JP2009186000A - Cross head bearing arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cross head bearing arrangement of cross head type diesel engine which broadly spreads oil on a bearing surface without damaging a hydrodynamic oil film forming capacity of the bearing surface by making a shallow groove in oscillating direction of a bearing and furthermore does not increase a manufacturing cost in the cross head bearing arrangement which is provided with an oil groove of a cross head bearing which is formed by laminating a bearing alloy comprising a white metal and an aluminum alloy on a bearing back plate and which is subjected to a pressure of lateral load. <P>SOLUTION: In the cross head bearing arrangement which is provided with a cross head pin which is subjected to a pressure of reciprocating force of a piston and the cross head bearing which is formed by laminating the bearing alloy on the bearing back plate and which is subjected to a pressure of lateral load through the cross head pin, the cross head bearing is provided with a circumferential groove into which an oil supply hole slotted in axial direction of an engine is formed, a plurality of axial grooves which communicate with the circumferential groove and are formed in direction perpendicular to the circumferential groove and many streaky shallow grooves which are arranged on the bearing alloy between the axial grooves in parallel to the circumferential groove at constant interval and which are sufficiently shallower than the circumferential groove and the axial groove. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is applied to a crosshead type large diesel engine, and is formed by laminating a crosshead pin for receiving reciprocating power of a piston and a bearing alloy made of white metal, aluminum alloy or the like on a bearing back metal, and passing through the crosshead pin. The present invention relates to an improvement of a cross head bearing in a cross head bearing device including a cross head bearing that receives axial load.

FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the center of a cylinder showing an example of a crosshead type large diesel engine, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged perspective view of a Z portion in FIG.
In such a diesel engine, 105 is a cylinder cover, 106 is a piston, 101 is a piston rod 101, and the explosive force acting on the piston 106 is directed to the piston rod 101 and the crosshead pin 102 coupled thereto in the axial direction of the cylinder. Is transmitted.
A semi-cylindrical crosshead bearing 1 lined with white metal, aluminum alloy, or the like is attached to the crosshead pin 102 so as to be swingable with respect to the crosshead pin 102. Further, the connecting rod 103 is attached to the crosshead bearing 1. Is attached to transmit the driving force to the crankshaft 104.

Since the guide shoe 102a is attached to the cross head pin 102 so as to be slidable on the guide rail 108, the guide shoe 102a takes a reaction component perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder liner 105. The bearing 1 is always subjected to a component of force in the axial direction of the connecting rod 103, that is, the crosshead bearing 1 is directly loaded downward. As described above, the crosshead bearing 1 is constantly oscillated by applying a load.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the crosshead bearing 1 portion.
As shown in FIG. 7, the crosshead bearing 1 is formed in a semicircular shape and is fixed to an upper end support portion 106 of the connecting rod 103. 103a is a cap, and 103b is a fastening bolt of the cap 103a.
In FIG. 7, which shows an example of the crosshead bearing 1, reference numeral 4 denotes a circumferential groove, and a plurality of (five in this example) oil supply holes 5 are formed in the circumferential direction in the center of the engine in the axial direction. An axial groove 6 communicates with the circumferential groove 4, and a plurality (four in this example) are formed in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential groove 4.

Such a crosshead bearing 1 has conventionally been provided with a main oil groove. When the oil groove is tightly stretched, the amount of oil increases, but the generation of oil film pressure due to the hydrodynamic effect is cut off, and the bearing The load capacity of is reduced.
On the other hand, if the number of oil grooves is reduced, the load capacity will increase if the oil reaches the bearing surface sufficiently, but since the swing angle is small, the oil will not be sufficiently distributed, so it will contact locally, High oil film pressure occurs.

An example of such a bearing is Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-269454).
In the present invention, an overlay made of a bearing metal such as white metal on the bearing back metal of the bearing and a soft metal such as a lead alloy is applied on the bearing metal, and further, the surface of the overlay is subjected to an unevenness treatment to obtain the pitch and depth. Now, the shape is changed according to the place of use.

JP 2003-269454 A

The means disclosed in Patent Document 1 is also an effective means for efficiently introducing an oil film onto the sliding surface.
However, the means of Patent Document 1 forms a groove having a complicated shape in which the pitch, depth, and shape are changed according to the place of use on the surface of the overlay, so that the processing becomes complicated and the manufacturing cost tends to increase. In addition, since the cross head bearing swings, the oil film thickness is thin, and there is a concern that the effect of the groove inside the overlay may be lost at the very beginning of operation.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention is formed by laminating a bearing alloy made of white metal, aluminum alloy or the like on a bearing back metal, and an oil groove of a crosshead bearing that receives a shaft load is provided in a swinging direction of the bearing. By forming a shallow groove in the crosshead type diesel engine crosshead bearing, oil can be widely distributed to the bearing surface without impairing the hydrodynamic oil film forming ability of the bearing surface, and the manufacturing cost does not increase. An object is to provide an apparatus.

