JP2009192099A - Radioactive waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Radioactive waste treatment equipment Download PDF

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JP2009192099A
JP2009192099A JP2008030686A JP2008030686A JP2009192099A JP 2009192099 A JP2009192099 A JP 2009192099A JP 2008030686 A JP2008030686 A JP 2008030686A JP 2008030686 A JP2008030686 A JP 2008030686A JP 2009192099 A JP2009192099 A JP 2009192099A
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incinerator
incineration
ash
waste
ash tray
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JP4977916B2 (en
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Mamoru Harada
守 原田
Yasushi Donomae
寧 堂野前
Toshiya Tsunoda
俊也 角田
Yasushi Sato
康士 佐藤
Kenichi Kuchiki
憲一 朽木
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Japan Atomic Energy Agency
Kawasaki Plant Systems Ltd
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Kawasaki Plant Systems Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To completely burn combustible waste by sufficiently supplying oxygen by a natural airflow in burning the combustible waste in a high-frequency heating furnace, so that the melt treatment of radioactive waste for heating and melting noncombustible waste with the burned ash can be simply and easily performed. <P>SOLUTION: In this radioactive waste treatment equipment for burning the combustible waste by high-frequency heating by a conductive incinerator 10, and high-frequency heating and melting the burned ash T and the noncombustible waste by using a ceramic canister, the incinerator 10 is composed of the combination of an ash tray and an incineration cylinder 12 separable from each other, a fire grate 13 is disposed at a lower portion of the incineration cylinder 12, an air passage is formed of the incineration cylinder 12 and the ash tray at a lower part with respect to the fire grate 13, and the inside of the incineration cylinder 12 and an upper space are applied as a combustion zone in a state that the incinerator 10 is mounted in the high-frequency heating furnace 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、不燃性放射性廃棄物を加熱溶融させて減容するための高周波加熱炉を利用して可燃性放射性廃棄物を焼却処理する装置に関するものであり、自然な空気流によって十分に酸素が供給されて完全燃焼されるようにして、焼却処理のための付属設備を高周波加熱炉に付設する必要がなく、かつ、未燃炭素が焼却灰に極力残ることがなく、焼却灰を不燃性放射性廃棄物と共に加熱溶融させて減容させるについて、その溶融処理を簡単容易にすることができるものである。
なお、上記の「可燃性放射性廃棄物」は、主に、布、綿、紙、木、酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ネオプロピレンゴム、アクリル樹脂、イオン交換樹脂等である。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for incineration of combustible radioactive waste using a high-frequency heating furnace for reducing the volume by heating and melting noncombustible radioactive waste, and oxygen is sufficiently absorbed by a natural air flow. There is no need to attach additional equipment for incineration to the induction furnace so that it is supplied and burned completely, and unburned carbon does not remain in the incineration ash as much as possible. With respect to the volume reduction by heating and melting together with the waste, the melting process can be made easy and easy.
The above-mentioned “flammable radioactive waste” is mainly cloth, cotton, paper, wood, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, polyethylene, neopropylene rubber, acrylic resin, ion exchange resin, and the like.

原子力発電所などの原子力施設から排出される不燃性放射性廃棄物、可燃性放射性廃棄物を減容処理するには、これらを分別して可燃性放射性廃棄物を焼却処理し、不燃性放射性廃棄物については高周波加熱して溶融させるのが一般的である（以下において、「放射性廃棄物」を「廃棄物」と略称する）。これに対して、可燃性廃棄物と不燃性廃棄物とを分別せず、高周波加熱炉で可燃性廃棄物を焼却し、その焼却灰を不燃性廃棄物とともに加熱溶融させることで、放射性廃棄物の処理設備を簡略化するものがある（特開平７−２６０１１９号公報（特許文献１）、特開平１１−２７１４９５号公報（特許文献２））。特許文献１、特許文献２に記載されているものはいずれもそのキャニスタが導電性であってそれ自体が高周波加熱されて高温になり、その中に投入された可燃性廃棄物を燃焼させ、その後、不燃性廃棄物を同キャニスタに投入して、当該不燃性廃棄物を焼却灰とともに加熱溶融させるものである。   In order to reduce the volume of incombustible radioactive waste and combustible radioactive waste discharged from nuclear facilities such as nuclear power plants, separate them and incinerate combustible radioactive waste. Is generally melted by high-frequency heating (hereinafter, “radioactive waste” is abbreviated as “waste”). In contrast, combustible waste and incombustible waste are not separated, incinerated in combustible waste in a high-frequency furnace, and the incinerated ash is heated and melted together with incombustible waste, so that radioactive waste Are simplified (JP-A-7-260119 (Patent Document 1), JP-A-11-271495 (Patent Document 2)). In both Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the canister is electrically conductive and itself is heated at a high frequency to become a high temperature, combusting the combustible waste put in it, and then The incombustible waste is put into the canister, and the incombustible waste is heated and melted together with the incinerated ash.

