JP2009203820A - Control method of internal combustion engine and control system of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control method of an internal combustion engine capable of further surely avoiding the occurrence of abnormal combustion. <P>SOLUTION: In the control method of an internal combustion engine, in the internal combustion engine having an intake valve 21 and an exhaust valve 22, in an operation range in which rotation speed N<SB>ENG</SB>of the internal combustion engine is equal to or slower than a predetermined first speed N1, the exhaust valve 22 is closed under at least total load and the intake valve 21 is then opened after the top dead center, and in an operation range in which the rotation speed N<SB>ENG</SB>of the internal combustion engine is larger than the first speed N1, the intake valve 21 is opened before the exhaust valve 22 is closed under at least total load. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for controlling an intake valve and an exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for the purpose of improving the performance of exhaust gas, a method for controlling the opening / closing timing of an intake valve and an exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine according to operating conditions has been developed.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a control method for controlling the internal EGR gas amount in a cylinder to an appropriate value. In this method, in the middle load region, the exhaust valve closing timing is controlled from the top dead center to the advance side, and the intake valve opening timing is controlled from the top dead center to the retard side to control the exhaust valve and the intake valve. A period during which both valves are closed is provided. As a result, the amount of EGR gas in the combustion chamber is secured to improve the exhaust gas performance. On the other hand, in the above method, in the full load region, the exhaust valve closing timing is controlled to be retarded from the top dead center, and the intake valve opening timing is controlled to be advanced from the top dead center. The valve opening period and the intake valve opening period are overlapped. Thus, the internal EGR gas amount is suppressed and the intake efficiency in the high load region is maintained at a high value.
JP 2002-242709 A

  If the temperature in the cylinder increases during the compression stroke, self-ignition, that is, abnormal combustion may occur at an unexpected timing. In particular, the self-ignition is highly likely to occur under conditions where the rotational speed is low and the gas flow in the cylinder is small. On the other hand, in the conventional method, the intake efficiency is maintained at a high value in the low rotation full load region, and while the output is secured, the temperature in the cylinder rises due to the increase in the intake efficiency. There is a problem that ignition is likely to occur.

  In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a control method for an internal combustion engine that can more reliably avoid the occurrence of abnormal combustion.

  As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention includes a cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and forms a combustion chamber, an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes, An internal combustion engine having an intake valve that blocks inflow of air into the cylinder, an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes, and an exhaust valve that blocks outflow of exhaust from the cylinder to the exhaust passage In the engine control method, in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed, the intake valve is opened after top dead center after the exhaust valve is closed at least at the full load. On the other hand, in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed, the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed at least at the full load. A method (claim 1).

  According to this method, the fluidity of the gas in the cylinder can be increased in the low rotation range where self-ignition is likely to occur, the occurrence of self-ignition can be suppressed, and the output can be secured in the high rotation range. Can do. That is, in this method, the intake valve is opened after the exhaust valve is closed and after top dead center in the low rotation range where the rotation speed is equal to or lower than the first speed, and the pressure in the cylinder in a substantially sealed state is reduced. Since the intake valve is opened while the piston is lowered as the piston descends, the flow rate of air from the intake passage into the cylinder is maintained at a high value, and the fluidity of gas in the cylinder is enhanced. In particular, in this method, at least at the full load, the intake valve is opened after the exhaust valve is closed and after the top dead center, and in this full load region where the amount of air is large and the temperature during compression is likely to increase, The occurrence of self-ignition is surely suppressed. On the other hand, in the high rotation region where the gas fluidity is ensured, the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed, so that scavenging in the cylinder is enhanced and exhaust gas flows out of the cylinder. As a result, the in-cylinder pressure decreases and the intake air is more likely to flow in, so the amount of fresh air in the cylinder increases. And an output is ensured by combusting the fuel corresponding to it.

  The present invention also includes a cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and that forms a combustion chamber, an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes, and an inflow of air from the intake passage into the cylinder. An internal combustion engine control method comprising: an intake valve that shuts off; an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes; and an exhaust valve that shuts off the outflow of exhaust gas from the cylinder to the exhaust passage, In an operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed, the exhaust valve is closed after top dead center and then the intake valve is opened, while the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is the first speed. A control method for an internal combustion engine is provided in which the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed in an operating region where the speed is higher (Claim 2).

