JP2009219194A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technology for preventing and reducing vibration in a rotary electric machine. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of permanent magnets 5 are arranged in a circumferential direction in a rotor 1 which is freely rotatably pivoted, and a plurality of coil magnetic poles 6 are disposed in the circumferential direction in a stator 4. The rotor 1 rotates by forming a magnetic circuit with the stator 4 that is oppositely arranged across a gap 3 in the rotary electric machine. The coil magnetic pole 6 is divided into a plurality of magnetic poles in a direction perpendicular to a circumferential tangent. A circumferential position of one divided coil magnetic pole 6g in a right-angle direction and that of the other coil magnetic pole 6n in the right angle direction are mutually shifted so that they differ. The permanent magnet 5 is divided into a plurality of magnets in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent. The circumferential position of one divided permanent magnet 5g in the right angle direction and that of the other permanent magnet 5n in the right angle direction are mutually shifted so that they differ. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine and relates to control for preventing or reducing surface mode vibration in which a rotor is deformed in an axial direction.

In a rotating electrical machine mounted as a power source for an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, etc., the rotational speed range of the rotating electrical machine is wide from a low rotational speed region to a high rotational speed region. Rotor vibration is a problem. As an invention for solving such a problem, there has heretofore been known, for example, as described in Patent Document 1.
In the technique described in Patent Document 1, teeth are arranged on the inner wall of the annular yoke at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the stator (stator) and the space in the center of the stator are rotatable through the teeth and a slight gap. In the rotating electrical machine including the rotor supported by the rotor, the teeth are skewed, and the permanent magnet provided on the rotor is skewed in the same direction as the teeth.
JP 2006-254622 A

However, the rotating electric machine described in Patent Document 1 as described above has the following problems. That is, even if the above-described conventional technique is adopted, in the case of an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the rotor and the stator are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction, the surface mode vibration unique to the axial gap motor cannot be eliminated. The surface mode vibration is vibration that deforms so that the inner diameter side portion and the outer diameter side portion of the rotor are in different positions in the axial direction.
Further, even in the case of the conventional radial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the rotor and the stator are respectively arranged on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side, vibration cannot be sufficiently eliminated.

  The applicant of the present application proposes a technique that can effectively prevent vibration of a rotating electrical machine.

  For this purpose, an AC controller for an axial gap type rotating electrical machine according to the present invention comprises, as described in claim 1, a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a circumferential direction on a rotor that is rotatably supported, and a coil magnetic pole is provided on a stator. In a rotating electrical machine that is arranged in a plurality in the circumferential direction and rotates by forming a magnetic circuit between the rotor and a stator that is opposed to a gap, the permanent magnet is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent. It is divided into a plurality of pieces, and the divided one permanent magnet in the perpendicular direction and the other permanent magnet in the perpendicular direction are shifted from each other so as to have different circumferential positions.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, since the circumferential position of the permanent magnet is shifted so that it is different between one and the other, the above-described surface mode vibration is effectively suppressed in the axial gap type. be able to. Further, even in the radial gap type, vibration can be reduced without skewing the coil magnetic poles of the stator.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on examples shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an axial gap type rotating electrical machine having a 1 rotor 1 stator according to a first embodiment of the present invention together with an axis O. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stator as viewed from the back side, with the stator cut along a plane II-II perpendicular to the axis. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor as seen from the front side, with the rotor cut along a III-III plane perpendicular to the axis.

  The disk-shaped rotor 1 is coupled to a rotor shaft 2 extending along an axis O indicated by a one-dot chain line so as not to be relatively rotatable. The rotor shaft 2 that is rotatably supported extends in the vertical direction from both surfaces of the rotor 1. Among these, the rotor shaft extending from the front surface of the rotor 1 passes through the hole 4 h provided in the center of the stator 4. The front surface of the rotor 1 is opposed to a stator 4 fixed to a motor case (not shown) through an air gap (axial gap) 3 that is a gap opened in the axial direction.

  A plurality of permanent magnets 5 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the rotor 1 that is rotatably supported. A plurality of coil magnetic poles 6 are arranged on the stator 4 in the circumferential direction. The rotor 1 rotates by forming a magnetic circuit with the stator 4 that is opposed to the rotor 1 through the air gap 3.

