JP2009160531A - Flotation separation apparatus and flotation separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flotation separation apparatus and a flotation separation method capable of reliably separating a foamed body from a material containing the foamed body. <P>SOLUTION: The flotation separation apparatus 1 for separating a foamed body by floating a material containing the foamed body in a liquid 2 to separate the foamed body comprises an outside casing 3 for containing the liquid 2, an inside cylinder 4 installed in the outside casing 3 while being communicated with the outside casing 3 for receiving the material, horizontally rotating blades 5 installed in the outside casing 3 for stirring the liquid 2, and vertically movable blades 6 capable of being vertically moved and installed in the inside cylinder 4. The material in wet state is charged to the flotation separation apparatus 1 to separate the foamed body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a floating sorting apparatus and a floating sorting method, and more particularly, to a floating sorting apparatus and a floating sorting method for sorting a foam by floating a material containing foam in a liquid.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a sorting apparatus for sorting a target material from various materials is known.
For example, a specific gravity sorter having an inner cyclone whose lower end is opened and a bottomed outer cyclone that is provided outside and contains water has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

And in the specific gravity sorter proposed in Patent Document 1, a material containing spherical PP and PET and aluminum particles is introduced into water that becomes a vortex in the inner cyclone, and first, aluminum particles having a large specific gravity are precipitated. Then, while PP and PET are lowered in the inner cyclone, they are moved and floated by the vortex from the inner cyclone to the outer cyclone.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-244536

However, materials such as resin to be discarded include foams such as foamed polystyrene, and it is necessary to select such foams.
However, with the specific gravity sorter proposed in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to sort the foam.
An object of the present invention is to provide a floating sorting apparatus and a floating sorting method capable of reliably sorting a foam from a material containing the foam.

  In order to achieve the above object, a floating sorting apparatus of the present invention is a floating sorting apparatus that floats a material containing foam in a liquid and sorts the foam, and includes an outer casing for containing the liquid, An inner cylinder that is disposed in the outer casing so as to communicate with the outer casing and receives the material; a first blade that is provided in the outer casing and is horizontally rotatable to stir the liquid; A second blade provided in the inner cylinder and movable up and down is provided.

In this sorting device, the material received in the inner cylinder is separated in the vertical direction by the downward flow and upward flow of the liquid based on the vertical movement of the second blade.
That is, the material is once pushed down by the downward flow of the liquid based on the downward movement of the second blade. Subsequently, the foam having an extremely small specific gravity relatively follows the upward flow of the liquid based on the upward movement of the second blade, and is pushed upward to rise.

  On the other hand, the material other than the foam relatively does not follow the upward flow of the liquid based on the upward movement of the second blade, and floats as it is in the lower portion in the inner cylinder. The material other than the foam is an outer casing that communicates with the centrifugal force toward the outside in the horizontal direction while being horizontally rotated by the vortex resulting from the horizontal agitation based on the horizontal rotation of the first blade. Move to.

Therefore, the foam can be reliably selected from the materials by collecting the foam floating in the inner cylinder and the material other than the foam of the outer casing.
As a result, the foam can be reliably selected with a simple configuration.
In the floating sorting apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the float sorting apparatus further includes a supply unit for supplying a material toward the middle of the inner cylinder in the vertical direction.

In this floating sorting apparatus, the material supplied in the middle of the inner cylinder in the vertical direction is smoothly and reliably applied to both the downward flow and the upward flow of the second blade by the supply unit. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the foam that is pushed upward relatively and the material other than the foam that is pushed downward relatively. As a result, the foam can be efficiently sorted.
In the floating sorting device of the present invention, it is preferable that the second blade is provided to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.

In this floating sorting device, the material easily floats at a portion inclined upward from the horizontal direction of the second blade, and the material easily settles at a portion inclined downward from the horizontal direction of the second blade. Therefore, a foam and materials other than a foam can be isolate | separated efficiently and a foam can be sorted efficiently.
Further, in the floating sorting apparatus according to the present invention, an extraction part for taking out the foam from the inner cylinder is provided at an upper part of the inner cylinder, and a retention part for retaining a liquid below the extraction part. Is preferably provided.

