JP2009168237A - Self-servo type brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a self-servo type brake device enabling large self-servo action during forward traveling and backward traveling even in small actuators with small capacity and having excellent responsiveness. <P>SOLUTION: The actuators 6, 7 driving an inner pad 3 to the rotating tangential line of a disk rotor 2 and a toggle member 11 oscillated to press the inner pad 3 on the disk rotor 2 along with the movement of the inner pad 3 are placed on a caliper body 1, and the actuators 6, 7 are arranged and distributed to both sides of the toggle member 11 on the circumference of the disk rotor 2. Thus, due to oscillation of the toggle member 11, the inner pad 3 is promptly moved to the disk rotor 2 side at an initial stage, and is slowly brought into contact with the disk rotor 2 at a later stage. This can reduce a free running region during brake operation as much as possible to enable prompt brake operation, achieve self-servo action also during backward traveling by freely selecting an oscillation fulcrum of the toggle member 11, and reduce the size and capacity of the actuators 6, 7. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a brake device that performs a brake operation by sandwiching a disk rotor with an inner pad and an outer pad via a caliper body incorporating an inner pad pressing mechanism.

2. Description of the Related Art A disc brake device used in a vehicle is known as a caliper disc brake device that performs a braking operation by sandwiching a disc rotor with an inner pad and an outer pad via a caliper body incorporating an inner pad pressing mechanism. In such a caliper disc brake device, a highly reliable electromechanical disc brake device having a simple structure in which a brake pad is pressed by an electric motor instead of a piston that is conventionally pressed by hydraulic pressure is frequently used. It has become like this. However, a disc brake that requires a large braking force requires a large pressing force, so that a large-output electric motor is required and the apparatus becomes large. For this reason, a servo mechanism (self-boosting mechanism) has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 below).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-315865 (refer to the gazette abstract) JP-A-2004-360907 (refer to the gazette abstract)

  The electromechanical brake of the first conventional example disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 5. By rotating and driving the electric motor 132 fastened to the inner periphery of the bolt carrier 126, the first carrier The tooth portion 136 engraved on the inner peripheral surface of the ring 114 is meshed and rotated (forward direction, the same ω direction as a brake disc 112 described later). As a result, the multiple wedges 118 installed on the side surfaces of the first carrier ring 114 are moved in the rotational direction during forward movement. Since the same number of bolts 130 are rotatably mounted in the annular cavity 128 of the bolt carrier 126 so as to correspond to the plurality of wedges 118, the first inclined surface 120 of the small angle α in the wedge 118 is the same as the bolt 130. The first carrier ring 114 is pressed to the brake disc 112 side via the friction element 116 by the cam action of contact. Since the first carrier ring 114 is rotated in the rotational direction by the brake torque in the rotational tangential direction generated by the friction with the brake disc 112 due to the braking force, each of the wedges installed on the first carrier ring 114 is rotated. A self-boosting action to which a braking force that presses the side surface of the brake disk 112 is applied by a cam action between the first inclined surface 120 of 118 and the bolt 130 is generated. The second inclined surface 122 having a large angle β in the wedge 118 is used for a case where the second inclined surface 122 functions at the time of reverse travel and does not require a large braking force.

  The friction brake provided with the self-boosting device of the second conventional example disclosed in Patent Document 2 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 6. The first friction brake pad 216 can be turned on the brake caliper 212 by the support shaft 224. The support lever 220 is pivotally attached to the tip of the support lever 220. A fan-shaped gear segment 230 is engraved at the base end of the support lever 220, and the gear segment 230 meshes with the pinion 228 when the electric motor 226 is driven to rotate, thereby turning the support lever 220. As a result, the first friction brake pad 216 is pressed against the brake disc 214 to obtain a braking force. The reaction force of the braking force is transmitted to the second friction brake pad 218 on the opposite side via the brake caliper 212 and presses the opposite side of the brake disc 214. Therefore, the first and second friction brakes are used. The brake disc 214 is clamped by the pads 216 and 218 to perform a braking operation. At that time, the first friction brake pad 216 is rotated in the rotation direction by the brake torque in the rotational tangential direction generated by the friction between the brake disc 214 and the first friction brake pad 216, and is supported around the support shaft 224. By the turning of the lever 220, a self-boosting action is generated in which a braking force is applied by which the first friction brake pad 216 presses the side surface of the brake disc 214. Since the first friction brake pad 216 is moved toward the brake disc 214 by the pivoting movement of the support lever 220, the behavior is quick to rise and the brake operation can be quickly and quickly displayed with good responsiveness.