  In this first embodiment, the coil magnetic pole 6 is divided into a plurality of pieces in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent. Then, the divided one coil magnetic pole and the other coil magnetic pole in the perpendicular direction are shifted from each other so that the circumferential positions of the coil magnetic poles are different. Specifically, the coil magnetic pole 6 is divided into two in the radial direction. The circumferential positions of the outer divided coil magnetic pole 6g and the inner coil magnetic pole 6n divided in two are shifted from each other as shown in FIG. The coil magnetic pole 6g and the coil magnetic pole 6n are in-phase coils that are energized simultaneously. The shift amount is set to 45 °, and all the coil magnetic poles 6 are shifted by 45 ° on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side.

  Further, the permanent magnet 5 is divided into a plurality of pieces in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent line, and the divided one permanent magnet and the other permanent magnet in the perpendicular direction are shifted from each other so that the circumferential positions thereof are different. Specifically, the permanent magnet 5 is divided into two in the radial direction. Then, the circumferential positions of the outer permanent magnet 5g and the inner permanent magnet 5n divided in two are shifted from each other as shown in FIG. Then, an adhesive 1 m is filled between the permanent magnets 5 n and 5 g, and the permanent magnets 5 are fixed to the rotor 1.

The permanent magnet 5 is magnetized in the direction of the axis O. The permanent magnets 5 adjacent in the circumferential direction have the opposite polarity to the N pole, S pole, N pole, S pole,.
In the first embodiment, the permanent magnet 5 is shifted by its circumferential width, and the polarities of the permanent magnets adjacent to each other in the direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent, that is, in the radial direction are reversed (FIG. 3). These permanent magnets adjacent in the radial direction form a part of a magnetic circuit that rotationally drives the rotor 1.

Let SL be the number of circumferential magnetic poles of the coil magnetic pole of the rotating electrical machine, and let P be the number of circumferential magnetic poles of the permanent magnet. In the rotating electrical machine of the first embodiment, the number of circumferential magnetic poles of the coil magnetic pole 6 is 12, so SL = 12. Moreover, since the number of poles in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet is 8, P = 8.
In the first embodiment, the circumferential shift amount of the coil magnetic pole 6g and the coil magnetic pole 6n is 360 ° / (2 | SL−P |) = 45 ° (FIG. 2).

  For example, when the first embodiment is a three-phase alternating current, the coil magnetic poles 6 grouped in order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase in the circumferential direction are sequentially energized so that the coil magnetic pole 6 of the stator 4 and the rotor 1 are permanent. The rotor 1 is rotated by forming a magnetic circuit with the magnet 5.

  In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the latent mode in which large surface mode vibration occurs is the | SL-P | In a conventional rotating electrical machine with SL = 12, P = 8, the circumferential positions of the coil magnetic pole and the permanent magnet are not displaced at all, or are merely skewed, so that the fourth-order mode vibration is remarkable. become. In the fourth-order mode vibration, four places in the circumferential direction are crests of plane mode vibration, four places are troughs of plane mode vibration, and the declination angle between the peaks and troughs is 45 °.

  According to the first embodiment in which the coil magnetic pole and the permanent magnet are divided in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent line, and the divided one and the other are shifted with respect to each other in the circumferential direction, the latent mode vibration is generated when the magnetic circuit is formed. Therefore, surface mode vibration can be effectively prevented.

Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1 (and FIG. 5) of the rotor of the rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the VV plane in FIG. 4 and is shown together with the vertical cross-section of the stator.
Since the basic configuration of this embodiment is common to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 described above, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different configurations will be described.

  In the second embodiment, the circumferential position of the permanent magnet 5 is shifted between the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side. Then, the inner and outer permanent magnets 5 and 5 having opposite polarities are coupled by the back yoke 21. Further, between the permanent magnets 5 and 5 adjacent in the circumferential direction, a high-strength nonmagnetic member 22 made of a nonmagnetic material having excellent strength is filled. As a result, the permanent magnets 5 and 5 coupled by the back yoke 21 form a part of the magnetic circuit, avoiding a short circuit of the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction, and increasing the strength of the rotor.

  Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4, the back yoke 21 and the high-strength nonmagnetic member 22 are formed in a spiral shape with the axis O as the center.

  A coil 7 is wound in the middle of each coil magnetic pole 6 extending in the direction of the axis O. The tip of the coil magnetic pole 6 faces the rotor 1 with the gap 3 interposed therebetween. The root of the coil magnetic pole 6 is coupled to a yoke 8 embedded on the back side of the stator 4 far from the rotor 1. When the coil 7 is energized, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic flux of the coil magnetic pole 6 passes through the yoke 8, the air gap 3, the permanent magnet 5, and the yoke 21 to form a magnetic circuit α.

