JP2009201471A - Fertilizer distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fertilizer distributor having a shutter structure hardly causing inconvenience such as leak of fertilizer and increase of slide resistance of a shutter plate, not increasing a production cost by a simple structure and not increasing a maintenance cost by facilitating replacement of parts. <P>SOLUTION: The fertilizer distributor regulating the distribution rate by the opening area of an opened hole formed by the overlapped part of a discharging opening 231 of the bottom plate of a hopper and a hole of the shutter plate 22 has a rubber sponge plate 26 and a fluororesin plate 27 held by the bottom plate 23 of the hopper and the shutter plate 22 so as to be sandwiched so that the fluororesin plate 27 may function as a sliding face with the shutter plate 22 or the bottom plate 23 of the hopper. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fertilizer spreader that spreads soil improvers, chemical fertilizers, and the like on a field, and particularly to a shutter structure of a fertilizer spreader that drops fertilizer from a bottom of a hopper that stores fertilizer and the like and sprays the fertilizer.

In the shutter structure of a conventional fertilizer spreader, the bottom plate of the hopper and the shutter plate are in direct contact and slide. For this reason, when the shutter plate is slid, fertilizer enters and accumulates between the bottom plate and the shutter plate, which increases the sliding resistance of the shutter plate and makes it difficult to open and close. In addition, since they are in direct contact with each other, gaps may be generated and the fertilizer may leak if the accuracy of the shapes is poor. As a prior art for solving this kind of problem, “Shutter in a powder particle spreader” disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. S59-9713 (Prior Art 1) or “A Shutter in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 02-116916 (Prior Art 2)”. Agricultural spreader shutters "are known.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 59-9713 (prior art 1) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 02-116916 (prior art 2)

  The structure of the “shutter in the granular material spreader” of the prior art 1 is to prevent the invasion of fertilizer and reduce the slide resistance by installing a brush on one of the opposing surfaces of the bottom plate of the hopper and the shutter plate. It is what. However, since the brush implanted on the slide surface is worn over a long period of time, there is a problem that the slide resistance gradually increases. In addition, since planting cannot be performed without specialized equipment, it is necessary to replace each planted part, which increases the maintenance cost.

  In addition, the structure of “Shutter of agricultural spreader” in the prior art 2 is configured by providing a shutter plate at each of the outlets at the bottom of the hopper and urging upwards by a shutter spring and a shutter guide. The structure is complicated and the manufacturing cost increases, and the shutter plates are independently supported by the shutter springs, so that variations in the opening amounts of the discharge ports are likely to occur.

  For this reason, the object of the present invention is not to cause inconvenience that the fertilizer leaks and the sliding resistance of the shutter plate increases, the manufacturing cost does not increase with a simple structure, the parts can be easily replaced, and the maintenance cost does not increase. An object is to provide a fertilizer spreader of structure.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a discharge port is provided in a bottom plate of a hopper that stores fertilizer, and a shutter plate having a hole for opening and closing the discharge port is provided slidably with respect to the bottom plate of the hopper, and the bottom plate of the hopper In a fertilizer spreader that adjusts the amount of spraying by the opening amount of the opening hole formed at the overlap portion of the discharge port and the hole of the shutter plate, a rubber sponge plate and a fluororesin plate are sandwiched between the bottom plate of the hopper and the shutter plate. A fertilizer spreader characterized in that it is sandwiched and provided so that the fluororesin plate functions as a sliding surface with the shutter plate or the bottom plate of the hopper is proposed.

  A rubber sponge plate and a fluororesin plate are sandwiched between the bottom plate of the hopper and the shutter plate, and the fluororesin plate is provided so as to function as a sliding surface with the shutter plate or the bottom plate of the hopper. Flexibility is added to the pressing force of the shutter plate against the hopper bottom plate due to the elasticity of the slide, and slide resistance is reduced and stabilized, and even if fertilizer enters between the bottom plate and the shutter plate, it is absorbed by the flexibility of the rubber sponge plate and slides Resistance does not increase. Further, gap absorption is performed when the shape accuracy between the hopper bottom plate and the shutter plate is poor, and problems such as fertilizer leakage due to gap generation are eliminated.

  Furthermore, since the fluororesin plate is excellent in low friction property, the sliding resistance of the shutter plate is further reduced, and the rubber sponge plate does not directly become a sliding surface, so that the durability of the rubber sponge can be maintained. Furthermore, at the time of maintenance, only the rubber sponge plate portion can be replaced on site, and the maintenance cost can be kept low.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view of a fertilizer spreader embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the same, FIG. 3 is a side view of a partial section, FIG. 4 is a side view of a main part of a bottom plate section of a hopper, FIG. Is a bottom view showing the operating link mechanism of the shutter plate, FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the shutter plate portion, FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of a fertilizer spreader of another embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the shutter plate part of a fertilizer spreader according to another embodiment.

