JP2009174807A - Coordinated operation type opening and closing device and adsorption type heat pump provided with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coordinated operation type opening and closing device and an adsorption type heat pump capable of controlling supply of condensed water from a condenser to an evaporator in response to an adsorption situation of adsorbers, while dispensing with external driving energy for open-close switching. <P>SOLUTION: Open-close switching of supply of water vapor from the evaporator 4 to the adsorbers 2A, 2B is carried out by gate valves V3, V4, and open-close switching of supply of the condensed water from the condenser 3 to the evaporator is carried out by a float plug 6. Middle portions of operation arms 72, 82 of the gate valves V3, V4 are swingably supported by support parts 9, 9, the float plug is pressed downward by ends of the operation arms of the gate valves in fully opened states against a communication hole 33 against buoyancy of the condensed water to carry out full closing. Following swinging of the gate valve to a close side, the float plug becomes floatable, the communication hole is unplugged, and the condensed water is dropped into the evaporator. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a linkage operation type switching device used in an adsorption type heat pump using an adsorption type refrigeration cycle and an adsorption type heat pump provided with this linkage operation type switching device.

  Conventionally, as an adsorption heat pump, a plurality of adsorbers for two systems for alternately switching between adsorption and desorption, an evaporator for evaporating water for adsorption, and a condenser for condensing desorbed water vapor It is known that the cooling heat can be continuously taken out from the heat exchanger for evaporation based on water evaporation in the evaporator (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this device, a number of on-off valves are used to move water vapor as an adsorbate from the evaporator to the adsorber or from the adsorber to the condenser, and from the condenser to the evaporator. Both are connected to each other so that the water condensed in the condenser is dropped into the evaporator as it is.

  Also, in the field of absorption refrigerators / cooling / hot water machines, a pipe that communicates from a condenser to an evaporator uses a differential pressure seal using a float valve instead of a differential pressure seal using a U-shaped pipe. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-6-180159 Japanese Patent No. 3416289

  By the way, in the conventional adsorption heat pump, if the condensed water is dropped from the condenser to the evaporator in an uncontrolled manner, there is a risk that the cold heat generation capability may be reduced by evaporation. That is, the evaporator in which the condensed water supplied from the condenser evaporates in a portion other than the evaporating heat exchanger that is originally intended to evaporate in the evaporator and promotes the generation of cold by evaporating in the evaporating heat exchanger. There is a risk of causing a situation in which the cooling function cannot be effectively exhibited.

  On the other hand, it is conceivable to control the supply of condensed water from the condenser to the evaporator by means of an electromagnetic pump, solenoid valve, or the like, but this requires external driving energy such as electric power. Therefore, a float plug is used as a means for supplying condensed water without using external driving energy, and when a predetermined amount of condensed water accumulates, it floats and opens by its buoyancy, which causes the condensed water to flow down to the evaporator. It is possible to do so. However, even if such a float plug is used, the supply timing of the condensed water from the condenser to the evaporator cannot be accurately controlled by itself, and there is a possibility that the cold heat generation capability due to evaporation may be reduced as described above. . That is, when the water vapor evaporated in the evaporator is actively adsorbed in the adsorber, if the condensed water is poured into the evaporator vigorously from the condenser by open conversion, the condensed water flows into the evaporator. It evaporates at the site and evaporates at a site other than the evaporating heat exchanger that is originally intended to evaporate in the same manner as described above.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to condense the evaporator according to the adsorption state in the adsorber while eliminating the need for external drive energy for switching between opening and closing. Another object of the present invention is to provide a switchgear that can control the supply of condensed water from the vessel and an adsorption heat pump including the switchgear.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to the linkage operation type switching device, a pair of openings between the pair of adsorbers and the condenser or a pair of openings between the pair of the adsorbers and the evaporator is separately provided. A pair of gate valves that open and close in response to a partition differential pressure, and a float plug that switches the supply path of condensed water by switching the communication path from the upper condenser to the lower evaporator so as to be openable and closable. The gate valve is arranged symmetrically on both left and right positions of the float plug, and as the float plug, the communication path is closed by moving downward, while the communication path is lifted by receiving the buoyancy of condensed water. Each of the gate valves is provided with a valve portion that opens and closes the opening, and an operating arm that extends integrally from the valve portion to the float plug, and The middle part of the operating arm is around the horizontal axis Is swung rotatably supported, a configuration in which opening and closing operations by swinging rotated by the differential pressure to the valve unit. And each differential valve and the float plug, the differential pressure received in the valve portion when the gate valve swings and rotates to the fully open state is transmitted as a downward pressing force to the float plug via the operating arm, and With this pressing force, the float plug is linked so as to keep the communication path closed against the buoyancy of the condensed water (Claim 1).