In this sorting device, in the upper part of the inner cylinder, the foam that is pushed up and floats upward in the liquid is retained together with the liquid by the retaining part. If it does so, since a foam will produce stagnation by a retention part, it can isolate | separate reliably.
For this reason, if the retained foam is taken out from the take-out portion, excessive discharge of the liquid from the upper portion of the inner cylinder can be suppressed.

As a result, the foam can be efficiently sorted while reducing the cost of sorting the foam by reliably preventing the foam from being mixed.
Further, in the floating sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the inner cylinder is provided with an intake part for taking in the material into the inner cylinder, and the extraction part and the intake part sandwich the axis of the inner cylinder. It is preferable that they are arranged to face each other.

In this floating sorting apparatus, the material is taken in from the intake part, the foam is separated while passing the material along the diameter direction of the inner cylinder, and the foam is taken out at the take-out part. Extraction can be carried out smoothly. Therefore, a foam can be sorted efficiently.
The floating sorting method of the present invention is a floating sorting method in which a material containing foam is suspended in a liquid and the foam is sorted, and the wet material is put into the floating sorting device. And a step of sorting the foam by the floating sorting device.

In this floating sorting method, since the wet material is put into the above floating sorting apparatus, the foam can surely float and the materials other than the foam can be floated reliably in the floating sorting apparatus. Therefore, a foam can be sorted efficiently.
In the floating sorting method of the present invention, it is preferable that the first blade is horizontally rotated at a peripheral speed of 3 to 30 m / min, and the second blade is reciprocated up and down at a speed of 5 to 50 m / min. is there.

  In this floating sorting method, the first blade is horizontally rotated at a specific speed at a slow speed, and the second blade is reciprocated up and down at a specific speed at a slow speed. Materials other than the body can be reliably suspended. Therefore, a foam can be sorted efficiently.

  According to the floating sorting apparatus and the floating sorting method of the present invention, the foam can be reliably sorted with a simple configuration.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a floating sorting apparatus of the present invention used in the floating sorting method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along arrow AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a front view of an outer casing, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the outer casing shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of the inner cylinder, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of the second blade. FIG. 8 is a view taken in the direction of arrow C in FIG.
In FIG. 2, the first frame 43 and the second frame 44 are omitted in order to clearly show the relative positions of the outer casing 3 and the inner cylinder 4.

In addition, with respect to the direction, with reference to FIG. 1, the right side of the page is “right side” (one side), the left side of the page is “left side” (the other side), the upper side of the page is “upper side”, and the lower side of the page is “lower side”. The front side of the paper surface is referred to as “front side”, and the back side of the paper surface is referred to as “rear side”.
In FIG. 1, this floating sorting device 1 is a floating sorting device 1 that floats a material containing foam in a liquid 2 and sorts the foam, and an outer casing 3 for containing the liquid 2, and a material , A horizontal rotary blade 5 as a first blade for stirring the liquid 2, and a vertically moving blade 6 as a second blade.

The outer casing 3 is supported by the first frame 43 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and is arranged at the substantially vertical center of the floating sorting device 1. As shown in FIGS. It is formed in an open bottomed substantially cylindrical shape. The outer casing 3 is integrally provided with a first side wall 8 extending in the vertical direction and a first bottom wall 9 continuous from the lower end of the first side wall 8.
On the first side wall 8, a small specific gravity extraction portion 10 is formed on the top of the first side wall 8.

The small specific gravity extraction part 10 is provided for taking out a material (for example, a small specific gravity resin described later) that floats in the selection of a foam, which will be described later, and is disposed at the front end of the upper end portion of the first side wall 8. It is formed into a shape. The small specific gravity extraction part 10 is formed in a substantially U-shaped front section and is formed so as to continuously bulge from the front end of the first side wall 8.
In addition, a space defined by the small specific gravity extraction unit 10 is formed as a small specific gravity extraction chamber 18. The small specific gravity extraction chamber 18 communicates with the internal space of the outer casing 3 (second sorting chamber 28 described later shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).