特許文献１のものは、空気供給ノズルを備えていて、当該キャニスタの中に空気を吹き込んでキャニスタ内で可燃性廃棄物を燃焼させ、また、不燃性廃棄物を加熱溶融させてこれらを減容処理するものである（以下これを従来技術１という）。この場合の空気供給量は制御装置によって、酸素濃度等の炉内状況に応じた最適量に制御されるが、キャニスタの底部は空気が行き届かず、酸素不足の状態にあるので当該キャニスタの底部に蓄積された焼却灰には多量の未燃炭素が残る。このため、上記焼却灰が混入されて不燃性廃棄物が加熱溶融されると、焼却灰が溶湯表面に浮遊することになり、多量の未燃炭素が含まれたままで溶融固化されることになる。不燃性廃棄物の加熱溶融時に上記焼却灰中の未燃炭素を完全に燃焼させることを目的としたものが、特許文献２の従来技術である（以下、これを従来技術２という）。
従来技術２は、図３に示すようにキャニスタ１０３内の溶湯上面にバーナー１０４で火炎１０４ａを放射するようにしたものである。 The thing of patent document 1 is equipped with the air supply nozzle, blows air in the said canister, burns flammable waste in a canister, and heat-melts nonflammable waste to reduce these volumes This is processed (hereinafter referred to as prior art 1). In this case, the air supply amount is controlled by the control device to an optimum amount corresponding to the state of the furnace such as the oxygen concentration, but the bottom of the canister is in a state where the air is not reachable and oxygen is insufficient. A large amount of unburned carbon remains in the incineration ash accumulated in the ash. For this reason, when the incinerated ash is mixed and the incombustible waste is heated and melted, the incinerated ash floats on the surface of the molten metal, and is melted and solidified while containing a large amount of unburned carbon. . The prior art of Patent Document 2 aims to completely burn unburned carbon in the incinerated ash when the incombustible waste is heated and melted (hereinafter referred to as Prior Art 2).
In the prior art 2, as shown in FIG. 3, a flame 104 a is radiated by a burner 104 on the upper surface of the molten metal in the canister 103.

なお、従来技術２のものはキャニスタ１０３内で焼却させるものであるから、高周波加熱炉１００の上部に燃焼ゾーン１１４を備えており、当該燃焼ゾーン１１４内の酸素濃度を検出しながら、空気供給ノズル１１５で空気を吹き込むものである。他方、キャニスタ１０３が高周波加熱炉１００内に装着されると、投入口１１２から可燃性廃棄物、不燃性廃棄物がそれぞれ投入される。キャニスタ１０３内で可燃性廃棄物が焼却され、不燃性廃棄物が溶融固化された後、キャニスタ１０３が高周波加熱炉１００から取り出される。
同じキャニスタ１０３で可燃性廃棄物が焼却され、不燃性廃棄物が加熱溶融されるので、これらの焼却と加熱溶融を別々に行うものに比してその取り扱いが簡単である。 Since the prior art 2 is incinerated in the canister 103, the combustion zone 114 is provided in the upper part of the high-frequency heating furnace 100, and the air supply nozzle is detected while detecting the oxygen concentration in the combustion zone 114. At 115, air is blown. On the other hand, when the canister 103 is mounted in the high-frequency heating furnace 100, combustible waste and non-combustible waste are respectively input from the input port 112. After the combustible waste is incinerated in the canister 103 and the incombustible waste is melted and solidified, the canister 103 is taken out from the high-frequency heating furnace 100.
Since the combustible waste is incinerated in the same canister 103 and the incombustible waste is heated and melted, the handling is simpler than those in which these incineration and heat melting are performed separately.

〔従来技術の問題点〕
以上の従来技術１、従来技術２のいずれも、キャニスタを使って可燃性廃棄物を焼却するために、高周波加熱炉の上部に燃焼ゾーンを設けたものであるから、高周波加熱炉が大型化し、また、キャニスタ内に上方から空気を吹き込むための設備、すなわち、空気供給ノズル、空気供給制御のための種々の設備が必要であり、このことはキャニスタを焼却器として利用する限り避けられない問題である。そしてまた、未燃炭素が焼却灰に多量に残るという問題は、キャニスタ底部が酸欠状態であることに起因するのであるから、キャニスタを用いて可燃性廃棄物を焼却処理する限り避けられない。
特開平７−２６０１１９号公報 特開平１１−２７１４９５号公報 [Problems of the prior art]
Since both of the above prior art 1 and prior art 2 are provided with a combustion zone in the upper part of the high frequency heating furnace in order to incinerate combustible waste using a canister, the high frequency heating furnace is enlarged, In addition, equipment for blowing air into the canister from above, that is, an air supply nozzle and various equipment for air supply control are necessary. This is an inevitable problem as long as the canister is used as an incinerator. is there. Moreover, the problem that a large amount of unburned carbon remains in the incineration ash is due to the fact that the bottom of the canister is in an oxygen deficient state, so that it is inevitable as long as combustible waste is incinerated using the canister.
JP 7-260119 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-271495