  According to this method, the fluidity of the gas in the cylinder can be increased in the low rotation range where self-ignition is likely to occur, the occurrence of self-ignition can be suppressed, and the output can be secured in the high rotation range. it can. That is, in the present method, the intake valve is opened after the exhaust valve is closed after top dead center in a low rotation region where the rotation speed is equal to or lower than the first speed, and the exhaust valve is configured to be the exhaust valve and the intake valve. Since the intake valve is opened while the pressure in the cylinder, which is substantially sealed by closing the valve, decreases as the piston descends, the intake passage from the intake passage to the cylinder The air flow rate is maintained at a high value, and the fluidity of the gas in the cylinder is enhanced. In particular, in this method, the exhaust valve is closed after top dead center, that is, in the middle of lowering of the piston, and the pressure in the cylinder becomes negative when the intake valve is opened. Increased without fail. Moreover, the pump loss due to the compression of the residual gas in the cylinder can be suppressed, and the engine efficiency is increased. On the other hand, in the high rotation region where gas fluidity is ensured, the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed, and the scavenging performance in the cylinder is enhanced, so that the amount of fresh air in the cylinder and thus the output is secured. The

  In the present invention, in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is greater than or equal to a second speed greater than the first speed, the exhaust valve and the intake valve are both increased as the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine increases. It is preferable to shorten the open period (claim 3).

  In this way, particularly in an operating region where the rotational speed is high, it is possible to suppress the remaining of the internal EGR and to secure the amount of fresh air in the cylinder and thus the output.

  In the present invention, in the operation region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than the first speed, the exhaust valve becomes smaller as the target air filling amount that is a target value of the air amount introduced into the cylinder becomes smaller. It is preferable to lengthen the period from when the intake valve is closed to when the intake valve is opened.

  The longer the period from when the exhaust valve is closed to when the intake valve is opened, the higher the air fluidity is because the intake valve is opened after the pressure in the cylinder is further lowered. Therefore, as in the present method, if the period is lengthened as the target air filling amount is small and the combustion becomes relatively unstable, the combustion can be stabilized more reliably for each target air filling amount.

In the present invention, reference air in which a target air filling amount, which is a target value of the amount of air introduced into the cylinder, is set in advance in an operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or higher than the first speed. In an operation region smaller than the amount, the intake valve may be opened after top dead center after the exhaust valve is closed (Claim 5).
Further, in the present invention, the opening timing of the intake valve in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or higher than the first speed is set, and the opening timing of the intake valve in the operating range where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than the first speed. The intake valve is controlled to be advanced from the opening timing of the intake valve, and the closing timing of the exhaust valve in the operation region in which the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or higher than the first speed is determined. A method for controlling the exhaust valve to be retarded from the closing timing of the exhaust valve in the operation region where the speed is equal to or lower than the first speed is mentioned. In this method, the exhaust valve is opened after top dead center after the exhaust valve is closed in the operating region where the speed is equal to or lower than the first speed, and the exhaust valve is operated in the operating region where the speed is higher than the first speed. The control of opening the intake valve before closing the valve can be realized while suppressing the amount of change in the closing timing of the intake valve and the opening timing of the exhaust valve, respectively.

  The present invention also includes a cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and that forms a combustion chamber, an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes, and an inflow of air from the intake passage into the cylinder. An internal combustion engine control system comprising: an intake valve that shuts off; an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes; and an exhaust valve that shuts off the outflow of exhaust gas from the cylinder to the exhaust passage, A valve drive mechanism that periodically opens and closes the intake valve and the exhaust valve; and a control unit that controls the valve drive mechanism. The control unit is configured to preset a rotation speed of the internal combustion engine. In the operating region where the speed is less than or equal to the first speed, the valve drive mechanism is controlled so that the intake valve opens after the exhaust valve is closed at least at the full load, while the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to the first speed. The control system of the internal combustion engine, which controls the valve drive mechanism so that the intake valve opens before the exhaust valve closes at least at the full load in the operating region where the speed is high, and the control means, In the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed, the exhaust valve closes after top dead center and the intake valve opens after the exhaust valve is closed. On the other hand, the valve drive mechanism is controlled so that the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed in an operation region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed. An internal combustion engine control system is included (claims 7 and 8).

  Here, in an internal combustion engine having a high compression ratio such that the cylinder has a geometric compression ratio of 13 or more, the temperature in the cylinder tends to increase due to compression, and there is a high possibility of self-ignition. Therefore, it is effective to apply such a control system for an internal combustion engine having a high compression ratio (claim 9).

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for controlling an internal combustion engine that can suppress self-ignition by increasing the fluidity of gas in a cylinder.

