JP2009215478A - Gasifier for gas hydrate - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gasifier for gas hydrates which makes it possible to gasify a gas hydrate efficiently and stably. <P>SOLUTION: The gasifier includes: a tank 3 capable of accepting a solid-state gas hydrate; a gas send-out pipe 15 which is provided at the upper part of the above tank 3 and which sends out such a gas that the gas hydrate is gasified; a hot-water injecting means 5 which is mounted at the upper part inside the above tank 3 and which sprays a hot-water onto the gas hydrate; a porous support 7 which is so mounted as to divide the above tank 3 into the upper part and the lower part and which supports the gas hydrate to accept; a connecting pipe 9 having therein the connecting passageway which includes a porous article, connects between the lower part of the above porous support 7 and the upper part inside the above tank 3 and permits flow of the gas and the water; and a heater pipe 11 which is mounted in the connecting passageway inside the above connecting pipe 9 and which heats the gas hydrate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas hydrate gasifier for gasifying solid gas hydrate.

As is well known, natural gas hydrate (hereinafter referred to as NGH) is an inclusion compound in which natural gas is taken into a space of a cage-like crystal structure formed by water molecules, and is an icy solid substance. . The NGH can embryonated many natural gas NGH1m ³ per about 160 Nm ^3. NGH is stably present at a temperature of about −80 ° C. under atmospheric pressure, and is also known for its self-preserving ability to suppress decomposition at a temperature of about −20 ° C. Compared to liquefied natural gas (LNG) This is advantageous in terms of equipment specifications and handling. From these facts, studies for practical application of each process, apparatus, and system such as production, transportation, and gasification of NGH have been made, and many techniques have been proposed.

  For example, natural gas produced from small and medium-sized gas fields is made into NGH pellets at the gas production location, and this is transported to a receiving base installed at the natural gas consumption location by a transport ship and stored in a storage tank. The NGH stored in the storage tank is sent to a gasifier installed in the receiving base, where it is regasified into natural gas and used as fuel for power generation equipment. Or, using a tank truck or the like, NGH is transported to another consumption place, where NGH is gasified and used for city gas or the like.

Since NGH is a solid substance, it is necessary to gasify NGH in order to use it as natural gas. NGH can be decomposed into water and natural gas by a simple operation of heating. For example, NGH can be gasified by injecting warm water into NGH in the tank from above. In the case of the method of injecting warm water from above into the gas hydrate in the tank, starting with NGH, the injected warm water and the molten water generated during gasification flow down through the gap of the gas hydrate. There is a risk of freezing. In order to solve this problem, a porous plate-like support body that divides the tank vertically into two parts is provided in the tank, the gas hydrate is supported by the porous plate-like support member, and the hot water is jetted upward on the porous plate-like support member. A gasifier provided with a nozzle has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-138349 A

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is assumed that there is no concern about freezing as in the prior art because the injected hot water and melted water are directly separated from the lowest part of the gas hydrate by jetting the hot water upward. However, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the hot water injection nozzle is buried in the gas hydrate, and there is a possibility that the hot water injected from one hot water injection nozzle does not spread over a wide range. For this reason, it is necessary to install many hot water injection nozzles. Further, since the injected hot water does not flow between the gas hydrates, there is no fear of freezing, but the heat of the hot water cannot be fully utilized, which is not efficient. This is the same not only for NGH but also for other gas hydrates.

  The objective of this invention is providing the gas hydrate gasification apparatus which can gasify gas hydrate efficiently and stably.

  The present invention according to claim 1 is a gas hydrate gasification apparatus for gasifying solid gas hydrate, provided in a tank capable of storing solid gas hydrate, and provided in an upper part of the tank. A gas delivery pipe for sending gasified gas hydrate, a gas delivery pipe attached to the upper part of the tank and spraying hot water on the gas hydrate, and a tank attached to the tank so as to partition the tank vertically. A porous support for supporting the gas hydrate to be communicated, and a communication passage formed in the porous body, and having a communication passage through which gas and water can be communicated between the lower part of the porous support and the upper part of the tank. A gas hydrate gasification apparatus comprising: a pipe; and a heating pipe that is attached in a communication passage inside the communication pipe and heats the gas hydrate.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the gas hydrate gasifier according to the first aspect, the connecting pipe has a plate shape, and a plurality of compartments are formed on the porous support. And a gas hydrate supply device comprising a gas hydrate supply pipe for supplying gas hydrate to each of the sections connected to the distributor and partitioned by the connecting pipe. And the hot water injection means includes a shower head disposed on an outer periphery of each of the gas hydrate supply pipes.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the gas hydrate gasifier according to the second aspect, only the wall surface of the connecting pipe that faces the inner wall surface of the tank is a non-porous body, and the non-porous body and the inner wall surface of the tank are provided. The region surrounded by is formed as a degassing communication passage without being filled with gas hydrate.