  The fertilizer spreader shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 includes a pair of left and right lower link pins 11 at the front lower part of the frame 1 and a top bracket 12 at the front upper part of the frame 1, and is a tractor three-point link mechanism which is a traveling vehicle (not shown). The lower link pin 11 and the top bracket 12 are attached. 2 is a hopper for storing fertilizer to be sprayed, and the upper surface is opened. On this upper surface, an opening / closing lid 3 is provided so as to be opened and closed freely by a butterfly van 31 provided at an end on the front side of the opening / closing lid. The lid 3 is opened upward and inserted through the opening.

  At the bottom of the hopper 2, there is an agitator 21 that has a rotating shaft in the left and right longitudinal direction and stirs and feeds the fertilizer and is driven by the power of the tractor. Although not shown in the figure, the power is input by being connected to a tractor PTO shaft and an input shaft 13 projecting forward and downward from the hopper 2 by a universal joint. The input power is decelerated by a reduction gear provided with the input shaft 13 and transmitted to the agitator 21 in a direction orthogonal to the input shaft 13 to rotate the agitator 21.

  The bottom plate 23 surface of the wide hopper 2 is provided with a number of bottom plate discharge ports 231 in the left-right longitudinal direction for discharging fertilizer, and a shutter plate 22 having a plurality of holes 221 for opening and closing the discharge ports 231. Is provided in contact with the bottom plate and is slidable in the left-right direction, which is the direction in which the discharge ports 231 are arranged, and an opening hole formed at the overlapping portion of the bottom plate discharge port 231 of the hopper and the hole 221 of the shutter plate 22. Adjust the spraying amount according to the amount of opening and drop it.

  The shutter plate 22 can be slid by operating the operation lever 4 provided in front of the hopper 2. When the operation lever 4 is rotated in the front-rear direction using the lever rotation fulcrum 44 provided in the lower front of the hopper 2 as a fulcrum. The shutter lot 43 connected to the other lower end of the operation lever 4 operates in the front-rear direction, and the shutter plate 22 is slid in the longitudinal direction of the hopper 2 via the shutter arm 42 connected to the other end and rotated in the horizontal direction. Let

  With the shutter opening scale displayed on the lever guide 41 as a target, when the operation lever 4 is rotated back and forth to the desired position, the shutter plate 22 opens in proportion to the opening scale and a predetermined amount of fertilizer falls. Be sprayed.

  A rubber sponge plate 26 and a fluororesin plate 27 are sandwiched between the bottom plate 23 and the shutter plate 22 of the hopper 2, and an outlet 231 of the bottom plate 23 penetrates the rubber sponge plate 26 and the fluororesin plate 27. The rubber sponge plate 26 is bonded to the bottom plate 23, and the fluororesin plate 27 is bonded to the rubber sponge plate 26. The shutter plate 22 is in contact with and slides on the fluororesin plate 27. Since the fluororesin is excellent in low friction, the slide resistance can be further reduced.

  The front and rear end portions of the shutter plate 22 are bent outward from the bottom plate 23 and supported from below by a shutter holding bracket 24 attached to the hopper 2 bottom plate 23, and between the shutter plate 22 and the shutter holding bracket 24. The guide rail 25 made of a synthetic resin material is fixedly provided on the shutter holding bracket 24.

  The contact portion of the guide rail 25 with the shutter plate 22 is a circular surface 251 having a circular cross section perpendicular to the sliding direction of the shutter plate 22, and this circular surface 251 is the bent surface of the end and the main body. The shutter plate 22 is slidably held in the left-right direction. Since the contact portion is linear, the slide resistance can be minimized.

  The shutter plate 22 of the fertilizer spreader of the present embodiment is divided into two in the left-right direction of the hopper 2, and can be opened and closed simultaneously at the left and right, and only one of the left and right can be opened and closed. By being configured in this way, it is possible to spread over the entire width of the hopper 2 and to spread only on either the left or right side.

  The operation lever 4 for operating the shutter plate 22 is provided with two right operation levers 401 and two left operation levers 402 on the left and right sides. When the grip portions 46 at the respective tips are operated simultaneously, the right shutter plate 223 and the left shutter plate are operated. 224 operate simultaneously. When only either the right operation lever 401 or the left operation lever 402 is operated, only the operated shutter plate is operated.