  A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows the overall structure of an engine system (control system for an internal combustion engine) to which the present invention is applied. This engine system includes an engine body (internal combustion engine) 1 and an engine controller (control means) 100 for controlling various actuators attached to the engine body 1.

  The engine body 1 is a four-cycle spark ignition type internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and its output shaft is coupled to drive wheels via a transmission to propel the vehicle. The engine body 1 includes a cylinder block 12 and a cylinder head 13 placed thereon. A plurality of cylinders 11 are formed inside the cylinder block 12 and the cylinder head 13. Although the number of these cylinders 11 is not specifically limited, For example, four cylinders 11 are formed. A crankshaft 14 is rotatably supported on the cylinder block 11 by a journal, a bearing or the like.

  Pistons 15 are slidably fitted in the cylinders 11, and combustion chambers 17 are defined above the pistons 15, respectively.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the engine body 1 is a ratio of the volume of the combustion chamber 17 when the piston 15 is located at the top dead center and the volume of the combustion chamber 17 when the piston 15 is located at the bottom dead center. The geometric compression ratio is set to approximately 14. Of course, the value of this geometric compression ratio is not limited to 14. For example, the geometric compression ratio is preferably higher from the viewpoint of improving the engine efficiency. However, if the geometric compression ratio is increased, the temperature in the cylinder becomes too high in the compression stroke, and the possibility of self-ignition occurring at an unexpected timing increases. Therefore, the geometric compression ratio of the engine body 1 is preferably 13 or more and 16 or less.

  The cylinder head 13 is formed with two intake ports 18 and two exhaust ports 19 communicating with each combustion chamber 17. The cylinder head 13 includes an intake valve (intake valve) 21 for shutting off each intake port 18 from the combustion chamber 17 and an exhaust valve for shutting off each exhaust port 19 from the combustion chamber 17. (Exhaust valve) 22 is provided. The intake valve 21 is driven by an intake valve drive mechanism (valve drive mechanism) 30 described later, thereby opening and closing each intake port 18 at a predetermined timing. On the other hand, the exhaust valve 22 is driven by an exhaust valve drive mechanism (valve drive mechanism) 40 described later, thereby opening and closing each exhaust port 19.

  The intake valve drive mechanism 30 and the exhaust valve drive mechanism 40 have an intake camshaft 31 and an exhaust camshaft 41, respectively. The intake camshaft 31 and the exhaust camshaft 41 are connected to the crankshaft 14 via a known power transmission mechanism such as a chain / sprocket mechanism. The power transmission mechanism is configured such that the camshafts 31 and 41 rotate once while the crankshaft 14 rotates twice.

  The intake valve drive mechanism 30 is provided with an intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32 between the power transmission mechanism and the intake camshaft 31. The intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32 is for changing the valve timing of the intake valve 21, and is arranged coaxially with the intake camshaft 31 and directly driven by the crankshaft 14 and the intake cam. The phase difference between the crankshaft 14 and the intake camshaft 31 is changed by changing the phase difference between the shaft 31 and the shaft 31.

The intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32 has, for example, a plurality of liquid chambers arranged in the circumferential direction between the driven shaft and the intake camshaft 31, and the pressure difference is provided between the liquid chambers. A hydraulic mechanism that changes the phase difference, or an electromagnetic mechanism that has an electromagnet provided between the driven shaft and the intake camshaft 31, and changes the phase difference by applying electric power to the electromagnet. Etc. The intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32 changes the phase difference based on the valve timing of the intake valve 21 calculated by the engine controller 100 described later. In the present embodiment, the intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32 changes the phase difference while keeping the valve opening period and lift amount of the intake valve, that is, the valve profile, constant. The opening timing (valve opening timing) IVO and the closing timing (valve closing timing) IVC are changed. The phase angle of the intake camshaft 31 is detected by the cam phase sensor 39, and the signal θ _{IVO_A} is transmitted to the engine control means 100.

  The exhaust valve drive mechanism 40 is also provided with an exhaust camshaft phase varying mechanism 42 between the power transmission mechanism and the exhaust camshaft 41. The exhaust camshaft phase varying mechanism 42 is for changing the valve timing of the exhaust valve 42, and its specific structure is the same as that of the intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32.

