JP2009207076A - United antenna for mounting on vehicle - Google Patents

United antenna for mounting on vehicle Download PDF

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JP2009207076A
JP2009207076A JP2008049907A JP2008049907A JP2009207076A JP 2009207076 A JP2009207076 A JP 2009207076A JP 2008049907 A JP2008049907 A JP 2008049907A JP 2008049907 A JP2008049907 A JP 2008049907A JP 2009207076 A JP2009207076 A JP 2009207076A
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antenna
vehicle
leakage current
antennas
current blocking
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JP4992762B2 (en
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Ichiro Shigetomi
一郎 重富
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain an united antenna for mounting on a vehicle where an effect caused from a leakage return current is prevented, which has a stable directivity, and whose whole antenna is lowered in height and is downsized. <P>SOLUTION: In the united antenna 1 for mounting on the vehicle, a ground plate 7 is composed of a printed substrate. Corresponding to each of a plurality of feeding cables 8, 10, 16, 20 which respectively feed electricity to a plurality of antennas 2-6 having frequency bands different from each other, leakage current prevention portions 21-24 are formed on the ground plate 7 with a stripped line. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、互いに異なる周波数帯域を有する複数のアンテナがグランド地板上に搭載され、前記複数のアンテナの各々が複数の給電ケーブルの各々に接続されてなる車載統合アンテナに関する。   The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted integrated antenna in which a plurality of antennas having different frequency bands are mounted on a ground ground plane, and each of the plurality of antennas is connected to each of a plurality of power feeding cables.

近年、車両が高機能化することに伴って、互いに異なる周波数帯域を有する複数のアンテナがグランド地板上に搭載されてなる多周波対応の車載統合アンテナが供されている。この種の車載統合アンテナは意匠性の観点から車外ではなくインパネ(インストルメントパネル)に内蔵されるのが一般的である。ところが、インパネという限られた空間に配置される構成では、安定した性能に必要なグランド地板のサイズを十分に確保することが困難であり、アンテナと各種ECUとを接続する給電ケーブルにリターン電流が漏洩し、そのリターン電流が漏洩する影響により、指向性が安定しないという状況を招いている。このような問題に対し、筒状のシュペルトップを給電ケーブルの端部に装荷することにより、リターン電流が漏洩する影響を回避する構成が開示されている(例えば特許文献1参照)。
特開2000−77932号公報
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, as vehicles become more sophisticated, a multi-frequency vehicle-mounted integrated antenna is provided in which a plurality of antennas having different frequency bands are mounted on a ground plane. This type of in-vehicle integrated antenna is generally built in an instrument panel (instrument panel) rather than outside the vehicle from the viewpoint of design. However, with a configuration arranged in a limited space such as an instrument panel, it is difficult to secure a sufficient size of the ground base plate necessary for stable performance, and a return current is generated in the power supply cable connecting the antenna and various ECUs. The directivity is not stable due to the leakage and the return current leakage. In response to such a problem, a configuration is disclosed in which a cylindrical supper top is loaded on an end of a power supply cable to avoid the influence of return current leakage (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-77932 A

しかしながら、上記した特許文献1に記載されているようなシュペルトップを装荷する構成はアンテナ全体の低姿勢化及び小型化に逆行するものであり、得策であるとは言い難い。   However, the configuration of loading the super top as described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 goes against the low attitude and miniaturization of the entire antenna, and is not a good idea.

本発明は、上記した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、リターン電流が漏洩する影響を未然に回避することができ、安定した指向性を実現することができ、しかも、アンテナ全体の低姿勢化及び小型化をも実現することができる車載統合アンテナを提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and its purpose is to avoid the influence of return current leakage, to realize stable directivity, and to the entire antenna. It is an object to provide an in-vehicle integrated antenna that can realize a low attitude and downsizing.