  In the case of the present invention, for example, if it is a gate valve between the evaporator and the adsorber in which the adsorption process is performed, the adsorbate (for example, water vapor) evaporated in the evaporator is actively adsorbed at the beginning of the adsorption process. Therefore, the pressure difference between the evaporator that pushes up the gate valve and the adsorber increases, and the gate valve that receives the differential pressure based on this pressure difference in the valve portion swings to the fully open state. This swinging rotation causes the operating arm of the gate valve to apply a downward pressing force that keeps the communication path closed with respect to the float plug. For this reason, the condensed water is not dropped from the condenser to the evaporator, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of a situation that inhibits the generation of cold based on the evaporation in the evaporator. On the other hand, when the adsorption process proceeds and the adsorption capacity in the adsorber begins to saturate, the differential pressure becomes smaller and the gate valve swings and rotates to the closed side. Along with this, since the pressing force against the float plug is eliminated, the float plug is lifted by the buoyancy of the condensed water and the communication path is changed to the open state. Thereby, condensed water is dropped into the evaporator from the condenser side, and cold heat generation in the evaporator is continued by continuing evaporation. As described above, since the gate valve is switched on and off based on the differential pressure, external drive energy for switching the gate valve on and off may be unnecessary, while the differential pressure changes depending on the progress of adsorption in the adsorber. The gate valve is oscillated and rotated, and the open / close state of the float plug is changed in conjunction with the oscillating rotation of the gate valve so that the supply of condensed water from the condenser to the evaporator is made according to the progress of the adsorption process. It can be controlled.

  In the above invention, when the float plug receives a downward pressing force from the operating arm of the fully opened gate valve, the float passage maintains the communication path in a closed state in an elastically deformed state. A closed state maintaining member for maintaining the float plug in the closed state may be further provided until the elastic deformation state is restored to the elastic state even when swinging and rotating in the reverse direction with respect to the closed side from the fully open state ( Claim 2). By doing so, it is possible to maintain the float plug in the closed state from the time when the gate valve is fully opened to the time when the gate valve swings and rotates by a predetermined amount. Thereby, the supply control which shifts the supply start timing of the condensed water from the condenser with respect to an evaporator to the latter half of an adsorption | suction process can also be performed.

  In the above invention, the bottom portion of the condenser is formed with a recessed portion that is recessed downward to accumulate condensed water, and is connected to the bottom surface of the reservoir portion so that the upper end of the communication passage is opened. It can also be arranged so as to cover the upper end opening of the communicating path by being installed from above with respect to the pool part. In this way, when the float plug is opened, the condensed water is not dropped into the evaporator at once, but can be continuously dropped by a predetermined amount.

  Then, a pair of adsorbers in which the adsorption process and the desorption process are alternately switched, an evaporator for evaporating adsorbate to be adsorbed by the adsorber in the adsorption process, and an adsorption desorbed by the adsorber in the desorption process By employing an adsorption heat pump comprising a condenser for condensing the quality and the linkage operation type switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 (Claim 4), the above linkage operation type switching operation is performed. An adsorption heat pump that embodies the action based on the application of the apparatus can be realized.

  As described above, according to the linkage operation type switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a pair of openings between a pair of adsorbers and a condenser or a pair of adsorbers and an evaporator It is possible to eliminate the need for external drive energy for switching the opening and closing of the pair of gate valves that partition the pair of openings between the two. In addition, the float plug can be opened and closed in conjunction with the opening and closing operation of the gate valve that opens and closes based on the differential pressure. By the opening and closing operation of the float plug, the condensed water from the condenser to the evaporator can be opened and closed. Supply switching can be controlled. From the above, it becomes possible to control the supply of condensed water from the condenser to the evaporator according to the progress of adsorption in the adsorber, while eliminating the need for external drive energy for switching between opening and closing.

  In particular, according to claim 2, by providing the closed state maintaining member, it is possible to maintain the float plug in the closed state from the time when the gate valve is fully opened to the time when the gate valve swings and rotates by a predetermined amount. Thus, it is possible to perform supply control such that the supply start timing of the condensed water from the condenser to the evaporator is shifted to the latter half of the adsorption process.

  According to the third aspect, when the float plug is opened, it can be continuously dropped into the evaporator from the reservoir portion by a predetermined amount.

  Further, according to the adsorption heat pump of the fourth aspect, it is possible to obtain the effect based on the linkage operation type opening / closing device of any one of the first to third aspects.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a principle diagram showing an adsorption heat pump according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a housing, 2A and 2B are a pair of adsorbers, 3 is a condenser, and 4 is an evaporator. The pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B includes adsorbing / desorbing chambers 20A and 20B, which are independent sealed spaces partitioned by partition walls 51 and 52 that extend from the left and right sides of the housing 1 to the entire length in the vertical direction. This is composed of adsorption / desorption heat exchangers 21 and 21 arranged in the chambers 20A and 20B. Further, the condenser 3 is disposed on the upper part of the intermediate region in the left-right direction between the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B, and the evaporator 4 is partitioned on the lower part. The condenser 3 is independent. The condensing chamber 30 formed into a sealed space and the condensing heat exchanger 31 built in the condensing chamber 30, and the evaporator 4 is similarly formed as an independent sealed space, and the evaporation chamber 40. And an evaporating heat exchanger 41 built-in. The housing 1 is maintained in a substantially vacuum state by an unillustrated vacuum pump or the like, and a required amount of adsorbate such as water, alcohol, ammonia or the like is enclosed therein. Hereinafter, the description will be continued assuming that water is enclosed as an adsorbate.