  The present invention according to claim 4 is a gas hydrate gasification apparatus for gasifying solid gas hydrate, provided in a tank capable of storing solid gas hydrate, and provided in an upper part of the tank. A gas delivery pipe that delivers gasified gas hydrate, and a porous plate-like shape that is arranged so that the middle part of the tank is divided into a plurality of compartments, allowing gas and water to flow A communication pipe having a communication passage extending in the vertical direction inside, a heating pipe attached to the communication passage inside the communication pipe for heating the gas hydrate, and a plurality of sections partitioned by the communication pipe, A constriction part at the bottom, a receiving body provided so as to cover the constriction part with a slight gap with the constriction part, and a heating tube provided so as to contact the outer wall surface of the receiving body, On the bottom of the receptacle A porous support for supporting a gas hydrate to be stored and a gas hydrate, a distributor for distributing the gas hydrate, a gas hydrate connected to the distributor and supplied to each section partitioned by the connecting pipe A gas hydrate comprising: a gas hydrate supply device including a supply pipe; and hot water injection means for spraying hot water on the gas hydrate including a shower head disposed on an outer periphery of each gas hydrate supply pipe. It is a rate gasifier.

  Since the gas hydrate gasification apparatus of the present invention has a connecting pipe which is formed of a porous body and has a communication passage through which a gas and water that communicate between the lower part of the porous support and the upper part of the tank can flow. When the gas hydrate is filled on the porous support and hot gas is injected from above the gas hydrate to gasify the gas hydrate, the molten water generated along with the gasification and the hot water to be injected are passed through the connecting pipe. It can flow down reliably below the porous support. Even if the gas hydrate that has passed through the porous support is gasified below the porous support, the generated gas moves to the upper part of the tank through the connecting pipe. It can be safely gasified. Moreover, since the heating pipe | tube which heats gas hydrate is provided in the connection channel | path inside a connecting pipe, water does not freeze on the connecting pipe surface, and water and gas can be made to pass through reliably. Furthermore, since the heating pipe is arranged in the connecting pipe, when filling the solid gas hydrate from the upper part of the tank, the gas hydrate does not collide with the heating pipe, preventing the heating pipe from being damaged or deformed. can do. It is a gas hydrate gasifier which has a relatively simple apparatus configuration and can be put into practical use on an industrial scale.

  According to the present invention, the connecting pipe has a plate shape, is arranged so as to form a plurality of compartments on the porous support, and further distributes the gas hydrate, the distributor A gas hydrate supply device having a gas hydrate supply pipe for supplying a gas hydrate to each section connected to a vessel and partitioned by the connecting pipe, and the hot water injection means is provided for each gas hydrate supply pipe. Since the shower head arranged on the outer periphery is provided, the heating area of the heating tube is wide, and the gas hydrate can be gasified more stably and efficiently.

  Further, according to the present invention, only the wall surface facing the inner wall surface of the tank of the connecting pipe is a non-porous body, and the region surrounded by the non-porous body and the inner wall surface of the tank is filled with gas hydrate without filling with gas hydrate. Since the venting communication passage is used, the gas venting communication passage can be reliably secured. Therefore, even if the gas hydrate that has passed through the porous support is gasified below the porous support, the generated gas moves to the upper part of the tank through the communication pipe and the gas vent communication passage. It can be gasified more safely and stably.

  The gas hydrate gasifier according to the present invention has a porous plate-like shape, and is arranged so that the tank intermediate portion is divided into a plurality of sections, and extends in the vertical direction in which gas and water can flow. In a plurality of sections partitioned by a connecting pipe having a communication passage inside, a receiver having a throttle part at the lower part for each section and having a slight gap with the throttle part and covering the throttle part, Since it has a heating tube provided to contact the outer wall surface of the receiver, the amount of the installed heating tube is large, and the gas hydrate can be gasified efficiently, stably and safely. . Moreover, since the heating pipe | tube which heats gas hydrate is provided in the connection channel | path inside a connecting pipe, water does not freeze on the connecting pipe surface, and water and gas can be made to pass through reliably. Furthermore, since the heating pipe is arranged so as to contact the inner wall of the connecting pipe and the outer wall surface of the receiving body, when filling the solid gas hydrate from the upper part of the tank, the gas hydrate may collide with the heating pipe. In addition, breakage and deformation of the heating tube can be prevented. Moreover, it is a gas hydrate gasifier which has a relatively simple device configuration and can be put into practical use on an industrial scale.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an NGH gasifier 1 as a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the connecting pipe 9 of the NGH gasifier 1. The NGH gasifier 1 is a device that gasifies NGH pellets 2 and sends out natural gas. A tank 3 that contains pellet-shaped NGH, a hot water jet that is installed in the tank 3 and injects hot water into the NGH pellets 2 Means 5, a screen 7 attached so as to partition the inside of the tank 3 up and down, a plurality of connecting pipes 9 connecting the lower part of the screen 7 and the upper part of the tank 3, and a heating pipe 11 mounted in the connecting pipe 9. Prepare.

