JP2009204531A - Shunt resistor, and power supply device for vehicle equipped with the shunt resistor - Google Patents

Shunt resistor, and power supply device for vehicle equipped with the shunt resistor Download PDF

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JP2009204531A
JP2009204531A JP2008048506A JP2008048506A JP2009204531A JP 2009204531 A JP2009204531 A JP 2009204531A JP 2008048506 A JP2008048506 A JP 2008048506A JP 2008048506 A JP2008048506 A JP 2008048506A JP 2009204531 A JP2009204531 A JP 2009204531A
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current
terminals
voltage
pair
shunt resistor
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Hideki Sakata
英樹 坂田
Akira Matsumoto
明 松本
Takeshi Osawa
岳史 大澤
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
    • G01R1/203—Resistors used for electric measuring, e.g. decade resistors standards, resistors for comparators, series resistors, shunts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively prevent failures in a current detection circuit, while reducing component cost with a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: This shunt resistor comprises a metal plate having a pair of current terminals 11, and a pair of voltage terminals 12 for detecting a voltage drop generated by a current sent between the current terminals 11. Furthermore, the shunt resistor has an intermediate terminal 13 between a pair of voltage terminals 12. While the resistor has a very simple structure provided with the intermediate terminal 13 on the metal plate, failures of current detection circuit can be effectively prevented, while the component cost is reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電流検出抵抗に使用されるシャント抵抗と、このシャント抵抗を備える車両用の電源装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a shunt resistor used as a current detection resistor and a power supply device for a vehicle including the shunt resistor.

所定の電気抵抗を有する金属板からなるシャント抵抗は、流れる電流に比例する電圧が発生する。したがって、シャント抵抗の両端に発生する電圧を検出して、シャント抵抗に流れる電流を検出できる。とくに、金属板からなるシャント抵抗は、放熱特性に優れることから、大電流の検出に適しており、車両用の電源装置の電池に流れる電流検出に使用される。車両用の電源装置に使用される、金属板からなるシャント抵抗は、特許文献１に記載される。
特開２００４−１１７０４５号公報 A shunt resistor made of a metal plate having a predetermined electric resistance generates a voltage proportional to the flowing current. Therefore, the current flowing through the shunt resistor can be detected by detecting the voltage generated at both ends of the shunt resistor. In particular, a shunt resistor made of a metal plate is excellent in heat dissipation characteristics and is suitable for detecting a large current, and is used for detecting a current flowing in a battery of a vehicle power supply device. A shunt resistor made of a metal plate used in a power supply device for a vehicle is described in Patent Document 1.
JP 2004-117045 A

特許文献１に記載されるシャント抵抗は、図１に示すように、一方の側縁の両端部に一対の電流端子９１を、他方の側縁に一対の電圧端子９２を設けている。このシャント抵抗９０は、図示しないが、電流端子９１を電池と車両側とに接続して、電池と直列に接続される。電池に流れる電流は、シャント抵抗を流れてシャント抵抗に電圧降下を発生する。シャント抵抗９０の電圧降下は、電圧端子９２に発生するので、電圧端子９２の電圧を検出して電池に流れる電流を検出できる。車両用の電源装置は、このシャント抵抗の電圧を検出して電池の電流を検出するが、電流を検出する回路が故障すると、電池の電流を検出できなくなる。車両用の電源装置は、電池に流れる電流を検出して、電池の充放電をコントロールしながら車両を走行させるので、電池の電流が検出できなくなると車両を走行できなくなる。このため、電流検出回路の故障をいかに阻止できるかが大切である。シャント抵抗を有する電流検出回路の故障は、たとえばシャント抵抗の電圧端子の接続部の接触不良などが原因で発生する。この弊害を防止するには、２組のシャント抵抗を直列に接続し、各々のシャント抵抗の電圧を検出して防止できる。しかしながら、２組のシャント抵抗を直列に接続する構造は、２個のシャント抵抗を使用することから部品コストが高くなるばかりでなく、さらにシャント抵抗を接続する部分に接触不良を起こすと電流を検出できないばかりか電池の電流が遮断される欠点がある。   As shown in FIG. 1, the shunt resistor described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a pair of current terminals 91 at both ends of one side edge and a pair of voltage terminals 92 at the other side edge. Although not shown, the shunt resistor 90 is connected in series with the battery by connecting the current terminal 91 to the battery and the vehicle side. The current flowing through the battery flows through the shunt resistor and generates a voltage drop in the shunt resistor. Since the voltage drop of the shunt resistor 90 occurs at the voltage terminal 92, the current flowing through the battery can be detected by detecting the voltage at the voltage terminal 92. The power supply device for a vehicle detects the current of the battery by detecting the voltage of the shunt resistor. However, if the circuit for detecting the current fails, the current of the battery cannot be detected. The vehicle power supply device detects the current flowing through the battery and runs the vehicle while controlling the charging / discharging of the battery. Therefore, the vehicle cannot run when the battery current cannot be detected. For this reason, it is important how failure of the current detection circuit can be prevented. The failure of the current detection circuit having the shunt resistor occurs due to, for example, a contact failure in the connection portion of the voltage terminal of the shunt resistor. In order to prevent this problem, two sets of shunt resistors can be connected in series, and the voltage of each shunt resistor can be detected and prevented. However, the structure in which two sets of shunt resistors are connected in series not only increases the cost of components because of the use of two shunt resistors, but also detects current when a contact failure occurs in the portion where the shunt resistors are connected. In addition to being unable to do so, there is a drawback that the battery current is cut off.