  Adsorbents such as zeolite, silica gel or activated carbon are fixed on the outer surfaces of the adsorption / desorption heat exchangers 21 and 21 constituting the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B. Although not shown, each adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 21 is supplied with either a high-temperature (for example, 75 ° C.) heat medium or a low-temperature (for example, 32 ° C.) heat medium. A heat medium supply pipe is connected so as to be circulated and supplied as possible. That is, when a low-temperature heat medium is circulated and supplied to the adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 21, the adsorber 2 </ b> A or 2 </ b> B is an adsorption process in which the adsorbent on the outer surface is cooled and adsorbs water vapor that is a gaseous adsorbate. Conversely, when a high-temperature heat medium is circulated and supplied, the adsorber 2A or 2B performs a desorption process for desorbing (separating) water vapor that has already been adsorbed by the adsorbent.

  A heat medium supply pipe (not shown) that circulates and supplies a heat medium having a predetermined temperature (for example, 32 ° C.) for condensing operation is connected to the heat exchanger 31 for condensing constituting the condenser 3. Further, a heating medium supply pipe (not shown) for circulating and supplying a heating medium at a predetermined temperature (for example, 20 ° C.) for the evaporation operation is connected to the evaporation heat exchanger 41 constituting the evaporator 4.

  The partition wall 51 is formed with a recess 511 that is recessed toward the center of the housing 1, and the partition wall 52 is similarly formed with a recess 521 that is recessed toward the center of the housing 1. An opening 512 for communicating the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A and the condensation chamber 30 is formed above the recess 511, while an opening 522 for communicating the adsorption / desorption chamber 20B and the condensation chamber 30 is formed above the recess 521. Has been. The openings 512 and 522 are provided with gate valves V1 and V2 for feeding water vapor desorbed from the adsorber 2A or 2B to the condenser 3, respectively. An opening 513 for communicating the evaporation chamber 40 and the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A is formed below the recess 511, while an opening 523 for communicating the evaporation chamber 40 and the adsorption / desorption chamber 20B is formed in the recess 521. It is formed on the upper side. The openings 513 and 523 are provided with gate valves V3 and V4 for sending water vapor, which is a gaseous adsorbate evaporated from the evaporation chamber 40, to the adsorber 2A or 2B for adsorption. Further, the bottom of the condensing chamber 30 is partitioned and formed with a reservoir 32 that is recessed so as to penetrate the left and right of the concave portions 511 and 521 from the condensing chamber 30 toward the evaporation chamber 40. A float plug 6 is provided inside. The float plug 6 is condensed in the condenser 3 by opening and closing a communication hole 33 as a communication passage penetrating the bottom surface of the reservoir portion 32 in the vertical direction in conjunction with opening and closing operations of the gate valves V3 and V4. The condensed water, which is a liquid adsorbate, is dropped into the evaporator 4 at a predetermined timing. As will be described in detail later, the float stopper 6 and the pair of gate valves V3, V4 constitute the linkage operation type opening / closing device of the present invention.

  The gate valves V1 and V2 are configured by flap-type backflow prevention valves that open and close in response to a differential pressure, respectively, and open to allow the flow of water vapor from the adsorber 2A or 2B in the desorption process to the condenser 3. The flow from the condenser 3 side in the reverse direction to the adsorber 2A or 2B is closed and prevented. That is, when the internal pressure of the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A or 20B becomes higher than that of the condensation chamber 30 due to the water vapor desorbed by the adsorber 2A or 2B in the desorption process, the gate valves V1 and V2 have a differential pressure corresponding to the increase in the internal pressure. In response to this, the desorbed water vapor flows upward through the opening 512 or 522 to the condensation chamber 30 side (see V2 in FIG. 1), and conversely the internal pressure on the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A or 20B side is that of the condensation chamber 30. If the pressure is lower than that, it closes downward by the action of the differential pressure and its own weight to prevent backflow from the condensation chamber 30 to the adsorption / desorption chambers 20A and 20B (see V1 in FIG. 1).

