JP2009212372A - Electromagnetic actuator and power switchgear using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an electromagnetic actuator which can generate a large driving torque and can be miniaturized. <P>SOLUTION: The electromagnetic actuator is provided with: a fixed iron core 14 having a plurality of magnetic poles inside; a rotation shaft 16 supported by the fixed iron core 14; a movable iron core 18 that is arranged inside the fixed iron core 14, coupled to a ring-like member 12, and supported by the rotation shaft 16 to rotate about the rotation shaft 16; and at least one or more driving coils 20 to 22 for generating the magnetic flux driving the movable iron core 18. The driving coils 20 to 22 are arranged in such a manner that the movable iron core 18 penetrates the driving coils 20 to 22. By energizing the driving coils 20 to 22, the movable iron core 18 is rotated and displaced inside the driving coils 20 to 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator and a power switchgear using the same.

  In the operation mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker, an electromagnetic actuator is applied. This is because the contact of the vacuum circuit breaker has a feature that the opening distance is shorter and linearly operated compared to other circuit breakers, and a linear motion twin that generates a strong electromagnetic attraction force with a short gap. This is because a stable electromagnetic actuator is suitable. For example, FIG. 15 (Patent Document 1) describes the structure and operation of the linear bistable electromagnetic actuator.

  However, in a circuit breaker other than a vacuum circuit breaker and other switchgear, the stroke is long and the contact often reciprocates (oscillates). In addition to the two-point operation of “ON” and “OFF”, a part of the opening / closing device may perform a three-point operation of “ON”, “OFF”, and “ON”. This is composed of two fixed contacts A and B and one movable contact M, and this movable contact reciprocates between three points, so that three states including contact A, cut, and contact B are included. It becomes a contact point that realizes.

  For example, FIG. 16 (Patent Document 2) shows an oscillating bistable electromagnetic actuator, which has a structure obtained by transforming Patent Document 1 into a rotating type. In the latter half of the operation, a high torque can be expected because the magnetic flux flows in a substantially tangential direction, but the torque is small in the initial operation because it flows in the radial direction. In the case where the contact is opened and closed by swinging movement like a low pressure breaker, the swing bistable electromagnetic actuator may be applied in this way, and also in the above-described linear bistable electromagnetic actuator. A reciprocating rocking motion can be taken out via the dynamic link mechanism. However, it cannot operate at three points.

  On the other hand, FIG. 17 (Patent Document 3) is an electromagnetic actuator that rotates between three stable points. The configuration and operating principle will be described below. A rotor 1 made of a magnetic material and having two magnetic poles (1a, 1b) is supported in a rotatable state by a shaft 7, and is made of a magnetic material and has three magnetic poles (2a, 2b, 2c). The stator 2 is disposed with a gap 3 interposed therebetween. Windings 4a, 4b, 4c for exciting the stator magnetic poles 2a, 2b, 2c are wound. The permanent magnet (not shown) fixed to the stator 2 causes a direct current magnetic flux to act on the gap 3 in a radial direction. When energization is performed in the direction shown in the windings 4a, 4b, and 4c, the rotor 1 rotates clockwise and is displaced to the second stable position (position where the rotor 1 and the magnetic pole 2c face each other). It is held by permanent magnet torque. Similarly, the operation can be performed by selecting the energizing direction of the windings 4a, 4b, and 4c to other positions. However, since the conventional example of FIG. 17 is rotated by controlling the magnetic flux in the radial direction, as in a general stepping motor, it is difficult to achieve high speed driving and high torque output. In addition, since ordinary substations and receiving rooms have only a direct current power source such as a battery, it is necessary to prepare a power source and controller for pulse output separately in order to operate such a motor. Absent.

International Publication No. 95/07542 Pamphlet (Figure 1) JP 2001-297912 A (FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-16504 (FIG. 1)

For example, when applied to a high-voltage and large-sized power switchgear such as a gas insulated switchgear, a high-speed and high-torque motion is required. The electromagnetic (suction) force F acting between the iron cores is
F = φ ² / (2 μS) · φ / | φ |
It is represented by Where φ is the magnetic flux flowing between the iron cores, μ is the vacuum permeability, and S is the area. However, F is a vector quantity and is parallel to the vector φ. That is, as shown in Patent Document 3, if the configuration in which most of the magnetic flux φ flows in the radial direction (radial direction), it is needless to say that the use efficiency of electromagnetic torque (load is tangential direction) is poor, and it is necessary for driving. In order to generate a torque, there exists a subject which a main body enlarges.