請求項1に記載した発明によれば、互いに異なる周波数帯域を有する複数のアンテナが搭載されているグランド地板をプリント基板により構成し、複数のアンテナの各々に給電する複数の給電ケーブルの各々に対応して複数のアンテナの各々が送受信する電波の1波長の約4分の1の長さを有する漏洩電流阻止部をプリント基板上にストリップラインにより形成したので、漏洩電流阻止部を形成することにより、リターン電流が漏洩する影響を未然に回避することができ、安定した指向性を実現することができる。しかも、漏洩電流阻止部をプリント基板上にストリップラインにより形成したので、誘電率が「1」である空間に漏洩電流阻止部を形成する場合よりもプリント基板の誘電率により漏洩電流阻止部の長さを短縮することができ、部品点数が増大することもない。また、漏洩電流阻止部を平面状に構成することができ、アンテナ全体の低姿勢化及び小型化をも実現することができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, the ground ground plane on which a plurality of antennas having different frequency bands are mounted is configured by a printed circuit board, and corresponds to each of a plurality of feeding cables that feed each of the plurality of antennas. Since the leakage current blocking part having a length of about one quarter of one wavelength of the radio wave transmitted and received by each of the plurality of antennas is formed on the printed board by the strip line, the leakage current blocking part is formed by forming the leakage current blocking part. Thus, the influence of return current leakage can be avoided and stable directivity can be realized. In addition, since the leakage current blocking portion is formed on the printed circuit board by a strip line, the leakage current blocking portion is longer due to the dielectric constant of the printed circuit board than when the leakage current blocking portion is formed in a space where the dielectric constant is “1”. Therefore, the number of parts is not increased. In addition, the leakage current blocking portion can be configured in a planar shape, and the overall posture and size of the antenna can be reduced.

請求項2に記載した発明によれば、グランド地板を多層基板からなるプリント基板により構成し、漏洩電流阻止部を多層基板にあって複数のアンテナの実装面とグランド面との間の層に形成したので、漏洩電流阻止部からの輻射による影響を未然に回避することができる。   According to the invention described in claim 2, the ground ground plane is constituted by a printed circuit board made of a multilayer board, and the leakage current blocking portion is formed on the multilayer board between the mounting surface of the plurality of antennas and the ground plane. As a result, the influence of radiation from the leakage current blocking unit can be avoided in advance.

請求項3に記載した発明によれば、漏洩電流阻止部をグランド地板の端部に形成したので、リターン電流が漏洩する影響をより確実に回避することができる。   According to the invention described in claim 3, since the leakage current blocking portion is formed at the end portion of the ground base plate, it is possible to more reliably avoid the influence of the return current leakage.

以下、本発明の一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。図1は車載統合アンテナの全体構成を概略的に示している。車載統合アンテナ1は、800MHz帯域の電話通信用のアンテナ2,3、1500MHz帯域のGPS受信用のアンテナ4、2500MHz帯域のVICS受信用のアンテナ5、5800MHz帯域のETC通信用のアンテナ6がグランド地板7上に実装されて構成されている。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall configuration of an in-vehicle integrated antenna. The in-vehicle integrated antenna 1 includes 800 MHz band telephone communication antennas 2 and 3, 1500 MHz band GPS reception antenna 4, 2500 MHz band VICS reception antenna 5, and 5800 MHz band ETC communication antenna 6. 7 is implemented and configured.

電話通信用のアンテナ2は、グランド地板7の一部が切起こされて線状のエレメントが形成されてなる変形折り返しアンテナにより構成され、そのエレメントの一端部2aは給電ケーブル(同軸ケーブル)8の内部導体8aが接続されて給電点とされている。給電ケーブル8の内部導体8aの接続箇所は半田9により半田付けされている。電話通信用のアンテナ3は、グランド地板7の一部が切起こされて線状のエレメントが形成されてなる変形折り返しアンテナにより構成され、そのエレメントの一端部3aは給電ケーブル(同軸ケーブル)10の内部導体10aが接続されて給電点とされている。給電ケーブル10の内部導体10aの接続箇所は半田11により半田付けされている。尚、これら電話通信用のアンテナ2と電話通信用のアンテナ3とは非対称の形状である。また、図1では、グランド地板7の切欠かれた箇所を明記していない。   The antenna 2 for telephone communication is configured by a modified folded antenna in which a part of the ground base plate 7 is cut and raised to form a linear element, and one end portion 2 a of the element is a feeding cable (coaxial cable) 8. An internal conductor 8a is connected to serve as a feeding point. The connection portion of the inner conductor 8 a of the power supply cable 8 is soldered with solder 9. The antenna 3 for telephone communication is configured by a modified folded antenna in which a part of the ground base plate 7 is cut and raised to form a linear element, and one end portion 3a of the element is a feeding cable (coaxial cable) 10. The inner conductor 10a is connected to serve as a feeding point. The connection portion of the inner conductor 10 a of the power supply cable 10 is soldered with solder 11. The telephone communication antenna 2 and the telephone communication antenna 3 are asymmetrical. In FIG. 1, the notched portion of the ground base plate 7 is not specified.