可燃性廃棄物を分別して焼却するについて、自然な空気流で十分な酸素を供給することによって、未燃炭素成分が残らないように完全燃焼させることができれば、上記従来技術の問題は解消される。
この発明の課題は、高周波加熱炉で可燃性廃棄物を焼却するについて、自然な空気流によって酸素を十分供給して可燃性廃棄物を完全燃焼させ、その焼却灰とともに不燃性廃棄物を加熱溶融させる放射性廃棄物の溶融処理を簡単容易に行えるようにすることである。 When combustible waste is separated and incinerated, if sufficient combustion is performed by supplying sufficient oxygen with a natural air flow so that unburned carbon components do not remain, the above-mentioned problems of the prior art are solved. .
The object of the present invention is to incinerate combustible waste in a high-frequency heating furnace, sufficiently supply oxygen by a natural air flow to completely burn the combustible waste, and heat and melt the incombustible waste together with the incineration ash. It is to be able to easily and easily melt the radioactive waste.

この発明は、導電性の焼却器を用いて高周波加熱して可燃性廃棄物を焼却し、その焼却灰と不燃性廃棄物をセラミック製キャニスタを用いて高周波加熱して溶融させる放射性廃棄物処理装置を前提として、次の（イ）〜（ハ）によるものである。
（イ）上記焼却器が互いに分離可能な灰受け皿と焼却筒との組み合わせ体であり、
（ロ）上記焼却筒の下部に火格子があり、当該火格子よりも下方において焼却筒と灰受け皿とによってその間に空気通路が構成されており、
（ハ）上記焼却器が高周波加熱炉に装着された状態で、焼却筒内上部空間が燃焼ゾーンになっており、さらに焼却筒よりも上部の空間が燃焼ゾーンになっていること。 The present invention relates to a radioactive waste processing apparatus in which combustible waste is incinerated by high-frequency heating using a conductive incinerator, and the incinerated ash and incombustible waste are melted by high-frequency heating using a ceramic canister. Based on the following, it is based on the following (a) to (c).
(B) The incinerator is a combination of an ash tray and an incinerator that can be separated from each other,
(B) There is a grate below the incinerator, and an air passage is formed between the incinerator and the ash tray below the grate,
(C) In the state where the incinerator is mounted in a high-frequency heating furnace, the upper space in the incineration cylinder is a combustion zone, and the space above the incineration cylinder is a combustion zone.

〔作用〕
導電性の焼却器を高周波加熱炉に装着して可燃性廃棄物を焼却し、キャニスタを高周波加熱炉に装着して不燃性廃棄物を溶融処理する。そして、この焼却処理と溶融処置はそれぞれ所定の時間毎（例えば１日毎）に交互に行われる。 [Action]
A conductive incinerator is attached to a high-frequency heating furnace to incinerate combustible waste, and a canister is attached to the high-frequency heating furnace to melt incombustible waste. The incineration process and the melting process are alternately performed at predetermined time intervals (for example, every day).

焼却器の焼却筒、灰受け皿が高周波加熱されて可燃性廃棄物が焼却される。このとき、高周波加熱炉のスリーブ下部に空気穴があるので、外気がこの空気穴からスリーブ下部に流入し、焼却筒下端と灰受け皿の間の環状の隙間を経て灰受け皿と焼却筒との上下方向の隙間に流入し、これが火格子を下方から上方に通過し、焼却筒内を上昇し、スリーブの上部空間を上昇する。この空気流は焼却器内で加熱された空気によって自然に生じる上昇気流である。そして、上記のように、火格子上の可燃性廃棄物にその下側から空気が供給され、さらに、焼却筒内上部空間でも供給される。そして焼却筒から高周波加熱炉の上記スリーブ内上部空間へ燃焼ガスが上昇したところで、スリーブと焼却器との間を上昇する空気が供給される。そして可燃性廃棄物の焼却灰は灰受け皿に落下して捕集されるが、この焼却灰は灰受け皿に落下する間も上記空気流によって酸素が供給され、さらに、灰受け皿に落下した後も、灰受け皿内に空気が流入するので酸素が供給される。このように、火格子上で燃焼するときから焼却灰になって灰受け皿に捕集されるまでの間、十分な酸素が供給されて完全燃焼されるので、灰受け皿内の焼却灰に未燃炭素が残ることはない。   The incinerator cylinder and ash tray of the incinerator are heated at high frequency to incinerate combustible waste. At this time, since there is an air hole in the lower part of the sleeve of the high-frequency heating furnace, outside air flows into the lower part of the sleeve from this air hole, and passes through the annular gap between the lower end of the incineration cylinder and the ash tray, and the upper and lower sides of the ash tray and the incineration cylinder. It flows into the gap in the direction, and passes through the grate from the lower side to the upper side, rises in the incineration cylinder, and rises in the upper space of the sleeve. This air flow is an updraft that is naturally generated by the air heated in the incinerator. And as mentioned above, air is supplied to the combustible waste on a grate from the lower side, and also is supplied also in the upper space in an incineration cylinder. When the combustion gas rises from the incineration cylinder to the upper space in the sleeve of the high-frequency heating furnace, the air rising between the sleeve and the incinerator is supplied. And the incinerated ash of combustible waste falls and is collected in the ash tray, and this incinerated ash is supplied with oxygen by the air flow even while falling into the ash tray, and even after falling into the ash tray Since oxygen flows into the ash tray, oxygen is supplied. In this way, since sufficient oxygen is supplied and completely burned from when it burns on the grate to when it becomes incinerated ash and is collected in the ash tray, the incinerated ash in the ash tray is unburned. No carbon remains.