  The intake port 18 communicates with the surge tank 55 a via the intake manifold 55. A throttle body (throttle drive mechanism) 56 is provided in the intake passage upstream of the surge tank 55a. Inside the throttle body 56, a throttle valve 57 for adjusting the intake air flow rate from the outside toward the surge tank 55a is pivotally provided. The throttle valve 57 can change the intake flow rate by changing the opening area of the intake passage, that is, the flow passage area, and can change the pressure in the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve 57. The throttle valve 57 is driven by a throttle actuator 58. The throttle actuator 58 drives the throttle valve 57 so that the opening degree of the throttle valve 57 becomes a throttle opening degree TVO calculated by the engine controller 100 described later. Here, the intake passage in the claims includes all of the intake port 18, the intake manifold 55, and the surge tank 55a downstream of the throttle valve 57. In this embodiment, by adjusting the opening degree of the throttle valve 57 and the valve timings of the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22, the air filling amount CE filled in the cylinder 11 is controlled to an appropriate value. .

  The exhaust port 19 communicates with an exhaust pipe via an exhaust manifold 60. An exhaust gas purification system is disposed in the exhaust pipe. The specific configuration of the exhaust gas purification system is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include those having a catalytic converter 61 such as a three-way catalyst, a lean NOx catalyst, and an oxidation catalyst.

The intake manifold 47 and the exhaust manifold 60 communicate with each other through an EGR pipe 62, and a part of the exhaust gas is circulated to the intake side. The EGR pipe 62 is provided with an EGR valve 63 for adjusting the flow rate of EGR gas that circulates through the EGR pipe 62 to the intake side. The EGR valve 63 is driven by an EGR valve actuator 64. The EGR valve actuator 64 drives the EGR valve 63 so that the opening degree of the EGR valve 63 becomes an EGR opening degree EGR _open calculated by the engine controller 100 described later, and thereby the flow rate of the EGR gas is reduced. Adjust to an appropriate value.

  A spark plug 51 is attached to the cylinder head 13 so that the tip of the cylinder head 13 faces the combustion chamber 17. The spark plug 51 generates a spark in the combustion chamber 17 when energized by the ignition system 52 based on an ignition timing SA calculated by an engine controller 100 described later.

  In addition, a fuel injection valve 53 for directly injecting fuel into the combustion chamber 17 is attached to the cylinder head 13 so that the tip thereof faces the combustion chamber 17. More specifically, the tip of the fuel injection valve 53 is positioned below the two intake ports 18 in the vertical direction, and is positioned between the two intake ports 18 in the horizontal direction. Has been placed. The fuel injection valve 53 is energized only for a predetermined period based on a signal of a fuel injection amount FP calculated by an engine controller 100 described later by the fuel system 54 by a solenoid provided in the fuel injection valve 53. A predetermined amount of fuel is injected into the chamber 17.

  The engine controller 100 is a controller based on a well-known microcomputer, and performs input / output of various signals, a CPU for executing a program, a memory including a RAM and a ROM for storing the program and data, and the like. And an I / O bus.

The engine controller 100 includes an intake air amount AF detected by an air flow meter 71, an air pressure MAP in the intake manifold 55 detected by an intake pressure sensor 72, and a crank angle sensor 73 via the I / O bus. The crank angle pulse signal detected by the oxygen concentration sensor, the oxygen concentration EGO of the exhaust gas detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 74, the accelerator pedal depression amount α detected by the accelerator opening sensor 75, and the vehicle speed sensor 76 Various information such as the vehicle speed VSP is input. Then, the engine controller 100 determines that the amount of air introduced into the cylinder 11, that is, the amount of air filled in the cylinder 11, the ignition timing, and the like becomes an appropriate value according to the operating conditions based on the input information. Next, command values for various actuators are calculated. For example, command values such as the throttle opening TVO, the fuel injection amount FP, the ignition timing SA, the intake valve timing, the exhaust valve timing, the EGR opening EGR _open, etc. are calculated, and these are calculated as the throttle actuator 58, fuel system 54, ignition This is output to the system 52, the intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32, the exhaust camshaft phase varying mechanism 42, the EGR valve actuator 64, and the like.

  A specific calculation procedure in the engine controller 100 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, various signals such as the accelerator pedal depression amount α are read (step S1).

Next, a target torque TQ _D is calculated based on the accelerator pedal depression amount α, the engine body speed N _ENG calculated from the crank angle pulse signal, and the vehicle speed CSP (step S2). Based on the calculated target torque TQ _D and the rotational speed N _ENG , the fuel injection amount FP, the target air filling amount (target value of the air filling amount CE in the cylinder 11) CE _D and the ignition timing SA are calculated (step S3). .

