JP2009168373A - Superheated steam apparatus - Google Patents

Superheated steam apparatus Download PDF

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JP2009168373A
JP2009168373A JP2008008418A JP2008008418A JP2009168373A JP 2009168373 A JP2009168373 A JP 2009168373A JP 2008008418 A JP2008008418 A JP 2008008418A JP 2008008418 A JP2008008418 A JP 2008008418A JP 2009168373 A JP2009168373 A JP 2009168373A
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steam
superheated steam
temperature
superheated
heat exchanger
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JP5086108B2 (en
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Shigeru Kuroki
茂 黒木
Noritoshi Ando
則俊 安藤
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SAMSON CO Ltd
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SAMSON CO Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superheated steam apparatus capable of reducing the waste of the heat quantity required to heat superheated steam while having high follow-up performance to the target temperature of superheated steam. <P>SOLUTION: The superheated steam apparatus is provided with a superheated steam heat exchanger 2, steam supply piping 1, superheated steam takeout piping 3, by-pass piping 4, a final steam temperature detector 5, a steam supply quantity control device 6, an intermediate steam temperature detector 7 and a heating quantity control device 10. When lowering the target temperature of superheated steam supplied to a superheated steam using part 9, control is performed to first increase the quantity of steam fed from the steam supply piping 1 to the by-pass piping 4 so that a final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detector 5 becomes the target temperature, and then to reduce the quantity of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 so that an intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detector 7 becomes the target temperature, thus performing control of reducing the once increased steam supply to the by-pass piping 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は飽和蒸気を加熱して過熱蒸気を供給する過熱蒸気装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a superheated steam device that supplies saturated steam by heating saturated steam.

蒸気を加熱して過熱蒸気とすることは、特開昭５９−２００１０６号公報などに記載されている通り、広く行われている。特開昭５９−２００１０６号公報に記載の発明では、再熱器バイパス管を設け、過熱蒸気熱交換器である再熱器のバイパス量を増減することで蒸気温度を調節している。再熱器をバイパスしたバイパス蒸気は再熱器での加熱が行われていないために比較的低温となる。再熱器出口の蒸気温度が目標温度よりも高温になった場合には再熱器をバイパスする蒸気量を増量することで過熱蒸気温度を低下させ、再熱器出口の蒸気温度が目標温度よりも低温になった場合にバイパス量を減量することで過熱蒸気温度を昇温させる。このようにバイパス蒸気量を制御することで、過熱蒸気の温度を目標温度に維持することができる。   Heating steam to superheated steam is widely performed as described in JP-A-59-200106. In the invention described in JP-A-59-200106, a reheater bypass pipe is provided, and the steam temperature is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the bypass amount of the reheater that is a superheated steam heat exchanger. The bypass steam that bypasses the reheater has a relatively low temperature because it is not heated by the reheater. When the steam temperature at the reheater outlet becomes higher than the target temperature, the superheated steam temperature is lowered by increasing the amount of steam that bypasses the reheater, and the steam temperature at the reheater outlet is lower than the target temperature. When the temperature becomes low, the temperature of the superheated steam is raised by reducing the amount of bypass. By controlling the amount of bypass steam in this way, the temperature of the superheated steam can be maintained at the target temperature.

なお、過熱蒸気の温度調節は、過熱蒸気熱交換器へ供給する熱量を調節することでも行える。しかし過熱蒸気熱交換器への供給熱量を調節することによって過熱蒸気温度を変更する場合、供給熱量を変更しても過熱蒸気温度の変化が現れるまでに比較的長い時間がかかり、思い通りに制御することができない。これに対し、バイパス蒸気量を調節するのであれば、温度調節の効果は比較的短い時間で現れるため、過熱蒸気温度を思い通りに調節することができる、という利点がある。ただし、バイパス蒸気による温度調節を行う場合、蒸気を必要以上に加熱した後で温度を低下させるということになるため、加熱に要する熱量の一部は無駄なものになるという問題があった。
特開昭５９−２００１０６号公報 The temperature of the superheated steam can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger. However, when changing the superheated steam temperature by adjusting the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger, it takes a relatively long time for the superheated steam temperature to change even if the supplied heat quantity is changed, and it is controlled as desired. I can't. On the other hand, if the amount of bypass steam is adjusted, the effect of temperature adjustment appears in a relatively short time, so that the superheated steam temperature can be adjusted as desired. However, when the temperature is adjusted by bypass steam, the temperature is lowered after the steam is heated more than necessary, so that there is a problem that a part of the heat amount required for heating is wasted.
JP 59-200106 A

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、過熱蒸気の目標温度に対する追従性は高いものであって、かつ過熱蒸気の加熱に要する熱量の無駄も低減することのできる過熱蒸気装置を提供することにある。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a superheated steam device that has high followability to the target temperature of the superheated steam and can reduce waste of heat required for heating the superheated steam. .