本発明は、このような欠点を解決することを目的に開発されたものである。本発明の重要な目的は、簡単な構造で部品コストを低減しながら電流検出回路の故障を有効に防止できるシャント抵抗とこのシャント抵抗を備える車両用の電源装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving such drawbacks. An important object of the present invention is to provide a shunt resistor capable of effectively preventing a failure of a current detection circuit while reducing component costs with a simple structure, and a power supply device for a vehicle including the shunt resistor.

本発明の請求項１のシャント抵抗は、一対の電流端子１１、２１と、この電流端子１１、２１間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する一対の電圧端子１２、２２とを有する金属板からなる。さらに、シャント抵抗は、一対の電圧端子１２、２２の間に中間端子１３、２３を有している。   The shunt resistor according to claim 1 of the present invention has a pair of current terminals 11 and 21 and a pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22 for detecting a voltage drop generated by a current passed between the current terminals 11 and 21. It consists of a metal plate. Further, the shunt resistor has intermediate terminals 13 and 23 between the pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22.

本発明の請求項２のシャント抵抗は、一対の電圧端子１２、２２の中央に中間端子１３、２３を設けて、中間端子１３、２３と両側の電圧端子１２、２２との間の電気抵抗を等しくしている。   In the shunt resistor according to claim 2 of the present invention, the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 are provided at the center of the pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22, and the electric resistance between the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 and the voltage terminals 12 and 22 on both sides is set. Are equal.

本発明の請求項３のシャント抵抗は、一対の電流端子３１と、この電流端子３１間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する電圧端子３２とを有する金属板からなる。さらに、シャント抵抗は、所定の幅の金属板の一方の側縁に一対の電圧端子３２Ａを有すると共に、他方の側縁にも一対の電圧端子３２Ｂを有している。   The shunt resistor according to claim 3 of the present invention is made of a metal plate having a pair of current terminals 31 and a voltage terminal 32 for detecting a voltage drop generated by a current passed between the current terminals 31. Further, the shunt resistor has a pair of voltage terminals 32A on one side edge of a metal plate having a predetermined width, and also has a pair of voltage terminals 32B on the other side edge.

さらに、本発明の請求項４のシャント抵抗は、所定の幅の金属板の両側の対向する位置に一対の電圧端子３２Ａ、３２Ｂを設けて、両側に設けている一対の電圧端子３２Ａ、３２Ｂ間の電気抵抗を同じとしている。   Furthermore, the shunt resistor according to claim 4 of the present invention is provided with a pair of voltage terminals 32A and 32B at opposing positions on both sides of a metal plate having a predetermined width, and between a pair of voltage terminals 32A and 32B provided on both sides. The electrical resistance is the same.

本発明の請求項５の車両用の電源装置は、車両を走行させるモータ３に電力を供給する電池１と、この電池１と直列に接続してなるシャント抵抗１０、２０と、このシャント抵抗１０、２０の両端に発生する電圧を検出して電池１の電流を検出する電流検出回路１５、２５とを備える。シャント抵抗１０、２０は、電池１と車両側に接続される一対の電流端子１１、２１と、この電流端子１１、２１間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する一対の電圧端子１２、２２とを有する金属板からなる。この金属板は、一対の電圧端子１２、２２の間に中間端子１３、２３を設けている。電流検出回路１５、２５は、中間端子１３、２３と電圧端子１２、２２との間に発生する電圧を検出して電池１の電流を検出している。   The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 5 of the present invention includes a battery 1 for supplying electric power to a motor 3 for running the vehicle, shunt resistors 10 and 20 connected in series with the battery 1, and the shunt resistor 10 , 20 are provided with current detection circuits 15 and 25 for detecting the voltage generated at both ends of the battery 20 and detecting the current of the battery 1. The shunt resistors 10 and 20 are a pair of current terminals 11 and 21 connected to the battery 1 and the vehicle side, and a pair of voltage terminals 12 that detect a voltage drop caused by a current passed between the current terminals 11 and 21. , 22 and a metal plate. This metal plate is provided with intermediate terminals 13 and 23 between a pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22. The current detection circuits 15 and 25 detect the current generated by the battery 1 by detecting the voltage generated between the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 and the voltage terminals 12 and 22.

本発明の請求項６の車両用の電源装置は、車両を走行させるモータ３に電力を供給する電池１と、この電池１と直列に接続してなるシャント抵抗３０と、このシャント抵抗３０の両端に発生する電圧を検出して電池１の電流を検出する電流検出回路３５とを備える。シャント抵抗３０は、電池１と車両側に接続される一対の電流端子３１と、この電流端子３１間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する電圧端子３２とを有する所定の幅の金属板からなる。金属板からなるシャント抵抗３０は、金属板の一方の側縁に一対の電圧端子３２Ａを有すると共に、他方の側縁にも一対の電圧端子３２Ｂを設けている。電流検出回路３５は、金属板の両側に設けている一対の電圧端子３２Ａ、３２Ｂの電圧を検出して電池１の電流を検出している。   The power supply device for a vehicle according to claim 6 of the present invention includes a battery 1 for supplying electric power to a motor 3 for running the vehicle, a shunt resistor 30 connected in series with the battery 1, and both ends of the shunt resistor 30. And a current detection circuit 35 for detecting the current of the battery 1 by detecting the voltage generated at the first and second currents. The shunt resistor 30 is a metal with a predetermined width having a pair of current terminals 31 connected to the battery 1 and the vehicle side, and a voltage terminal 32 for detecting a voltage drop caused by a current passed between the current terminals 31. It consists of a plate. The shunt resistor 30 made of a metal plate has a pair of voltage terminals 32A on one side edge of the metal plate, and a pair of voltage terminals 32B on the other side edge. The current detection circuit 35 detects the current of the battery 1 by detecting the voltage at the pair of voltage terminals 32A and 32B provided on both sides of the metal plate.