Then, based on the target air filling amount CE _D and the rotational speed N _ENG calculated in step S3, a target value θ _{IVO_D} of the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is calculated (step S4). Further, a target value θ _{EVC_D} of the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is calculated based on the calculated target air filling amount CE _D and the rotational speed N _ENG (step S5). Furthermore, based on the rotational speed _{N ENG} and the calculated target air charge amount CE _D, it calculates a target throttle opening TVO _D is a target value of the opening degree TVO of the throttle valve 57 (step S6). The target value theta _{IVO_D} the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21, the target value theta _{EVC_D} the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22, and the target details about the method of calculating the throttle opening TVO _D will be described later.

Thereafter, the calculated fuel injection amount FP, ignition timing SA, intake valve 21 opening timing IVO target value θ _{IVO_D} , exhaust valve 22 closing timing EVC target value θ _{EVC_D} , throttle valve 57 opening TVO target value based on TVO _D, these target values to drive the actuators as satisfied (step S7). Specifically, the signal θ _{IVO_D} is output to the intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32. The intake camshaft phase varying mechanism 32 operates so that the phase of the intake camshaft 31 with respect to the crankshaft 14 has a value corresponding to θ _{IVO_D} . The signal θ _{EVC_D} is output to the exhaust camshaft phase varying mechanism 42. Then, the exhaust camshaft phase varying mechanism 42 operates so that the phase of the exhaust camshaft 41 with respect to the crankshaft 14 has a value corresponding to θ _{EVC_D} . Signal TVO _D is outputted to the throttle actuator 58. Then, as the opening degree TVO of the throttle valve 57 becomes a value corresponding to the TVO _D, the throttle actuator 58 is operated. The signal FP is output to the fuel system 54. An amount of fuel corresponding to FP per cylinder cycle is injected from the fuel injection valve 53. Then, the signal SA is output to the ignition system 52. At a time corresponding to SA in the cylinder cycle, the spark plug 51 ignites, and the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 17 is ignited. As a result, a target torque mainly determined from the depression amount α of the accelerator pedal is generated from the engine body 1 by igniting and burning the required amount of air / fuel mixture at an appropriate time. Is done.

Then, the target value theta _{IVO_D} the opening timing IVO of the said intake valves 21, calculation of the target throttle opening TVO _D is a target value of the target value theta _{EVC_D} and the throttle opening TVO of the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 That is, a specific control method for the intake valve 21, the exhaust valve 22, and the throttle valve 57 will be described. In the following description, the numerical values representing the timing and period of the opening and closing timing of the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 are based on the crank angle, BTDC means before top dead center, and ATDC is the upper limit. It means after dead point.

The engine rotational speed N _ENG is a low rotational speed region where the first rotational speed (first speed) N1 or less, and a high rotational speed region where the engine rotational speed is higher than the first rotational speed N1, and the target air charge amount CE _D is the first. In a region (region A in FIG. 3) smaller than one reference air amount CE _{D —} base1 (reference air amount in claim 5), the exhaust valve 22 is closed after top dead center, and the intake valve 21 is closed after the exhaust valve 22 is closed. Is controlled to open. That is, in this region A, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is controlled after top dead center, and the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is controlled by the exhaust valve 22. The closing timing EVC of the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 is controlled so that there is no overlap in the valve opening period. Hereinafter, such a state in which there is no overlap in the valve opening period is referred to as a negative overlap state, and a period from the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 to the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 in this negative overlap state is negatively overlapped. This is called a lap period.

  In the negative overlap state, the cylinder 11 is substantially sealed. When the piston 15 descends in this substantially sealed state, the pressure in the cylinder 11 decreases as the volume of the cylinder 11 increases, and when the negative overlap ends, that is, when the intake valve 21 opens. The pressure in the cylinder 11 is sufficiently reduced. As a result, when the intake valve 21 is opened, air flows from the intake passage into the cylinder 11 at a high flow rate due to the differential pressure between the cylinder 11 and the intake passage. As described above, when the negative overlap is provided, the flow rate of the gas into the cylinder 11 is increased, and the fluidity of the gas in the cylinder 11 is maintained at a high level.

  Further, the exhaust valve 22 is closed after top dead center, that is, while the piston is being lowered. Therefore, the pressure in the cylinder 11 when the intake valve 21 is opened easily becomes a negative pressure, and the fluidity of the gas is more reliably increased.

In this way, the area A, i.e., the engine speed N _ENG is the engine speed N _ENG to be prone regions and low flowability of gas in the cylinder 11 low high but stable smaller combustion air charge CE _D In the region where it is difficult to perform, the negative overlap increases the gas fluidity, thereby suppressing the occurrence of self-ignition and improving the combustion stability. Further, the exhaust valve 22 is closed after the top dead center, so that it is possible to avoid reduction of pump loss due to compression of residual gas, that is, deterioration of engine efficiency. The first rotation speed N1 may be set to about 1000 rpm, for example.