  The gate valves V3 and V4 are each constituted by a flap type backflow prevention valve that opens and closes by receiving a differential pressure, while the float plug 6 is closed against the buoyancy of the condensed water in the reservoir 32 by the opening and closing operation. It can be maintained or opened and converted at a predetermined timing. That is, as the opening / closing operation based on the differential pressure, if the condensed water evaporates in the evaporator 4 and the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 40 becomes higher than that of the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A or 20B, the difference in the increase in internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 40 The water vapor that has been opened upward under pressure is allowed to flow through the openings 513 or 523 to the adsorption / desorption chambers 20A and 20B (see V3 in FIG. 1), and conversely in the adsorber 2A or 2A in the desorption process, Since the internal pressure of the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A or 20B is higher than that of the evaporation chamber 40, it closes downward due to the differential pressure and the action of its own weight to prevent backflow from the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A, 20B side to the evaporation chamber 40. (See V4 in FIG. 1).

  As shown in detail in FIG. 2A, the gate valves V3 and V4 are integrally provided with flap valve portions 71 and 81, which are valve portions, and operating arms 72 and 82. The intermediate portions 72 and 82 are supported by the support portions 9 and 9 so as to be swingable with respect to the side walls (or peripheral walls) 321 and 322 constituting the accumulation portion 32. The gate valves V3 and V4 swing around the support portions 9 and 9 so that the flap valve portions 71 and 81 open and close the openings 513 and 523, while the end portions of the operating arms 72 and 82 are The float plug 6 is switched between open and closed by contacting and separating from the upper end surface of the float main body 61 of the float plug 6. Each of the support portions 9 is configured to support the operating arms 72 and 82 so as to swing and rotate about a horizontal axis, and also serves as a seal between the condensing chamber 30 and the adsorption / desorption chambers 20A and 20B. ing. As a specific example, as shown in detail in FIG. 2 (b), each support portion 9 includes support pieces 91, 91 made of rubber or the like having a V-shaped or Y-shaped cross section, and an operating arm 72. , 82 are sandwiched from above and below, and each support piece 91 and the operating arms 72, 82 are joined together by means such as adhesion.

  The float plug 6 includes a float body 61 having a hollow inside, a guide protrusion 62 projecting downward so as to be inserted into the communication hole 33 from the lower end surface of the float body 61, and the periphery of the communication hole 33. And an elastic seal member 63 such as an O-ring fixed to the lower end surface of the float main body 61 so as to surround. The guide protrusion 62 is set to have a small diameter so as to leave a predetermined gap from the communication hole 33 and guides the float plug 6 to move up and down in a stable posture when the float plug 6 floats and sinks in the vertical direction. On the other hand, when the float plug 6 is open-converted, the condensed water W in the reservoir portion 32 can be adjusted so as to continuously flow down to the communication hole 33 by a predetermined small amount. Further, the elastic seal member 63 evaporates from the condensation chamber 30 side while maintaining the communication hole 33 in a closed state until it is elastically restored from the flat elastic deformation state to the original circular cross section as will be described later. The supply of the condensed water W to the chamber 40 is cut off. The elastic seal member 63 constitutes a closed state maintaining member.

  Then, among the gate valves V3 and V4, the operating arm of the gate valve V3 or V4 (V3 in FIG. 2A) in the fully opened state (valve opening degree 100%; see V3 shown by a solid line in FIG. 2A) 72 or 82 (72 in FIG. 2A) abuts against the upper end surface of the float plug 6 and applies a downward pressure, so that the elastic seal member 63 is interposed between the float main body 61 and the bottom surface 323 of the reservoir portion 32. It is maintained in a closed state (plug opening degree 0%) sandwiched and elastically deformed into a flat shape. Conversely, the operating arms 72 and 82 (82 in the figure) of the gate valves V3 and V4 (V4 in the figure) in the fully closed state (the valve opening degree 0%; see V4 indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2A). Will move upward from the float plug 6. The closed state of the float plug 6, that is, the state in which the communication hole 33 is closed and the flow is blocked, is maintained from the fully open state to the intermediate open / close state between the fully open state and the fully closed state. Until V4 is in the fully closed state, the float plug 6 shifts from the closed state to the open state, and the plug opening gradually increases. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (c) for the gate valve V3, when the gate valve V3 is fully open, the elastic seal member 63 is elastically deformed (see the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 2). When V3 swings counterclockwise from the fully open state and reaches the intermediate swing state, the float plug 6 floats due to the buoyancy of the condensed water as the operating arm 72 swings, and the elastic seal member 63 returns to its original state. It will be elastically restored to a circular cross-sectional shape (see the state indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure). Until this stage, the closed state of the float plug 6 is maintained. After that, until the gate valve V3 further swings counterclockwise and the opening 513 is closed, the float plug 6 rises as the end of the operating arm 72 moves further upward. Becomes larger. In the illustrated example, the gate valves V3 and V4 have a cross-sectional shape bent in a dogleg shape at the boundary between the flap valve portions 71 and 81 and the operating arms 72 and 82. Not limited to this, it may be configured with a straight cross-sectional shape.