焼却作業が終了すると台座が下げられ、焼却器が高周波加熱炉の外に取り出され、コンベアで所定の灰収集装置付近まで搬送される。同炉の外の灰収集装置で焼却筒本体と灰受け皿が分離され、灰受け皿内の焼却灰、灰受け皿、焼却筒は、灰収集装置の吸引装置で吸引されて清掃され、収集された灰は投入容器（可燃性容器）に移され、その後再び組み立てられて繰り返し使用される。
灰受け皿内の焼却灰を収容した投入容器は、高周波加熱炉に装着されたキャニスタに不燃性廃棄物とともに投入されて高周波加熱される。キャニスタは導電性金属などの不燃性廃棄物が挿入されているので、それ自体が導電性で発熱するものである必要はない。 When the incineration operation is completed, the pedestal is lowered, the incinerator is taken out of the high-frequency heating furnace, and conveyed to the vicinity of a predetermined ash collection device by a conveyor. The incinerator cylinder main body and the ash tray are separated by the ash collector outside the furnace, and the incineration ash, ash tray, and incinerator in the ash tray are sucked and cleaned by the ash collector's suction device. Is transferred to the input container (flammable container), and then reassembled for repeated use.
The charging container containing the incinerated ash in the ash tray is charged together with non-combustible waste into a canister mounted in a high-frequency heating furnace and is heated at high frequency. Since the canister is inserted with non-combustible waste such as conductive metal, it does not need to be conductive and generate heat.

以上のとおり、焼却器の下部に設けた火格子の下方から上方に向けて空気が流れ、さらに上方に流れるので、上記火格子から上方の空間、すなわち焼却筒内上部空間と、スリーブ内上部空間とで十分な酸素が供給される。したがって、これらの空間が活発な燃焼ゾーンとなる。それ故、この発明による焼却器を用いることにより、特別に燃焼ゾーンを設けていない高周波加熱炉で可燃性廃棄物を完全燃焼させることができる。
また、焼却器がその下部の灰受け皿と焼却筒とが分離可能に組み合わされたものであるから、焼却器の底（灰受け皿内）に溜まった焼却灰の取り出しが容易であり、したがって、焼却器を繰り返し使用して可燃性廃棄物の焼却処理を行うことができる。 As described above, air flows from the lower side to the upper side of the grate provided at the lower part of the incinerator, and further flows upward. Therefore, the upper space from the grate, that is, the upper space in the incineration cylinder and the upper space in the sleeve And sufficient oxygen is supplied. Therefore, these spaces become active combustion zones. Therefore, by using the incinerator according to the present invention, combustible waste can be completely burned in a high-frequency heating furnace that does not have a special combustion zone.
In addition, since the incinerator is a separable combination of the ash tray and the incineration cylinder at the bottom of the incinerator, it is easy to take out the incinerated ash collected at the bottom of the incinerator (inside the ash tray). Incineration of combustible waste can be performed by repeatedly using the vessel.