GPS受信用のアンテナ4は、板状のエレメント(金属板)12を搭載した矩形状の誘電体13がサブ基板14に実装されて構成されている。VICS受信用のアンテナ5は、サブ基板14上に形成された導体パターン15により構成されている。板状のエレメント12の一部及びパターン15の一部は給電ケーブル(同軸ケーブル)16の内部導体(図示せず)が接続されて給電点とされている。尚、サブ基板14は台座(図示せず)によりグランド地板7の面方向に対して所定角度だけ傾斜されている。   The GPS reception antenna 4 is configured by mounting a rectangular dielectric 13 on which a plate-like element (metal plate) 12 is mounted on a sub-board 14. The VICS reception antenna 5 includes a conductor pattern 15 formed on the sub-board 14. A part of the plate-like element 12 and a part of the pattern 15 are connected to an inner conductor (not shown) of a feeding cable (coaxial cable) 16 to serve as a feeding point. The sub-board 14 is inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the surface direction of the ground plane 7 by a pedestal (not shown).

ETC通信用のアンテナ6は、板状のエレメント(金属板)17を搭載した矩形状の誘電体18がサブ基板19に実装されて構成されている。板状のエレメント17の一部は給電ケーブル(同軸ケーブル)20の内部導体(図示せず)が接続されて給電点とされている。尚、サブ基板19も台座(図示せず)によりグランド地板7の面方向に対して所定角度だけ傾斜されている。   The antenna 6 for ETC communication is configured by mounting a rectangular dielectric 18 on which a plate-like element (metal plate) 17 is mounted on a sub-board 19. A part of the plate-like element 17 is connected to an inner conductor (not shown) of a feeding cable (coaxial cable) 20 to serve as a feeding point. The sub board 19 is also inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the surface direction of the ground base plate 7 by a pedestal (not shown).

グランド地板7は、プリント基板により構成され、その表面7aは上記した各種アンテナ2〜6が実装されるアンテナ実装面とされ、その裏面7bは全体が導体により形成されてグランド面とされている。上記した電話通信用のアンテナ2に給電する給電ケーブル8、電話通信用3のアンテナに給電する給電ケーブル10、GPS受信用のアンテナ4及びVICS受信用のアンテナ5に給電する給電ケーブル16、ETC通信用のアンテナ6に給電する給電ケーブル20は、各々がグランド地板7の一辺側から同一方向に引出される態様でグランド地板7の表面7a上に配置されている。そして、それら給電ケーブル8,10,16,20の各々に対応して「コ」字状の漏洩電流阻止部21〜24がグランド地板7の表面7a上の端部にストリップラインにより形成されている。   The ground ground plane 7 is constituted by a printed circuit board, and its front surface 7a is an antenna mounting surface on which the above-described various antennas 2 to 6 are mounted, and its back surface 7b is formed of a conductor as a ground surface. A power feeding cable 8 for feeding power to the antenna 2 for telephone communication, a power feeding cable 10 for feeding power to the antenna for telephone communication 3, a power feeding cable 16 for feeding power to the antenna 4 for GPS reception and the antenna 5 for VICS reception, ETC communication The power feeding cables 20 that feed power to the antenna 6 are arranged on the surface 7 a of the ground ground plane 7 in such a manner that each is drawn out from one side of the ground ground plane 7 in the same direction. Corresponding to each of the feeding cables 8, 10, 16, and 20, “U” -shaped leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 are formed at the end portions on the surface 7 a of the ground base plate 7 by strip lines. .

漏洩電流阻止部21〜24は、スルーホール(図示せず)を介してグランド地板7の裏面7bと導通されており、図2に示すように、その長手方向の寸法(給電ケーブル8,10,16,20の延設方向の寸法)(図2中「a」にて示す)は各々が対応するアンテナにより送受信される電波の1波長の約4分の1の長さに形成されていると共に、その左右対称となる中心部で給電ケーブル8,10,16,20の外部導体(編組線)8b,10b,16b,20bが接続されている。電波の1波長の約4分の1の長さとは、電波の1波長の概ね4分の1の長さであり、電波の1波長の4分の1の長さを中心として前後にある程度の幅を持たせた長さである。給電ケーブル8,10,16,20の外部導体8b,10b,16b,20bの接続箇所は半田25〜28により半田付けされている。この場合、給電ケーブル8,10,16,20の外部導体8b,10b,16b,20bはシース(保護被覆)の一部が剥がされることで漏洩電流阻止部21〜24に接続されている。尚、図2は、漏洩電流阻止部21を代表して示している。   Leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 are electrically connected to the back surface 7b of the ground base plate 7 through through holes (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, the longitudinal dimensions (feed cables 8, 10, 16 and 20 (dimensions in the extending direction) (indicated by “a” in FIG. 2) are each formed to have a length of about one quarter of one wavelength of radio waves transmitted and received by the corresponding antenna. The outer conductors (braided wires) 8b, 10b, 16b, and 20b of the power supply cables 8, 10, 16, and 20 are connected to the symmetrical center part. The length of about one-quarter of one wavelength of radio waves is about one-fourth of one wavelength of radio waves. It is a length with a width. Connection portions of the outer conductors 8b, 10b, 16b, and 20b of the power feeding cables 8, 10, 16, and 20 are soldered by solders 25 to 28. In this case, the outer conductors 8b, 10b, 16b, and 20b of the power supply cables 8, 10, 16, and 20 are connected to the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 by peeling off a part of the sheath (protective coating). FIG. 2 shows the leakage current blocking unit 21 as a representative.

