JP2009174700A - Gas tank - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gas tank capable of restraining the outflow of high concentration gas in a short time, while securing sufficient strength. <P>SOLUTION: In the gas tank 11, the outer peripheral side of a liner 12 attached with a base member 16 is covered with a fiber-reinforced resin layer 13. A vent layer 31 having a fine void generated between fibers included therein and communicating in the axial direction, is arranged in an inner layer part of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas tank that is filled with a gas such as hydrogen at a high pressure.

A high-pressure gas tank filled with gas such as hydrogen has a tank body in which the periphery of a liner molded from resin is covered with a fiber reinforced resin layer made of glass fiber, carbon fiber, or the like. A base member that can be connected is attached, and the tank body and the base member are sealed.
A container is also known in which a flow path is formed between an inner layer and an outer layer, and gas that has permeated through the inner layer is guided to the outside through the flow path (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-176885 A

By the way, in the gas tank, when a high-pressure gas is sealed, the gas may permeate the liner and stay between the liner and the fiber reinforced resin layer. For example, gas that has permeated through the liner in a high pressure state collects between the liner and the fiber reinforced resin layer, and when this state is reduced to a reduced pressure state, the liner and the fiber are removed from the gap between the liner and the base member where the seal is weakened due to pressure reduction A high-concentration gas accumulated between the reinforced resin layers flows out to the outside in a short time.
In this case, a flow path may be formed as in Patent Document 1, but in a gas tank filled with gas at a high pressure, if the flow path is formed in the fiber reinforced resin layer, the strength of the fiber reinforced resin layer decreases. Resulting in.

  Further, if high-pressure gas stays between the liner and the fiber reinforced resin layer, there is a concern that the liner may be deformed inward due to the pressure difference between the pressure of the staying gas and the liner internal pressure that occurs after gas release from the gas tank. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, suppresses outflow of a high concentration gas in a short time while ensuring sufficient strength, and prevents high-pressure gas between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer. It aims at providing the gas tank which can suppress the deformation | transformation of the liner by retention.

  In order to achieve the above object, a gas tank according to the present invention is a gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are laminated by a filament winding method on an outer peripheral side of a liner to which a cap member is attached, and an inner layer of the fiber reinforced layer. The portion is provided with a ventilation layer having fine voids formed between the fibers.

  According to such a configuration, the gas that has permeated through the liner in a high-pressure state does not collect between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer, but passes through the ventilation layer formed of fine voids formed between the fibers constituting the fiber reinforced layer. Is gradually discharged to the outside through the gap between the liner and the base member. As a result, compared with the case where grooves are formed in the fiber reinforced layer, the high concentration gas accumulated between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer is prevented from flowing out to the outside in a short time while ensuring sufficient strength. can do. Moreover, when the inside of a gas tank is decompressed, it can also suppress that a liner deform | transforms inside by the high pressure gas between a liner and a fiber reinforcement layer.

  Here, in the said structure, the aspect with which the neck part of the said base member has the hoop layer which carried out the hoop winding of the said fiber at least 1 layer or more is preferable.

  Further, in the above configuration, it is more preferable that the fiber reinforcing layer includes a hoop layer in which at least one layer of the fiber is hoop-wound, and a helical layer in which the fiber is helically wound on the hoop layer. .

  Furthermore, in the said structure, it is preferable that the thickness of the fiber which forms the said hoop layer is thicker than the thickness of the fiber which forms the said helical layer.

  The gas tank according to the present invention is a gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are laminated by a filament winding method on the outer peripheral side of a liner to which a base member is attached, and a plurality of grooves are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the liner. It is characterized by being.

  Here, in the above configuration, it is preferable that the fiber reinforcing layer has a hoop layer in which at least one layer of the fiber is hoop-wound and a helical layer in which the fiber is helically wound on the hoop layer. .