  A more detailed control method in the area A will be described.

The target air charge amount CE _D and the second reference air amount _CE D _{_base2} smaller areas (regions such as FIG. 4 A1) of the region A, the opening timing IVO and closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 of the intake valve 21 Are controlled to be constant at values at which the negative overlap occurs regardless of the operating conditions (see FIGS. 4 and 5). For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is controlled around ATDC 5 ° C., the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is controlled around ATDC 35 ° C., and the negative overlap is about It is controlled at 30 ° C. Here, FIG. 4 is a drawing showing an example of the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 with respect to the engine speed N _ENG and the target air charge amount CE _D of the engine, angle the more the opening timing IVO go ahead arrow progresses It shows that FIG. 5 shows an example of the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 with respect to the engine speed N _ENG and the target air charge amount CE _D, and the closing timing EVC is retarded as the tip of the arrow is reached. It is shown that. Further, the control value of the closing timing IVC of the intake valve 21 is not particularly limited. For example, if the control is performed at a timing near the ABDC 100 ° C. and the air in the cylinder 11 blows back to the intake passage side, it can be suppressed to be sufficiently small to fit the air charge amount CE in the cylinder 11 to the target air charge amount CE _D.

Then, in the area A1, as shown in FIG. 6, the with an increase in the target air charge amount CE _D throttle opening TVO opening side, i.e., by being controlled to the side opening area of the intake passage is increased The air filling amount CE in the cylinder 11 is appropriately controlled. Figure 6 is a drawing showing an example of a throttle opening TVO for the engine speed N _ENG and the target air charge amount CE _D engine, the throttle opening TVO toward the tip of the arrow is controlled to the open side Is shown. However, as described later, the target air charge amount CE _D is the second reference air amount _CE D _{_base2} larger area (area in FIG. 6 C), throttle opening TVO is constant for each revolution speed _{N ENG} of the engine The line indicated by the double-ended arrow in the region C of FIG. 6 indicates that the throttle opening TVO is constant.

Among the region A, the rotational speed _{N ENG} of the engine is less than the first rotational speed N1, and the target air charge amount CE _D is a region such as the second reference air amount _CE D _{_base2} larger area (FIG. 4 A2 in), the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 while being controlled to be constant, the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is controlled to the advance side with an increase in the target air charge amount CE _D. The opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is advanced, for example, from the vicinity of ATDC 35 ° C. in the region A 1 to the vicinity of ATDC 15 ° C. as shown in FIG. Thus, in this area A2, with an increase in the target air charge amount CE _D, the negative overlap period is controlled shortened by opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is advanced. In other words, in the region A2, and retard the opening timing IVO of intake with decreasing target air charge amount CE _D bulb 21, the negative overlap period is controlled longer. That is, the target air charge amount CE _D is small, the more unstable and more burning, flowability of gas in the cylinder 11 are controlled to be secured more reliably enhanced combustion stability of the entire engine system It is done.

In the area A, the engine speed N _ENG is larger than the first speed N1 and the target air charge amount CE _D is larger than the second reference air amount CE _{D —} base2 (region A3 in FIG. 4 and the like). in), with an increase in the target air charge amount CE _D, together with the closing timing EVC are retarded in the exhaust valve 22, opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is controlled to the advance side. Then, the opening timing IVO of the target air charge amount CE _D intake closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 with the condition that the second reference air amount _CE D _{_base2} valve 21 matches, a negative overlap 0 Be controlled.

On the other hand, the engine speed N _ENG is a high speed area where the engine speed N1 is equal to or higher than the first speed N1, and the target air charge amount CE _D is larger than the reference target air charge amount CE _D _base1 (area B in FIG. 3). Then, control is performed so that overlap occurs during the valve opening period of the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22. In other words, the intake valve 21 is controlled to open at the same time as or earlier than the closing timing of the exhaust valve 22. In this region B, the engine speed N _ENG and the air charge amount CE are sufficiently high, so that combustion is stable and the possibility of self-ignition is low. Therefore, in this region, the amount of air in the cylinder 11 and thus the output of the engine body 1 is ensured by providing the overlap.

  A more detailed control method in this region B will be described.