The present invention achieves such an object, and is a crosshead type diesel engine that converts the reciprocating power of a piston into a rotational force via a crosshead bearing device and transmits it to a crankshaft, the crosshead bearing device comprising: Crosshead type equipped with a crosshead pin that receives the reciprocating power of the piston and a crosshead bearing that is formed by laminating a bearing alloy made of white metal, aluminum alloy, etc. on the bearing back metal and that receives the axial load through the crosshead pin In the crosshead bearing device for a diesel engine, the crosshead bearing includes a circumferential groove that is engraved in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the crosshead pin and an oil supply hole is formed, and communicates with the circumferential groove and is perpendicular to the circumferential groove. A plurality of axial grooves formed in the groove and a constant parallel to the circumferential groove on the bearing alloy between the axial grooves Septum characterized by comprising a sufficiently shallow a number of streaked shallow groove than the circumferential grooves and axial grooves are columns set at (claim 1).
In particular, the plurality of shallow grooves are formed over the entire surface between the axial grooves on the surface of an overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on the bearing alloy.

Moreover, in this invention, specifically, it can also comprise as follows.
(1) The numerous shallow grooves are formed on the surface of the overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on the bearing alloy, and the length of the portion of the space between the axial grooves that is closer to the axial groove side. And a flat portion that does not form a groove between the shallow grooves.
(2) The plurality of shallow grooves are formed to have a certain length of a portion close to the axial groove side, and the portion close to the axial groove side is thickened and gradually thinned. It forms so that a part may be reached (Claim 4).
(3) The plurality of shallow grooves are formed in an uneven surface when an overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy is formed on the bearing alloy by a method such as etching or machining. 5).
(4) The large number of shallow grooves are denser than the groove at the part where the pitch of the grooves close to the circumferential grooves is far from the circumferential grooves (Claim 6).

The crosshead bearing according to the present invention is provided with a circumferential groove that is engraved in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the crosshead pin and has an oil supply hole, and a plurality of grooves that are communicated with the circumferential groove and perpendicular to the circumferential groove. A large number of shallow grooves in the form of streaks that are arranged at regular intervals in parallel with the circumferential grooves on the bearing alloy between the axial grooves and the axial grooves and are sufficiently shallower than the circumferential grooves and the axial grooves. (Claim 1), and the plurality of shallow grooves are formed over the entire surface between the axial grooves on the surface of an overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on the bearing alloy. 2),
By forming a number of shallow streak-like shallow grooves on the bearing alloy, preferably on the surface of the overlay, in parallel with the circumferential grooves, the shallow grooves are formed in the swinging direction (circumferential direction) of the bearing. It is possible to promote the introduction of oil into the bearing surface from the shallow groove by movement, that is, it is possible to spread the oil widely on the bearing surface without impairing the hydrodynamic oil film forming ability of the bearing surface.

Further, by forming a large number of shallow streaks, the load capacity can be ensured because the oil has sufficient oil holding force against a sudden change in oil film pressure when subjected to axial load. Thereby, the bearing surface of the load direction right under can be taken large.
Further, since only a large number of shallow streaks are processed, the processing cost is lower than that of the conventional one.

The plurality of shallow grooves are formed on the surface of an overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on a bearing alloy, and the length of a portion of the portion between the axial grooves which is closer to the axial groove side is constant. And having a flat portion that does not form a groove between the shallow grooves (Claim 3),
Many shallow grooves do not communicate with each other with a flat part, so that when the axial load is applied, the oil stops at the flat part and the amount of oil flowing out is suppressed, and there is no shortage of oil spread. Will increase.
In addition, by forming the shallow groove of the bearing surface other than the bearing surface directly under the large load only in the upper part, the amount of oil flowing out from the flat portion is suppressed for the bearing surface that is swinging, If there is no shortage of oil, the load sharing capacity increases.

  In addition, a large number of shallow grooves are formed to have a certain length of the portion close to the axial groove side, and the portion close to the axial groove side is thickened and gradually thinned to the flat portion. If formed so as to reach (Claim 4), the amount of oil to be held in the shallow groove is larger in the vicinity of the oil groove, so even if the shallow groove is shallowly formed toward the flat portion, the oil shortage does not occur. In addition, since the groove is shallow, the outflow of oil from the bearing surface during the application of load is suppressed, and the load capacity is improved.

  Further, when the overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy is formed on the bearing alloy by a method such as etching or machining, the shallow grooves are formed in an uneven surface shape (claim 5). ), By forming an uneven surface on the overlay, the bearing alloy is not exposed, and the embedding of fine foreign matters in oil is excellent.