  An operation for taking out the cold based on the adsorption refrigeration cycle using the above adsorption heat pump will be described. This operation enables continuous cooling and taking out by a batch processing system in which the adsorption process and the desorption process are alternately switched by the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B. That is, as a batch process in a certain cycle, an adsorption process is performed with one adsorber (for example, 2A) upon receiving the supply of vapor evaporated from the evaporator 4, and a desorption process is performed with the other adsorber 2B. The desorbed water vapor is supplied to the condenser 3 to be condensed, and in the batch processing of the next cycle, the steps in the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B are switched to each other and the desorption step is performed in the adsorber 2A. At the same time, the adsorption process is performed in the adsorber 2B. That is, in the adsorber 2A, the water vapor adsorbed in the previous cycle is desorbed and supplied to the condenser 3, and in the adsorber 2B, the water vapor from the evaporator 4 is supplied to the adsorbent after desorption in the previous cycle. It is adsorbed. Such a cycle is repeated alternately. By doing in this way, the evaporation in the evaporator 4 and the condensation in the condenser 3 are continuously performed, and the heat medium circulated and supplied to the evaporator 4 is cooled by the evaporation heat and returned. The cold heat can be continuously taken out by the cooled heat medium.

  The relationship between the valve openings of the gate valves V1, V2, V3, V4 and the opening of the float plug 6 during such operation will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the valve opening states of the gate valves V1, V2, V3, and V4 are indicated by solid lines, and the plug opening state of the float plug 6 is indicated by an alternate long and short dash line. For example, in the cycle 1 in which the adsorption process is performed by the adsorber 2A (simply indicated as “A” in the figure) and the desorption process is performed by the adsorber 2B (simply indicated as “B” in the figure), the gate valve V1 is fully closed. On the other hand, the gate valve V2 is initially fully opened, but gradually shifts to the closed side and reaches the fully closed state. Further, the gate valve V3 is first fully opened and gradually shifts to the closed side, and finally reaches the fully closed state, while the gate valve V4 is maintained in the fully closed state. The state of the float plug 6 in the cycle 1 and the supply of the condensed water W to the evaporator 4 are as follows. That is, the float plug 6 remains in the closed state (plug opening degree 0%) from the time when the gate valve V3 is in the fully opened state until the gate valve V3 moves to the closed side and reaches the intermediate swing state. Until the fully closed state, the float plug 6 gradually increases the opening degree of the plug until the fully closed state. For this reason, in the first half of cycle 1, the float plug 6 is kept closed and no condensed water W is supplied from the condenser 3 to the evaporator 4, but in the second half of the cycle 1, the float plug 6 is opened. Thus, the condensed water W can flow into the evaporator 4 from the pool portion 32 of the condenser 3, and the supply of the condensed water W becomes the maximum amount at the end of the cycle 1.

  Looking at this change in relation to the state of the evaporation-adsorption process between the evaporator 4 and the adsorber 2A in the adsorption process, at the beginning of the cycle 1, the adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 2 of the adsorber 2A is used. Since the adsorbent is in an unadsorbed state, the adsorption capacity is the highest, and the pressure of water vapor from the evaporator 4 side adsorbed thereto, that is, the differential pressure that pushes up the gate valve V3 upward is the largest, so the gate valve V3 Is fully open. Then, as the adsorption of water vapor to the adsorbent of the adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 21 of the adsorber 2A progresses, the adsorbing capacity also decreases. Therefore, as the cycle 1 proceeds, the gate valve V3 from the evaporator 4 is pushed up. The differential pressure also decreases, and the gate valve V3 gradually swings to the closing side. In the first half of the cycle 1, the float plug 6 is maintained in the closed state, and the condensed water W is not newly dropped into the evaporator. Therefore, the evaporation by the evaporation heat exchanger 41 in the evaporator 4 is performed. There is no hindrance to cooling. Then, when entering the latter half of the cycle 1, the float plug 6 opens as the gate valve V3 swings closed, and the condensed water W is supplied to the evaporation heat exchanger 41 of the evaporator 4, and the supplied condensed water is supplied. It will be evaporated by the evaporator 4. By evaporating the supplied condensed water, it is possible to continue the extraction of the cold heat by the evaporating heat exchanger 41 even in the latter half of the cycle 1.

  Then, when the next cycle 2 (the adsorber 2A is the desorption process and the adsorber 2B is the adsorption process) is entered by the process switching, the gate valve V1 gradually shifts from the fully opened state to the closed side, and the gate valve V2 enters the closed state. The gate valve V3 is maintained in the closed state, and the gate valve V4 is first fully opened in the same manner as the gate valve V3 in the cycle 1, gradually moves to the closed side, and finally reaches the fully closed state. Become. Also in this case, the float plug 6 is maintained in the closed state in the first half of the cycle 2 and gradually opened to the fully opened state in the second half in accordance with the change from the fully open to the fully closed state based on the swing of the gate valve V4. Water W is supplied to the evaporator 4. Thereafter, the adsorption and desorption process switching is performed between the cycle 3, the cycle 4,... And the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B, and the processes of the cycle 1 and the cycle 2 are repeated.