Further, the first side wall 8 is provided with an attachment portion 12, a supply receiving portion 13, and a foam take-out receiving portion 14.
The attachment portion 12 is provided to attach and fix the first side wall 8 to the first frame 43 (see FIG. 1), and on the outer side surface of the first side wall 8 in the vertical direction, in the circumferential direction of the first side wall 8. A plurality are provided at intervals.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the supply receiving unit 13 is provided to accommodate a material intake pipe 33 to which a supply feeder 31 as a supply unit to be described later is connected, and is arranged at the upper left end of the first side wall 8. Has been. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the supply receiving portion 13 is formed so as to protrude obliquely upward to the left from the left end of the first side wall 8.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the foam take-out receiving portion 14 is provided to accommodate a foam take-out tube 34 described later, and is disposed at the upper right end of the first side wall 8. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the foam take-out receiving portion 14 is formed so as to protrude obliquely downward to the right from the right end of the first side wall 8.

The first bottom wall 9 is formed in a curved shape with a normal cross section that protrudes downward from the lower end of the first side wall 8 toward the center in the radial direction.
The first bottom wall 9 is provided with a large specific gravity extraction portion 11 at the center in the front-rear direction and the center in the left-right direction.
The large specific gravity extraction portion 11 is provided to take out a material (for example, a high specific gravity resin described later) that settles and precipitates in the selection of the foam, and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. Specifically, the large specific gravity extraction unit 11 includes a second large specific gravity extraction pipe 19.

The second large specific gravity extraction pipe 19 is formed so as to extend in the vertical direction, and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the first bottom wall 9.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a lower pipe 49 extending downward through an open / close gate 20 is connected to the lower end of the second large specific gravity extraction pipe 19, and an extraction feeder 21 is connected to the lower end of the lower pipe 49. It is connected.

The open / close gate 20 is provided so as to be able to open and close between the second large specific gravity extraction pipe 19 and the lower pipe 49. The open / close gate 20 can be configured to open and close at a constant cycle by automatic operation.
The take-out feeder 21 is a screw feeder and is provided so as to be able to take out the material that precipitates at the lower end of the lower pipe 49.

  The inner cylinder 4 is supported by the second frame 44 via a substantially rectangular flat plate-like base 7 and a support rod 68 and is provided in the outer casing 3. That is, the inner cylinder 4 is disposed on the inner side in the front-rear direction and the inner side in the left-right direction of the outer casing 3 with a space therebetween. Further, the inner cylinder 4 is arranged so that the axis thereof overlaps the axis along the vertical direction of the first side wall 8 of the outer casing 3, that is, concentrically with the outer casing 3.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inner cylinder 4 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape whose upper end and lower end are opened. Specifically, the inner cylinder 4 has a slightly smaller inner diameter in the middle of the lower end and in the vertical direction. The upper end is formed in a substantially straight pipe shape.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inner cylinder 4 is disposed in the outer casing 3 so as to communicate with the outer casing 3. That is, the lower end of the inner cylinder 4 is disposed so as to face the outer casing 3. Further, the upper end of the inner cylinder 4 is disposed so as to slightly protrude above the upper end of the outer casing 3.

  Thereby, a space (second sorting chamber) 28 defined by these is formed outside the inner cylinder 4, that is, between the inner cylinder 4 and the outer casing 3, and inside the inner cylinder 4. A space (first sorting chamber) 27 partitioned by this is formed. The first sorting chamber 27 and the second sorting chamber 28 communicate with each other through the communication port 26 that is the lower end of the inner cylinder 4.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inner cylinder 4 is formed with a material taking-in part 29 as an taking-in part and a foam take-out part 30 as a taking-out part.
The material intake portion 29 is provided for taking the material into the inner cylinder 4, is disposed in the middle of the left end of the inner cylinder 4 in the vertical direction, and includes a material intake pipe 33.
The material intake pipe 33 is formed so as to extend in the vertical direction, specifically, from the obliquely lower right side to the obliquely upper left side. The material intake pipe 33 is formed in a substantially straight pipe shape, and the lower end thereof is connected to the middle of the inner cylinder 4 in the vertical direction. A first flange 45 is provided at the upper end of the material intake pipe 33.