  However, in these conventional examples, the angle of the inclined surfaces 120 and 122 in the forward direction and the reverse direction in the wedge 118 is different in the electromechanical brake of the first conventional example in FIG. Because it is constant, quick response cannot be obtained in the initial behavior of filling the pad clearance in the braking operation. Therefore, in order to obtain high responsiveness, the output of an actuator such as an electric motor has to be increased, which has been an obstacle to downsizing the actuator. Further, in the friction brake provided with the self-boosting device of the second conventional example of FIG. 6, the first friction brake pad 216 is moved to the brake disc 214 by the turning motion of the support lever 220 in order to compensate for the disadvantage of the first conventional example. As the movement moves to the side, the behavior rises quickly and the braking operation can be realized quickly with good responsiveness. However, in the second conventional example, the turning motion and the self-boosting function of the support lever 220 are limited only to the forward movement, and no consideration is given to the backward movement behavior of the vehicle or the like. There was still a need for delays in initial operation and larger actuators.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional self-boosting brake device, and even with a small and small-capacity actuator, a large self-boosting is possible at the time of forward and backward movement, and the self-boosting is excellent in response An object of the present invention is to provide a brake device.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a brake device that performs a braking operation by pressing a disc rotor with an inner pad and an outer pad via a caliper body having a built-in inner pad pressing mechanism, and drives the inner pad in the rotational tangential direction of the disc rotor. An actuator and a toggle member that swings to press the inner pad against the disk rotor as the inner pad moves are placed on the caliper body, and the actuator is placed on both sides of the toggle member on the circumference of the disk rotor. It is characterized in that it is arranged in a divided manner. According to the present invention, the toggle member is configured such that a top portion thereof is pivotally supported by a support portion of the inner pad and is swingable with each of both bottom side portions as fulcrums. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the actuator is constituted by an electric motor, and the inner pad is driven in the rotational tangential direction of the disk rotor by an eccentric cam gear which is rotationally driven by the electric motor. According to the present invention, the toggle member is mounted on an anchor plate disposed in a caliper body so that the position of the toggle member can be adjusted with respect to the disk rotor, and the anchor member is subjected to an excessive swing stalk of the toggle member due to wear of the pad. The position of the plate with respect to the disk rotor is adjusted, and these are used as means for solving the problems.

  According to the present invention, in a brake device that performs a brake operation by clamping a disc rotor with an inner pad and an outer pad via a caliper body incorporating an inner pad pressing mechanism, the inner pad is driven in the rotational tangential direction of the disc rotor. An actuator and a toggle member that swings so as to press the inner pad against the disk rotor as the inner pad moves are placed on the caliper body and on both sides of the toggle member on the circumference of the actuator disk rotor. By allocating and distributing, the inner pad is quickly moved to the disk rotor side at the beginning of the swing by the swing of the toggle member placed on the caliper body, and the inner pad is gently moved to the disk at the later stage of the swing. Since it can be brought into contact with the rotor, the free running area when the brake is activated Thereby enabling rapid braking operation can minimize, can freely select the rocking fulcrum of the toggle member, it becomes possible self-boosting by the toggle member during reverse travel. In addition, the actuator is small and small in capacity to drive the inner pad in the rotational tangent direction of the disk rotor, and is low in cost. In addition, the inner pad can be driven in a balanced and smooth manner on both sides of the toggle member in the rotational tangent direction of the disk rotor, and the capacity of each actuator can be further reduced. A large braking force can be obtained by obtaining a boost function.

  In addition, the toggle member is pivotally supported by the support portion of the inner pad, and when the toggle member is configured to be swingable with the respective bottom sides as fulcrums, the toggle member is either of the bottom sides. Is selected as the oscillating fulcrum, and the inner pad located at the top portion can be reliably moved to the disk rotor side at the time of forward movement as well as forward movement, so that the self-boosting function can be exhibited. Furthermore, when the actuator is constituted by an electric motor and the inner pad is driven in the rotational tangential direction of the disk rotor by an eccentric cam gear that is rotationally driven by the electric motor, a fluid such as a conventional hydraulic pressure is supplied. It is not necessary to install pipes for fluid as used, and the equipment is simplified, and the eccentric cam itself has a boosting action, so it can be used for deceleration from the electric motor to the eccentric cam gear. A boosting action is also added, the self-boosting function by the toggle member can be fully exhibited, and the electric motor can be further downsized.