請求項１に記載の発明は、蒸気を加熱して過熱蒸気とする過熱蒸気熱交換器２、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ蒸気を供給する蒸気供給配管１、過熱蒸気を過熱蒸気熱交換器２から過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ送る過熱蒸気取り出し配管３、蒸気供給配管１と過熱蒸気取り出し配管３の間をつなぎ過熱蒸気熱交換器２をバイパスして加熱前の蒸気を過熱蒸気取り出し配管３へ送るためのバイパス配管４、過熱蒸気取り出し配管３のバイパス配管接続部より下流側で最終の過熱蒸気温度を検出する最終蒸気温度検出装置５、蒸気供給配管１からバイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を制御する蒸気供給量制御装置６、過熱蒸気熱交換器２で加熱した直後の過熱蒸気である中間の過熱蒸気温度を検出する中間蒸気温度検出装置７、バイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量と過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量の制御を行う加熱量制御装置１０をそれぞれ設けておき、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の目標温度を低下させる場合には、まず最終蒸気温度検出装置５にて検出している最終蒸気温度が目標温度になるように、蒸気供給配管１からバイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を増加する制御を行うとともに、中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している中間蒸気温度が目標温度になるように、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量を減少する制御を行い、過熱蒸気熱交換器２による過熱蒸気温度の低下に合わせて、一旦増加させていたバイパス配管４への蒸気供給を減少していく制御を行うことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 1 includes a superheated steam heat exchanger 2 that heats steam into superheated steam, a steam supply pipe 1 that supplies steam to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2, and superheated steam heat exchanger 2 Is connected between the superheated steam take-out pipe 3, the steam supply pipe 1 and the superheated steam take-out pipe 3, and bypasses the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 and sends the steam before heating to the superheated steam take-out pipe 3. For controlling the amount of steam sent from the steam supply pipe 1 to the bypass pipe 4, the final steam temperature detecting device 5 for detecting the final superheated steam temperature downstream of the bypass pipe connecting portion of the bypass pipe 4 and the superheated steam take-out pipe 3. Steam supply amount control device 6, intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 for detecting an intermediate superheated steam temperature immediately after being heated by the superheated steam heat exchanger 2, steam amount and superheated steam to be sent to the bypass pipe 4 When the heating amount control device 10 for controlling the amount of heat supplied to the exchanger 2 is provided, and the target temperature of the superheated steam to be supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is lowered, first, the final steam temperature detecting device 5 is set. The intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 is controlled while increasing the amount of steam sent from the steam supply pipe 1 to the bypass pipe 4 so that the final steam temperature detected in this way becomes the target temperature. Is controlled so as to reduce the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 so that the temperature of the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 decreases. The steam supply is controlled to decrease.

請求項２に記載の発明は、前記の過熱蒸気装置において、最終的には、中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出する中間蒸気温度が目標温度に等しくなるように過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量を調節することで、バイパス配管４への蒸気供給をなくす制御を行うことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 2 supplies the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 so that the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detecting device 7 is finally equal to the target temperature in the superheated steam device. By controlling the amount of heat, control is performed to eliminate the supply of steam to the bypass pipe 4.

本発明を実施することで、過熱蒸気の目標温度が変化した場合には、供給する過熱蒸気の温度を速やかに適正範囲とすることができるものでありながら、過熱蒸気の加熱に要する熱量の無駄も低減することができる。   By implementing the present invention, when the target temperature of the superheated steam changes, the temperature of the superheated steam to be supplied can be quickly adjusted to an appropriate range, but the amount of heat required for heating the superheated steam is wasted. Can also be reduced.

本発明の一実施例を図面を用いて説明する。図１は本発明を実施する過熱蒸気装置のフロー図、図２は本発明の実施例での加熱量変化の説明図、図３は過熱蒸気熱交換器をバイパスさせる蒸気量で過熱蒸気の温度を調節する場合と、過熱蒸気熱交換器への加熱量で過熱蒸気の温度を調節する場合を比較する図である。   An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a superheated steam apparatus for carrying out the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of changes in heating amount in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure which compares the case where adjusting the temperature of superheated steam with the amount of heating to a superheated steam heat exchanger, and the case where it adjusts.