  Further, if the plurality of shallow grooves are configured such that the pitch of the grooves on the side close to the circumferential groove is denser than that of the part away from the circumferential groove (Claim 6). The groove is closer to the axial end, that is, the groove closer to the circumferential groove than the groove away from the circumferential groove. The load capacity can be improved by increasing the resistance to the directional flow and increasing the oil retention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to specific examples unless otherwise specified. Only.
FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the center of a cylinder showing an example of a crosshead type large diesel engine to which the present invention is applied.
6A, since the guide shoe 102a is attached to the cross head pin 102, the guide shoe 102a takes charge of the reaction component perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder liner 105, so the cross head bearing according to the present invention. 1, the component of the force in the axial direction of the connecting rod 103 is always applied, that is, the crosshead bearing 1 is subjected to a downward load. In other words, the crosshead bearing 1 is always subjected to a load and swings.

1A and 1B show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a developed top view of a crosshead bearing, FIG. 1B is a top perspective view, and FIG.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a crosshead bearing, which is formed in a semicircular shape as shown in FIG. 1B, and the semicircular outer periphery is assembled to the connecting rod 103 as shown in FIG. .
A component of an axial force applied to the connecting rod 103, that is, the cross head bearing 1 is subjected to a downward load.

The crosshead bearing 1 is formed by laminating a bearing alloy 2a made of white metal, an aluminum alloy or the like on a bearing back metal 2 made of steel, and a soft metal such as a lead alloy is made on the bearing alloy 2a. An overlay 3 is formed.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a circumferential groove, which is engraved in the axial center of the engine in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and has a plurality of oil supply holes 5 (five in this example). An axial groove 6 communicates with the circumferential groove 4, and a plurality (four in this example) are formed in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential groove 4.

  Reference numeral 7 denotes a shallow groove, which is arranged at a constant interval in parallel with the circumferential groove 4 in the portion of the overlay 3 on the bearing back metal 2 a between the axial grooves 4. The shallow groove 7 is formed on the surface of the overlay 3 so as to communicate between the axial grooves 6 over the entire surface between the axial grooves 6, and from the circumferential grooves 4 and the axial grooves 6. In addition, the grooves 3 are sufficiently shallow and have a thickness approximately equal to the thickness of the overlay 3.

According to the first embodiment, a large number of shallow streaks 7 are formed in parallel with the circumferential grooves 4 to form a large number of shallow grooves 7 in the swinging direction (circumferential direction) of the crosshead bearing 1. By doing so, introduction of oil into the bearing surface from the shallow groove 7 by rocking can be promoted, that is, the oil can be spread widely on the bearing surface without impairing the hydrodynamic oil film forming ability of the bearing surface.
In addition, by forming a number of shallow streaks 7 with shallow streaks, it has sufficient oil holding power against sudden changes in oil film pressure when subjected to a direct downward axial load. Can be secured. As a result, the bearing surface in the load direction directly below can be made substantially large.
Further, since only a large number of shallow streaks 7 are processed, the processing cost is lower than that of the conventional one.

2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a developed top view of a crosshead bearing, and FIG. The top perspective view is the same as FIG.
In FIG. 2, the numerous shallow grooves 7 are formed on the surface of the overlay 3 made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on the bearing alloy 2a.
At the same time, a portion of the space between the axial grooves 6 that is closer to the axial groove 6 is formed to have a certain length B, and the shallow groove 7 is formed to the certain length B. Each has a flat portion 8 (width dimension A) between which no groove is formed.
Other than the above configuration, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

According to the second embodiment, since the many shallow grooves 7 do not communicate with each other with the flat portion 8, the oil when the axial load is applied by the flat portion 8 stops at the flat portion 8. When the outflow amount is suppressed and there is no shortage of oil, the load capacity is increased as compared with the first embodiment.
In addition, by forming the shallow groove 7 on the bearing surface other than the bearing surface directly under the heavy load only above, the amount of oil flowing out from the flat portion 8 can be suppressed on the swinging bearing surface. If there is no shortage of oil, the load sharing capacity increases.

3A and 3B show a third embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a developed top view of a crosshead bearing, and FIG. The top perspective view is the same as FIG.
In this embodiment, in addition to the groove shape similar to that of the second embodiment, the following structure is provided.
That is, the number of shallow grooves 7 is formed such that the length of the portion close to the axial groove 6 side is constant, and the portion close to the axial groove 6 side (S portion) is thickened and gradually thinned. And formed so as to reach the flat portion 8. 1s is a bearing center.
Other than the above configuration, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  According to the third embodiment, since the amount of oil to be held in the shallow groove 7 is larger in the vicinity of the axial groove 6, even if the shallow groove 7 is shallowly formed toward the flat portion 8, the oil is insufficient. In addition, since the shallow groove 7 is shallow, the outflow of oil from the bearing surface during the load operation is suppressed, and the load capacity is improved.