  The tank 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the wall surface has a heat insulating structure. The tank 3 accommodates the NGH pellet 2 and serves as a treatment tank when the NGH pellet 2 is gasified to generate natural gas. In the upper part of the tank 3, there is an NGH supply pipe 13 for supplying the NGH pellet 2, a brackish water separator 14, and a gas delivery pipe 15 for sending out the natural gas generated by gasification of the NGH pellet 2 through the brackish water separator 14. Attached. Furthermore, a pressure detector 17 for detecting the pressure in the tank 3 and a safety valve 19 for releasing the natural gas in the tank 3 when the pressure in the tank 3 rises abnormally are attached. The NGH supply pipe 13, the brackish water separator 14, the gas delivery pipe 15, the pressure detector 17, and the conduit of the safety valve 19 make it difficult for ice to adhere to the inner surface with a Teflon (registered trademark) coating or the like and / or to prevent freezing. It is preferable to install an electric heater and take measures to prevent freezing. On the other hand, the lower part of the tank 3 is provided with a cold water pool 21 for storing water generated when the NGH pellet 2 is gasified, and the cold water stored in the cold water pool 21 is supplied via a cold water feed pump (not shown). Used as a cooling medium for a cooler (not shown) outside the system. Further, a water level control device (not shown) for controlling the water level of the cold water pool 21 is provided.

  The hot water injection means 5 includes a ring-shaped hot water supply pipe 22 attached above the inside of the tank 3, and a plurality of hot water injection nozzles 24 mounted on the hot water supply pipe 22, and the NGH pellet 2 accommodated in the tank 3 has an NGH. Hot water is sprayed from above the pellet 2 to heat and gasify the NGH pellet 2. The hot water supply pipe 22 and the hot water injection nozzle 24 are equipped with an electric heater (not shown) for preventing freezing. The number of the hot water injection nozzles 24 is not particularly limited, and may be provided so that the hot water is sprayed over the entire cross section of the tank 3. The hot water spray nozzle 24 does not need to spray hot water at a high speed, and a commercially available spray nozzle capable of spraying hot water at a wide angle can be used. By using an injection nozzle that injects hot water at a wide angle, the number of hot water injection nozzles 24 attached can be reduced. The hot water used here is not limited to hot water having a specific temperature, and may be water having a temperature at which the NGH pellet 2 can be heated. For example, tap water or industrial water of about 10 ° C. to 30 ° C. River water etc. can be used. In addition, it is a case where the water generated when gasifying the NGH pellet 2 as in the present embodiment is used as a cooling medium for a cooler (not shown) outside the system, and the cooler at the use destination has a predetermined water quality. When the NGH pellet 2 is requested, water that satisfies this water quality is used as the hot water for heating the NGH pellet 2.

  A screen 7 is attached to the middle part of the tank 3 so as to partition the tank 3 up and down. The screen 7 supports the supplied NGH pellets 2 and at the same time separates water generated during gasification. A cold water pool 21 for storing cold water is provided in the lower part of the tank 3, and water generated by gasification is stored in the cold water pool 21. Examples of the screen 7 include a wire mesh and a punching metal (punched wire mesh). The size of the opening of the screen 7 is preferably about 1/3 of the average particle diameter of the NGH pellet 2 so that the supplied NGH pellet 2 does not pass through. By setting the size of the openings of the screen 7 in this way, the supplied NGH pellets 2 do not pass through the screen 7 and water can pass sufficiently. Even if a part of the NGH pellet 2 melts and passes through the screen 7 and falls into the cold water pool 21, the volume of the NGH pellet 2 at that time is about 1/9 of the volume of the NGH pellet 2 immediately after supply. Even if the NGH pellets 2 that have fallen into the cold water pool 21 are gasified relatively quickly, the disturbance to the natural gas generation amount control can be reduced. On the screen 7, the NGH pellet 2 is supplied from the NGH supply pipe 13 provided on the upper part of the tank 3, so that the screen 7 needs to be strong enough not to be deformed even if the NGH pellet 2 collides. The higher the screen 7 is attached, the smaller the amount of NGH pellets 2 that can be accommodated and the more frequently the NGH pellets 2 are supplied. Therefore, if the height of the cold water pool 21 at the bottom of the tank 3 is taken into account, the height of the screen 7 is determined. Good.