  Furthermore, in the said structure, it is preferable that the thickness of the fiber which forms the said hoop layer is thicker than the thickness of the fiber which forms the said helical layer.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are wound and laminated on an outer peripheral surface of a liner to which a base member is attached, and a porous fiber is formed on a part of the fibers of the fiber reinforced layer It is characterized in that fibers are used.

  According to the present invention, the gas that has permeated the liner is guided through the porous fibers of the fiber reinforced layer and gradually released to the outside, so that high-pressure gas is prevented from accumulating between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer. it can. Thereby, the malfunction that the high concentration gas collected between the liner and the fiber reinforcement layer flows out to the exterior at a stretch can be suppressed. In addition, since the fiber reinforced layer includes porous fibers, for example, sufficient strength can be ensured as compared with a case where a groove is formed in the fiber reinforced layer. Furthermore, when the inside of the gas tank is depressurized, the liner can be prevented from being deformed inward by the high-pressure gas between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer.

  Further, the porous fiber may be wound around the outer peripheral surface of the liner by a filament winding method, and may be connected to the outer peripheral layer from the inner peripheral layer of the fiber reinforced layer. In such a case, the gas that has passed through the liner is reliably guided to the outside through the porous fiber.

  Moreover, the said fiber reinforcement layer contains resin, The thing which resin of the said fiber reinforcement layer does not permeate | transmit may be used for the said porous fiber. In such a case, it is possible to prevent the gas flow path made of porous fibers from being clogged with the resin.

  Moreover, the volume ratio of the porous fiber in the fiber reinforced layer may be set in a range of 0.1% to 10%. In such a case, it is possible to ensure sufficient strength of the fiber reinforced layer while appropriately guiding the gas that has passed through the liner to the outside.

 According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are wound and laminated on an outer peripheral surface of a liner to which a base member is attached, and bubbles are formed in the entire fiber reinforced layer. It is characterized by.

  In addition, the bubbles may be formed by winding a fiber having a foamed resin or volatile particles attached around the outer peripheral surface of the liner by a filament wiping method, and then heating the fiber.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers impregnated with a resin are wound and laminated on an outer peripheral surface of a liner to which a base member is attached, and microcracks are formed in the fiber reinforced layer. It is characterized by.

  In addition, a low toughness material may be used for the resin, and the microcracks may be formed during a pressure test of the gas tank.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the outflow of a high-concentration gas in a short time while ensuring sufficient strength, and to suppress deformation of the liner due to retention of high-pressure gas between the liner and the fiber reinforced layer. it can.

  Hereinafter, a gas tank according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a gas tank 11 for filling and storing a high-pressure gas (for example, hydrogen gas) inside, and this gas tank 11 is made of glass fiber, carbon fiber, or the like on the outer peripheral side of a liner 12 made of synthetic resin. A tank body 14 having a configuration covered with a fiber reinforced resin layer (fiber reinforced layer) 13 is provided. The liner 12 constituting the tank main body 14 is formed by abutting a pair of liner divided bodies 12a with each other and joining them together by laser welding or the like.

  At both ends of the tank body 14, a base member 16 is attached to a mouth portion 15 formed on the liner 12, and the side having the base member 16 to which the valve can be attached is a valve side, and the opposite side is an end side. Has been.

Next, the structure of the attachment location of the base member 16 to the liner 12 will be described taking the valve side as an example.
As shown in FIG. 2, the mouth portion 15 of the liner 12 includes an inner extension portion 18 that extends from the inner end edge of the shoulder portion 17 while being inclined so as to be located on the inner side of the liner 12 toward the center axis line side. The inner extending portion 18 has a cylindrical fitted portion 19 that protrudes into the liner 12 along the axial direction of the liner 12 from the side opposite to the shoulder portion 17. The inside is a mouth 15. Further, an insert ring 20 for tightening an O-ring (not shown) mounted between the fitted portion 19 and a fitting portion 23 described later is integrally provided on the outer periphery of the fitted portion 19.