  As described above, the supply of condensed water from the condenser 3 to the evaporator 4 can be controlled in accordance with the change in the adsorption capacity of the adsorber 2A or 2B in the adsorption process. Thus, it is possible to efficiently generate cold heat by evaporation.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 4 shows gate valves V5 and V6 that communicate and block between the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B and the condenser 3, and a float plug 6 that opens and closes in conjunction with opening and closing operations of the gate valves V5 and V6. The adsorption | suction heat pump which concerns on 2nd Embodiment in which the linkage operation type | formula switchgear of this invention was comprised by combination of these is shown.

  The adsorption heat pump according to the present embodiment partitions the upper and lower side portions of the housing 1 by partition walls 53 and 54 extending in the left-right direction to form a sealed space, so that the condenser 3 is disposed in the upper portion and the evaporator is disposed in the lower portion. 4 and the adsorbers 2A and 2B are respectively arranged on the left and right side portions by partitioning the vertical intermediate portion between the two partition walls 53 and 54 by the partition wall 55 extending in the vertical direction into a sealed space. It is set. The condenser 3 includes a condensing chamber 30 and a condensing heat exchanger 31, the evaporator 4 includes an evaporating chamber 40 and an evaporating heat exchanger 41, and the adsorbers 2A and 2B are adsorbing / desorbing chambers 20A and 20B. And adsorption / desorption heat exchangers 21 and 21 to which the adsorbent is fixed, respectively, are configured, and the housing 1 is maintained in a substantially vacuum state and adsorbate (for example, water) is enclosed. The heat exchangers 21 and 21 are switched between adsorption and desorption by switching the circulation supply of the heat medium of two types to the heat exchangers 21 and 21, and the heat medium of a predetermined temperature is circulated in the heat exchangers 31 and 41. The supplied points are the same as in the first embodiment.

  In the partition wall 53, an opening 531 for communicating the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A and the condensation chamber 30 and an opening 532 for communicating the adsorption / desorption chamber 20B and the condensation chamber 30 are formed. The openings 531 and 532 are provided with gate valves V5 and V6 for sending water vapor desorbed from the adsorber 2A or 2B to the condenser 3 for condensation. Further, the partition wall 54 is formed with an opening 541 for communicating the evaporation chamber 40 and the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A, and an opening 542 for communicating the evaporation chamber 40 and the adsorption / desorption chamber 20B. The openings 541 and 542 are provided with gate valves V7 and V8 for sending water vapor, which is a gaseous adsorbate evaporated from the evaporation chamber 40, to the adsorber 2A or 2B for adsorption. Further, a reservoir 32 that is recessed downward from the partition wall 53 is defined on the bottom surface of the condensing chamber 30, and the float plug 6 is provided in the reservoir 32. The reservoir 32 is connected to a communication pipe 34 as a communication path that opens at the bottom of the reservoir 32 and passes through the partition wall 54 at the lower end and opens above the evaporation heat exchanger 41 in the evaporation chamber 40. The float plug 6 opens and closes the communication pipe 34 in conjunction with the opening and closing operations of the gate valves V5 and V6, thereby evaporating condensed water, which is a liquid adsorbate condensed by the condenser 3, at a predetermined timing. It is designed to drop into the vessel 4.

  The gate valves V5 and V6 have the same configuration as the gate valves V3 and V4 (see FIG. 2) in the first embodiment, and include flap valve portions 71 and 81 and operating arms 72 and 82, respectively. 9 is supported so as to be swingable with respect to the side wall or the peripheral wall constituting the pool portion 32. Further, the configuration of the float plug 6 and the relationship of the linkage operation between the float plug 6 and the gate valves V5 and V6 are configured similarly to the relationship between the float plug 6 and the gate valves V3 and V4 in the first embodiment. . Further, the gate valves V7 and V8 have the same configuration as that of the gate valves V1 and V2 in the first embodiment, and are configured by flap type backflow prevention valves that open and close by receiving differential pressure, respectively. 4 opens to allow the flow of water vapor to the adsorber 2A or 2B in the adsorption process, but closes and prevents the flow from the side of the adsorber 2A or 2B in the reverse direction to the evaporator 4. It has become. That is, when the internal pressure of the evaporation chamber 40 becomes higher than that of the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A or 20B due to the water vapor evaporated by the evaporator 4, the gate valves V7 and V8 receive the differential pressure corresponding to the increase in the internal pressure and open upward. Then, the evaporated water vapor flows through the opening 541 or 542 to the adsorption / desorption chambers 20A and 2B (see V8 in FIG. 4), and conversely, the internal pressure on the adsorption / desorption chamber 20A or 20B side is higher than that of the evaporation chamber 40. When it becomes higher, it closes downward by the action of the differential pressure and its own weight to prevent backflow from the adsorption / desorption chambers 20A, 20B to the evaporation chamber 40 side (see V7 in FIG. 4).