本発明の請求項１のシャント抵抗は、金属板に中間端子を設ける極めて簡単な構造として、部品コストを低減しながら、電流検出回路の故障を有効に防止できる特徴がある。それは、中間端子と電圧端子に接続して電流を検出している回路が故障しても、別の端子から電圧を検出して電流を検出できるからである。   The shunt resistor according to claim 1 of the present invention has a feature that, as an extremely simple structure in which an intermediate terminal is provided on a metal plate, it is possible to effectively prevent a failure of the current detection circuit while reducing component costs. This is because even if a circuit connected to the intermediate terminal and the voltage terminal and detecting the current fails, the current can be detected by detecting the voltage from another terminal.

本発明の請求項２のシャント抵抗は、中間端子と両側の電圧端子との間の電気抵抗を等しくするので、同じ回路で電流を検出でき、また１組の回路故障で動作させる回路を切り換えても正確に電流を検出できる特徴がある。   The shunt resistor according to claim 2 of the present invention equalizes the electrical resistance between the intermediate terminal and the voltage terminals on both sides, so that the current can be detected by the same circuit, and the circuit to be operated by a set of circuit faults can be switched. Has a feature that current can be detected accurately.

本発明の請求項３のシャント抵抗は、金属板の両側の側縁にそれぞれ一対の電圧端子を設ける簡単な構造として、部品コストを低減しながら、電流検出回路の故障を有効に防止できる特徴がある。それは、一方の側縁に設けた電圧端子に接続して電流を検出している回路が故障しても、他方の側縁に設けた電圧端子から電圧を検出して電流を検出できるからである。   The shunt resistor according to claim 3 of the present invention is a simple structure in which a pair of voltage terminals are provided on both side edges of the metal plate, respectively, and it is possible to effectively prevent a failure of the current detection circuit while reducing the component cost. is there. This is because even if a circuit that detects current by connecting to a voltage terminal provided on one side edge fails, the current can be detected by detecting voltage from the voltage terminal provided on the other side edge. .

本発明の請求項４のシャント抵抗は、両側に設けている一対の電圧端子間の電気抵抗を等しくするので、同じ回路で電流を検出でき、また１組の回路故障で動作させる回路を切り換えても正確に電流を検出できる特徴がある。   The shunt resistor according to claim 4 of the present invention equalizes the electrical resistance between a pair of voltage terminals provided on both sides, so that the current can be detected by the same circuit, and the circuit to be operated by a set of circuit faults can be switched. Has a feature that current can be detected accurately.

本発明の請求項５の車両用の電源装置は、シャント抵抗を、一対の電圧端子の間に中間端子を設けている金属板として、電流検出回路で中間端子と電圧端子との間に発生する電圧を検出して電池の電流を検出するので、シャント抵抗を簡単な構造として部品コストを低減しながら、電流検出回路の故障を有効に防止できる。それは、シャント抵抗の中間端子と電圧端子に接続して電流を検出している回路が故障しても、別の端子から電圧を検出して電流を検出できるからである。   According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the shunt resistor is generated between the intermediate terminal and the voltage terminal in the current detection circuit as a metal plate having the intermediate terminal provided between the pair of voltage terminals. Since the current of the battery is detected by detecting the voltage, it is possible to effectively prevent a failure of the current detection circuit while reducing the component cost with a simple structure of the shunt resistor. This is because even if a circuit connected to the intermediate terminal and the voltage terminal of the shunt resistor and detecting the current fails, the current can be detected by detecting the voltage from another terminal.

本発明の請求項６の車両用の電源装置は、シャント抵抗を所定の幅の金属板として、金属板の両側の側縁にそれぞれ一対の電圧端子を設けて、電流検出回路で、金属板の両側に設けている一対の電圧端子の電圧を検出して電池の電流を検出するので、シャント抵抗を簡単な構造として部品コストを低減しながら、電流検出回路の故障を有効に防止できる。それは、シャント抵抗の一方の側縁に設けた電圧端子に接続している回路が故障しても、他方の側縁に設けた電圧端子に接続している回路から電圧を検出して電流を検出できるからである。   According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply device for a vehicle in which a shunt resistor is a metal plate having a predetermined width, a pair of voltage terminals are provided on both side edges of the metal plate, Since the current of the battery is detected by detecting the voltage of the pair of voltage terminals provided on both sides, it is possible to effectively prevent a failure of the current detection circuit while reducing the component cost with a simple structure of the shunt resistor. Even if the circuit connected to the voltage terminal provided on one side edge of the shunt resistor fails, the current is detected by detecting the voltage from the circuit connected to the voltage terminal provided on the other side edge. Because it can.