図１に記載しているように、過熱蒸気装置は、過熱蒸気熱交換器２や熱供給装置８などからなる蒸気加熱部と、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ飽和蒸気を供給し、過熱蒸気を過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ送る蒸気供給経路部からなっている。過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する蒸気は飽和蒸気であり、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に接続した蒸気供給配管１を通じて過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ飽和蒸気を供給する。過熱蒸気熱交換器２から取り出される蒸気は過熱蒸気であり、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に接続した過熱蒸気取り出し配管３を通して過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ過熱蒸気を供給する。蒸気供給配管１の途中には分岐部を設けており、分岐部と過熱蒸気取り出し配管３をつなぐバイパス配管４を接続する。バイパス配管４は、蒸気供給配管１の飽和蒸気を直接過熱蒸気取り出し配管３へ送るものであり、分岐部には過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ送る蒸気量とバイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を調節する蒸気供給量制御装置６を設ける。蒸気供給量制御装置６としては電動三方弁等を使用することができる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the superheated steam device supplies saturated steam to the steam heating unit including the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 and the heat supply device 8 and the superheated steam heat exchanger 2, and generates superheated steam. It consists of a steam supply path section that sends it to the superheated steam use point 9. The steam supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is saturated steam, and the saturated steam is supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 through the steam supply pipe 1 connected to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2. The steam taken out from the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is superheated steam, and the superheated steam is supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 through the superheated steam takeout pipe 3 connected to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2. A branch part is provided in the middle of the steam supply pipe 1, and a bypass pipe 4 that connects the branch part and the superheated steam extraction pipe 3 is connected. The bypass pipe 4 sends the saturated steam of the steam supply pipe 1 directly to the superheated steam takeout pipe 3, and the amount of steam sent to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 and the amount of steam sent to the bypass pipe 4 are adjusted at the branch portion. A steam supply amount control device 6 is provided. An electric three-way valve or the like can be used as the steam supply amount control device 6.

過熱蒸気熱交換器２は、図示していない高温ガス発生源と熱供給装置８で発生させた熱によって加熱することで飽和蒸気を過熱蒸気とするものである。ボイラやガスエンジンなどから排出される高温ガスを使用することができる場合、ボイラなどからの高温ガスを過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給することで燃料使用量を削減することができる。ボイラなどの排ガスのみでは過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する熱量が不足する場合には、追い焚き用バーナを併用することになり、本実施例では排ガスによる加熱とバーナによる加熱を併用するようにしている。追い焚き用バーナ併用の場合における加熱量は、排ガスの熱量とバーナによる熱量を合計したものになる。本実施例では以下の説明を簡略化するため、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する供給熱は、高温ガス（排ガス及び燃焼ガス）の温度は一定（４５０℃）であって、高温ガス量を変化させることで熱量が変化するものとしている。   The superheated steam heat exchanger 2 heats saturated steam to superheated steam by heating with heat generated by a high-temperature gas generation source and a heat supply device 8 (not shown). When high-temperature gas discharged from a boiler or a gas engine can be used, the amount of fuel used can be reduced by supplying high-temperature gas from a boiler or the like to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2. When the amount of heat to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is insufficient with only exhaust gas such as a boiler, a reheating burner is used together. In this embodiment, heating with exhaust gas and heating with a burner are used together. . The heating amount in the case of using the reheating burner is the sum of the heat amount of the exhaust gas and the heat amount of the burner. In the present embodiment, in order to simplify the following description, the heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is such that the temperature of the high-temperature gas (exhaust gas and combustion gas) is constant (450 ° C.) and the amount of high-temperature gas is changed. The amount of heat is supposed to change.

