom in design is increased, and accordingly, the possibility of reducing the cooling load throughout the life cycle of the unit building 10 is increased. In other words, according to the present embodiment, “reduction of cooling and heating load over the life of the building life cycle” can be realized through the unit building 10.

  Furthermore, since all the necessary elements are incorporated at the stage of manufacturing the subunits of the unit building 10 and only the work of connecting the cooling buffer chamber 16 as a subunit to the building body 12 of the unit building 10 is performed in the building site. The work man-hours in the building area are reduced. As a result, compared with the case where the cooling buffer chamber 16 is assembled in a building site, the construction time can be shortened and the work load can be reduced.

  [Second Embodiment]

  Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, about the same component as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same number is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the second embodiment is characterized in that not only the water supply pipe 154 is connected to the water spray pipe 152 but also the rooftop greening system 82. Specifically, a rooftop water spray pipe 180 is interposed between the lightweight soil 78 and the PC frame 76. The roof water sprinkling pipe 180 is configured as a grid-like pipe having the same size as the lightweight soil 78. A short side of the rooftop water spray pipe 180 and the water supply pipe 154 are connected by a water supply extension pipe 182.

  (Action / Effect)

  According to the above configuration, when the pump 156 is driven, a part of the water is supplied to the water spray pipe 152 and used to form a water film on the glass panel 94, and the remaining water is supplied to the water supply extension pipe 182. It is supplied to the rooftop watering pipe 180 through. Thereby, water is supplied to the light soil 78 from the roof water spray pipe 180, water is given to the drought-tolerant plant 80, and the effect of suppressing the cooling buffer chamber 16 from being warmed by solar solar heat is obtained.

  [Supplementary explanation of the embodiment]

  (1) In the above-described embodiment, a water film is formed by spraying water on the glass panel 94 that is the side surface of the cooling buffer chamber 16, but not limited to this, the roof greening system 82 of the cooling buffer chamber 16 is provided. When it is abolished, a water film may be formed by sprinkling water on the roof surface of the cooling buffer chamber 16.

  (2) In the above-described embodiment, the cooling buffer chamber 16 has a double skin structure. However, the present invention according to claim 1 includes a structure having no double skin structure.

  (3) In the above-described embodiment, the photocatalyst is applied to the surface of the glass panel 94. However, the photocatalyst is not always necessary in the context of the present invention, and may be omitted if a water film is formed. Other methods may be applied.

  (4) In the above-described embodiment, the water spray tube 152 is used as a part of the water film forming unit. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration other than the water spray tube 152 may be used.

  (5) In the above-described embodiment, the controller 166 controls the output of the pumping pump 156 to adjust the amount of water supplied to the water spray pipe 152. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other adjustment methods are used. May be. For example, a flow path change valve is provided in the water supply pipe 154 on the downstream side (water spray pipe 152 side) of the pumping pump 156, and a return pipe from the flow path change valve to the rainwater storage tank is connected. The degree of opening may be adjusted. In this case, when the water is sprayed, the pump is always driven at a constant output, and when the amount of water supplied to the water spray pipe is reduced, the controller opens the opening of the flow path change valve from the fully closed position to the predetermined position. According to the opening, water is returned from the return pipe to the rainwater reservoir.

  (6) In the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to the unit building 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention may be applied to buildings other than the unit building.

It is a longitudinal section showing the building cooling system concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the cooling buffer room of the building cooling system concerning a 1st embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a unit building to which the building cooling system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is applied. It is a block diagram of a building cooling system. It is a flowchart which shows a control flow. It is explanatory drawing which shows the balance of the force of the liquid in a wall surface boundary. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the Reynolds number and the thickness of a water film. It is a graph which shows a Kalman three-layer model. It is a disassembled perspective view of the cooling buffer chamber which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10 Unit Building 12 Building Body 14 Building Cooling System 16 Cooling Buffer Room 28 Lower Floor Side Buffer Room Unit 30 Upper Floor Side Buffer Room Unit 32 Buffer Room Unit 34 Buffer Room Space (Indoor Space)
36 Outer skin 38 Inner skin 40 Air supply port (ventilation means)
42 Exhaust vent (ventilation means)
94 Glass panel (outer skin)
95 Sash (Inner Skin)
96 Sash (Inner Skin)
98 Internal space 150 Rainwater storage tank (water film forming means)
152 Watering pipe (water film forming means)
154 Water supply pipe (water film forming means)
156 Water pump (water film forming means)
158 Channel switching valve (water film forming means)
160 Branch pipe (water film forming means)
166 Controller (control means)
168 pyranometer (irradiance detection means)
170 Anemometer (wind speed detection means)
172 Outside temperature gauge (outside temperature detection means)
174 Inside temperature gauge (inside temperature detection means)

Claims (4)

Water film forming means for sprinkling water on the surface of the building to form a water film;
A solar radiation amount detecting means for detecting the solar radiation amount;
Wind speed detecting means for detecting the wind speed;
An outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the outside air temperature;
The water film forming means, the solar radiation amount detecting means, the wind speed detecting means, and the outside air temperature detecting means are connected to each other, and the thickness of the water film is calculated based on the detection result of each detecting means, and the water is adjusted to the thickness. Control means for adjusting the water supply amount of the film forming means;
A building cooling system characterized by comprising: The building includes a building main body and a cooling buffer chamber provided adjacent to the outer edge of the building main body,
The cooling buffer chamber includes an outer skin that separates an indoor space, an outdoor space and an indoor space, and a water film is formed on a surface by the water film forming means, and an inner skin that separates a building body from the indoor space. A double skin structure including a ventilation means for ventilating between the outdoor space and the indoor space,
The building cooling system according to claim 1. The control means is connected to an inside air temperature detecting means for detecting the inside air temperature of the building body,
The control means controls the water supply amount of the water film forming means based on the detection results of the water film forming means, the solar radiation amount detecting means, the wind speed detecting means, the outside air temperature detecting means, and the inside air temperature detecting means. Control,
The building cooling system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above. The building is a unit building formed by connecting a plurality of building units to each other,
The cooling buffer room is configured as a subunit that is built in advance in a factory and connected to the unit building in a building site.
The building cooling system according to claim 2, wherein the building cooling system is provided.

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