  The case where the right shutter plate 223 is actuated will be described. When the right operation lever 401 is pulled forward and rotated around the lever rotation fulcrum 44, the lower end portion of the right operation lever 401 is lower than the lever rotation fulcrum 44. The shutter rod 43 is pivoted rearward, and one end of the shutter rod 43 is pivotally connected to the distal end portion. The other end of the shutter rod 43 is rotatably connected to one end of a right shutter arm 421 that rotates in a horizontal direction around a right shutter arm rotation shaft 423 that is a vertical rotation shaft fixed to the frame 1. The right shutter arm 421 is rotated in the horizontal direction. The other end of the right shutter arm 421 via the right shutter arm rotation shaft 423 is provided with a U-shaped notch that engages with a round bar-shaped shutter pin 222 fixed to the right shutter plate 223 in the vertical direction. Yes, the right shutter plate 223 is moved in the right direction. By this operation, the degree of polymerization of the hole 221 of the right shutter plate 223 and the discharge port 231 of the bottom plate 23 is changed, and the falling area of the opening is changed to adjust the spray amount.

  The case where the left shutter plate 224 is actuated will be described. When the left operation lever 402 is pulled forward and rotated around the lever rotation fulcrum 44, the front end portion below the lever rotation fulcrum 44 of the left operation lever 402 is moved. The shutter rod 43 is rotated rearward, and the shutter rod 43 having one end rotatably connected to the tip is moved rearward. The other end of the shutter rod 43 is rotatably connected to one end of a left shutter arm 422 that rotates horizontally around a left shutter arm rotation shaft 424 that is a vertical rotation shaft fixed to the frame 1. The left shutter arm 422 is rotated in the horizontal direction. The other end of the left shutter arm 422 via the left shutter arm rotation shaft 424 is provided with a U-shaped notch that engages with a round bar-shaped shutter pin 222 fixed to the left shutter plate 224 in the vertical direction. Yes, the left shutter plate 224 is moved in the right direction. By this operation, the degree of polymerization of the hole 221 of the left shutter plate 224 and the discharge port 231 of the bottom plate 23 is changed, and the falling area of the opening is changed to adjust the spray amount.

  The shutter pin 222 side of the right shutter arm 421 and the left shutter arm 422 is detachably connected by a connecting lot 45, and is attached when the shutter plate is operated simultaneously on the left and right, and is detached and used when operated on the left and right respectively. To do.

  In this embodiment, the rubber sponge plate 26 is bonded to the bottom plate 23. However, the same effect can be obtained by bonding the rubber sponge plate 26 to the shutter plate 22 and bringing the fluororesin plate 27 into contact with the bottom plate.

  7 to 9 show a fertilizer spreader according to another embodiment. Reference numeral 5 denotes a frame, which is provided with a lower link pin 11 and a top bracket 12 at the front part, and is configured to be attached to a tractor three-point link mechanism (not shown).

  6 is an inverted conical shape that opens upward and narrows downward so that fertilizer can be introduced from above, and is detachably fixed to the upper part of the frame 5. When the handles 50 provided on the left and right of the hopper 6 are loosened. The hopper 6 can be removed, which is convenient for maintenance and storage.

  A shutter portion 7 for adjusting the amount of fertilizer falling is provided at the bottom of the hopper 6. When the shutter lever 70 is operated, the shutter plate 71 connected by the rod 701 rotates to adjust the amount of fertilizer falling. . The fallen fertilizer is sprayed by the spraying unit 8.

  An input shaft 51 is connected to the tractor PTO shaft by a universal joint (not shown), and rotational power is transmitted from the tractor. The rotational power transmitted from the input shaft 51 rotates the flywheel 52 and swings the yoke shaft 53 provided in the vertical direction at the center of the hopper 6.

  The yoke shaft 53 has a swing center line orthogonal to the extension of the input shaft center line, and the yoke boss 54 fixed to the yoke shaft 53 and the rotation center line are offset to the outer peripheral portion of the rotation center of the flywheel 52, The fork arm 55 provided so that its center line passes through the intersection of the input shaft center line and the yoke shaft 53 is connected to the flywheel 52, and the yoke boss 54 side of the fork arm 55 is formed in a bifurcated manner. 54 is sandwiched in the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the flywheel 52 is rotated, the flywheel 52 side of the fork arm 55 rotates together with the flywheel 52 and the yoke shaft 53 side swings.