過熱蒸気取り出し配管３のバイパス配管４接続部よりも下流側に、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の温度である最終蒸気温度（Ｔ１）を検出する最終蒸気温度検出装置５を設ける。過熱蒸気取り出し配管３のバイパス配管４接続部より上流側には、過熱蒸気熱交換器２から取り出された過熱蒸気の温度である中間蒸気温度（Ｔ２）を検出する中間蒸気温度検出装置７を設ける。最終蒸気温度検出装置５と中間蒸気温度検出装置７は過熱蒸気の温度を制御する加熱量制御装置１０と接続しておき、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の温度制御は、最終蒸気温度及び中間蒸気温度に基づいて加熱量制御装置１０が行う。加熱量制御装置１０は、過熱蒸気使用箇所９から目標温度が与えられると、最終蒸気温度検出装置５及び中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している蒸気温度に基づいて、蒸気供給量制御装置６からバイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量と、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ送る加熱量を調節し、過熱蒸気の温度を制御する。   A final steam temperature detection device 5 that detects the final steam temperature (T1) that is the temperature of the superheated steam to be supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is provided on the downstream side of the bypass pipe 4 connection portion of the superheated steam extraction pipe 3. An intermediate steam temperature detecting device 7 for detecting an intermediate steam temperature (T2) that is the temperature of the superheated steam taken out from the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is provided upstream of the bypass pipe 4 connection portion of the superheated steam take-out pipe 3. . The final steam temperature detection device 5 and the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 are connected to a heating amount control device 10 for controlling the temperature of the superheated steam, and the temperature control of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is performed by the final steam temperature. And the heating amount control apparatus 10 performs based on intermediate steam temperature. When the target temperature is given from the superheated steam usage point 9, the heating amount control device 10 is based on the steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5 and the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7, and the steam supply amount control device 6. The amount of steam sent to the bypass pipe 4 and the amount of heating sent to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 are adjusted to control the temperature of the superheated steam.

最終蒸気温度検出装置５に基づく制御は、最終蒸気温度検出装置５で検出している最終蒸気温度と、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の目標温度との差を小さくするようにＰＩＤ制御を行う。最終蒸気温度検出装置５で検出している最終蒸気温度が目標温度よりも高い場合には、蒸気供給量制御装置６のバイパス配管４側の開度を大きくし、バイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を増加することで過熱蒸気の温度を低下させる。最終蒸気温度検出装置５で検出している最終蒸気温度が目標温度よりも低い場合には、蒸気供給量制御装置６のバイパス配管４側の開度を小さくし、バイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を減少することで過熱蒸気の温度を上昇させる。加熱量制御装置１０は、過熱蒸気熱交換器２で加熱することで高温になっている過熱蒸気に対し、バイパス配管４を通して送られてきた加熱していない飽和蒸気を混合することで、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の温度を調節する。   The control based on the final steam temperature detection device 5 is PID control so as to reduce the difference between the final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5 and the target temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9. I do. When the final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5 is higher than the target temperature, the opening degree of the steam supply amount control device 6 on the bypass pipe 4 side is increased, and the amount of steam sent to the bypass pipe 4 is increased. Increase the temperature of the superheated steam. When the final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5 is lower than the target temperature, the opening on the bypass pipe 4 side of the steam supply amount control device 6 is reduced, and the amount of steam sent to the bypass pipe 4 is reduced. Increase the temperature of the superheated steam by decreasing. The heating amount control device 10 mixes unheated saturated steam sent through the bypass pipe 4 with superheated steam that is heated by heating with the superheated steam heat exchanger 2, thereby superheated steam. The temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the use location 9 is adjusted.

また、加熱量制御装置１０では、熱供給装置８による熱供給量を調節することによって過熱蒸気の温度を調節することも行っている。加熱量制御装置１０は、中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している中間蒸気温度と、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の目標温度との差を小さくするように、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する加熱量を調節するＰＩＤ制御を行う。中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している中間蒸気温度が目標温度よりも高い場合には、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する加熱量を減少することで過熱蒸気の温度を低下させる。中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している中間蒸気温度が目標温度よりも低い場合には、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する加熱量を増加することで過熱蒸気の温度を上昇させる。   The heating amount control device 10 also adjusts the temperature of the superheated steam by adjusting the amount of heat supplied by the heat supply device 8. The heating amount control device 10 is a superheated steam heat exchanger so as to reduce the difference between the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detecting device 7 and the target temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9. PID control for adjusting the amount of heating supplied to 2 is performed. When the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 is higher than the target temperature, the temperature of the superheated steam is lowered by reducing the heating amount for the superheated steam heat exchanger 2. When the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 is lower than the target temperature, the heating amount for the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is increased to increase the temperature of the superheated steam.

図２は、最終蒸気温度検出装置５で検出する最終蒸気温度、蒸気供給量制御装置６である三方弁の開度割合、中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出する中間蒸気温度、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に供給する加熱量の変更状況を説明するものである。図２では、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の目標温度は３００℃であったが、時刻Ａで目標温度が２５０℃に変更された例における制御状況を示している。   2 shows the final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5, the opening ratio of the three-way valve that is the steam supply amount control device 6, the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7, and the superheated steam heat exchanger. The change situation of the heating amount supplied to 2 will be described. In FIG. 2, although the target temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is 300 ° C., the control state in an example in which the target temperature is changed to 250 ° C. at time A is shown.