〔実施の態様〕
可燃性廃棄物の焼却作業が終了すると、焼却器は加熱炉から取り出され、焼却灰が回収されて再び使用される。この場合、焼却器は清掃されなければならない。なぜなら、焼却灰が付着していると、これが飛散してセル内を汚染することになるからである。そして、この清掃作業はセル内で、吸引清掃装置を用いて遠隔操作で行われるので、その内部構造が複雑であると吸引口が隅々まで行き届かず、このため、焼却器を隅々まできれいに清掃することができないことになる。
以上のことから、上記焼却筒が火格子を備えた下部と単純な円筒状の上部とによる分割型であれば、火格子がある下部の清掃がさらに簡単容易である。 Embodiment
When the incineration work of combustible waste is completed, the incinerator is taken out from the heating furnace, and the incineration ash is collected and used again. In this case, the incinerator must be cleaned. This is because if the incineration ash adheres, it will scatter and contaminate the inside of the cell. And this cleaning work is done remotely in the cell using a suction cleaning device, so if the internal structure is complicated, the suction port will not reach every corner, and therefore the incinerator will be pushed to every corner. It will not be possible to clean cleanly.
From the above, if the incinerator is a split type having a lower part with a grate and a simple cylindrical upper part, it is easier and easier to clean the lower part with the grate.

因みに、上記焼却筒が一体型でその下端に火格子を付けた構造である場合は、焼却筒の隅々を遠隔操作で十分に清掃することが難しいので、分割型であることが望ましい。
また、焼却筒を分割型にするとその分離、結合（組み立て）は、セル内のマニュピレータ（遠隔操作によるロボットアーム）で行うことになるので、簡単に分離され、また、簡単に組み立てられる分割構造が望ましく、焼却筒を下部と上部とに分割した分割型にして、これらを互いに嵌め合わせるようにすることにより、上部と下部との分離、結合を簡単容易にし、かつ結合状態を安定させることができる。 Incidentally, in the case where the incineration cylinder is of an integrated type and has a structure with a grate attached to the lower end thereof, it is difficult to sufficiently clean the corners of the incineration cylinder by remote control, so that the split type is desirable.
In addition, when the incineration cylinder is divided, the separation and connection (assembly) is performed by a manipulator (remotely operated robot arm) in the cell, so that the divided structure can be easily separated and easily assembled. Desirably, the incineration cylinder is divided into a lower part and an upper part, and these parts are fitted to each other so that the upper part and the lower part can be easily separated and joined, and the joining state can be stabilized. .

さらに、上記焼却筒の下端外径よりも灰受け皿の内径を大きくし、焼却筒下端に支持脚を設け、当該支持脚の高さを灰受け皿の高さとほぼ等しくし、焼却筒を上記支持脚を介して灰受け皿の底面に支持させることで、火格子よりも下方の空間への空気流入経路が構成される。
上記支持脚の高さは灰受け皿の高さに対して等しい必要はないが、焼却器が高周波加熱炉に収まるためには、できるだけ低くし、また、燃焼筒内の火格子から落下する燃焼灰を灰受け皿の外に飛散させないためには、支持脚が灰受け皿よりも高くないことが好ましい。他方、支持脚の高さが灰受け皿の高さより１０〜２０ｍｍ程度低くても上記空気流入経路を構成するのに格別の不都合はないが、灰受け皿の灰収容容量がその分だけ小さくなる。
以上のことから、支持脚の高さは灰受け皿の高さとほぼ等しいのがよい。 Further, the inner diameter of the ash tray is made larger than the outer diameter of the lower end of the incineration cylinder, a support leg is provided at the lower end of the incineration cylinder, the height of the support leg is substantially equal to the height of the ash tray, and the incineration cylinder is mounted on the support leg. An air inflow path to a space below the grate is configured by supporting the ash tray via the bottom of the ash tray.
The height of the support legs need not be equal to the height of the ash tray, but in order for the incinerator to fit in the induction furnace, it should be as low as possible and the combustion ash falling from the grate in the combustion cylinder. It is preferable that the support legs are not higher than the ash tray in order to prevent the ash from being scattered outside the ash tray. On the other hand, even if the height of the support leg is about 10 to 20 mm lower than the height of the ash tray, there is no particular disadvantage in constructing the air inflow path, but the ash capacity of the ash tray is reduced accordingly.
From the above, it is preferable that the height of the support leg is substantially equal to the height of the ash tray.

また、灰受け皿と焼却筒とを嵌め合い式にし、灰受け皿の側壁上部に空気穴を設けてこの空気穴から灰受け皿内に空気を流入させることもできる。この場合は、上記空気穴から焼却灰がこぼれ落ちるので、灰受け皿の所要収容容量が確保されるように、側壁を高くする必要があり、また、焼却筒の支持脚がなくて、焼却筒の下端を灰受け皿の上端に嵌合させることになる。この構造は焼却筒の下端に支持脚を設ける必要がないというメリットがあるが、灰受け皿の側壁を高くし、また、その上部に空気穴を設けることになるので、灰受け皿の構造が複雑になるというデメリットがある。また、この場合は、灰受け皿の収容容量が小さくなることが避けられない。   It is also possible to fit the ash tray and the incineration cylinder, provide an air hole in the upper portion of the side wall of the ash tray, and allow air to flow into the ash tray from the air hole. In this case, incineration ash spills out from the air holes, so the side walls need to be raised so that the required capacity of the ash tray is secured, and there are no support legs for the incineration cylinder, The lower end is fitted to the upper end of the ash tray. This structure has the merit that it is not necessary to provide support legs at the lower end of the incineration cylinder, but the side wall of the ash tray is raised and an air hole is provided in the upper part, so the structure of the ash tray is complicated. There is a demerit that In this case, it is inevitable that the capacity of the ash tray is reduced.