  Furthermore, the toggle member is placed on an anchor plate disposed in the caliper body so that the position of the toggle member can be adjusted with respect to the disk rotor, and the toggle member is excessively stalked due to wear of the pad. When the position relative to the disc rotor is adjusted, the swinging fulcrum of the toggle member on the anchor plate can be freely selected on the anchor plate that is selected for its strength, manufacturability, etc. Enables selection so that the self-boosting force of the toggle member can be demonstrated even when the vehicle travels backward, and even if the inner pad is worn out from the specified value, the appropriate position of the toggle member is maintained and the braking force generated by the self-boosting is appropriate. Can be maintained.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for implementing a self-boosting brake device according to the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan sectional view at the time of braking showing a first embodiment of a self-boosting brake device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the initial state, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of adjusting the adjuster when the pad is worn. FIG. 4 is a comparative view of the pad behavior of the self-boosting brake device according to the present invention and the conventional one. As shown in FIG. 1, the basic structure of the self-boosting brake device according to the present invention is such that a disc rotor 2 is clamped by an inner pad 3 and an outer pad 4 via a caliper body 1 incorporating an inner pad pressing mechanism. In a brake device that performs a braking operation, the actuators 6 and 7 drive the inner pad 3 in the rotational tangential direction of the disk rotor 2, and swing to press the inner pad 3 against the disk rotor 2 as the inner pad 3 moves. The toggle member 11 is placed on the caliper body 1 and the actuators 6 and 7 are arranged on both sides of the toggle member on the circumference of the disk rotor 2.

  FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the self-boosting brake device according to the present invention, and is a plan sectional view in an initial state. The caliper body 1 is configured to be slidable inward and outward (up and down in the drawing of FIG. 2) by a slide pin 5 with respect to a support (not shown) fixed to a stationary part or the like of the vehicle body. That is, the caliper body 1 is installed in a floating form with respect to the support. An inner pad 3 and an outer pad 4 are respectively disposed inside and outside the disk rotor 2. In the inner caliper body 1 that is the back side of the inner pad 3 (the lower side in the drawing of FIG. 2), a toggle member 11 that also serves as an inner pad pressing mechanism and a self-boosting mechanism and an actuator are configured. The first and second electric motors 6 and 7 are disposed.

  The electric motors 6 and 7 are preferably arranged on both sides of the toggle member 11 on the circumference of the disk rotor 2. As a result, the inner pad 3 can be driven in a well-balanced and smooth manner on both sides of the toggle member 11 in the rotational tangent direction of the disk rotor 2, and the capacity of the electric motors 6 and 7 as one actuator can be made smaller. it can. Each of the electric motors 6 and 7 disposed on both sides of the toggle member 11 has a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis of the disk rotor 2. The output gears 6A and 7A of the electric motors 6 and 7 mesh with the teeth on the outer periphery of the first and second eccentric cam gears 8 and 9, respectively. The rotating shafts of the eccentric cam gears 8 and 9 are also arranged in parallel with the rotating shafts of the electric motors 6 and 7.

  First and second eccentric cam pins 8A and 9A are provided on the outer peripheral portion of each of the eccentric cam gears 8 and 9 so as to protrude toward the inner pad 3 side, and correspond to the pressure plate 10 which is the substrate of the inner pad 3. The pin guide grooves 10A and 10A are inserted and latched. The output gears 6A and 7A, the eccentric cam gears 8 and 9, the eccentric cam pins 8A and 9A of these electric motors, the engagement of the pin guide grooves 10A and 10A in the pressure plate 10, and the insertion latch-related configuration are clearly depicted in the lower part of FIG. It is. Explaining on the electric motor 6 side (the same applies to the electric motor 7 side), when the output gear 6A of the electric motor 6 drives the eccentric cam gear 8 to rotate, the eccentric cam pin 8A installed on the outer periphery of the eccentric cam gear 8 has a radius. The eccentric cam pin 8A is rotated by the length of the arm, and the pressure plate 10 inserted and locked in the pin guide groove 10A can be moved in the rotational tangential direction of the disk rotor 2 with a large force by lever action.

  A top portion of a substantially equilateral triangular toggle member 11 is pivotally supported by a support shaft 11A on a support portion 10B formed inside the center of a pressure plate 10 which is a substrate of the inner pad 3, and both bottom portions thereof are It is mounted in a free state on an anchor plate 12 disposed so as to be position-adjustable with respect to the disk rotor 2 so as to roll or slide. Therefore, the toggle member 11 is configured to be able to swing by selecting any one of the first and second support shafts 11B and 11C in the vicinity of both bottom sides thereof as the swing fulcrum. That is, as will be described later, at the time of forward movement or backward movement, the support shafts at both bottom sides of the toggle member 11 according to the movement of the pressure plate 10 driven in the rotational tangential direction during forward rotation or reverse rotation of the disk rotor 2. The inner pad 3 is pressed against the side surface of the disk rotor 2 through the pressure plate 10 in either case of normal rotation or reverse rotation of the disk rotor 2 by swinging around 11C or the vicinity of the support shaft 11B. be able to. The anchor plate 12 is installed in the caliper body 1 via a cylindrical adjuster portion 13 that is screwed to the shaft of the anchor portion 14 placed on the bottom portion 1A of the caliper body 1.