図２での加熱は、図３に記載しているように、１２０℃の飽和蒸気３００ｋｇ／ｈを過熱蒸気とするものである。本実施例では、過熱蒸気熱交換器に４５０℃の高温ガスを３２３Ｎｍ３／ｈ供給することで、過熱蒸気を３００℃とすることができている。また過熱蒸気を２５０℃とする場合には、過熱蒸気熱交換器に４５０℃の高温ガスを２２２Ｎｍ３／ｈ又は１９９Ｎｍ３／ｈ供給することになる。最終の温度は同じ２５０℃である３００ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気であっても、過熱蒸気熱交換器で３００℃に加熱した２１７ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気に１２０℃の飽和蒸気を加えて２５０℃にする場合と、過熱蒸気熱交換器で３００ｋｇ／ｈの蒸気を２５０℃に加熱する場合では、必要な加熱量が異なる。これは、同じ３００ｋｇ／ｈ・２５０℃の過熱蒸気を発生させるとしても、過熱蒸気熱交換器２で多量の蒸気量を少し加温する場合よりも、少量の蒸気を大きく加温する場合の方がより多くの熱量を必要とすることによる。蒸気をより高い温度まで加熱する場合、加熱する高温ガスと加熱される蒸気の温度差は小さくなるため、過熱蒸気熱交換器２による熱交換効率が低くなり、より多くの高温ガスが必要となる。加熱後の蒸気温度が比較的低いものであって、加熱する高温ガスと加熱される蒸気の温度差は大きなものであれば、過熱蒸気熱交換器２による熱交換効率は高くなるために高温ガスの必要量は少なくなる。 In the heating in FIG. 2, saturated steam of 300 kg / h at 120 ° C. is used as superheated steam as described in FIG. In this embodiment, the superheated steam can be brought to 300 ° C. by supplying a high temperature gas of 450 ° C. to the superheated steam heat exchanger at 323 Nm 3 / h. When the superheated steam is set to 250 ° C., a hot gas of 450 ° C. is supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger at 222 Nm 3 / h or 199 Nm 3 / h. Even if the final temperature is 300 kg / h superheated steam at 250 ° C., 120 ° C. saturated steam is added to 217 kg / h superheated steam heated to 300 ° C. in a superheated steam heat exchanger to 250 ° C. In the case of heating 300 kg / h steam to 250 ° C. with a superheated steam heat exchanger, the required heating amount is different. This means that even if the same superheated steam of 300 kg / h · 250 ° C. is generated, a small amount of steam is heated more greatly than when a large amount of steam is heated slightly in the superheated steam heat exchanger 2. Is because it requires more heat. When the steam is heated to a higher temperature, the temperature difference between the hot gas to be heated and the steam to be heated becomes small, so that the heat exchange efficiency by the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is lowered, and more hot gas is required. . If the steam temperature after heating is relatively low and the temperature difference between the heated high temperature gas and the heated steam is large, the heat exchange efficiency by the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is increased, so the high temperature gas The required amount of is less.