Further, even with a conventional motor, it is possible to obtain a high torque output through a plurality of gear mechanisms, but there is a problem that not only the efficiency is deteriorated and the apparatus is complicated, but also low speed driving is performed.
In addition, in the configuration example shown in Patent Document 2 in which a conventional direct acting actuator is transformed into a swinging actuator, a high torque output may be obtained, but the stroke is small and the actuator is operated at three points. I can't.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can generate a large driving torque and can reduce the size of the operation device itself, and an electric power equipped with an opening / closing device using the electromagnetic actuator. An object is to obtain a switchgear for a vehicle.

  An electromagnetic actuator according to the present invention includes a fixed iron core having a plurality of magnetic poles on the inside, a rotating shaft supported by the fixed iron core, an inner side of the fixed iron core, connected to a ring-shaped member, and connected to the rotating shaft. A movable iron core supported and capable of rotating about the rotation axis; and at least one drive coil for generating a magnetic flux for driving the movable iron core, the drive coil being circumferential at the position of the movable iron core Are arranged on the fixed iron core so as to generate a magnetic flux having a substantially tangential direction, and by urging the drive coil, the movable iron core is rotated and displaced inside the drive coil. .

  Further, the electromagnetic actuator according to the present invention has an arm that is arranged inside the fixed iron core and connected to the ring-shaped member, and has an arm that reaches the fixed iron core at a notch part of the fixed iron core. It is made to be supported by a rotating shaft via

  According to the electromagnetic actuator of the present invention, the drive coil is disposed on the fixed iron core so as to generate a magnetic flux having a substantially tangential direction of the circumference at the position of the movable iron core, and by energizing the drive coil, Since the movable iron core is rotated and displaced inside the drive coil, a large drive torque can be generated, and as a result, the electromagnetic actuator itself can be miniaturized.

  According to the electromagnetic actuator of the present invention, the movable iron core disposed inside the fixed iron core and connected to the ring-shaped member is an arm that reaches the fixed iron core at a notch part of the fixed iron core. Since the drive coil and the arm do not collide with the rotation (stroke) of the movable iron core, a longer rotation (stroke) can be secured.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The fixed contacts 101 and 102 and the movable contact 103 are disposed inside the tank 100 filled with the insulating gas, and the movable contact 103 reciprocally rotates to switch the electric circuit. The child 103 is connected to the electromagnetic actuator 10 disposed outside the tank 100 through the movable rod 104.

  2 and 3 are a front view and a side view of the electromagnetic actuator 10 according to the first embodiment. The electromagnetic actuator 10 has a fixed iron core (fixed core) 14 mainly composed of iron having fixed yokes 13 arranged on both sides, and is arranged inside the fixed iron core 14, connected to the ring-shaped member 12, and rotated. A movable iron core (movable element) 18 capable of rotating around the shaft 16, an arm 15 for supporting the movable iron core 18 connected to the ring-shaped member 12 on the rotating shaft 16, and the movable iron core 18 are attracted by electromagnetic force. It comprises drive coils 20, 21 and 22 to be operated. The rotating shaft 16 is supported on the fixed iron core 14.