  In the case of this second embodiment, the operation for taking out cold heat based on the adsorption refrigeration cycle is switched alternately between the adsorption process and the desorption process by a pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B, as in the case of the first embodiment. A continuous cold extraction is performed by the batch processing method. That is, as a batch process in a certain cycle, an adsorption process is performed with one adsorber (for example, 2A) upon receiving the supply of vapor evaporated from the evaporator 4, and a desorption process is performed with the other adsorber 2B. The desorbed water vapor is supplied to the condenser 3 to be condensed, and in the batch processing of the next cycle, the steps in the pair of adsorbers 2A and 2B are switched to each other and the desorption step is performed in the adsorber 2A. At the same time, the adsorption process is performed in the adsorber 2B. That is, in the adsorber 2A, the water vapor adsorbed in the previous cycle is desorbed and supplied to the condenser 3, and in the adsorber 2B, the water vapor from the evaporator 4 is supplied to the adsorbent after desorption in the previous cycle. It is adsorbed. Such a cycle is repeated alternately. By doing in this way, the evaporation in the evaporator 4 and the condensation in the condenser 3 are continuously performed, and the heat medium circulated and supplied to the evaporator 4 is cooled by the evaporation heat and returned. The cold heat can be continuously taken out by the cooled heat medium.

  The relationship between the valve opening degree of the gate valves V5, V6, V7, V8 and the opening degree of the float plug 6 during the operation will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the valve opening states of the gate valves V5, V6, V7, and V8 are indicated by solid lines, and the plug opening state of the float plug 6 is indicated by an alternate long and short dash line. For example, in the cycle 1 in which the desorption process is performed with the adsorber 2A (simply indicated as “A” in the figure) and the adsorbing process is performed with the adsorber 2B (simply indicated as “B” in the figure), the gate valve V5 is initially fully opened. However, it gradually shifts to the closed side and reaches the fully closed state, while the gate valve V6 is maintained in the fully closed state. Further, the gate valve V7 is maintained in the fully closed state, while the gate valve V8 is first fully opened, gradually moves to the closed side, and finally reaches the fully closed state. And the situation of the float plug 6 in this cycle 1 and the supply to the evaporator 4 of the condensed water W accompanying it are as follows. That is, the float plug 6 remains in the closed state (plug opening degree 0%) from the time when the gate valve V5 is in the fully open state until it shifts to the closed side and reaches the intermediate swing state. Until the fully closed state, the float plug 6 gradually increases the opening degree of the plug until the fully closed state. For this reason, in the first half of cycle 1, the float plug 6 is kept closed and no condensed water W is supplied from the condenser 3 to the evaporator 4, but in the second half of the cycle 1, the float plug 6 is opened. Thus, the condensed water W can flow from the reservoir 32 of the condenser 3 to the evaporator 4 through the communication pipe 34, and the supply of the condensed water W becomes the maximum amount at the end of the cycle 1.

  Looking at the above changes in relation to the situation of the desorption-condensation process by the adsorber 2A in the desorption process and the condenser 3 in which the water vapor after desorption is condensed, at the beginning of the cycle 1, the adsorber Since it is desorbed from the state fully adsorbed in the previous cycle by the adsorbent of the 2A adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 2, water vapor is actively desorbed, and the pressure of the water vapor, that is, the gate valve V5 is pushed upward. Since the differential pressure becomes the largest, the gate valve V5 is fully opened. Since the desorption amount decreases as the desorption from the adsorbent of the adsorption / desorption heat exchanger 21 of the adsorber 2A proceeds, the differential pressure that pushes up the gate valve V5 also decreases as the cycle 1 proceeds. The gate valve V5 gradually swings to the closing side. In the first half of the cycle 1, the float plug 6 is maintained in the closed state, and the condensed water W is not newly dropped into the evaporator. Therefore, the evaporation by the evaporation heat exchanger 41 in the evaporator 4 is performed. There is no hindrance to cooling. Then, in the second half of the cycle 1, the float plug 6 opens as the gate valve V5 closes and the condensed water W is supplied to the evaporation heat exchanger 41 of the evaporator 4 through the communication pipe 34. The condensed water is evaporated by the evaporator 4. By evaporating the supplied condensed water, it is possible to continue the extraction of the cold heat by the evaporating heat exchanger 41 even in the latter half of the cycle 1.

  When the next cycle 2 (the adsorber 2A is the adsorption process and the adsorber 2B is the desorption process) is entered by the process switching, the gate valve V5 is kept closed, and the gate valve V6 is the same as the gate valve V5 in cycle 1. The valve gradually shifts from the first fully opened state to the closed side, the gate valve V7 is first fully opened, gradually shifts to the closed side, and finally reaches the fully closed state, and the gate valve V8 maintains the closed state. It will be. In this case, the float plug 6 is maintained in the closed state in the first half of the cycle 2 and gradually opened to the fully opened state in the second half in accordance with the change from the fully open to the fully closed state based on the swing of the gate valve V6. Water W is supplied to the evaporator 4. Thereafter, desorption and adsorption processes are switched between cycle 3, cycle 4,... And the pair of adsorbers 2A, 2B, and the processes of cycle 1 and cycle 2 are repeated.