  When the yoke shaft 53 swings, the sub hopper 56 that receives the fallen fertilizer, the spray tube 80 and the agitator 81 are fixed to the yoke shaft 53 and swings, and the fertilizer is poured from the spray plate 801 at the tip of the spray tube 80. Take out and spray. A method of spreading the fertilizer by swinging the spreading part in this manner is known and does not fall within the scope of the present invention. In addition, a spreading blade is provided on a disk in which the spreading part rotates in the horizontal direction. The gist of the present invention does not change even in the case of a fertilizer spreader that drops fertilizer and diffuses it by centrifugal force.

  8 and 9, the configuration of the shutter unit 7 will be described. An agitator 81 for scraping fertilizer is provided at the bottom of the hopper 6, and a bottom plate 72 provided with a bottom plate dropping port 72 as a dropping port below is fixed to the frame 5 and attached thereto. A shutter plate 71 provided with a shutter drop port 711 as a drop port below the bottom plate 72 is supported by a bush 73 that forms a rotation center portion on the back side of the bottom plate 72 so that the shutter plate 71 rotates coaxially with the yoke shaft 53. Has been. The shutter plate 71 is rotated to polymerize the bottom plate dropping port 721 and the shutter dropping port 711, and the amount of fertilizer dropped is adjusted by the polymerization degree. A rubber sponge plate 260 and a fluororesin plate 270 are sandwiched between the bottom plate 72 and the shutter plate 71. The rubber sponge plate 260 is bonded to the shutter plate 71, and the fluororesin plate 270 is bonded to the rubber sponge plate 260. The bottom plate 72 is in contact with the fluororesin plate 270 and slides. The shutter drop port 711 of the shutter plate 71 is provided through the rubber sponge plate 260 and the fluororesin plate 270. Since the fluororesin is excellent in low friction, the slide resistance can be further reduced. Further, since the rubber sponge plate 260 is elastic, even if fertilizer or the like enters the clamping portion to some extent, the rotation resistance that the shutter plate 71 rotates does not increase.

  The shutter structure of the fertilizer spreader according to the present invention is a fertilizer in which a dropping port is provided in a bottom plate portion of a hopper for storing fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer and the like is adjusted according to the degree of polymerization of the dropping port of the shutter plate that contacts and slides It is good to use for the spreader.

The front view of the fertilizer spreader which implemented this invention. The side view which implemented this invention. FIG. The principal part side view which cut the bottom plate part of the hopper. The bottom view which showed the action | operation link mechanism of the shutter board | plate. The principal part disassembled perspective view of a shutter board | plate part. Side surface sectional drawing of the fertilizer spreader of another Example. The principal part cross-sectional side view of the shutter board | plate part of the fertilizer spreader of another Example. The principal part disassembled perspective view of the shutter board | plate part of the fertilizer spreader of another Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 frame 11 lower link pin 12 top bracket 13 input shaft 2 hopper 21 agitator 22 shutter plate 221 hole 222 shutter pin 223 right shutter plate 224 left shutter plate 23 bottom plate 231 discharge port 24 shutter holding bracket 25 guide rail 251 circular surface 26, 260 Rubber sponge plate 27,270 Fluororesin plate 3 Opening / closing lid 31 Chow 4 Operation lever 401 Right operation lever 402 Left operation lever 41 Lever guide 42 Shutter arm 421 Right shutter arm 422 Left shutter arm 423 Right shutter arm rotation shaft 424 Left shutter Arm rotation axis 43 Shutter lot 44 Lever rotation fulcrum 45 Connecting rod 46 Grip part 5 Frame 50 Handle 51 Input shaft 52 Flywheel 53 Kushafuto 54 Yokubosu 55 fork arm 56 sub hopper 6 hopper 7 shutter 70 the shutter lever 701 rod 71 the shutter plate 711 Shutter chute 72 bottom plate 721 bottom plate chute 73 bushing 8 spraying unit 80 spraying tube 801 scatter plates 81 agitator

Claims (1)

  A discharge port is provided in the bottom plate of the hopper that stores the fertilizer, and a shutter plate having a hole for opening and closing the discharge port is provided slidably with respect to the bottom plate of the hopper, and the bottom plate discharge port of the hopper and the hole of the shutter plate are provided. In the fertilizer spreader that adjusts the spray amount by the opening amount of the opening hole formed at the polymerization site, a rubber sponge plate and a fluororesin plate are sandwiched between the bottom plate of the hopper and the shutter plate, and the fluororesin plate is the shutter A fertilizer spreader provided to function as a sliding surface with a plate or a bottom plate of a hopper.

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