次いで、図１、図２、図３を参照して実施例を説明する。
この実施例の焼却器１０は高さが４００ｍｍ、焼却筒の内径が２５０ｍｍである。そして、この焼却器による焼却処理能力は、廃棄物の素材にもよるが、例えば、手袋、ウエス、木材などの通常の廃棄物である場合は１時間当たり約７ｋｇ程度、イオン交換樹脂などの樹脂製品の場合は１時間当たり約１０ｋｇ程度である。この焼却器の材質としてはステンレスが挙げられるが、高耐食性金属や鉄などの金属でもよい。ただし、９００℃程度の燃焼温度に耐えられるものであって、かつ導電性のものでなければならず、しかも、比較的廉価でかつ高耐食性が高い金属であることが望ましい。 Next, an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3.
The incinerator 10 of this embodiment has a height of 400 mm and an incineration cylinder having an inner diameter of 250 mm. The incineration capacity of the incinerator depends on the material of the waste. For example, in the case of normal waste such as gloves, waste and wood, about 7 kg per hour, resin such as ion exchange resin. In the case of a product, it is about 10 kg per hour. The incinerator may be made of stainless steel, but may be a metal such as a highly corrosion resistant metal or iron. However, the metal must be able to withstand a combustion temperature of about 900 ° C. and be conductive, and is preferably a metal that is relatively inexpensive and has high corrosion resistance.

焼却器１０の下部は灰受け皿１１になっており、その内径は約３４０ｍｍ、高さは約１２０ｍｍである。焼却筒１２はさらに焼却筒上部１２ａと焼却筒下部１２ｂとに分割されており、焼却筒下部１２ｂの下端に金属製の編み目状の火格子１３が着脱自在に設けられている。なお、火格子１３は消耗することが想定され、消耗したら新しいものと交換する。
焼却筒上部１２ａは円筒体であり、上方に開いた円錐状フランジ１２ｆがあり、下端外周面がテーパー面１２ｔになっている。上端に円錐状フランジ１２ｆがあるのは焼却筒１２への廃棄物の投入を容易にするためであり、また、下端がテーパー面１２ｔであるのは、焼却筒下部１２ｂへの嵌め込みを容易にするためである。 The lower part of the incinerator 10 is an ash tray 11 having an inner diameter of about 340 mm and a height of about 120 mm. The incineration cylinder 12 is further divided into an incineration cylinder upper part 12a and an incineration cylinder lower part 12b, and a metal knitted grate 13 is detachably provided at the lower end of the incineration cylinder lower part 12b. Note that the grate 13 is assumed to be worn out and is replaced with a new one when worn out.
The upper portion 12a of the incineration cylinder is a cylindrical body, has a conical flange 12f that opens upward, and has a tapered outer surface at the lower end that is a tapered surface 12t. The conical flange 12f at the upper end is for facilitating the introduction of waste into the incineration cylinder 12, and the lower end is the tapered surface 12t to facilitate fitting into the incineration cylinder lower part 12b. Because.

焼却筒下部１２ｂは、内径約２６０ｍｍの上部と外径約２６０ｍｍの下部の２段構造であり、下部に火格子１３に対する支持部が設けられている。
焼却筒下部１２ｂに４つの支持脚１４がある。そして、この支持脚１４の高さは灰受け皿１１の高さ約１２０ｍｍに等しい。灰受け皿１１、焼却筒１２の板厚は約１０ｍｍである。
灰受け皿１１の内径が焼却筒下端の外径よりも約８０ｍｍ大きく、灰受け皿１１に焼却筒１２が組み合わされたとき、その間に幅約４０ｍｍの環状隙間が形成される。 The incineration cylinder lower part 12b has a two-stage structure having an upper part with an inner diameter of about 260 mm and a lower part with an outer diameter of about 260 mm, and a support part for the grate 13 is provided at the lower part.
There are four support legs 14 at the lower part 12b of the incineration cylinder. And the height of this support leg 14 is equal to the height of about 120 mm of the ash tray 11. The plate thickness of the ash tray 11 and the incineration cylinder 12 is about 10 mm.
When the inner diameter of the ash tray 11 is about 80 mm larger than the outer diameter of the lower end of the incineration cylinder, and the incineration cylinder 12 is combined with the ash tray 11, an annular gap having a width of about 40 mm is formed therebetween.