ここで、グランド地板7のサイズに着目すると、車載統合アンテナ1が車両に搭載されるという制約から、そのサイズは小さい方が望ましい。その一方で、グランド地板7のサイズが十分に確保されていないと、上記した給電ケーブル8,10,16,20にリターン電流が漏洩し、そのリターン電流が漏洩する影響により、指向性が安定しないという状況を招く。安定した性能を得るには、グランド地板7の一辺の長さは一般的にはアンテナにより送受信される電波の1波長の2分の1の長さが必要であり、本実施形態では電話通信用の800MHz帯域に対応して「190mm」が必要である。   Here, paying attention to the size of the ground base plate 7, it is desirable that the size is smaller because of the restriction that the in-vehicle integrated antenna 1 is mounted on the vehicle. On the other hand, if the size of the ground base plate 7 is not sufficiently secured, the return current leaks to the power feeding cables 8, 10, 16, and 20, and the directivity is not stabilized due to the influence of the return current leaking. Invite the situation. In order to obtain stable performance, the length of one side of the ground plane 7 is generally required to be one half of one wavelength of the radio wave transmitted and received by the antenna. “190 mm” is required for the 800 MHz band.

そこで、本実施形態は、グランド地板7をプリント基板により構成し、漏洩電流阻止部21〜24をストリップラインにより形成することにより、グランド地板7のサイズが十分に確保されていなくとも、リターン電流が漏洩する影響を未然に回避し、安定した指向性を実現している。つまり、グランド地板7の一辺の長さ(図1中「L1」,「L2」にて示す)は「190mm」未満であっても良く、例えば「90mm」であっても良い。   Therefore, in the present embodiment, the ground ground plane 7 is configured by a printed circuit board, and the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 are formed by strip lines, so that the return current can be increased even if the size of the ground ground plane 7 is not sufficiently ensured. The effect of leakage is avoided and stable directivity is realized. That is, the length of one side (indicated by “L1” and “L2” in FIG. 1) of the ground base plate 7 may be less than “190 mm”, for example, “90 mm”.

以上に説明したように本実施形態によれば、車載統合アンテナ1において、グランド地板7をプリント基板により構成し、互いに異なる周波数帯域を有する複数のアンテナ2〜6の各々に給電する複数の給電ケーブル8,10,16,20の各々に対応して漏洩電流阻止部21〜24をグランド地板7上にストリップラインにより形成したので、リターン電流が漏洩する影響を未然に回避することができ、安定した指向性を実現することができる。しかも、漏洩電流阻止部21〜24をグランド地板7上にストリップラインにより形成したので、誘電率が「1」である空間に漏洩電流阻止部を形成する場合よりもプリント基板の誘電率により漏洩電流阻止部21〜24の長さを短縮することができ、部品点数が増大することもない。また、漏洩電流阻止部21〜24を平面状に構成することができ、アンテナ全体の低姿勢化及び小型化をも実現することができる。さらに、漏洩電流阻止部21〜24をグランド地板7の端部に形成したので、リターン電流が漏洩する影響をより確実に回避することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the in-vehicle integrated antenna 1, the ground ground plane 7 is formed of a printed board, and a plurality of power feeding cables that feed power to each of the plurality of antennas 2 to 6 having different frequency bands. Since the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 are formed on the ground base plate 7 by strip lines corresponding to each of 8, 10, 16 and 20, the influence of leakage of return current can be avoided in advance and stable. Directivity can be realized. In addition, since the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 are formed on the ground base plate 7 by strip lines, the leakage current depends on the dielectric constant of the printed circuit board as compared with the case where the leakage current blocking portion is formed in the space where the dielectric constant is “1”. The length of the blocking parts 21 to 24 can be shortened, and the number of parts does not increase. Moreover, the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 can be configured in a planar shape, and the overall posture and size of the antenna can be reduced. Furthermore, since the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 are formed at the end portion of the ground base plate 7, it is possible to more reliably avoid the influence of leakage of the return current.