以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施例は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するためのシャント抵抗とこれを備える車両用の電源装置を例示するものであって、本発明はシャント抵抗と車両用の電源装置を以下のものに特定しない。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a shunt resistor for embodying the technical idea of the present invention and a power supply device for a vehicle including the shunt resistor, and the present invention is a shunt resistor and a power supply device for a vehicle. Is not specified as below.

さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲を理解しやすいように、実施例に示される部材に対応する番号を、「特許請求の範囲」および「課題を解決するための手段の欄」に示される部材に付記している。ただ、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施例の部材に特定するものでは決してない。   Further, in this specification, for easy understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

図２ないし図４は、ハイブリッドカーに搭載される車両用の電源装置を示す。ただ、本発明の電源装置は、ハイブリッドカーのみでなく電気自動車に搭載することもできる。図に示す車両用の電源装置は、車両を走行させるモータ３にＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ２を介して電力を供給する電池１と、この電池１と直列に接続しているシャント抵抗１０、２０、３０と、このシャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の両端に発生する電圧を検出して電池１の電流を検出する電流検出回路１５、２５、３５とを備える。   2 to 4 show a vehicle power supply device mounted on a hybrid car. However, the power supply apparatus of the present invention can be mounted not only on hybrid cars but also on electric cars. The power supply device for a vehicle shown in the figure includes a battery 1 that supplies electric power to a motor 3 that travels the vehicle via a DC / AC inverter 2, and shunt resistors 10, 20, 30 connected in series with the battery 1. And current detection circuits 15, 25, and 35 that detect voltages generated at both ends of the shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 to detect the current of the battery 1.

電池１は、充電できる電池、たとえばニッケル水素電池やリチウムイオン電池などを直列に接続して出力電圧を高く、たとえば２００Ｖないし３００Ｖとしている。電池１は、過充電や過放電によって電気性能が低下しないように、また電池の寿命を長くするために、所定の残容量となるように充放電の電流が制御される。電池１の残容量は、電池１に流れる充電電流と放電電流の積算値から演算される。すなわち、充電電流の積算値を加算し、放電電流の積算値を減算して変動する電池１の残容量が演算される。   The battery 1 has a high output voltage, for example, 200 V to 300 V, by connecting a rechargeable battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery in series. In the battery 1, the charge / discharge current is controlled so as to have a predetermined remaining capacity so that the electrical performance does not deteriorate due to overcharge or overdischarge and the life of the battery is extended. The remaining capacity of the battery 1 is calculated from the integrated value of the charging current and discharging current flowing through the battery 1. That is, the remaining capacity of the battery 1 is calculated by adding the integrated value of the charging current and subtracting the integrated value of the discharging current.

ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ２は、電池１から供給される直流を三相交流に変換してモータ３に供給し、また発電機４の交流電力を直流に変換して電池１を充電する。このＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ２は、制御回路５に制御されて、電池１からモータ３に電力を供給してモータ３で車両を走行または加速し、エンジンで発電機４を駆動し、あるいは回生制動で発電機４を駆動して、発電機４の電力を直流に変換して電池１を充電する。制御回路５は、ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ２を制御して、電池１からモータ３に供給する電力をコントロールし、また、発電機４から電池１を充電する電力をコントロールして、電池１を所定の残容量となるように制御する。   The DC / AC inverter 2 converts the direct current supplied from the battery 1 into a three-phase alternating current and supplies it to the motor 3, and converts the alternating current power of the generator 4 into direct current to charge the battery 1. The DC / AC inverter 2 is controlled by the control circuit 5 to supply electric power from the battery 1 to the motor 3 to drive or accelerate the vehicle with the motor 3, drive the generator 4 with the engine, or perform regenerative braking. The generator 4 is driven, the electric power of the generator 4 is converted into direct current, and the battery 1 is charged. The control circuit 5 controls the DC / AC inverter 2 to control the power supplied from the battery 1 to the motor 3, and also controls the power to charge the battery 1 from the generator 4 to control the battery 1 to a predetermined level. The remaining capacity is controlled.

電池１に流れる充放電の電流を検出するために、電池１と直列にシャント抵抗１０、２０、３０を接続している。シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０は所定の電気抵抗を有する金属板で、電池１の電流に比例して電圧降下を発生する。すなわち、シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０に発生する電圧降下（Ｅ）は、シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の電気抵抗（Ｒ）と流れる電流（Ｉ）から以下の式で特定される。
Ｅ＝Ｒ×Ｉ
この式から、シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の電圧降下を検出して電池１の電流が検出される。シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の電気抵抗（Ｒ）は、できるかぎり小さく設定される。それは、シャント抵抗が消費する電力が、電気抵抗（Ｒ）と電流（Ｉ）の二乗の積に比例して大きくなるからである。また、消費電力が大きくなるシャント抵抗は発熱量も大きくなることから、電気抵抗（Ｒ）を小さく設定している。電気抵抗（Ｒ）の小さいシャント抵抗１０、２０、３０は、電力損失は小さいが、電流に対する発生電圧も小さくなる。 In order to detect the charge / discharge current flowing through the battery 1, shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 are connected in series with the battery 1. The shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 are metal plates having a predetermined electric resistance, and generate a voltage drop in proportion to the current of the battery 1. That is, the voltage drop (E) generated in the shunt resistors 10, 20, 30 is specified by the following formula from the electric resistance (R) of the shunt resistors 10, 20, 30 and the flowing current (I).
E = R × I
From this equation, the voltage drop of the shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 is detected, and the current of the battery 1 is detected. The electric resistance (R) of the shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 is set as small as possible. This is because the power consumed by the shunt resistor increases in proportion to the product of the square of the electric resistance (R) and the current (I). In addition, since the shunt resistance that increases power consumption also increases the amount of heat generation, the electrical resistance (R) is set small. The shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 having a small electric resistance (R) have a small power loss, but a generated voltage with respect to a current is also small.

シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の小さい発生電圧を増幅するために、電流検出回路１５、２５、３５は、シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の電圧を増幅するアンプ１６、２６、３６を入力側に設けている。アンプ１６、２６、３６で増幅された信号は、演算部１７、２７、３７に入力される。演算部１７、２７、３７は、アンプ１６、２６、３６から入力される信号をＡ／Ｄコンバータ１８、２８、３８でデジタル信号に変換して、シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の電気抵抗とアンプ１６、２６、３６の増幅率から電池１の電流を演算する。たとえば、Ａ／Ｄコンバータ１８、２８、３８から出力される電圧をＥ、アンプ１６、２６、３６の増幅率をＡ、シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０の電気抵抗をＲ、とするとき、演算部１７、２７、３７は以下の式で電流Ｉを演算する。
Ｉ＝Ｅ／ＡＲ
さらに、演算部１７、２７、３７は、Ａ／Ｄコンバータ１８、２８、３８から出力される電圧のプラスマイナスで放電電流と充電電流を識別する。 In order to amplify a small generated voltage of the shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30, the current detection circuits 15, 25, and 35 are provided with amplifiers 16, 26, and 36 that amplify the voltages of the shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 on the input side. ing. The signals amplified by the amplifiers 16, 26, and 36 are input to the calculation units 17, 27, and 37. The arithmetic units 17, 27, and 37 convert signals input from the amplifiers 16, 26, and 36 into digital signals by the A / D converters 18, 28, and 38, and the electrical resistances and amplifiers of the shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 The current of the battery 1 is calculated from the amplification factors of 16, 26, and 36. For example, when the voltage output from the A / D converter 18, 28, 38 is E, the amplification factor of the amplifiers 16, 26, 36 is A, and the electrical resistance of the shunt resistors 10, 20, 30 is R, the arithmetic unit 17, 27, and 37 calculate the current I by the following equation.
I = E / AR
Further, the calculation units 17, 27, and 37 identify the discharge current and the charge current by the plus or minus of the voltage output from the A / D converters 18, 28, and 38.

電池１の電流を検出するシャント抵抗１０、２０、３０は、電池１と車両側に接続される一対の電流端子１１、２１、３１と、この電流端子１１、２１、３１間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する一対の電圧端子１２、２２、３２とを備える。一方の電流端子１１、２１、３１は電池１に、他方の電流端子１１、２１、３１は車両側に接続される。また一対の電圧端子１２、２２、３２は電流検出回路１５、２５、３５に接続される。電流端子１１、２１、３１と電圧端子１２、２２、３２は、リード線やリード板を接続する止ネジ（図示せず）を挿通する貫通孔１４、２４、３４を設けている。電流端子１１、２１、３１と電圧端子１２、２２、３２は、貫通孔１４、２４、３４に挿入される止ネジでもって、リード板やリード線を電気接続するように固定する。   The shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 that detect the current of the battery 1 include a pair of current terminals 11, 21, and 31 connected to the battery 1 and the vehicle side, and a current that is passed between the current terminals 11, 21, and 31. A pair of voltage terminals 12, 22, 32 for detecting a voltage drop generated by. One current terminal 11, 21, 31 is connected to the battery 1, and the other current terminal 11, 21, 31 is connected to the vehicle side. The pair of voltage terminals 12, 22 and 32 are connected to the current detection circuits 15, 25 and 35. The current terminals 11, 21, 31 and the voltage terminals 12, 22, 32 are provided with through holes 14, 24, 34 through which set screws (not shown) for connecting lead wires and lead plates are inserted. The current terminals 11, 21, 31 and the voltage terminals 12, 22, 32 are fixed so as to electrically connect the lead plate and the lead wires with set screws inserted into the through holes 14, 24, 34.

図２と図３の電源装置のシャント抵抗１０、２０は、所定の電気抵抗の金属板からなり、両端部に一対の電流端子１１、２１を設けている。さらに、電流端子１１、２１間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する一対の電圧端子１２、２２を両端部に設けている。さらに、一対の電圧端子１２、２２の間には、中間端子１３、２３を突出して設けている。このシャント抵抗１０、２０は、一対の電圧端子１２、２２の中央に中間端子１３、２３を設けて、中間端子１３、２３と両側の電圧端子１２、２２との間の電気抵抗を等しくしている。   The shunt resistors 10 and 20 of the power supply device of FIGS. 2 and 3 are made of a metal plate having a predetermined electric resistance, and a pair of current terminals 11 and 21 are provided at both ends. Further, a pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22 for detecting a voltage drop generated by a current passed between the current terminals 11 and 21 are provided at both ends. Further, intermediate terminals 13 and 23 are provided so as to protrude between the pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22. The shunt resistors 10 and 20 are provided with intermediate terminals 13 and 23 at the center of the pair of voltage terminals 12 and 22 so that the electric resistance between the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 and the voltage terminals 12 and 22 on both sides is equal. Yes.