  According to the second embodiment, since the latent mode vibration is canceled when the magnetic circuit α is formed, the surface mode vibration can be effectively prevented.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the stator of the rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment, taken along the plane II-II in FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor taken along the III-III plane in FIG.
The third embodiment also relates to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a stator and a rotor are opposed to each other in the axial direction. In the stator 4, the coil magnetic pole 6 is divided into two in the radial direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent. Then, a gap area in which the outer-diameter side coil magnetic pole 6g is directed to the gap 3 and a gap area in which the inner-diameter side coil magnetic pole 6n is directed to the gap 3 are defined as shown in FIG. That is, the gap area of the coil magnetic pole 6g is made smaller than the gap area of the coil magnetic pole 6n. Further, the permanent magnet 5 and the coil magnetic pole 6 are formed in a spiral shape.

  Further, the gap area where the outer permanent magnet 5g is directed to the gap 3 is made smaller than the gap area where the inner permanent magnet 5n is directed to the gap 3.

  In an axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the mode shape f (r), which is the sensitivity of vibration, increases as the radius increases, as shown in the characteristic diagram of FIG.

According to the third embodiment, since the gap area of the coil pole 6g on the outer diameter side is made smaller than the gap area of the coil pole 6n on the inner diameter side, it is possible to reduce the influence of the mode shape. Thus, the surface mode vibration can be prevented or reduced.
Further, since the gap area of the permanent magnet 5g on the outer diameter side is made smaller than the gap area of the permanent magnet 5n on the inner diameter side, it is possible to reduce the influence of the mode shape and prevent or reduce the surface mode vibration. It becomes possible to do.

Specifically, the radius of the outer-diameter side coil magnetic pole 6g and the outer-diameter side permanent magnet 5g is r2. The radius of the coil magnetic pole 6n on the inner diameter side and the permanent magnet 5n on the inner diameter side is r1. For this reason, the mode shape f (r) is larger in the coil magnetic pole 6g on the outer diameter side and the permanent magnet 5g.
However, since the gap area between the coil magnetic pole 6g on the outer diameter side and the permanent magnet 5g is small, the magnetic flux of these 6g and 5g is smaller than the magnetic flux of the coil magnetic pole 6n on the inner diameter side and the permanent magnet 5n.
Therefore, a balance can be achieved by the suction force between the rotor 1 and the stator 4, and surface mode vibration can be prevented or reduced.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the stator of the rotating electrical machine according to the fourth embodiment, taken along the plane II-II in FIG. The fourth embodiment also relates to an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a stator and a rotor are opposed to each other in the axial direction. In the stator 4, the coil magnetic pole 6 is divided into three pieces in the radial direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent. Then, the gap area where the coil magnetic pole 6 in the outer diameter direction is directed to the gap 3 is made smaller than the gap area between the coil magnetic pole 6 and the permanent magnet in the inner diameter direction.

  Specifically, the gap area of the coil magnetic pole 6c on the outer diameter side (the distance from the stator center to the approximate center of the coil magnetic pole 6c indicated by x is radius r5) is the gap area of the coil magnetic pole 6a on the inner diameter side (radius r3). It is made smaller than the gap area. Furthermore, it is made smaller than the gap area of the coil magnetic pole 6b in the radial direction middle (radius r4) than the gap area of the coil magnetic pole 6a on the inner diameter side (radius r3) (r5> r4> r3). In this fourth embodiment, the mode shape f (r), which is the sensitivity of vibration, increases as the radius increases, as shown in the characteristic diagram of FIG.

  The coil magnetic pole 6 is formed in a spiral shape, and the circumferential position of the radially intermediate coil magnetic pole 6b is shifted by 45 ° from the circumferential position of the coil magnetic pole 6a on the inner diameter side. Further, the circumferential position of the outer-diameter side coil magnetic pole 6c is shifted by 45 ° from the circumferential position of the radially intermediate coil magnetic pole 6b.

  According to the fourth embodiment, since the gap area of the coil pole 6a on the outer diameter side is made smaller than the gap area of the coil pole 6c on the inner diameter side, it is possible to reduce the influence of the mode shape. Thus, the surface mode vibration can be prevented or reduced.