  The connecting pipe 9 connects the lower part of the screen 7 and the upper part of the tank 3, and the water generated when the NGH pellet 2 is gasified flows down to the lower part of the screen 7, while the NGH pellet 2 falls into the cold water pool 21, The natural gas gasified in the cold water pool 21 is guided to the upper part of the tank 3. For this reason, the connection pipe 9 has an upper surface and side surfaces made of a metal mesh, a bottom surface is opened, and an inside is a space portion 25, and the space portion 25 functions as a communication passage. The lower end of the connecting pipe 9 is fixed to the screen 7, and the upper end 23 of the connecting pipe 9 is at a position lower than the hot water injection nozzle 24. Since the NGH pellet 2 is supplied so that the height of the upper end 23 of the connecting pipe 9 is the same as the height of the NGH pellet 2 to be accommodated or the height of the upper end 23 of the connecting pipe 9 is up, contact is made from this point. It is necessary to determine the height of the tube 9. Since the heating tube 11 is disposed in the space portion 25 inside the communication tube 9, the size may be determined in consideration of the number of the heating tubes 9 and the like. In the present embodiment, six connecting pipes 9 are uniformly attached in the radial direction of the tank 3 and one in the central portion. However, the number of connecting pipes 9 is not particularly limited. These may be determined as appropriate.

  In order to prevent the falling of the NGH pellet 2 and to make the water flow smoothly, the size of the opening of the wire mesh of the connecting pipe 9 is changed in the height direction, and gradually increases from the top to the bottom. It is preferable to change the size of the mesh. For example, in the upper part of the connecting tube 9, the same size as the average particle diameter of the NGH pellet 2, in the central part of the connecting tube 9, about 1/2 the average particle diameter of the NGH pellet 2, the lower part of the connecting tube 9. Then, it is set as about 1/3 of the average particle diameter of the NGH pellet 2. When the charged NGH pellet 2 directly passes through the connecting pipe 9 and falls into the cold water pool 21, the amount of natural gas generated increases rapidly when the NGH pellet 2 is supplied, which becomes a disturbance in controlling the amount of natural gas generated. By making the opening of the upper wire mesh equal to the size of the NGH pellet 2, the NGH pellet 2 hardly falls into the cold water pool 21. The connecting tube 9 is not necessarily formed of a wire mesh, and may be a porous material, and a punching metal (punched wire mesh) or the like may be used. Since the supplied NGH pellets 2 collide with the connecting tube 9 as in the screen 7, the connecting tube 9 must be strong enough not to be deformed even if the NGH pellets 2 collide. The screen 7 and the connecting tube 9 are reinforced as necessary. It may be reinforced with a material.

  Each connecting tube 9 has a cylindrical shape, and a heating tube 11 is provided in each internal space 25. The heating pipe 11 is connected to the heating medium supply pipe 27 and the heating medium discharge pipe 29, and the heating medium supplied from the outside flows inside the heating pipe 11 to heat the NGH pellet 2 and gasify the NGH pellet 2. The connecting tube 9 and its surroundings are heated so that the connecting tube 9 is not blocked by ice. The heating tube 11 is preferably small in diameter and thin in consideration of low temperature brittleness and thermal stress applied by the heating medium. The heating tube 11 passes through the back surface of the screen 7, passes through the screen 7, and is provided in the communication tube 9. The heating tube 11 is attached with a predetermined gap so as not to contact the wall surface of the communication tube 9. Since the heating tube 11 is disposed in the connecting tube 9 and has a predetermined distance from the wall surface of the connecting tube 9, the heating tube 11 is not directly subjected to an impact when the NGH pellet 2 is supplied into the tank 3. 11 deformation and breakage can be prevented.