  The base member 16 is formed with a through hole 21 having a constant diameter at the center, and a flange portion (neck portion) 22 is formed at an intermediate portion on the outer periphery, and a protruding portion inside the liner 12 from the flange portion 22 is formed. The fitting portion 23 is used. Here, the base member 16 is attached to the liner 12 by being press-fitted into and fitted into the fitted portion 19 until the flange portion 22 comes into contact with the inner extending portion 18.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3, a ventilation layer 31 is formed between the liner 12 and the base member 16 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. The ventilation layer 31 is composed of an inner layer portion of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 that comes into contact with the liner 12 and the cap member 16, and has fine voids generated between the fibers for forming the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. Yes. Thereby, in the tank main body 14, the air-permeable layer 31 communicates with both ends of the tank main body 14 at the contact point between the liner 12 and the base member 16.

Next, how to form the ventilation layer 31 in the gas tank 11 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the fiber S1 is combined (hoop-wound) by the filament winding method on the outer peripheral surface including the flange portion 22 of the base member 16 with the liner 12 to which the base member 16 is attached. Wrap. At this time, as the fiber S1 to be wound, a fiber whose content is suppressed by reducing the resin content or twisting it is used. In addition, it is preferable that at least one or more layers of fibers S1 are wound around the outer peripheral surface including the flange portion 22 of the base member 16 by a filament winding method.

As described above, when the fiber S1 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the liner 12 and the flange portion 22 of the base member 16 while suppressing widening, the sufficiently widened fiber S2 is filamented as shown in FIGS. Wind tightly with helical winding by winding method. Specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), high-angle helical winding is performed in a spiral manner at a high angle with respect to the axial direction, and thereafter, as shown in FIG. A low-angle helical winding is performed in which a spiral is wound at a low angle with respect to the direction.
In addition, the part except the flange part 22 of the nozzle | cap | die member 16 winds the fiber S2 by hoop winding. However, about the said part, you may wind the fiber S2 by helical winding.

When the fibers S1 and S2 are wound, the fibers S1 and S2 are cured by heating to form the fiber reinforced resin layer 13.
In this way, as shown in FIG. 5, the combined fiber S1 that suppresses widening and the first layer portion of the fiber S2 that is sufficiently widened and helically wound have fine voids P along the fiber S1. It becomes the ventilation layer 31 which has. In other words, the thickness of the combined wound fiber S1 is made larger than the thickness of the helically wound fiber S2, so that the ventilation layer 31 having fine voids P along the fiber S1 is obtained.

  Thus, according to the gas tank concerning the above-mentioned embodiment, the gas which permeate | transmitted the liner 12 in the high pressure state does not accumulate between the liner 12 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13, but comprises the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. The air is gradually discharged to the outside through a ventilation layer 31 composed of fine voids P communicating between the fibers S1 and S2 in the axial direction. Thereby, when it becomes pressure reduction, the malfunction which the high concentration gas collected between the liner 12 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 flows out outside in a short time can be suppressed.

  That is, since the fine air gap P communicating in the axial direction is generated between the fibers S1 and S2 constituting the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 to form the ventilation layer 31, compared with the case where the groove portion is formed in the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. Therefore, the strength is not lowered, and therefore, the outflow of the high-concentration gas in a short time can be suppressed while ensuring the sufficient strength.

  In the above example, the fine air gap P is formed in the inner layer portion of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 to form the air-permeable layer 31. However, as shown in FIG. A plurality of groove portions (grooves) 32 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the fibers S1 and S2 are wound around the outer periphery thereof as shown in FIG. In the meantime, as shown in FIG. 8, a ventilation layer 31 having a fine gap P composed of a plurality of grooves 32 may be formed.

  Further, the groove portion 32 may be formed in the liner 12, and further, the fiber S1 may be wound around the liner 12 while suppressing the widening, and then the fiber S2 may be helically wound after sufficiently widening. In this way, it is possible to obtain the gas tank 11 having the ventilation layer 31 having both the fine gap P along the fiber S1 and the fine gap P formed of the groove portion 32 of the liner 12. In addition, when the some groove part 32 is previously formed in the outer peripheral surface of the liner 12, you may form the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 using only any fiber of fiber S1, S2, and this fiber As for the winding method of S1 and S2, only one of combination winding and helical winding may be adopted.