本発明は、上記した実施形態にのみ限定されるものではなく、以下のように変形または拡張することができる。
互いに異なる周波数帯域を有する複数のアンテナは、上記した用途以外のアンテナであっても良い。
グランド地板7を多層基板からなるプリント基板により構成し、漏洩電流阻止部21〜24を多層基板にあって複数のアンテナ2〜6の実装面とグランド面との間の層に形成しても良く、そのように構成すれば、漏洩電流阻止部21〜24からの輻射による影響をも未然に回避することができる。
漏洩電流阻止部21〜24にインピーダンス整合機能を持たせるように構成しても良く、そのように構成すれば、アンテナ性能を漏洩電流阻止部21〜24により調整することもできる。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified or expanded as follows.
The plurality of antennas having different frequency bands may be antennas other than those described above.
The ground ground plane 7 may be configured by a printed circuit board made of a multilayer board, and the leakage current blocking portions 21 to 24 may be formed in a layer between the mounting surface of the plurality of antennas 2 to 6 and the ground plane. If configured in this way, the influence of radiation from the leakage current blocking units 21 to 24 can be avoided in advance.
The leakage current blocking units 21 to 24 may be configured to have an impedance matching function. With such a configuration, the antenna performance can be adjusted by the leakage current blocking units 21 to 24.

本発明の一実施形態を示す外観斜視図1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. 漏洩電流阻止部を示す平面図Plan view showing leakage current blocking unit

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

図面中、1は車載統合アンテナ、2,3は電話通信用のアンテナ2(アンテナ)、4はGPS受信用のアンテナ(アンテナ)、5はVICS受信用のアンテナ(アンテナ)、6はETC通信用のアンテナ(アンテナ)、7はグランド地板、8,10,16,20は給電ケーブル、21〜24は漏洩電流阻止部である。   In the drawing, 1 is an in-vehicle integrated antenna, 2 and 3 are antennas 2 (antennas) for telephone communication, 4 is an antenna (antenna) for GPS reception, 5 is an antenna (antenna) for VICS reception, and 6 is for ETC communication The antenna (antenna), 7 is a ground plate, 8, 10, 16, and 20 are feeding cables, and 21 to 24 are leakage current blocking portions.

Claims (3)

互いに異なる周波数帯域を有する複数のアンテナがグランド地板上に搭載され、前記複数のアンテナの各々が複数の給電ケーブルの各々に接続されてなる車載統合アンテナであって、
前記グランド地板をプリント基板により構成し、前記複数の給電ケーブルの各々に対応して前記複数のアンテナの各々が送受信する電波の1波長の約4分の1の長さを有する漏洩電流阻止部を前記プリント基板上にストリップラインにより形成したことを特徴とする車載統合アンテナ。
A plurality of antennas having different frequency bands are mounted on a ground plane, and each of the plurality of antennas is connected to each of a plurality of feeding cables, and is an in-vehicle integrated antenna,
A leakage current blocking unit having a length of about one quarter of a wavelength of a radio wave transmitted and received by each of the plurality of antennas corresponding to each of the plurality of power supply cables, wherein the ground base plate is formed of a printed circuit board; An in-vehicle integrated antenna, which is formed on the printed circuit board by a strip line.
請求項1に記載した車載統合アンテナにおいて、
前記グランド地板を多層基板からなるプリント基板により構成し、
前記漏洩電流阻止部を前記多層基板にあって前記複数のアンテナの実装面とグランド面との間の層に形成したことを特徴とする車載統合アンテナ。
In the vehicle-mounted integrated antenna according to claim 1,
The ground base plate is constituted by a printed circuit board made of a multilayer substrate,
The vehicle-mounted integrated antenna, wherein the leakage current blocking portion is formed in a layer between the mounting surface and the ground surface of the plurality of antennas on the multilayer substrate.
請求項1または2に記載した車載統合アンテナにおいて、
前記漏洩電流阻止部を前記グランド地板の端部に形成したことを特徴とする車載統合アンテナ。
In the vehicle-mounted integrated antenna according to claim 1 or 2,
The vehicle-mounted integrated antenna, wherein the leakage current blocking portion is formed at an end portion of the ground base plate.
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