  As described above, the NGH gasifier 1 connects the lower part of the screen 7 and the upper part of the tank 3 and has the connecting pipe 9 through which water and natural gas can flow, so that hot water is sprayed from above the NGH pellet 2. However, the sprayed hot water and the melted water generated by melting the NGH pellet 2 enter the space portion 25 inside the connecting tube 9 through the wire mesh forming the connecting tube 9, and the screen 7 Flow down. On the other hand, with the gasification of the NGH pellet 2, the NGH pellet 2 partially melted and having a small particle diameter passes through the screen 7 and falls into the cold water pool 21 where it is gasified and natural gas is generated. Natural gas is led to the upper part of the tank 3 through the connecting pipe 9 and finally discharged from the gas delivery pipe 15 to the outside of the system, so that the pressure at the lower part of the screen 7 does not rise abnormally and is safe and safe. The NGH pellet 2 can be stably gasified.

  FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of an NGH gasifier 30 as a second embodiment of the present invention. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the connecting pipe 35 of the NGH gasifier 30. As shown in FIG. The same members as those in the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The difference from the NGH gasifier 1 as the first embodiment is mainly described. Explained.

  The NGH gasifier 30 is a device that gasifies NGH and delivers natural gas, like the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIG. Although the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIG. 1 accommodates and gasifies the pellet-like NGH, the NGH gasifier 30 includes a device for pulverizing the NGH pellets to promote gasification. The NGH pulverized product 31 obtained by pulverizing the NGH pellets is gasified. The NGH gasifier 30 includes a tank 3 for storing an NGH pulverized product 31 obtained by pulverizing NGH pellets, a shower head 33 that is mounted in the tank 3 and injects hot water into the NGH pulverized product 31, and divides the tank 3 up and down. The attached screen 7, a plurality of connecting pipes 35 that connect the lower side of the screen 7 and the upper part of the tank 3, and a heating pipe 50 mounted in the connecting pipe 35 are provided. Further, an NGH supply device 37 capable of supplying the NGH pulverized material 31 to a plurality of locations in the tank 3 is provided.

  The tank 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the wall surface has a heat insulating structure. The tank 3 accommodates the NGH pulverized material 31 in which the NGH pellets are pulverized, and serves as a treatment tank when the NGH pulverized material 31 is gasified to generate natural gas. In the upper part of the tank 3, an NGH supply device 37 for supplying the NGH pulverized product 31, a gas delivery pipe 15 for sending out the natural gas generated by the gasification of the NGH pulverized product 31, and a pressure for detecting the pressure in the tank 3. A pressure detector (not shown) and a safety valve (not shown) for releasing natural gas in the tank 3 when the pressure in the tank 3 rises abnormally are attached. On the other hand, the lower part of the tank 3 is provided with a cold water pool 21 for storing water generated when the NGH pulverized product 31 is gasified, and the cold water stored in the cold water pool 21 is supplied via a cold water feed pump (not shown). It is used as a cooling medium for a cooler (not shown) outside the system. Further, a water level control device (not shown) for controlling the water level of the cold water pool 21 is provided.

  The NGH supply device 37 includes an NGH pulverizer 41 connected to an NGH inlet pipe 39 located outside the tank 3, an NGH distributor 43 located outside the tank 3 and connected to the lower part of the NGH pulverizer 41, and an NGH distributor 43. And a plurality of NGH supply pipes 45 for supplying the crushed NGH 31 to a predetermined place in the tank 3. The NGH pulverizer 41 pulverizes the NGH pellets sent through the NGH inlet pipe 39 in order to promote the gasification of NGH and sends the pulverized NGH pellets to the NGH distributor 43. A plurality of NGH supply pipes 45 are connected to the NGH distributor 43, and the pulverized NGH pulverized product 31 is supplied into the tank 3 through each NGH supply pipe 45. The tip of each NGH supply pipe 45 is arranged so that the NGH pulverized product 31 can be supplied for each section 47 formed by the plate-like connecting pipe 35. Further, the NGH pulverizer 41 has a gas vent line 42 connected to the gas delivery pipe 15, and natural gas generated during pulverization is sent out or tanked outside the system via the gas vent line 42 and the gas delivery pipe 15. 3 is sent. By connecting the gas vent line 42 to the gas delivery pipe 15, the gas vent line 42 is less likely to freeze than when directly connected to the tank 3. Each NGH supply pipe 45 is preferably provided with an anti-freezing measure by attaching an electric heater for preventing the ice from being easily attached to the inner surface with Teflon (registered trademark) coating or the like and / or freezing prevention. The same applies to the NGH pulverizer 41 and the NGH distributor 43.