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows only the relevant portions, and is the same as FIG. 1 except for FIG.
In this fourth embodiment, a large number of shallow grooves 7 are formed on the bearing alloy 2a when the overlay 3 made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy is formed by a method such as etching or machining. Form in a planar shape.
Therefore, by forming the overlay 3 in a concavo-convex surface, the bearing alloy 2 is not exposed, and the structure is excellent in embedding fine foreign matters in oil.

FIG. 5 is a developed top view of a crosshead bearing showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In this fifth embodiment, the large number of shallow grooves 7 are denser than the distance p2 between the grooves on the side close to the circumferential groove 4 and the distance p2 between the grooves away from the circumferential groove 4. Configure to be. The same applies to the shallow groove 7 on the opposite side.
Other than the above configuration, the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

According to the fifth embodiment, the shallow groove 7 has a groove interval (p ₁ ) at a position where the groove distance (p ₁ ) on the side close to the axial end portion, that is, the circumferential groove 4 is away from the circumferential groove 4 (p ₂ ) Since it is denser compared to ₂ ), the load capacity can be improved by increasing the resistance to the axial flow of oil in the bearing gap during the load operation and increasing the oil holding force.

  According to the present invention, a bearing alloy made of white metal, aluminum alloy or the like is laminated on the bearing back metal, and the oil groove of the cross head bearing that receives the axial load is formed, and the shallow groove is formed in the swinging direction of the bearing. By doing so, it is possible to provide a crosshead bearing device for a crosshead type diesel engine that can spread oil widely on the bearing surface without impairing the hydrodynamic oil film forming ability of the bearing surface and that does not increase the manufacturing cost.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a developed top view of a crosshead bearing, (B) is a top perspective view, and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in (A). The 2nd example of the present invention is shown, (A) is an upper surface development view of a crosshead bearing, and (B) is a BB sectional view of (A). The 3rd example of the present invention is shown, (A) is an upper surface development view of a crosshead bearing, and (B) is a C arrow line view of (A). It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the 4th example of the present invention. It is a top surface expanded view of the crosshead bearing which shows 5th Example. (A) is sectional drawing of the cylinder center which shows an example of the crosshead type large diesel engine to which this invention is applied, (B) is the Z section enlarged perspective view of (A). These are the external views of the conventional crosshead bearing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crosshead bearing 2 Bearing back metal 2a Bearing alloy 3 Overlay 4 Circumferential groove 5 Oil supply hole 6 Axial groove 7 Shallow groove 8 Flat part 102 Crosshead pin 102a Guide shoe 103 Connecting rod 105 Cylinder liner

Claims (6)

A crosshead diesel engine that converts reciprocating power of a piston into rotational force via a crosshead bearing device and transmits the torque to a crankshaft, the crosshead bearing device including a crosshead pin that receives the reciprocating power of the piston, In a crosshead bearing device for a crosshead type diesel engine comprising a crosshead bearing formed by laminating a bearing alloy made of white metal, an aluminum alloy or the like on a bearing back metal and receiving an axial load through the crosshead pin,
The crosshead bearing includes a circumferential groove that is cut in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the crosshead pin and has an oil supply hole, and a plurality of axial grooves that communicate with the circumferential groove and are cut in a direction perpendicular to the circumferential groove. And a large number of streak-like shallow grooves that are arranged at regular intervals in parallel with the circumferential groove on the bearing alloy between the axial grooves and are sufficiently shallower than the circumferential groove and the axial groove. A crosshead bearing device characterized by that.   2. The cross head bearing according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of shallow grooves are formed over the entire surface between the axial grooves on the surface of an overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on the bearing alloy. apparatus.   The plurality of shallow grooves are formed on the surface of an overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy on the bearing alloy, and a constant length of a portion near the axial groove side among the axial grooves is formed. 2. The crosshead bearing device according to claim 1, further comprising a flat portion formed between the shallow grooves so as not to form a groove.   The plurality of shallow grooves are formed to have a constant length of the portion close to the axial groove side, and the portion close to the axial groove side is thickened and gradually thinned to reach the flat portion. The crosshead bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the crosshead bearing device is formed as described above.   The plurality of shallow grooves are characterized in that when the overlay made of a soft metal such as a lead alloy is formed on the bearing alloy by a method such as etching or machining, the overlay is formed in an uneven surface shape. Item 4. The crosshead bearing device according to Item 1.   2. The crosshead bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of shallow grooves are denser than a groove at a position where the grooves on the side close to the circumferential groove are away from the circumferential groove. .

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