  The brake operation of the self-boosting brake device of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. The direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 is the forward vehicle forward direction. By the forward rotation of the pair of electric motors 6 and 7, the output gears 6A and 7A rotate forward and the eccentric cam gears 8 and 9 meshing with them rotate in the clockwise direction of the arrow (on the lower drawing of FIG. 1). . Along with this, the eccentric cam pins 8A and 9A installed on the outer peripheral portions of the eccentric cam gears 8 and 9 also rotate in the clockwise direction, and the pressure plate 10 inserted and latched into the pin guide groove 10A. However, the disk rotor 2 moves in the rotational tangential direction (arrow) with a large force due to the lever action. Along with this, the toggle member 11 swings in the clockwise direction (on the drawing) by the swing angle α with the vicinity of one of the support shafts 11C at both bottom sides on the anchor plate 12 as the swing support point. 11A is moved to the disc rotor 2 side by an arc motion. As a result, the inner pad 3 is pressed against the side surface of the disk rotor 2 to start a braking operation. When the top support shaft 11A of the toggle member 11 draws an arc motion, as shown in FIG. 4, quick response is obtained in the initial behavior of filling the pad clearance in the brake operation.

  FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of the pad behavior between the self-boosting brake device of the present invention and the conventional one. The thin line in FIG. 4 shows the behavior when the brake pad moves to the disc rotor of the wedge type having the inclined surfaces 120 and 122 of a predetermined angle as in the first conventional example of FIG. The brake pad moves to the disc rotor side almost linearly. Therefore, the initial operation for filling the pad clearance in the brake operation is relatively slow, and a relatively long time is required until the brake operation is started. On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown by the thick line in FIG. 4, the operation of the inner pad 3 toward the disk rotor 2 exhibits an arc-like behavior, and the initial padding padding in the brake operation is filled. While quick response can be obtained in the operation, the characteristic that the inner pad 3 moves at a gentle change rate at the end of the braking operation in which the inner pad 3 contacts the side surface of the disk rotor 2 is obtained. Therefore, the time until the brake operation is started is short and the response is good. In addition, the inner pad 3 can be brought into contact with the side surface of the disk rotor 2 relatively gently, and the life of these parts can be extended.

  Returning to FIG. 1, when the inner pad 3 comes into contact with the side surface of the disk rotor 2 and pressing starts, the inner pad 3 is rotated by the frictional force with the disk rotor 2, and the toggle member 11 is moved to the vicinity of the support shaft 11C. Assist the rocking movement with the rocking fulcrum as the fulcrum. This promoted swinging motion further presses the inner pad 3 against the side surface of the disk rotor 2. Here, the self-boosting function of the braking force by the braking torque generated in the rotational tangential direction due to the sliding contact between the inner pad 3 and the disk rotor 2 is generated. On the other hand, when the vehicle moves backward, the disk rotor 2 rotates in the direction opposite to the arrow direction in FIG. The electric motors 6 and 7 are also reversely rotated by interlocking with the reverse position of the transmission to move the pressure plate 10 of the inner pad 3 in the left direction of the drawing, and the toggle member 11 is moved on both the anchor plates 12. The vicinity of the other support shaft 11B on the bottom side is swung counterclockwise (on the drawing) with a swing fulcrum. Since the following operations are the same as in the forward movement, the description is omitted.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan cross-sectional view of the main part when the adjuster is adjusted when the pad wears in the self-boosting brake device of the present invention. The adjuster adjusting mechanism is constituted by a cylindrical shape screwed to the anchor plate 12 and a shaft (not shown in detail in the drawing) of the anchor portion 14 mounted on the bottom portion 1A of the caliper body 1. An adjuster portion 13, an adjuster gear 13 A formed on the outer periphery of the adjuster portion 13, and a pin shaft 18 A that is pivotally supported by the anchor plate 12, and a tip end 18 C side is biased toward the anchor plate 12 by a return spring 19. This is the adjusted adjuster 18. The adjuster gear 13A and the tip claw 18C of the adjuster lever 18 can rotate the adjuster gear 13A only in one direction by ratchet engagement.