  The shower head 33 has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the NGH supply pipe 45 and has a large number of injection holes. Of course, a commercially available injection nozzle may be attached to the shower head 33 to inject hot water. The shower head 33 is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of each NGH supply pipe 45 and sprays hot water sent from the hot water supply pipe 48 toward the NGH pulverized material 31. Similarly to the hot water spray nozzle 24 shown in FIG. 1, the shower head 33 does not need to spray hot water at a high speed, as long as the hot water can be sprayed uniformly on the section 47 formed by the plate-like connecting pipe 35. Usable hot water is also the same as the hot water injection nozzle 24 shown in FIG. The shower head 33 and the hot water supply pipe 48 are equipped with an anti-freezing electric heater (not shown), similar to the hot water supply pipe 22 and the hot water injection nozzle 24 shown in FIG.

  1 is the same as the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIG. 1 except that the screen 7 is attached to the middle portion of the tank 3 so as to partition the tank 3 up and down, but the supplied NGH is not an NGH pellet. Since it is the NGH pulverized product 31, the size of the mesh is determined based on the same concept as the screen 7 shown in the first embodiment in consideration of the average particle size of the NGH pulverized product 31. Moreover, since the cold water pool 21 which stores the water generated when the NGH pulverized product 31 is gasified is provided at the lower part of the tank 3, it is the same as the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIG. Description is omitted.

  The connecting pipe 35 connects the lower part of the screen 7 and the upper part of the tank 3, and causes water generated along with the gasification of the NGH pulverized material 31 to flow downward to the screen 7. The function of leading to the upper part of the tank 3 is the same as the connecting pipe 9 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the shape is greatly different. The connecting pipe 35 shown in the present embodiment is also made of a metal mesh, and the lower end is fixed to the screen 7 and includes a space portion 49 in which the heating pipe 50 can be accommodated. The one connecting pipe 35 has a plate shape. The plate-like connecting pipes 35 are arranged in a lattice pattern. For this reason, a plurality of compartments 47 partitioned by the connecting pipe 35 on the screen 7, in this embodiment, 24 square compartments 47 are formed. The size of the section 47 partitioned by the communication pipe 35 is such that the central part of the tank 3 is large and the periphery of the inner wall of the tank 3 is small. This is because the heating medium supplied to the heating pipe 50 is supplied from the central portion of the tank 3 and is extracted in the direction of the wall surface of the tank 3, so that the temperature of the heating medium supplied to the heating pipe 50 near the tank inner wall surface 55 decreases. It depends. By arranging the connecting pipe 35 in this way, the NGH pulverized product 31 can be efficiently gasified.

  The connecting pipe 35 near the center of the tank 3 has a metal mesh on both sides, and an umbrella-shaped protector 53 having a gas vent hole 51 at the center is attached to the upper part. Instead of the protector 53, the upper part may be a wire mesh, like the connecting pipe 9 shown in FIG. An umbrella-shaped protector 53 having a gas vent hole 51 at the center is attached to the upper part of the connecting pipe 35 in the vicinity of the tank inner wall surface 55, but the surface facing the tank inner wall surface 55 is a plate 57. Water and natural gas cannot enter or exit through this aspect. The space 59 in the vicinity of the tank inner wall surface 55 is a space partitioned by the tank inner wall surface 55 and the connecting pipe 35.

  The heating tube 50 is provided in the space 49 inside the connecting tube 35, similarly to the heating tube 11 shown in FIG. 1, and the function is the same as that of the heating tube 11 shown in FIG. 1. The heating tube 50 is arranged while being folded back in parallel with the screen 7 in accordance with the shape of the communication tube 35. The heating pipe 50 is connected to a heating medium supply pipe 61. The heating medium is first supplied to the heating pipe 50 at the center of the tank 3 to heat the heating pipe 50 at the center, and the heating medium that has heated the heating pipe 50 at the center is Then, it moves to the heating pipe 50 in the direction of the tank inner wall surface 55 to heat the heating pipe 50 and is discharged from the plurality of heating medium discharge pipes 63. For this reason, the temperature of the heating medium supplied to the central heating tube 50 is the highest, and the temperature of the heating medium decreases as it approaches the tank inner wall surface 55.

  When the NGH gasification apparatus 30 is used to gasify the NGH pulverized product 31, the NGH pulverized product 31 is supplied from the NGH supply device 37, hot water is sprayed onto the NGH pulverized product 31, and the heating tube 50 is heated at the same time. . Compared with the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the NGH gasifier 30 has a larger number of attached heating tubes 50, and the NGH pulverized material located between the heating tubes 50 and 50. Since the amount of 31 is small, the NGH pulverized product 31 can be gasified more efficiently. Since the NGH supply pipe 45 is provided for each section 47 divided by the communication pipe 35, by installing a level meter capable of detecting the filling height of the NGH pulverized product 31 by ultrasonic waves or the like, the NGH of each section 47 is installed. The NGH pulverized product 31 can be replenished according to the gasification rate of the pulverized product 31. Further, the NGH pulverized product 31 is not filled in the vicinity of the tank inner wall surface 55, and the space 59 in this region is surrounded by a plate-like body, so that the natural gas generated below the screen 7 is placed in the upper part of the tank 3. It becomes a communication passage for degassing to guide the natural gas to the upper part of the tank 3 through this. In the present embodiment, the example in which the NGH pellets are crushed and supplied to the tank 3 has been shown. However, the NGH pellets may be supplied to the tank 3 without being crushed.