図２のシャント抵抗１０は、所定の幅と長さを有する金属板の片側に、一対の電圧端子１２と中間端子１３を設けている。図３のシャント抵抗２０は、金属板の一方の側縁に一対の電圧端子２２を設けて、他方の側縁に中間端子２３を設けている。これらのシャント抵抗１０、２０は、図５と図６に示すように、中間端子１３、２３を折曲する形状とすることができる。このシャント抵抗１０、２０は、中間端子１３、２３が突出しないので、突出する中間端子を配設するスペースのない部分にセットできる。   The shunt resistor 10 of FIG. 2 is provided with a pair of voltage terminals 12 and an intermediate terminal 13 on one side of a metal plate having a predetermined width and length. The shunt resistor 20 of FIG. 3 has a pair of voltage terminals 22 on one side edge of the metal plate and an intermediate terminal 23 on the other side edge. These shunt resistors 10 and 20 can be shaped to bend the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 as shown in FIGS. Since the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 do not protrude, the shunt resistors 10 and 20 can be set in a portion having no space for disposing the protruding intermediate terminals.

さらに、図４のシャント抵抗３０は、所定の幅と長さを有する金属板の両端に、一対の電流端子３１を設けている。さらに、電流端子３１の間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する電圧端子３２を、金属板の両側に設けている。すなわち、金属板の一方の側縁に一対の電圧端子３２Ａを設けると共に、他方の側縁にも一対の電圧端子３２Ｂを設けている。このシャント抵抗３０は、所定の幅の金属板の両側の対向する位置に一対の電圧端子３２Ａ、３２Ｂを設けて、両側に設けている一対の電圧端子３２Ａ、３２Ｂ間の電気抵抗を同じとしている。   Further, the shunt resistor 30 of FIG. 4 is provided with a pair of current terminals 31 at both ends of a metal plate having a predetermined width and length. Further, voltage terminals 32 for detecting a voltage drop generated by a current passed between the current terminals 31 are provided on both sides of the metal plate. That is, a pair of voltage terminals 32A is provided on one side edge of the metal plate, and a pair of voltage terminals 32B is also provided on the other side edge. The shunt resistor 30 is provided with a pair of voltage terminals 32A and 32B at opposing positions on both sides of a metal plate having a predetermined width, and the electric resistance between the pair of voltage terminals 32A and 32B provided on both sides is the same. .

シャント抵抗１０、２０、３０は、１組の回路故障において、電池１の電流が検出できるように複数組の電圧を検出する端子を備えている。複数組の端子に発生する電圧降下を検出するために、図２と図３の電流検出回路１５、２５は、複数のアンプ１６、２６を備えている。第１のアンプ１６Ａ、２６Ａは、マイナス側とプラス側の入力端子を電圧端子１２、２２と中間端子１３、２３に接続している。第２のアンプ１６Ｂ、２６Ｂは、マイナス側とプラス側の入力端子を中間端子１３、２３と電圧端子１２、２２に接続している。この電流検出回路１５、２５は、第１のアンプ１６Ａ、２６Ａから出力される信号で電池１の電流を検出し、第１のアンプ１６Ａ、２６Ａを接続している回路が故障すると、第２のアンプ１６Ｂ、２６Ｂから出力される信号で電池１の電流を検出する。第１のアンプ１６Ａ、２６Ａを接続している回路の故障は、たとえば、制御回路５がＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ２を制御して電池１からモータ３に電力を供給する状態としているにも関わらず、電流検出回路１５、２５が電流を検出しない状態、すなわち検出電流を０Ａとする状態で判定できる。   The shunt resistors 10, 20, and 30 are provided with terminals that detect a plurality of sets of voltages so that the current of the battery 1 can be detected in the event of a set of circuit failures. In order to detect voltage drops generated at a plurality of sets of terminals, the current detection circuits 15 and 25 of FIGS. 2 and 3 include a plurality of amplifiers 16 and 26. The first amplifiers 16A and 26A have negative and positive input terminals connected to voltage terminals 12 and 22 and intermediate terminals 13 and 23, respectively. The second amplifiers 16B and 26B have negative and positive input terminals connected to the intermediate terminals 13 and 23 and the voltage terminals 12 and 22, respectively. The current detection circuits 15 and 25 detect the current of the battery 1 with the signals output from the first amplifiers 16A and 26A, and if the circuit connecting the first amplifiers 16A and 26A fails, The current of the battery 1 is detected by signals output from the amplifiers 16B and 26B. The failure of the circuit connecting the first amplifiers 16A and 26A is, for example, although the control circuit 5 controls the DC / AC inverter 2 to supply power from the battery 1 to the motor 3. The determination can be made in a state where the current detection circuits 15 and 25 do not detect current, that is, in a state where the detected current is 0A.