  Further, since the gap area of the coil pole 6c on the inner diameter side is made smaller than the gap area of the coil pole 6b in the radial direction, the gap area of the middle coil pole 6b among the three coil poles is maximized. The balance between the rotor 1 and the stator 4 can be easily balanced, and surface mode vibration can be prevented or reduced.

  Although not shown, the permanent magnet 5 is also divided into three in the radial direction, and the gap area of the permanent magnet on the outer diameter side is made smaller than the gap area on the inner diameter side, so that the permanent magnet on the inner diameter side Even if the gap area is made smaller than the gap area of the permanent magnet in the middle in the radial direction, the above-described effects can be obtained.

  These first to fourth embodiments are exemplifications of the present invention, and the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof. The present invention is also applicable to a radial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a stator and a rotor are arranged in an outer diameter direction and an inner diameter direction. That is, as schematically shown in the perspective views of FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b), dividing the coil magnetic pole 6 and the permanent magnet 5 into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction tangent β and the perpendicular direction γ is shown in FIG. ) Means to divide into g and n in the radial direction γ. Moreover, as shown in FIG.11 (b), it means dividing | segmenting into the axial direction O by g and n.

  In the present invention, the permanent magnet 5 may be disposed on the surface of the rotor 1 or the permanent magnet 5 may be embedded therein.

1 is a perspective view showing a rotating electrical machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the stator of the Example. It is sectional drawing of the rotor of the Example. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor of a rotating electrical machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same Example. It is sectional drawing of the stator of the rotary electric machine which becomes 3rd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the rotor of the Example. It is a characteristic figure of the mode shape of the Example. It is sectional drawing of the stator of the rotary electric machine which becomes 4th Example of this invention. It is a characteristic figure of the mode shape of the Example. It is a perspective view for demonstrating dividing | segmenting into a plurality in the direction orthogonal to a circumferential direction tangent, (a) is an axial gap type rotary electric machine, (b) is a radial gap type rotary electric machine.

Explanation of symbols

1 Rotating electrical machine rotor 2 Rotor shaft 3 Air gap (air gap)
4 Rotating electrical machine stator 5 Permanent magnet 6 Coil magnetic pole 7 Coil 8 Yoke 21 Back yoke 22 High-strength nonmagnetic member

Claims (5)

A plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction on a rotor that is rotatably supported, and a plurality of coil magnetic poles are arranged in the circumferential direction on the stator, and the rotor is magnetically coupled with a stator that is opposed to the gap. In a rotating electrical machine that rotates by forming a circuit,
The coil magnetic pole is divided into a plurality of directions perpendicular to the circumferential tangent, and the divided one coil magnetic pole and the other perpendicular to each other are shifted so that the circumferential position of the other coil magnetic pole is different,
The permanent magnet is divided into a plurality of pieces in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent line, and the divided one permanent magnet and the other permanent magnet in the perpendicular direction are shifted from each other so that the circumferential positions thereof are different. Rotating electric machine.   2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the number of circumferential magnetic poles of the coil magnetic pole is SL, the number of circumferential poles of the permanent magnet is P, and the circumferential shift amount of the coil magnetic pole is 360 ° / (2 | SL−). P |).   3. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the divided permanent magnets are shifted by a circumferential width of the permanent magnets so that the polarities of the permanent magnets adjacent in the perpendicular direction are opposite to each other, and the adjacent permanent magnets are adjacent to each other. Forms a part of the magnetic circuit. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Axial gap type with rotor and stator facing in the axial direction,
The coil magnetic pole and the permanent magnet are each divided into two in the radial direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent line,
A rotating electrical machine characterized in that a gap area in which an outer-diameter side coil magnetic pole and a permanent magnet are directed to the gap is smaller than a gap area between an inner-diameter side coil magnetic pole and a permanent magnet. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Axial gap type with rotor and stator facing in the axial direction,
The coil magnetic pole and the permanent magnet are each divided into three pieces in the radial direction perpendicular to the circumferential tangent line,
The gap area where the coil magnetic pole and permanent magnet on the outer diameter side are directed to the gap is made smaller than the gap area of the coil magnetic pole and permanent magnet on the inner diameter side, and the gap area between the coil magnetic pole and permanent magnet on the inner diameter side is reduced. An electric rotating machine characterized in that it is smaller than the gap area between the coil pole and the permanent magnet in the middle in the radial direction.

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