  FIG. 6 shows a schematic configuration of an NGH gasifier 70 as a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion VII in FIG. The same members as those of the NGH gasifier 1 as the first embodiment and the NGH gasifier 30 as the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, the difference will be mainly described.

  The NGH gasifier 70 is a device that gasifies NGH and delivers natural gas, like the NGH gasifier 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG. 3. The NGH gasifier 70 includes a device for pulverizing NGH pellets in order to promote gasification in the same manner as the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG. 3, and gasifies the NGH pulverized product 31 obtained by pulverizing the NGH pellets. The NGH gasifier 70 includes a tank 3 that stores the NGH pulverized material 31, a shower head 33 that is mounted in the tank 3 and injects hot water into the NGH pulverized material 31, and a plurality of tanks that communicate between the lower part of the tank 3 and the upper part of the tank 3 And a heating pipe 50 mounted in the communication pipe 72. Further, an NGH supply device 37 capable of supplying the NGH pulverized material 31 to a plurality of locations in the tank 3 is provided. Although the NGH gasifier 70 is similar in configuration to the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG. 3, the installation procedure of the screen that supports the NGH pulverized material 31 accommodated in the tank 3 is greatly different. Furthermore, the structure of the lower part of the connecting pipe 72 is also different from the connecting pipe 35 of the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG.

  The connecting pipe 72 is made of a wire mesh and has a space portion 49 in which the heating pipe 50 can be accommodated, as in the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG. 3, but the tank 3 has a screen for partitioning the tank 3 up and down. The connecting pipe 72 is not provided, and is fixed to an intermediate portion of the tank 3 through a fixing jig (not shown). One connecting pipe 72 has a plate-like shape, and the plate-like connecting pipes 72 are arranged in a lattice pattern, etc., with respect to the connecting pipe 35 of the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIGS. The communication pipe 72 has the same function as that of the communication pipe 35 of the NGH gasifier 30. The following points are also the same as the communication pipe 35 of the NGH gasifier 30. The connecting pipe 72 near the center of the tank 3 has a metal mesh on both sides, and an umbrella-shaped protector 53 having a vent hole 51 in the center is attached to the upper part. Instead of the protector 53, the upper part may be a wire mesh, like the connecting pipe 9 shown in FIG. An umbrella-shaped protector 53 having a gas vent hole 51 at the center is attached to the upper part of the connecting pipe 72 in the vicinity of the tank inner wall surface 55, but the surface facing the tank inner wall surface 55 is a plate 57. Water and natural gas cannot enter or exit through this aspect. The space near the tank inner wall surface 55 is a space partitioned by the tank inner wall surface 55 and the connecting pipe 72.

  The connecting pipe 72 is different from the connecting pipe 35 of the NGH gasifier 30 in that an inclined plate 74 inclined to the outside is attached to the lower part of the connecting pipe 72. For this reason, the lower part of one section partitioned by the connecting pipe 72 is narrower than the upper part. An inverted truncated pyramid shaped receiver 76 is attached with a slight gap from the inclined plate 74 so as to cover the throttle part 75 formed by the four inclined plates 74, and NGH grinding is performed on the bottom of the receiver 76. A screen 82 for supporting the object 31 is provided. This screen 82 serves as the screen 7 shown in FIGS. The magnitude | size of the opening of the screen 82 is set based on the same view as the screen 7 used for the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG.

  A heating pipe 80 is provided on the outer wall 78 of the receptacle 76 so as to be in contact with the outer wall 78, and the heating pipe 80 is connected to the heating pipe 50 in the communication pipe 72. Since the supplied NGH pulverized material 31 is deposited on the screen 82 provided at the bottom of the receiving body 76, the installed amount of the heating pipe is larger than that of the NGH gasifier 30 shown in FIG. The pulverized product 31 can be gasified. The natural gas generated by heating in the receiver 76 is guided to the communication pipe 72 through the gap between the throttle portion 75 and the receiver 76, and is guided to the upper portion of the tank 3 through the communication pipe 72. The space partitioned by the tank inner wall surface 55 and the connecting pipe 72 is not filled with the NGH pulverized material 31 and is used as a degassing connecting passage, so there is no need to provide a screen. In the present embodiment, the example in which the NGH pellets are crushed and supplied to the tank 3 has been shown. However, the NGH pellets may be supplied to the tank 3 without being crushed.