図２の場合、当初は図３上側に記載しているように、１２０℃の飽和蒸気３００ｋｇ／ｈを３００℃の過熱蒸気３００ｋｇ／ｈとしており、蒸気供給量制御装置６を通過する飽和蒸気は全量を過熱蒸気熱交換器２側に供給している。この場合、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へは４５０℃の高温ガスを３２３Ｎｍ３／ｈ供給すると３００℃の過熱蒸気が得られている。時刻Ａにおいて、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の目標温度が３００℃から２５０℃に変更されたとすると、加熱量制御装置１０では過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気温度が２５０℃になるように過熱蒸気温度の調節を行う。この時、最終蒸気温度検出装置５で検出している最終蒸気温度は３００℃であり、目標とする過熱蒸気温度は２５０℃であるため、まず蒸気供給量制御装置６の開度を変更することで過熱蒸気の温度を調節する。最終蒸気温度が目標温度よりも高い場合、蒸気供給量制御装置６のバイパス配管４の開度を大きくすることでバイパス配管４へ供給する蒸気量を増加する。時刻Ｂで図３右下の状態となり、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する蒸気量を２１７ｋｇ／ｈ、バイパス配管４へ供給する蒸気量を８３ｋｇ／ｈとする。３００℃に加熱した２１７ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気と、１２０℃のままである８３ｋｇ／ｈの飽和蒸気を混合すると、過熱蒸気の温度は２５０℃となる。バイパス配管４を通して供給する蒸気によって温度を低下させる場合、比較的短時刻で温度を低下させることができるため、時刻Ａから時刻Ｂまでの間隔は短くなっている。 In the case of FIG. 2, initially, as described in the upper side of FIG. 3, 300 kg / h of saturated steam at 120 ° C. is set to 300 kg / h of superheated steam at 300 ° C., and the saturated steam passing through the steam supply amount control device 6 is The entire amount is supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 side. In this case, when a high-temperature gas at 450 ° C. is supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 at 323 Nm 3 / h, superheated steam at 300 ° C. is obtained. If the target temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is changed from 300 ° C. to 250 ° C. at the time A, the heating amount control device 10 sets the superheated steam temperature supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 to 250 ° C. Adjust the superheated steam temperature so that At this time, since the final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5 is 300 ° C. and the target superheated steam temperature is 250 ° C., the opening degree of the steam supply amount control device 6 is first changed. To adjust the temperature of the superheated steam. When the final steam temperature is higher than the target temperature, the amount of steam supplied to the bypass pipe 4 is increased by increasing the opening degree of the bypass pipe 4 of the steam supply amount control device 6. At time B, the state shown in the lower right of FIG. 3 is reached, and the amount of steam supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is 217 kg / h, and the amount of steam supplied to the bypass pipe 4 is 83 kg / h. When 217 kg / h superheated steam heated to 300 ° C. and 83 kg / h saturated steam that remains at 120 ° C. are mixed, the temperature of the superheated steam becomes 250 ° C. When the temperature is lowered by steam supplied through the bypass pipe 4, the temperature can be lowered at a relatively short time, and therefore the interval from time A to time B is short.

また、加熱量制御装置１０では過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量の変更も行う。中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している中間蒸気温度は、時刻Ａの時点では３００℃であり、目標とする過熱蒸気温度は２５０℃であるため、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量を減少することで過熱蒸気の温度低下させていく。   The heating amount control device 10 also changes the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2. The intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 is 300 ° C. at the time point A, and the target superheated steam temperature is 250 ° C. Therefore, the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is determined. The temperature of superheated steam is lowered by decreasing.

バイパス配管４を通して供給する飽和蒸気によって過熱蒸気の温度を低下させる場合には、比較的短時間で温度変更を行うことができる。しかし、過熱蒸気熱交換器２への供給熱量を変更することによって過熱蒸気の温度を低下させる場合には、比較的長い時間が必要であり、温度の変化は緩やかとなっている。最終蒸気温度は時刻Ｂの時点で２５０℃になっているが、過熱蒸気熱交換器２の加熱量を変更は中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出する中間蒸気温度が目標温度になるまで行うため、時刻Ｂ以降も過熱蒸気熱交換器２への加熱量減少を継続して行っている。過熱蒸気熱交換器２への加熱量を減少すると、中間蒸気温度検出装置７にて検出している中間蒸気温度は低下し、時刻Ｃで中間蒸気温度が目標温度の２５０℃に達すると、加熱量の減少は終了し、中間蒸気温度は２５０℃に維持する。   When the temperature of the superheated steam is reduced by saturated steam supplied through the bypass pipe 4, the temperature can be changed in a relatively short time. However, when the temperature of the superheated steam is lowered by changing the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2, a relatively long time is required, and the temperature change is gentle. Although the final steam temperature is 250 ° C. at time B, the heating amount of the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is changed until the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 reaches the target temperature. After time B, the heating amount to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is continuously reduced. When the amount of heating to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is decreased, the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detecting device 7 is lowered. When the intermediate steam temperature reaches the target temperature of 250 ° C. at time C, the heating is performed. The volume reduction is complete and the intermediate steam temperature is maintained at 250 ° C.