なお、焼却筒下部１２ｂの上端に外方に開いた円錐状フランジ１２ｇがある。この円錐状フランジ１２ｇがあることにより焼却筒上部１２ａの嵌め込みを一層容易にすることができる。また、焼却筒上部１２ａの下端外周にテーパー面１２ｔがあるので、焼却筒下部１２ｂへの嵌め合いは比較的容易である。
そして、吸引清掃装置によるセル内での清掃作業の観点からは、分割された各部分の構造は単純であることが望ましいので、以上のことからすれば、上記円錐状フランジ１２ｇは必ずしも必要ではない。 In addition, there is a conical flange 12g that opens outward at the upper end of the incineration cylinder lower part 12b. With the conical flange 12g, the incineration cylinder upper part 12a can be more easily fitted. Moreover, since the taper surface 12t exists in the outer periphery of the lower end of the incineration cylinder upper part 12a, the fitting to the incineration cylinder lower part 12b is comparatively easy.
And from the viewpoint of the cleaning work in the cell by the suction cleaning device, it is desirable that the structure of each divided part is simple. Therefore, from the above, the conical flange 12g is not necessarily required. .

以上のような焼却器１０を台座３に載せて、スリーブ２の中に押し上げることで高周波加熱炉１に装着し、これに可燃性廃棄物を投入して焼却するのであるが、このとき、焼却器全体が高温（９００℃程度）に加熱されるので、その内部、外部に上昇気流が生じ、これによって外気が図示の矢印に沿って流れる。この空気流Ａによって灰受け皿１１内の焼却灰、火格子１３上の可燃物、焼却筒内上部空間、燃焼筒上部空間内に多量の酸素が供給される。   The incinerator 10 as described above is mounted on the pedestal 3 and pushed up into the sleeve 2 so as to be mounted on the high-frequency heating furnace 1 and combustible waste is put into it for incineration. Since the entire vessel is heated to a high temperature (about 900 ° C.), an ascending airflow is generated inside and outside thereof, thereby causing the outside air to flow along the arrow shown in the figure. A large amount of oxygen is supplied into the incinerated ash in the ash tray 11, the combustible material on the grate 13, the upper space in the incineration cylinder, and the upper space in the combustion cylinder by the air flow A.

可燃性廃棄物の焼却作業が終了すると、台座３が下げられ、台座上の焼却器１０がコンベアに移され、コンベアによって焼却灰収集装置付近まで搬送される。焼却灰収集装置付近で焼却筒上部１２ａ、焼却筒下部１２ｂが順次分離されて、灰受け皿１１から焼却筒１２が分離される。灰受け皿１１に蓄積された焼却灰Ｔが焼却灰収集装置の吸引清掃機により収集され、投入容器に移され、さらに、灰受け皿１１、焼却筒上部１２ａ、焼却筒下部１２ｂが吸引清掃機で清掃される。この清掃によって収集された焼却灰も上記投入容器に移される。清掃が完了した焼却器１０は再び組み立てられて再使用に備えられる。   When the combustible waste incineration operation is completed, the pedestal 3 is lowered, the incinerator 10 on the pedestal is transferred to the conveyor, and is conveyed to the vicinity of the incineration ash collection device by the conveyor. The incineration cylinder upper part 12 a and the incineration cylinder lower part 12 b are sequentially separated in the vicinity of the incineration ash collection device, and the incineration cylinder 12 is separated from the ash tray 11. The incineration ash T accumulated in the ash tray 11 is collected by the suction cleaning machine of the incineration ash collection device and transferred to the charging container, and the ash tray 11, the incineration cylinder upper part 12a, and the incineration cylinder lower part 12b are cleaned by the suction cleaning machine. Is done. Incinerated ash collected by this cleaning is also transferred to the charging container. The incinerator 10 that has been cleaned is reassembled and prepared for reuse.

高周波加熱炉１にセラミック製のキャニスタを装着し、焼却灰が収容されている投入容器を不燃性廃棄物とともに上記キャニスタに投入して、これらを加熱溶融させる。
加熱溶融作業が終了してキャニスタが高周波加熱炉から取り出されると、焼却・加熱溶融の１作業サイクルが終わる。そして、次の作業サイクルが始まると、待機していた焼却器を再び高周波加熱炉に装着する。
以上のようにして、焼却器を繰り返し使用しながら、可燃性廃棄物の焼却処理と不燃性廃棄物の溶融処理とが同じ高周波加熱炉で繰り返し行われる。 A ceramic canister is attached to the high-frequency heating furnace 1, and an input container containing incinerated ash is introduced into the canister together with incombustible waste, and these are heated and melted.
When the heating and melting operation is completed and the canister is removed from the high-frequency heating furnace, one work cycle of incineration and heating and melting ends. Then, when the next work cycle starts, the incinerator that has been waiting is attached to the high-frequency heating furnace again.
As described above, the incineration of the combustible waste and the melting treatment of the incombustible waste are repeatedly performed in the same high-frequency heating furnace while repeatedly using the incinerator.