The movable iron core 18 passes through the drive coils 20, 21, and 22 arranged in the radial direction, and reciprocally rotates according to the biasing direction of the drive coils 20, 21, and 22. When a part or all of the winding surface of the drive coil includes the rotating shaft, the magnetic flux path when the drive coils 20, 21 and 22 are energized is substantially the position of the movable core 18 at the position of the movable core 18. It becomes a tangential direction (circumferential tangential direction), and a higher driving torque is obtained. The fixed iron core 14 having the fixed yoke 13 is provided with a notch portion 17 so that the arm 15 can move in the full stroke (the rotation range of the movable iron core 18). In other words, the movable iron core 18 disposed inside the fixed iron core 14 and coupled to the ring-shaped member 12 is connected via the arm 15 reaching the outside of the fixed iron core 14 at the notch 17 in which a part of the fixed iron core 14 is cut out. Thus, the rotary shaft 16 is supported. An angular width θ _{14 in} the circumferential direction of the notch 17 of the fixed iron core 14 is equal to or greater than a rotational angle width in the circumferential direction of the movable iron core 18. The movable iron core 18 disposed inside the fixed iron core 14 and connected to the ring-shaped member 12 is connected via an arm 15 reaching the inside of the fixed iron core 14 at a notch 17 in which a part of the fixed iron core 14 is cut out. Thus, the rotary shaft 16 may be supported. That is, the arm 15 may reach the rotating shaft 16 inside the fixed iron core 14 and be supported by the rotating shaft 16.

  Next, operation | movement is demonstrated using FIGS. 4-7 which are sectional drawings of the electromagnetic actuator 10 by Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where the movable iron core 18 is in a neutral position (first stable point). When the drive coil 20 is energized, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4, the magnetic flux passes from the fixed iron core 14 or the fixed yoke to the movable iron core 18, and the movable iron core 18 is attracted and driven in the direction of the drive coil 20 (counterclockwise). Is done. After a predetermined angular stroke operation, the movable iron core 18 stops when the step 18c of the movable iron core 18 hits the magnetic pole protruding from the fixed iron core 14, and the energization to the drive coil 20 is terminated. When the movable iron core 18 is rotated, the ring material 12 and the arm 15 connected to the movable core 18 are rotated, whereby torque or rotating motion is transmitted to the driven rotating shaft 16. FIG. 5 shows the state after the operation is completed (second stable point). Accordingly, the movable contact 103 (FIG. 1) connected to the rotating shaft 16 is rotated and closed to be electrically connected to the fixed contact 102.

On the contrary, when the opening operation is performed, by energizing the drive coils 21a and 21b, a magnetic flux as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 5 is generated, and the movable iron core 18 moves toward the drive coil 21 (clockwise). Driven by suction. When the movable iron core tries to pass the neutral point, the attracting electromagnetic torque acts in the opposite direction, so that it finally stops at the neutral position shown in FIG. 4 and ends energization of the drive coils 21a and 21b. Therefore, the movable contact 103 connected to the rotating shaft 16 is disconnected from the fixed contact 102 as shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining stopping at the neutral position. The movable iron core 18 is provided with steps 18a to 18d, and the fixed iron core 14 is provided with magnetic poles 14a to 14d for a neutral position (first stable point). The circumferential cross section of the movable iron core is large at the center and small at both ends, and steps 18a to 18d are provided between the center and the ends. Here, the angle theta ₂ looking into the central portion of the movable iron core from the axis of rotation, or approximately equal to the angle theta ₁ which allow for pole 14a~14d of the fixed iron core 14 from the rotary shaft 16, configured to be slightly smaller.

  For example, when the movable iron core 18 is slightly shifted to the left, a magnetic flux as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 6 is generated. Since the magnetic flux on the left side is directed almost in the radial direction, the electromagnetic force caused thereby does not contribute to the torque. However, since the magnetic flux on the right side has a tangential component, the electromagnetic attraction force thereby contributes to the torque, moves the movable iron core 18 in the clockwise direction, corrects the deviation of the movable iron core 18, and stops at the neutral position. The neutral position is a position where the center in the circumferential direction of the magnetic poles 14 a to 14 d of the fixed core 14 coincides with the center in the circumferential direction of the central portion of the movable core 8.

  That is, it can be seen that clockwise torque is generated in the movable iron core 18. Furthermore, if the deviation angle from the neutral position increases, the tangential component of the magnetic flux increases. The electromagnetic torque in the clockwise direction increases. Due to the structural symmetry, when the position of the movable core 18 is shifted to the right, a counterclockwise electromagnetic torque is generated. In addition, when the movable iron core 18 is in the neutral position, the right and left magnetic fluxes have almost only radial components (or their tangential components cancel each other), so that no torque is generated. That is, it can be seen that the restoring torque is acting around the neutral position.