  In the embodiment described above, the ventilation layer 31 is formed in the inner layer portion of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 or the groove portion 32 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the liner 12. You may make it use a porous fiber for a part.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, porous fiber S <b> 3 is put into a part of the fibers of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. For example, carbon fiber S4 is used for the other fibers. As the porous fiber S3, for example, one having a hole diameter through which a resin (for example, epoxy resin) of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 does not pass is used. Moreover, the volume ratio of the porous fiber S3 in the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 is set in the range of 0.1% to 10%, for example.

  According to this example, the gas that has passed through the liner 12 is gradually discharged to the outside through the porous fibers S3 of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. As a result, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of high-pressure gas between the liner 12 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. Thereby, for example, it is possible to suppress a problem that a high-concentration gas accumulated between the liner and the fiber reinforced resin layer flows out to the outside at once. Moreover, according to this example, the strength of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 can be secured. Furthermore, when the inside of the gas tank 11 is depressurized, the liner 12 can be prevented from being deformed inward by the high-pressure gas between the liner 12 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13.

  In the above example, since the porous fiber S3 does not allow the resin of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 to pass therethrough, the gas flow path by the porous fiber S3 is prevented from being clogged with the resin.

  Moreover, since the volume ratio of the porous fiber S3 in the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 is set in the range of 0.1% to 10%, the fiber reinforced resin is appropriately guided to the outside through the gas that has passed through the liner 12. A sufficient strength of the layer 13 can be ensured.

  In the above embodiment, the porous fiber S3 is wound by the filament winding method so as to be connected to the outer peripheral layer from the inner peripheral layer of the fiber reinforced resin layer S3 as shown in FIGS. May be. In such a case, the gas that has passed through the liner 12 is reliably guided from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the fiber reinforced resin layer S3 through the porous fibers S3, so that the gas that has passed through the liner 12 can be suitably discharged. it can.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the porous fiber layer was formed in a part of fiber reinforced resin layer 13, you may form a bubble in the whole fiber reinforced resin layer 13. FIG.

  In such a case, for example, when the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 is formed by the filament winding method, the fiber to which minute foamed resin or volatile particles are attached is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the liner 12. Thereafter, the fibers are cured by heating, and a large number of fine bubbles 50 are formed in the entire fiber reinforced resin layer 13 as shown in FIG.

 According to this example, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, the air passage by the bubbles 50 is formed in the fiber reinforced resin layer 13, so that the gas that has permeated the liner 12 passes through the resin reinforced fiber layer 13 and is quickly supplied to the gas tank. 1 is released to the outside. As a result, since the high-pressure gas is suppressed from being accumulated between the liner 12 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13, deformation, breakage, and the like of the liner 12 due to the high-pressure gas are prevented. Further, since the air passage is formed on the entire surface of the gas tank 1, the high-pressure gas is prevented from staying in the entire gas tank 1, and the quality of the gas tank 1 is improved.

  In the above embodiment, the bubbles 50 are formed in the fiber reinforced resin layer 13, but micro cracks may be formed in the fiber reinforced resin layer 13.

  In this case, when the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 is formed by the filament winding method, the resin impregnated with the fiber is a material having a low fracture toughness value, for example, an epoxy resin having a fracture toughness value of 2.0 MPa√ (m) or less. Is used. By doing so, a large number of microcracks 60 are formed in the resin portion of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 as shown in FIG.

  According to this example, since the distance between the microcracks 60 of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13 is short and gas easily permeates within the resin, the gas that has permeated the liner 12 is separated from the microcracks 60 of the fiber reinforced resin layer 13. Then, it passes through the resin between the microcracks 60 and is released to the outside of the gas tank 1. As a result, the high-pressure gas is prevented from accumulating between the liner 12 and the fiber reinforced resin layer 13, so that the liner 12 is prevented from being deformed or damaged by the high-pressure gas. Further, since the air passage is formed on the entire surface of the gas tank 1, the high-pressure gas is prevented from staying in the entire gas tank 1, and the quality of the gas tank 1 is improved.