最終蒸気温度検出装置５で検出している最終蒸気温度は、過熱蒸気熱交換器２で加熱した過熱蒸気とバイパス配管４を通して送られてきた加熱していない飽和蒸気を混合した後の温度であるため、過熱蒸気熱交換器２から取り出される過熱蒸気の温度が低下すればバイパス配管４を通して送っている蒸気量を削減しないと最終蒸気温度を一定に維持することができない。そのため、最終蒸気温度に基づいてバイパス配管４への蒸気量を変更する制御は、時刻Ｂまではバイパス配管４への蒸気量を増加していたが、時刻Ｂから時刻Ｃの間は逆にバイパス配管４への蒸気量を減少していくことになる。最終的には時刻Ｃで図３左下の状態となり、バイパス配管４への蒸気供給は停止し、過熱蒸気熱交換器２で２５０℃の過熱蒸気を発生するようにしている。   The final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detection device 5 is a temperature after mixing the superheated steam heated by the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 and the unheated saturated steam sent through the bypass pipe 4. Therefore, if the temperature of the superheated steam taken out from the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 decreases, the final steam temperature cannot be maintained constant unless the amount of steam sent through the bypass pipe 4 is reduced. Therefore, in the control for changing the steam amount to the bypass pipe 4 based on the final steam temperature, the steam amount to the bypass pipe 4 is increased until the time B, but the bypass is reversed between the time B and the time C. The amount of steam to the pipe 4 will be reduced. Finally, at the time C, the lower left state of FIG. 3 is reached, the supply of steam to the bypass pipe 4 is stopped, and superheated steam at 250 ° C. is generated in the superheated steam heat exchanger 2.

同じ１２０℃・３００ｋｇ／ｈの飽和蒸気を２５０℃・３００ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気にする場合であっても、図３左下のように過熱蒸気熱交換器２で２５０℃・３００ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気を発生させた方が、図３右下のように過熱蒸気熱交換器２で３００℃・２１７ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気を発生し、１２０℃・８３ｋｇ／ｈの加熱していない蒸気を混合して２５０℃・３００ｋｇ／ｈの過熱蒸気とするよりも、過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する加熱量を少なくすることができる。   Even when the same saturated steam at 120 ° C./300 kg / h is used as superheated steam at 250 ° C./300 kg / h, the superheated steam at 250 ° C./300 kg / h in the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 as shown in the lower left of FIG. Is generated in the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 as shown in the lower right of FIG. 3 and mixed with unheated steam of 120 ° C and 83 kg / h. The amount of heating with respect to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 can be reduced as compared with the superheated steam at 250 ° C. and 300 kg / h.

本発明では、まずバイパス配管４へ供給する蒸気量を調節し、加熱していない飽和蒸気で過熱蒸気の温度を調節することによって、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の温度変更を短時間で行う。さらに過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する加熱量を減少させることによって過熱蒸気熱交換器から取り出される過熱蒸気の温度を低下させるにつれて、バイパス配管４を通して供給していた温度調節用の蒸気を減少することによって、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の温度は維持しつつ過熱蒸気熱交換器２に対する熱供給量が最小限になるようにしている。そのため、速やかな過熱蒸気温度の調節と必要熱量の削減を両立させることができている。   In the present invention, first, the amount of steam supplied to the bypass pipe 4 is adjusted, and the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is changed for a short time by adjusting the temperature of the superheated steam with the saturated steam that is not heated. To do. Further, by reducing the amount of heating to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 and decreasing the temperature of the superheated steam taken out from the superheated steam heat exchanger, the temperature adjusting steam supplied through the bypass pipe 4 is reduced. The amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is minimized while maintaining the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the superheated steam use location 9. For this reason, it is possible to simultaneously adjust the temperature of the superheated steam and reduce the required amount of heat.

本発明を実施する過熱蒸気装置のフロー図Flow chart of superheated steam device for carrying out the present invention 本発明の実施例での加熱量変化の説明図Explanatory drawing of heating amount change in the Example of this invention 加熱量と過熱蒸気温度の関係を示した説明図Explanatory diagram showing the relationship between heating amount and superheated steam temperature

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 蒸気供給配管
２ 過熱蒸気熱交換器
３ 過熱蒸気取り出し配管
４ バイパス配管
５ 最終蒸気温度検出装置
６ 蒸気供給量制御装置
７ 中間蒸気温度検出装置
８ 熱供給装置
９ 過熱蒸気使用箇所
１０ 加熱量制御装置 1 Steam supply piping
2 Superheated steam heat exchanger
3 Superheated steam extraction piping
4 Bypass piping
5 Final steam temperature detector
6 Steam supply control device
7 Intermediate steam temperature detector
8 Heat supply device
9 Locations where superheated steam is used
10 Heating amount control device

Claims (2)