  In each of the above cycles, the change in the desorption state in the adsorber 2A or 2B in the desorption process has the same tendency as the change in the adsorption capacity of the adsorber 2B or 2A in the adsorption process. It is possible to control the supply of condensed water from the condenser 3 to the evaporator 4, and as a result, it is possible to efficiently generate cold heat by evaporation in the evaporator 4 as in the first embodiment.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments described above, but includes other various embodiments. That is, in the first or second embodiment, the support portion 9 including the support pieces 91 and 91 is used as the swing support of the gate valves V3, V4 or V5 and V6 for linking the float plug 6. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be simply pivotally supported around the horizontal axis.

  Moreover, although the case where the elastic sealing member 63 was used as a closed state maintenance member was shown in the said embodiment, it is not restricted to this, For example, either the edge part of the operation arms 72 and 82 and the upper end surface of the float plug 6 An elastic member attached to one side may be used. As such an elastic member, when the gate valve is fully opened, it is sandwiched between the end portions of the operating arms 72 and 82 and the upper end surface of the float plug 6 and elastically deforms, and the gate valve swings to the closed side. In this case, the elastic restoration is performed, and while the elastic deformation is restored from the elastic deformation state, a downward pressing force is applied to the float plug 6 so as to be maintained in the closed state.

It is a schematic diagram of the end surface state which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention. 2 (a) is an enlarged view of the float plug and the like of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (b) is a partially enlarged view of the support part of FIG. 2 (a), and FIG. 2 (c) is FIG. 2 (a). It is an enlarged view of the elastic seal member etc. It is a time chart which shows the opening degree change of each gate valve and the float stopper in each cycle of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure corresponding to FIG. 1 which shows 2nd Embodiment. It is a time chart which shows the opening degree change of each gate valve and the float stopper in each cycle of 2nd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

2A, 2B Adsorber 3 Condenser 4 Evaporator 6 Float plug (interlocking switchgear)
9 Support part 32 Reservoir part 33 Communication hole (communication path)
34 Communication pipe (communication passage)
63 Elastic seal member (closed state maintaining member)
71,81 Flap valve part (valve part)
72, 82 Actuating arms 513, 523, 531, 532 Opening V3, V4, V5, V6 Gate valve (linkage-operated switchgear)

Claims (4)

A pair of gate valves for opening and closing a pair of openings between the pair of adsorbers and the condenser or a pair of openings between the pair of the adsorbers and the evaporator separately by receiving a partition differential pressure, and the upper condensation A float plug that switches the supply of condensed water by switching the communication path from the evaporator to the lower evaporator so that it can be opened and closed,
The pair of gate valves are arranged symmetrically at both left and right positions of the float plug,
The float plug is disposed to close the communication path by moving downward, and to open the communication path by floating by receiving the buoyancy of condensed water.
Each of the gate valves includes a valve portion that opens and closes the opening, and an operating arm that integrally extends from the valve portion to the float plug, and an intermediate portion of the operating arm can swing and rotate about a horizontal axis. Supported and configured to open and close by swinging and rotating upon receiving the differential pressure on the valve portion,
Each of the gate valves and the float plugs transmits a differential pressure received by the valve portion as a downward pressing force to the float plugs via the operating arm when the gate valve is swung to the fully opened state. A linkage actuated switchgear characterized in that the float plug is linked by pressure to keep the communication path closed against the buoyancy of the condensed water. The linkage operation type opening and closing device according to claim 1,
When the float plug receives a downward pressing force from the operating arm of the gate valve in the fully opened state, the communication passage is kept in the closed state in an elastically deformed state, while the gate valve is closed from the fully opened state to the closed side. In contrast, the linkage-operated switchgear is provided with a closed state maintaining member that maintains the float plug in a closed state until it is elastically restored from the elastically deformed state even if it is swung in the opposite direction. It is a linkage actuated switchgear according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The bottom of the condenser is formed with a recessed portion that is recessed downward to collect condensed water, and is connected to the bottom of the reservoir so that the upper end of the communication path opens.
The float-operated opening / closing device, wherein the float plug is installed from above with respect to the pool portion so as to cover the upper end opening of the communication path. A pair of adsorbers in which the adsorption process and the desorption process are alternately switched, an evaporator for evaporating the adsorbate to be adsorbed by the adsorber in the adsorption process, and an adsorbate desorbed by the adsorber in the desorption process An adsorption heat pump comprising a condenser to be condensed and the linkage operation type opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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