  Since the inner pad 3 is worn, an excessive swing stalk (swing angle β (> α)) is generated in the toggle member 11 when the inner pad 3 is worn. The adjuster lever 18 that is supported and pulled by the return spring 19 swings clockwise (on the drawing). As the base portion 18B of the adjuster lever 18 follows the bottom side of the toggle member 11, the tip claw 18C engages with the adjuster gear 13A to rotate the ratchet, thereby rotating the adjuster portion 13. As a result, the adjuster portion 13 moves forward with respect to the screwing shaft of the anchor portion 14, and the anchor plate 12 is moved toward the disk rotor 2 by the amount of wear of the inner pad 3 for adjustment. When the toggle member 11 returns to the initial position when the brake is released, the adjuster lever 18 is rotated counterclockwise against the restoring force of the return spring 19, but the adjuster is actuated by the ratchet action of the tip pawl 18C and the adjuster gear 13A. The gear 13A does not reversely rotate.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the shape of the caliper body (the shape extending from the inner pad side to the outside of the outer pad, etc.), the type, and the attachment to the support within the scope of the present invention. Sliding form (appropriate sliding member can be employed in addition to sliding pin), actuator shape, type (preferably an electric motor is employed, but fluid motor is not excluded) and number (preferred) The two small, small-capacity electric motors are arranged on both sides of the toggle member on the circumference of the disk rotor), and the shape and type of the eccentric cam gear, including the installation form of the eccentric cam pin, Drive configuration of the disk rotor in the rotational tangential direction (the shape of the pin guide groove in the pressure plate, and the operating force generated between the eccentric cam pin during forward and reverse movements is different) The pin guide groove may be inclined so that the eccentric cam pin is inserted into the groove, and the shape of the toggle member (solid substantially regular triangular shape as in the embodiment, etc.), An apex chevron shape, a hollow, equilateral triangle shape, etc., type and its support form on the inner pad (pressure plate), and mounting form on the caliper body (anchor plate) (rolling or sliding in a free state) The position adjustment mode of the toggle member in the caliper body with respect to the disk rotor (the shape and type of the adjuster lever, the swinging mode, the adjustment mode of the adjuster lever and the adjuster gear by the ratchet engagement), etc. can be selected as appropriate. The specifications described in the examples are merely examples in all respects and should not be interpreted in a limited manner.

1 is a plan sectional view at the time of braking showing a first embodiment of a self-boosting brake device of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the initial state. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan sectional view of a main part during adjustment of the adjuster during pad wear. It is a comparison figure of the behavior of a pad with the thing by the self boost type brake device of the present invention, and the conventional one. It is explanatory drawing of the electromechanical brake shown as a 1st prior art example. It is explanatory drawing of the friction brake provided with the self booster shown as a 2nd prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Caliper body 1A Bottom part 2 Disc rotor 3 Inner pad 4 Outer pad 5 Sliding pin 6 1st actuator (electric motor)
6A 1st output gear 7 2nd actuator (electric motor)
7A 2nd output gear 8 1st eccentric cam gear 8A 1st eccentric cam pin 9 2nd eccentric cam gear 9A 2nd eccentric cam pin 10 Pressure plate 10A Pin guide groove 10B Support part 11 Toggle member 11A Top support shaft 11B 1st support shaft 11C 2nd Support shaft 12 Anchor plate

Claims (4)

In a brake device that performs a braking operation by pressing a disc rotor with an inner pad and an outer pad through a caliper body incorporating an inner pad pressing mechanism, an actuator that drives the inner pad in a rotational tangential direction of the disc rotor, and an inner pad A toggle member that swings so as to press the inner pad against the disk rotor as it moves is placed on the caliper body, and the actuator is arranged on both sides of the toggle member on the circumference of the disk rotor. A self-boosting brake device characterized by that. 2. The self-boosting type according to claim 1, wherein the toggle member is configured such that a top portion thereof is pivotally supported by a support portion of the inner pad, and is swingable with each of both bottom side portions as fulcrums. Brake device. The said actuator is comprised by the electric motor and it comprised so that the said inner pad might be driven in the rotation tangent direction of a disk rotor by the eccentric cam gear rotated by this electric motor, The structure of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Self-boosting brake device. The toggle member is mounted on an anchor plate disposed in a caliper body so that the position of the toggle member can be adjusted with respect to the disk rotor. 4. The self-boosting brake device according to claim 1, wherein the position is adjusted.

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