蒸気を加熱して過熱蒸気とする過熱蒸気熱交換器２、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ蒸気を供給する蒸気供給配管１、過熱蒸気を過熱蒸気熱交換器２から過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ送る過熱蒸気取り出し配管３、蒸気供給配管１と過熱蒸気取り出し配管３の間をつなぎ過熱蒸気熱交換器２をバイパスして加熱前の蒸気を過熱蒸気取り出し配管３へ送るためのバイパス配管４、過熱蒸気取り出し配管３のバイパス配管接続部より下流側で最終の過熱蒸気温度を検出する最終蒸気温度検出装置５、蒸気供給配管１からバイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を制御する蒸気供給量制御装置６、過熱蒸気熱交換器２で加熱した直後の過熱蒸気である中間の過熱蒸気温度を検出する中間蒸気温度検出装置７、バイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量と過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量の制御を行う加熱量制御装置１０をそれぞれ設けておき、過熱蒸気使用箇所９へ供給する過熱蒸気の目標温度を低下させる場合には、まず最終蒸気温度検出装置５にて検出している最終蒸気温度が目標温度になるように、蒸気供給配管１からバイパス配管４へ送る蒸気量を増加する制御を行うとともに、中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出している中間蒸気温度が目標温度になるように、過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量を減少する制御を行い、過熱蒸気熱交換器２による過熱蒸気温度の低下に合わせて、一旦増加させていたバイパス配管４への蒸気供給を減少していく制御を行うことを特徴とする過熱蒸気装置。   Superheated steam heat exchanger 2 that heats steam to form superheated steam, steam supply pipe 1 that supplies steam to superheated steam heat exchanger 2, superheated steam that sends superheated steam from superheated steam heat exchanger 2 to superheated steam use point 9 Bypass pipe 4 for connecting the steam take-out pipe 3, the steam supply pipe 1 and the superheated steam take-out pipe 3 and bypassing the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 and sending the steam before heating to the superheated steam take-out pipe 3 Final steam temperature detection device 5 that detects the final superheated steam temperature downstream of the bypass piping connection portion of piping 3, steam supply amount control device 6 that controls the amount of steam sent from steam supply piping 1 to bypass piping 4, and superheated steam Intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 for detecting the temperature of the intermediate superheated steam immediately after being heated by the heat exchanger 2, the amount of steam sent to the bypass pipe 4 and the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 When the heating amount control device 10 for performing the control is provided and the target temperature of the superheated steam to be supplied to the superheated steam use location 9 is lowered, first the final steam temperature detected by the final steam temperature detecting device 5 Is controlled to increase the amount of steam sent from the steam supply pipe 1 to the bypass pipe 4 so that the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detection device 7 becomes the target temperature. Control is performed to reduce the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2, and the steam supply to the bypass pipe 4 that has been once increased is reduced as the temperature of the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 decreases. A superheated steam device that performs control. 請求項１に記載の過熱蒸気装置において、最終的には、中間蒸気温度検出装置７で検出する中間蒸気温度が目標温度に等しくなるように過熱蒸気熱交換器２へ供給する熱量を調節することで、バイパス配管４への蒸気供給をなくす制御を行うことを特徴とする過熱蒸気装置。   In the superheated steam device according to claim 1, finally, the amount of heat supplied to the superheated steam heat exchanger 2 is adjusted so that the intermediate steam temperature detected by the intermediate steam temperature detecting device 7 becomes equal to the target temperature. Then, the superheated steam device is characterized in that it controls to eliminate the steam supply to the bypass pipe 4.
JP2008008418A 2008-01-17 2008-01-17 Superheated steam equipment Expired - Fee Related JP5086108B2 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101907289A (en) * 2010-08-13 2010-12-08 辽宁中田干燥设备制造有限公司 Heat energy device for preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam
CN103726374A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-16 李怿焜 Equipment for continuously and directionally unweaving straw fibers
JP2016222849A (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-28 旭化成株式会社 Pre-expanded particle production apparatus and pre-expanded particle production method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002323203A (en) * 2001-04-25 2002-11-08 Babcock Hitachi Kk Vapor temperature control method and device for once- through boiler
JP2007071416A (en) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-22 Babcock Hitachi Kk Reheat steam system of boiler, and control method of reheat steam temperature

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002323203A (en) * 2001-04-25 2002-11-08 Babcock Hitachi Kk Vapor temperature control method and device for once- through boiler
JP2007071416A (en) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-22 Babcock Hitachi Kk Reheat steam system of boiler, and control method of reheat steam temperature

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101907289A (en) * 2010-08-13 2010-12-08 辽宁中田干燥设备制造有限公司 Heat energy device for preparing superheated steam with waste heat steam
CN103726374A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-16 李怿焜 Equipment for continuously and directionally unweaving straw fibers
JP2016222849A (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-28 旭化成株式会社 Pre-expanded particle production apparatus and pre-expanded particle production method

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