It is sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of a gas tank. It is sectional drawing of the nozzle | cap | die part of a gas tank. It is a partial sectional view showing the structure of a gas tank. It is a perspective view which shows the winding process of the fiber of a gas tank, (a) is a figure which shows combination winding, (b) is a figure which shows high angle helical winding, (c) is a figure which shows low angle helical winding. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a ventilation layer part. It is a side view of the liner which formed the groove part. It is a side view of the tank main body of the state which wound the fiber around the liner. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a ventilation layer part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of a tank main body when a tank main body is seen from the circumferential direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the partial cross section of a tank main body when a tank main body is seen from an axial direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of a tank main body when a tank main body is seen from the circumferential direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of a tank main body when a tank main body is seen from an axial direction. It is sectional drawing of a part of gas tank. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that gas passes through a fiber reinforced resin layer through a bubble. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that gas passes through a fiber reinforced resin layer through a micro crack.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gas tank, 12 ... Liner, 13 ... Fiber reinforced resin layer, 16 ... Base member, 31 ... Ventilation layer, 32 ... Groove part, P ... Air gap, S1, S2 ... Fiber.

Claims (15)

A gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are laminated by a filament winding method on the outer peripheral side of a liner to which a base member is attached,
A gas tank, wherein an inner layer portion of the fiber reinforced layer is provided with a ventilation layer having fine voids formed between fibers.   2. The gas tank according to claim 1, wherein a neck portion of the base member has a hoop layer in which at least one layer of the fiber is hoop-wound.   The said fiber reinforcement layer has the hoop layer which hoop-wrapped the said fiber at least 1 layer or more, and the helical layer which helically wound the said fiber on this hoop layer, The Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Gas tank.   The gas tank according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the fiber forming the hoop layer is thicker than the thickness of the fiber forming the helical layer. A gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are laminated by a filament winding method on the outer peripheral side of a liner to which a base member is attached,
A gas tank, wherein a plurality of grooves are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the liner.   The gas tank according to claim 5, wherein the fiber reinforced layer includes a hoop layer in which at least one layer of the fiber is hoop-wound, and a helical layer in which the fiber is helically wound on the hoop layer.   The gas tank according to claim 6, wherein a thickness of a fiber forming the hoop layer is thicker than a thickness of a fiber forming the helical layer. A gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are wound and laminated on an outer peripheral surface of a liner to which a base member is attached,
A gas tank, wherein porous fibers are used as a part of the fibers of the fiber reinforced layer.   The gas tank according to claim 8, wherein the porous fiber is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the liner by a filament winding method, and is connected to the outer peripheral layer from the inner peripheral layer of the fiber reinforced layer. . The fiber reinforced layer contains a resin,
10. The gas tank according to claim 8, wherein a resin that does not allow the resin of the fiber reinforced layer to permeate is used as the porous fiber. 11.   11. The gas tank according to claim 8, wherein a volume ratio of the porous fibers in the fiber reinforced layer is set in a range of 0.1% to 10%. A gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers are wound and laminated on an outer peripheral surface of a liner to which a base member is attached,
A gas tank, wherein air bubbles are formed in the entire fiber reinforced layer.   The air bubbles are formed by winding a fiber to which a foamed resin or volatile particles are attached around an outer peripheral surface of a liner by a filament wiping method, and then heating the fiber. Gas tank. A gas tank having a fiber reinforced layer in which fibers impregnated with a resin are wound around and laminated on an outer peripheral surface of a liner to which a base member is attached,
A gas tank, wherein microcracks are formed in the fiber reinforced layer.   The gas tank according to claim 14, wherein a low-toughness material is used for the resin, and the microcracks are formed during a pressure test of the gas tank.

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