  As described above, in this embodiment, an example in which NGH pellets and pulverized NGH are used has been shown, but NGH usable in the present invention is not particularly limited in shape and size, and may be solid NGH. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the gas hydrate gasifier of the present invention can be used for gas hydrates other than NGH, for example, gas hydrates of methane, ethane, propane, butane, carbon dioxide, or mixtures thereof.

The schematic structure of the natural gas hydrate gasifier 1 as 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the connecting pipe 9 of the natural gas hydrate gasifier 1 of FIG. The schematic structure of the natural gas hydrate gasifier 30 as 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown. It is sectional drawing to which the IV section in FIG. 3 was expanded. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning of the connecting pipe 35 of the natural gas hydrate gasifier 30 of FIG. The schematic structure of the natural gas hydrate gasifier 70 as 3rd Embodiment of this invention is shown. It is an enlarged view of the VII part in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Natural gas hydrate gasifier 2 Natural gas hydrate pellet 3 Tank 5 Hot water injection means 7 Screen 9 Connection pipe 11 Heating pipe 13 Natural gas hydrate supply pipe 15 Gas delivery pipe 22 Hot water supply pipe 24 Hot water injection nozzle 25 Connection pipe 30 Natural gas hydrate gasifier 31 Natural gas hydrate pulverized product 33 Shower head 35 Connecting pipe 37 Natural gas hydrate supply apparatus 43 Natural gas hydrate distributor 45 Natural gas hydrate supply pipe 47 Section 49 Connecting pipe Space part 50 heating pipe 55 tank inner wall surface 57 plate 59 space part 70 natural gas hydrate gasifier 72 connecting pipe 74 inclined plate 75 throttle part 76 receiver 78 receiving outer wall 80 heating pipe 82 screen

Claims (4)

A gas hydrate gasifier for gasifying solid gas hydrate,
A tank capable of storing solid gas hydrate,
A gas delivery pipe for delivering gas gasified by gas hydrate provided in the upper part of the tank;
A hot water injection means attached to the upper part of the tank and spraying hot water on the gas hydrate;
A porous support that is attached to partition the tank up and down and supports a gas hydrate to be accommodated;
A connecting pipe formed of a porous body, and having a communication passage through which gas and water communicating between the lower part of the porous support and the upper part of the tank can flow;
A heating pipe which is attached in a communication passage inside the communication pipe and heats a gas hydrate;
A gas hydrate gasifier characterized by comprising: The connecting pipe has a plate-like shape, and is arranged so that a plurality of compartments are formed on the porous support,
Furthermore, a distributor for distributing the gas hydrate, a gas hydrate supply device including a gas hydrate supply pipe connected to the distributor and supplied with gas hydrate for each section partitioned by the connecting pipe,
2. The gas hydrate gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the hot water injection unit includes a shower head disposed on an outer periphery of each of the gas hydrate supply pipes.   Only the wall facing the inner wall surface of the tank of the connecting pipe is a non-porous body, and the region surrounded by the non-porous body and the inner wall surface of the tank is used as a degassing communication passage without filling with gas hydrate. The gas hydrate gasifier according to claim 2. A gas hydrate gasifier for gasifying solid gas hydrate,
A tank capable of storing solid gas hydrate,
A gas delivery pipe for delivering gas gasified by gas hydrate provided in the upper part of the tank;
A connecting pipe having a plate-like shape in a porous body, arranged so that the tank middle portion is divided into a plurality of compartments, and having a communication passage extending in the vertical direction in which gas and water can flow;
A heating pipe which is attached in a communication passage inside the communication pipe and heats a gas hydrate;
In a plurality of sections partitioned by the connecting pipe, a receiving part provided at the lower part for each section, and provided with a narrow gap with the restricting part so as to cover the restricting part,
A heating tube provided in contact with the outer wall surface of the receptacle;
A porous support for supporting a gas hydrate provided and stored at the bottom of the receiver;
A distributor for distributing gas hydrate, a gas hydrate supply device including a gas hydrate supply pipe connected to the distributor and supplying gas hydrate for each section partitioned by the connecting pipe;
Hot water injection means for spraying hot water on a gas hydrate comprising a shower head disposed on the outer periphery of each gas hydrate supply pipe;
A gas hydrate gasifier characterized by comprising:

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