  It is clear from the structural symmetry that the movable iron core 18 is attracted by energizing the drive coil 22 at the neutral position shown in FIG. 4 and reaches the position (third stable point) shown in FIG. In addition, driving the movable iron core 18 to the neutral position as shown in FIG. 4 by energizing the drive coil 21 from the state shown in FIG. 7 is the same as described above.

  Therefore, according to such a configuration, since the drive coils 20, 21, and 22 are arranged in the substantially radial direction when viewed from the rotary shaft 16, magnetic flux is generated in the tangential direction at the position of the movable core 18, A strong electromagnetic force can be generated in the movable iron core 18. This has the merit that the power source can be downsized or the electromagnet itself can be downsized. Moreover, by connecting with the rotating shaft 16 via the ring material 12, a rotational drive torque can be transmitted to the exterior and a power switch and a power switch can be operated.

  Here, the opening operation coil 21 is constituted by the two drive coils 21a and 21b. However, as shown in the sectional view of the electromagnetic actuator 10 according to the first embodiment in FIG. It is also possible to do. The specific operation will be omitted since it is the same as described above. It is clear that the same function can be generated without a fixed yoke or a non-magnetic material. Although the three stable positions are shown in the first embodiment, a bistable electromagnetic actuator can be easily obtained by changing the shape of the fixed iron core 14.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the movable iron core 18 disposed inside the fixed iron core 14 and connected to the ring-shaped member 12 has a notch 17 in which a part of the fixed iron core 14 is cut out, and is outside the fixed iron core 14. It was configured to be supported by the rotating shaft 16 via the arm 15 extending to When the movable iron core and the rotating shaft are directly connected, the connecting portion and the coil collide during rotation, so it is difficult to ensure a long stroke. However, by configuring as described above, the movable iron core can be turned ( Since the drive coil and the arm do not collide with each other (stroke), longer rotation (stroke) can be ensured. This electromagnetic actuator can be used to operate opening and closing of the contacts of the switchgear, and can be used as a power switchgear by mounting this switchgear. The power switch at this time has the features and effects of the electromagnetic actuator described in the embodiment.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the electromagnetic actuator according to the second embodiment. The same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. In the second embodiment, the opening drive coils 21a and 21b are arranged in the tangential direction (circumferential tangential direction). By exciting the drive coils 21a and 21b in opposite directions, the directions of the magnetic fluxes generated in both drive coils are opposite to each other, so that a tangential magnetic flux is formed as shown by arrows in FIG. Therefore, it can be seen that the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, it is obvious that the same effect can be obtained even if the two sets (21a, 21b) and (21c, 21d) are divided. Further, considering the stopping property at the neutral position, it is obvious that the magnetic poles of the fixed iron core 14 may be configured substantially the same as the angle at which the central portion of the movable iron core 18 is viewed, as shown in FIG. This electromagnetic actuator can be used to operate opening and closing of the contacts of the switchgear, and can be used as a power switchgear by mounting this switchgear. The power switch at this time has the features and effects of the electromagnetic actuator described in the embodiment.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
The first and second embodiments do not have a function of maintaining the position when no current is supplied. It can be realized by a mechanism such as a latch or a spring, but can also be realized by using a permanent magnet. For example, FIG. 12 shows an example in which a permanent magnet 23 is attached to the magnetic pole of the fixed iron core 14. As shown in FIG. 12, since each permanent magnet 23 is magnetized in the radial direction, the movable iron core 18 is attracted to the fixed iron core 14 at the stroke end position, so that even if the drive coil 21 is not energized, it is attracted and held. Is done. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, even in the neutral position, holding torque can be obtained by reversing the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet.