図４の電流検出回路３５は、演算部３７の入力側に切換スイッチ３９を設けて、切換スイッチ３９でシャント抵抗３０の電圧端子３２Ａ、３２Ｂを切り換えて演算部３７に入力している。シャント抵抗３０の両側にある、電池１に接続される電流端子３１側の電圧端子３２をアースラインに接続して、車両に接続される電流端子３１側の電圧端子３２を、切換スイッチ３９を介して演算部３７の入力側に接続している。この電流検出回路３５は、演算部３７の入力側にアンプ３６を備え、アンプ３６で増幅した信号をＡ／Ｄコンバータ３８でデジタル信号に変換して、電流を演算する。   The current detection circuit 35 of FIG. 4 is provided with a changeover switch 39 on the input side of the calculation unit 37, and the voltage switch 32 A and 32 B of the shunt resistor 30 is switched by the changeover switch 39 and input to the calculation unit 37. The voltage terminal 32 on the current terminal 31 side connected to the battery 1 on both sides of the shunt resistor 30 is connected to the ground line, and the voltage terminal 32 on the current terminal 31 side connected to the vehicle is connected via the changeover switch 39. Are connected to the input side of the calculation unit 37. The current detection circuit 35 includes an amplifier 36 on the input side of the calculation unit 37, converts the signal amplified by the amplifier 36 into a digital signal by the A / D converter 38, and calculates a current.

この電流検出回路３５は、第１の切換スイッチ３９Ａをオン、第２の切換スイッチ３９Ｂをオフとして、第１の切換スイッチ３９Ａから演算部３７に入力される信号で電池１の電流を検出し、第１の切換スイッチ３９Ａを接続している回路が故障すると、第１の切換スイッチ３９Ａをオフ、第２の切換スイッチ３９Ｂをオンとし、第２の切換スイッチ３９Ｂから演算部３７に入力される信号で電池１の電流を検出する。   The current detection circuit 35 turns on the first changeover switch 39A, turns off the second changeover switch 39B, detects the current of the battery 1 with a signal input from the first changeover switch 39A to the computing unit 37, When the circuit connected to the first changeover switch 39A fails, the first changeover switch 39A is turned off, the second changeover switch 39B is turned on, and the signal input from the second changeover switch 39B to the computing unit 37 To detect the current of the battery 1.

従来のシャント抵抗の平面図である。It is a top view of the conventional shunt resistance. 本発明の一実施例にかかる車両用の電源装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the power supply device for vehicles concerning one Example of the present invention. 本発明の他の実施例にかかる車両用の電源装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the power supply device for vehicles concerning the other Example of this invention. 本発明の他の実施例にかかる車両用の電源装置の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the power supply device for vehicles concerning the other Example of this invention. 図２に示すシャント抵抗の一例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an example of the shunt resistance shown in FIG. 図３に示すシャント抵抗の一例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an example of the shunt resistance shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…電池
２…ＤＣ／ＡＣインバータ
３…モータ
４…発電機
５…制御回路
１０…シャント抵抗
１１…電流端子
１２…電圧端子
１３…中間端子
１４…貫通孔
１５…電流検出回路
１６…アンプ １６Ａ…第１のアンプ
１６Ｂ…第２のアンプ
１７…演算部
１８…Ａ／Ｄコンバータ
２０…シャント抵抗
２１…電流端子
２２…電圧端子
２３…中間端子
２４…貫通孔
２５…電流検出回路
２６…アンプ ２６Ａ…第１のアンプ
２６Ｂ…第２のアンプ
２７…演算部
２８…Ａ／Ｄコンバータ
３０…シャント抵抗
３１…電流端子
３２…電圧端子 ３２Ａ…電圧端子
３２Ｂ…電圧端子
３４…貫通孔
３５…電流検出回路
３６…アンプ
３７…演算部
３８…Ａ／Ｄコンバータ
３９…切換スイッチ ３９Ａ…第１の切換スイッチ
３９Ｂ…第１の切換スイッチ
９０…シャント抵抗
９１…電流端子
９２…電圧端子 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Battery 2 ... DC / AC inverter 3 ... Motor 4 ... Generator 5 ... Control circuit 10 ... Shunt resistance 11 ... Current terminal 12 ... Voltage terminal 13 ... Intermediate terminal 14 ... Through-hole 15 ... Current detection circuit 16 ... Amplifier 16A ... First amplifier
16B ... Second amplifier 17 ... Calculating unit 18 ... A / D converter 20 ... Shunt resistor 21 ... Current terminal 22 ... Voltage terminal 23 ... Intermediate terminal 24 ... Through hole 25 ... Current detection circuit 26 ... Amplifier 26A ... First amplifier
26B ... second amplifier 27 ... arithmetic unit 28 ... A / D converter 30 ... shunt resistor 31 ... current terminal 32 ... voltage terminal 32A ... voltage terminal
32B ... Voltage terminal 34 ... Through hole 35 ... Current detection circuit 36 ... Amplifier 37 ... Calculation unit 38 ... A / D converter 39 ... Changeover switch 39A ... First changeover switch
39B: First changeover switch 90 ... Shunt resistor 91 ... Current terminal 92 ... Voltage terminal

Claims (6)