In the region B, in a region where the engine speed N _ENG is lower than the second speed N2 (region B1 in FIG. 4 and the like), the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is increased as the target air charge amount CE _D increases. Is controlled to the retard side, and the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is controlled to the advance side, so that the exhaust valve 22 and the intake valve 21 further overlap. As the engine speed N _ENG increases, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is controlled to the retard side, and the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is controlled to the advance side. 22 and the intake valve 21 overlap more. For example, at the full load where the engine speed N _ENG becomes the second speed N2, as shown in FIG. 7C, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is controlled to ATDC 25 ° C., and the intake valve 21 open timing IVO is controlled to BTDC 30 ° C., and the overlap period is controlled to 55 ° C. A, which is the maximum among all operating conditions. The second rotation speed N2 may be set to about 2000 rpm, for example.

In the region B1 In this way, the overlap period with the increase of the increase and the target air charge amount CE _D of the rotational speed N _ENG of the engine that is increased, the cylinder 11 is improved scavenging of the cylinder 11 Air introduction into the is ensured. As a result, the output of the engine body 1 is ensured. Further, since the scavenging performance is improved, the residual gas in the cylinder 11 is suppressed to be small, so that the occurrence of knocking due to an increase in the high-temperature residual gas, that is, the internal EGR gas is suppressed.

Here, when the overlap period is provided, it is possible to obtain the effect of improving the scavenging performance in the cylinder 11 and thus reducing the amount of internal EGR gas as described above. As a result of the inflow, the internal EGR gas amount in the cylinder 11 may not be suppressed to a certain level. Therefore, in the region B, where the engine speed N _ENG is higher than the second speed N2 (region B2 in FIG. 4 and the like), the overlap period decreases as the engine speed N _ENG increases. By doing so, the amount of internal EGR gas is reduced. That is, the exhaust gas 22 is closed and the intake valve 21 is opened after exhaust is sufficiently completed, so that the residual gas amount in the cylinder 11 is reduced. Specifically, in this region B2, as the engine speed N _ENG increases, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is controlled to the advance side, and the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is retarded. As a result, the overlap period of the exhaust valve 22 and the intake valve 21 is reduced. For example, at the full load at which the engine speed N _ENG is substantially maximum, as shown in FIG. 7D, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22 is controlled around ATDC 10 ° C., and the intake valve 21 is opened. The timing IVO is controlled near ATDC 10 ° C., and the overlap period is controlled to be almost zero.

  In this way, in the region B2, which is a high rotation and high load region, the overlap period is reduced, so that the internal EGR gas in the cylinder 11 is suppressed and sufficient fresh air is secured in the cylinder 11. As a result, the output of the engine body 1 is ensured.

Here, in all regions except the region A1 (the region A2, A3, B1, B2), the opening timing IVO of the intake valve 21 is advanced with an increase in the target air charge amount CE _D. As described above, the valve opening period of the intake valve 21 is kept constant, and when the opening timing IVO advances, the closing timing IVC of the intake valve 21 also advances. When the closing timing IVC of the intake valve 21 is advanced, the amount of air blown back into the intake passage is reduced, and the air filling amount CE in the cylinder 11 is increased. In this manner, in the regions other than the region 1, the opening / closing timings IVO and IVC of the intake valve 21 are controlled to advance, so that the cylinder opening can be maintained with the throttle opening TVO kept constant and the pump loss suppressed. The air filling amount CE in 11 is properly maintained.

  By the control as described above, in the engine body 1, the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 are controlled to be in a negative overlap state in a low rotation region and a low load, that is, a low target air filling amount region. This improves the fluidity of the gas, suppresses self-ignition more reliably, and stabilizes combustion. Further, the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 are controlled to be overlapped in a high rotation region and a high load, so that the air filling amount CE of the cylinder 11 is ensured and the engine output is ensured.

  Here, the control of the region B2 may be the same as the control of the region B1. That is, in an engine in which the scavenging improvement effect due to the overlap of the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 is greater than the influence of the internal EGR due to the overlap, the overlap increases as the rotational speed increases. You may make it ensure the amount of fresh air.

The region where the negative overlap between the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 is provided may be only the region where the engine speed is N1 or less. However, since prone to unstable combustion in the operating region the target air charge amount CE _D is small regardless of the rotational speed, is provided with the negative overlap operation range target air charge amount CE _D is small in all rotational speed Therefore, combustion stability can be improved and it is effective.

  Further, the detailed structure of various actuators is not limited to the above.

  The specific values of the closing timing IVO of the intake valve 21, the closing timing EVC of the exhaust valve 22, the first rotation speed N1, the second rotation speed N2, and the like are not limited to the above.