In this way, the power switchgear equipped with the electromagnetic actuator or the switchgear that can be operated by the electromagnetic actuator is maintained in the same state even when subjected to mechanical shock or vibration from the outside. There is.
Further, as shown in FIG. 14, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if a permanent magnet 23 is attached to the movable iron core 18. Further, a spring (coil spring or twist spring) may be provided between the output of the electromagnetic actuator 10 and the tank 100, between the movable iron core 18 and the fixed iron core 14 of the electromagnetic actuator 10, or between the arm 15 and the fixed iron core 14. good. The operating speed (opening speed or closing speed) of the movable contact 103 can be increased by spring energy, and the stationary magnet can be held in a stationary state by designing the attracting and holding force of the permanent magnet to be greater than the spring force. Become. This electromagnetic actuator can be used to operate opening and closing of the contacts of the switchgear, and can be used as a power switchgear by mounting this switchgear. The power switch at this time has the characteristics of the electromagnetic actuator described in the embodiment as it is.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the electromagnetic actuator by Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the electromagnetic actuator according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the electromagnetic actuator according to the first embodiment. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating stopping at a neutral position in the electromagnetic actuator according to the first embodiment.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 3. FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 3. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 3. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional linear motion bistable type electromagnetic actuator. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional rocking | fluctuation bistable type electromagnetic actuator. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional electromagnetic actuator which has 3 stable points.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electromagnetic actuator 12 Ring-shaped member 13 Fixed yoke 14 Fixed iron core 15 Arm 16 Rotating shaft 17 Notch part 18 Movable iron core 20 Drive coil 21 Drive coil 22 Drive coil 23 Permanent magnet 100 Tank 101 Fixed contact 102 Fixed contact 103 Mobile contact Child 104 Movable rod

Claims (12)

A fixed iron core having a plurality of magnetic poles on the inside, a rotating shaft supported by the fixed iron core,
A movable iron core disposed inside the fixed iron core, connected to a ring-shaped member, supported by the rotary shaft, and rotatable about the rotary shaft;
And at least one drive coil for generating magnetic flux for driving the movable iron core,
The drive coil is disposed on the fixed iron core so as to generate a magnetic flux having a substantially tangential direction of a circumference at a position of the movable iron core;
An electromagnetic actuator characterized in that the movable iron core is rotated and displaced inside the drive coil by urging the drive coil. The drive coil is arranged so that the movable iron core penetrates the drive coil,
The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the movable iron core is rotated and displaced inside the drive coil by energizing the drive coil.   The movable iron core disposed inside the fixed iron core and connected to the ring-shaped member is supported by the rotating shaft through an arm reaching the fixed iron core at a cutout portion obtained by notching a part of the fixed iron core. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electromagnetic actuator is configured as described above.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 3, wherein an angular width in a circumferential direction of the notch portion of the fixed iron core is equal to or greater than a rotational angle width in the circumferential direction of the movable core.   The drive coil is arranged such that a winding surface of the drive coil includes the rotation shaft, and the magnetic flux generated by the drive coil is configured to be in a substantially tangential direction of a circumference at the position of the movable core. 2. The electromagnetic actuator according to 2. The drive coil is a coil opposed in the radial direction across the movable core, and generates magnetic fluxes in opposite directions so as to generate a magnetic flux having a substantially tangential direction of the circumference at the position of the movable core. It is what
The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the movable iron core is rotated and displaced inside the drive coil by energizing the drive coil.   The said drive coil is arrange | positioned at the both ends and intermediate part of the said fixed iron core, respectively, It comprised so that it might have three stable points in the displacement of the said movable iron core arrange | positioned inside the said fixed iron core and rotating. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 6.   The movable core has a circumferential cross-section that is large at the center and small at both ends, and the angle at which the center of the movable core is viewed from the rotating shaft rotates inside the fixed core. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic pole of the fixed core for one stable point of the iron core is configured to be substantially the same or smaller than an angle viewed from the rotation axis.   The permanent magnet is arrange | positioned inside the magnetic pole of the said fixed iron core, and it has comprised so that the position of the said movable iron core with respect to the said fixed iron core may be hold | maintained at the time of the energization of the said drive coil. The electromagnetic actuator according to item.   The permanent magnet is arrange | positioned at the said movable iron core, and it has comprised so that the position of the said movable iron core with respect to the said fixed iron core may be hold | maintained at the time of the energization of the said drive coil. Electromagnetic actuator. The electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a spring force is applied to the movable iron core to assist the rotation of the movable iron core with respect to the fixed iron core.   An electric power switchgear comprising a switchgear that can be operated by the electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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