は、実施例の焼却器の側面図The side view of the incinerator of the embodiment は、焼却器を高周波加熱炉に装着した状態の断面図Is a cross-sectional view of the incinerator installed in a high-frequency furnace は、従来技術２の断面図Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of prior art 2

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１：高周波加熱炉
２：スリーブ
３：台座
１０：焼却器
１１：灰受け皿
１２：焼却筒
１２ａ：焼却筒上部
１２ｂ：焼却筒下部
１３：火格子
１４：支持脚
T：焼却灰 1: High-frequency heating furnace 2: Sleeve 3: Pedestal 10: Incinerator 11: Ash tray 12: Incineration cylinder 12a: Incineration cylinder upper part 12b: Incineration cylinder lower part 13: Grate 14: Support legs
T: Incineration ash

Claims (3)

導電性の焼却器を用いて高周波加熱して可燃性廃棄物を焼却し、その焼却灰と不燃性廃棄物をセラミック製キャニスタを用いて高周波加熱して溶融させる放射性廃棄物処理装置において、
上記焼却器が互いに分離可能な灰受け皿と焼却筒との組み合わせ体であり、
上記焼却筒の下部に火格子があり、当該火格子よりも下方において焼却筒と灰受け皿とによってその間に空気通路が構成されており、
上記焼却器が高周波加熱炉に装着された状態で、焼却筒内上部空間が燃焼ゾーンになっており、さらに焼却筒よりも上部の空間が燃焼ゾーンになっていることを特徴とする放射性廃棄物処理装置。 In a radioactive waste treatment apparatus that incinerates flammable waste by induction heating using a conductive incinerator, and melts the incinerated ash and incombustible waste by induction heating using a ceramic canister,
The incinerator is a combination of an ash tray and an incinerator that can be separated from each other,
There is a grate below the incinerator, and an air passage is formed between the incinerator and the ash tray below the grate,
A radioactive waste characterized in that the upper space in the incineration cylinder is a combustion zone and the space above the incineration cylinder is a combustion zone in a state where the incinerator is mounted in a high-frequency heating furnace. Processing equipment. 上記焼却筒が火格子を備えた下部と上部とに分割された分割型であることを特徴とする請求項１の放射性廃棄物処理装置。   2. The radioactive waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the incineration cylinder is a split type divided into a lower part and an upper part provided with a grate. 上記焼却筒の下端外径よりも上記灰受け皿の内径が大きく、焼却筒下端に支持脚があり、当該支持脚の高さが灰受け皿の高さとほぼ等しく、焼却筒が上記支持脚を介して灰受け皿の底面に支持されており、焼却筒の下端と灰受け皿の上端との間に、火格子よりも下方の空間への空気流入経路がある請求項１又は請求項２の放射性廃棄物処理装置。    The inner diameter of the ash tray is larger than the outer diameter of the lower end of the incineration cylinder, and there is a support leg at the lower end of the incineration cylinder, the height of the support leg is substantially equal to the height of the ash tray, and the incineration cylinder passes through the support leg. The radioactive waste treatment according to claim 1 or 2, which is supported on the bottom surface of the ash tray, and has an air inflow path to a space below the grate between the lower end of the incineration cylinder and the upper end of the ash tray. apparatus.
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JP2011144984A (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-28 Japan Atomic Energy Agency High frequency heating type incinerator
JP2012180971A (en) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-20 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Incinerated ash discharge device and method of high frequency induction type incineration furnace
JP2014153153A (en) * 2013-02-07 2014-08-25 Ube Machinery Corporation Ltd Contaminated soil processing system and contaminated soil processing method
CN113587111A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-02 绵阳科大久创科技有限公司 High-temperature incinerator and matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower
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JPH07178519A (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-07-18 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk Crucible for continuous casting
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JP2011144984A (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-28 Japan Atomic Energy Agency High frequency heating type incinerator
JP2012180971A (en) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-20 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Incinerated ash discharge device and method of high frequency induction type incineration furnace
JP2014153153A (en) * 2013-02-07 2014-08-25 Ube Machinery Corporation Ltd Contaminated soil processing system and contaminated soil processing method
CN113587111A (en) * 2021-08-09 2021-11-02 绵阳科大久创科技有限公司 High-temperature incinerator and matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower
CN113587111B (en) * 2021-08-09 2023-11-24 绵阳科大久创科技有限公司 High-temperature incinerator and matched flue gas cooling and purifying tower
WO2023132584A1 (en) * 2022-01-04 2023-07-13 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Method for treating radioactive waste glass fibers

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