1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an engine system to which an internal combustion engine intake valve control method according to the present invention is applied. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the control procedure of the control method which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the control area | region of an intake valve and an exhaust valve. It is a figure which shows the opening timing of the intake valve with respect to rotation speed and target air filling amount. It is a figure which shows the closing timing of an exhaust valve with respect to rotation speed and target air filling amount. It is a figure which shows the opening degree of the throttle valve with respect to rotation speed and target air filling amount. (A) It is a figure which shows the valve timing in a low load area | region. (B) It is a figure which shows the valve timing in a low rotation area | region. (C) It is a figure which shows the valve timing in the high load middle rotation area | region. (D) It is a figure which shows the valve timing in a high load high rotation area | region.

Explanation of symbols

1 Engine body 11 Cylinder
14 Crankshaft 17 Combustion chamber 21 Intake valve (intake valve)
22 Exhaust valve (intake valve)
30 Intake valve drive mechanism (valve drive mechanism)
40 Exhaust valve drive mechanism (valve drive mechanism)
100 Engine controller (control means)

Claims (9)

A cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and that forms a combustion chamber; an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes; and an intake valve that blocks inflow of air from the intake passage into the cylinder; A control method for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes, and an exhaust valve for blocking outflow of exhaust from the cylinder to the exhaust passage,
In an operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed, at least at the full load, the intake valve is opened after top dead center after the exhaust valve is closed, while the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is A control method for an internal combustion engine, wherein the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed at least at a full load in an operating region where the speed is higher than the first speed. A cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and that forms a combustion chamber; an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes; and an intake valve that blocks inflow of air from the intake passage into the cylinder; A control method for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes, and an exhaust valve for blocking outflow of exhaust from the cylinder to the exhaust passage,
In an operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed, the exhaust valve is closed after top dead center and then the intake valve is opened, while the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is the first speed. A control method for an internal combustion engine, wherein the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed in an operating region where the speed is higher. A control method for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2,
In an operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is greater than or equal to a second speed greater than the first speed, the period during which both the exhaust valve and the intake valve are open decreases as the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine increases. A control method for an internal combustion engine. A control method for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
In the operation region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than the first speed, the intake valve is closed after the exhaust valve is closed as the target air filling amount, which is the target value of the air amount introduced into the cylinder, decreases. A control method for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the period until the engine opens is extended. A control method for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
In the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed, a target air filling amount that is a target value of the air amount introduced into the cylinder is smaller than a preset reference air amount. In the operating region, the control method for an internal combustion engine, wherein the intake valve is opened after top dead center after the exhaust valve is closed. A control method for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The opening timing of the intake valve in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed is shown, and the opening timing of the intake valve in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than the first speed. The valve timing is controlled to an advance side, the closing timing of the exhaust valve in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed, and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is the first speed. A control method for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that control is performed on the retard side with respect to the closing timing of the exhaust valve in an operating region where the speed is lower than or equal to speed. A cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and that forms a combustion chamber; an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes; and an intake valve that blocks inflow of air from the intake passage into the cylinder; A control system for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes, and an exhaust valve for blocking outflow of exhaust from the cylinder to the exhaust passage,
A valve drive mechanism for periodically opening and closing the intake valve and the exhaust valve;
Control means for controlling the valve drive mechanism,
The control means controls the valve drive mechanism so that the intake valve is opened after the exhaust valve is closed at least at a full load in an operation region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed. On the other hand, in the operating region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed, the valve drive mechanism is controlled so that the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed at least at the full load. An internal combustion engine control system. A cylinder that houses a reciprocating piston and that forms a combustion chamber; an intake passage through which air introduced into the cylinder passes; and an intake valve that blocks inflow of air from the intake passage into the cylinder; A control system for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust passage through which exhaust exhausted from the cylinder passes, and an exhaust valve for blocking outflow of exhaust from the cylinder to the exhaust passage,
A valve drive mechanism for periodically opening and closing the intake valve and the exhaust valve;
Control means for controlling the valve drive mechanism,
The control means is configured to close the exhaust valve after top dead center and open the intake valve after the exhaust valve is closed in an operation region in which the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a preset first speed. While controlling the valve drive mechanism, the valve drive mechanism is controlled so that the intake valve is opened before the exhaust valve is closed in an operation region where the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is higher than the first speed. A control system for an internal combustion engine. An internal combustion engine control system according to claim 7 or 8,
A control system for an internal combustion engine, wherein a cylinder has a geometric compression ratio of 13 or more.

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