一対の電流端子(11)、(21)と、この電流端子(11)、(21)間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する一対の電圧端子(12)、(22)とを有する金属板からなるシャント抵抗であって、
一対の電圧端子(12)、(22)の間に中間端子(13)、(23)を有することを特徴とするシャント抵抗。 A pair of current terminals (11), (21) and a pair of voltage terminals (12), (22) for detecting a voltage drop caused by a current passed between the current terminals (11), (21) A shunt resistor comprising a metal plate having
A shunt resistor having intermediate terminals (13) and (23) between a pair of voltage terminals (12) and (22). 一対の電圧端子(12)、(22)の中央に中間端子(13)、(23)が設けられて、中間端子(13)、(23)と両側の電圧端子(12)、(22)との間の電気抵抗を等しくしてなる請求項１に記載されるシャント抵抗。   An intermediate terminal (13), (23) is provided at the center of the pair of voltage terminals (12), (22), and the intermediate terminals (13), (23) and the voltage terminals (12), (22) on both sides The shunt resistor according to claim 1, wherein the electric resistance between the two is equal. 一対の電流端子(31)と、この電流端子(31)間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する電圧端子(32)とを有する金属板からなるシャント抵抗であって、
所定の幅の金属板の一方の側縁に一対の電圧端子(32A)を有すると共に、他方の側縁にも一対の電圧端子(32B)を有することを特徴とするシャント抵抗。 A shunt resistor made of a metal plate having a pair of current terminals (31) and a voltage terminal (32) for detecting a voltage drop generated by a current passed between the current terminals (31),
A shunt resistor having a pair of voltage terminals (32A) on one side edge of a metal plate of a predetermined width and a pair of voltage terminals (32B) on the other side edge. 所定の幅の金属板の両側の対向する位置に一対の電圧端子(32A)、(32B)を設けて、両側に設けている一対の電圧端子(32A)、(32B)間の電気抵抗を同じとしている請求項３に記載されるシャント抵抗。   A pair of voltage terminals (32A) and (32B) are provided at opposite positions on both sides of a metal plate of a predetermined width, and the electric resistance between the pair of voltage terminals (32A) and (32B) provided on both sides is the same. The shunt resistor according to claim 3. 車両を走行させるモータ(3)に電力を供給する電池(1)と、この電池(1)と直列に接続してなるシャント抵抗(10)、(20)と、このシャント抵抗(10)、(20)の両端に発生する電圧を検出して電池(1)の電流を検出する電流検出回路(15)、(25)とを備える車両用の電源装置であって、
前記シャント抵抗(10)、(20)が、電池(1)と車両側に接続される一対の電流端子(11)、(21)と、この電流端子(11)、(21)間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する一対の電圧端子(12)、(22)とを有する金属板からなり、さらに、一対の電圧端子(12)、(22)の間に中間端子(13)、(23)を設けており、
前記電流検出回路(15)、(25)が、中間端子(13)、(23)と電圧端子(12)、(22)との間に発生する電圧を検出して電池(1)の電流を検出するようにしてなることを特徴とする車両用の電源装置。 A battery (1) for supplying power to a motor (3) for running the vehicle, a shunt resistor (10), (20) connected in series with the battery (1), and a shunt resistor (10), ( 20) a power supply device for a vehicle comprising a current detection circuit (15) for detecting the voltage generated at both ends of the battery and detecting the current of the battery (1), (25),
The shunt resistors (10) and (20) are energized between a pair of current terminals (11) and (21) connected to the battery (1) and the vehicle side, and the current terminals (11) and (21). A metal plate having a pair of voltage terminals (12), (22) for detecting a voltage drop caused by a current, and further, an intermediate terminal (13) between the pair of voltage terminals (12), (22) , (23)
The current detection circuits (15) and (25) detect the voltage generated between the intermediate terminals (13) and (23) and the voltage terminals (12) and (22) to detect the current of the battery (1). A power supply device for a vehicle, wherein the power supply device is for detection. 車両を走行させるモータ(3)に電力を供給する電池(1)と、この電池(1)と直列に接続してなるシャント抵抗(30)と、このシャント抵抗(30)の両端に発生する電圧を検出して電池(1)の電流を検出する電流検出回路(35)とを備える車両用の電源装置であって、
シャント抵抗(30)が、電池(1)と車両側に接続される一対の電流端子(31)と、この電流端子(31)間に通電される電流によって発生する電圧降下を検出する電圧端子(32)とを有する所定の幅の金属板からなり、さらに金属板からなるシャント抵抗(30)が、金属板の一方の側縁に一対の電圧端子(32A)を有すると共に、他方の側縁にも一対の電圧端子(32B)を設けており、
前記電流検出回路(35)が、金属板の両側に設けている一対の電圧端子(32A)、(32B)の電圧を検出して電池(1)の電流を検出するようにしてなることを特徴とする車両用の電源装置。 A battery (1) that supplies power to the motor (3) that drives the vehicle, a shunt resistor (30) connected in series with the battery (1), and a voltage generated across the shunt resistor (30) A vehicle power supply device comprising a current detection circuit (35) for detecting the current of the battery (1) by detecting
A shunt resistor (30) has a pair of current terminals (31) connected to the battery (1) and the vehicle side, and a voltage terminal for detecting a voltage drop caused by a current passed between the current terminals (31) ( 32) and a shunt resistor (30) made of a metal plate having a pair of voltage terminals (32A) on one side edge of the metal plate and on the other side edge. Also has a pair of voltage terminals (32B)
The current detection circuit (35) is configured to detect a current of the battery (1) by detecting a voltage of a pair of voltage terminals (32A) and (32B) provided on both sides of the metal plate. A power supply device for vehicles.
JP2008048506A 2008-02-28 2008-02-28 Shunt resistor, and power supply device for vehicle equipped with the shunt resistor Pending JP2009204531A (en)

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