Then, the material intake pipe 33 is connected to the inner cylinder 4 in the middle of the left end of the inner cylinder 4 in the vertical direction, so that the material side opening 66 is formed in the middle of the inner cylinder 4 in the vertical direction. The first sorting chamber 27 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) and the internal space of the material intake pipe 33 communicate with each other.
Further, a supply feeder 31 is provided on the upper side of the material intake pipe 33 as shown in FIG.

  The supply feeder 31 is a screw feeder provided to supply the material to the inner cylinder 4, and the lower part of the screw (supply screw) 32 is inserted into the material intake pipe 33. The supply feeder 31 is attached to the material intake pipe 33 by fixing a third flange 47 and a first flange 45 provided at the lower end of the supply feeder 31.

In addition, a chute 35 for supplying material to the supply feeder 31 is provided on the upper portion of the supply feeder 31. The chute 35 is formed in a hollow shape having a substantially trapezoidal shape in plan view with an inner diameter decreasing downward. In addition, a liquid injection device (not shown) is provided in the chute 35.
The liquid injection device is configured to inject liquid (water) into the material according to the state of the material charged into the chute 35.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the foam take-out part 30 is provided to take out the foam floating in the selection of the foam from the inner cylinder 4, and the material take-in part 29 and the axis 22 of the inner cylinder 4 are connected to each other. Oppositely arranged across. That is, the foam take-out portion 30 is disposed at the upper right portion of the inner cylinder 4. The foam take-out part 30 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape that extends in the left-right direction (diameter direction of the inner cylinder 4) and is opened upward.

The foam take-out part 30 includes a staying part 37 arranged on the left side (diameter direction inside of the inner cylinder 4) and a recovery part 38 arranged on the right side (diameter direction outside of the inner cylinder 4).
The retention part 37 is provided to retain the liquid 2 and integrally includes a third bottom wall 39 and a third side wall 40 disposed below the foam take-out part 30.
The third bottom wall 39 is formed continuously with the right end of the inner cylinder 4, and is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape in plan view extending obliquely upward to the right from the right end of the inner cylinder 4.

The third side wall 40 is formed continuously with the right end of the inner cylinder 4, and is formed in a flat plate shape extending upward from both front and rear direction ends of the third bottom wall 39.
In the stay portion 37, a space defined by the third bottom wall 39 and the third side wall 40 is formed as a stay chamber 64.
The recovery unit 38 integrally includes a fourth bottom wall 41 that is continuously arranged on the right side of the third bottom wall 39 and a fourth side wall 42 that is continuously arranged on the right side of the third side wall 40. Yes.

The fourth bottom wall 41 is formed in a flat plate shape that extends obliquely downward to the right from the right end of the third bottom wall 39. Further, the fourth bottom wall 41 becomes narrower from the right end of the third bottom wall 39 toward the right (in the middle of the fourth bottom wall 41 in the left-right direction), and thereafter, from the middle in the left-right direction to the right further. It is formed with a width.
The fourth side wall 42 extends upward from both front and rear direction ends of the fourth bottom wall 41 so as to correspond to the planar shape of the fourth bottom wall 41 and is formed in a flat plate shape.

In the recovery part 38, a space defined by the fourth bottom wall 41 and the fourth side wall 42 is formed as a recovery chamber 65.
The inner cylinder 4 has a third bottom wall 39 and a third side wall 40 of the foam take-out portion 30 connected to the upper right end of the inner cylinder 4 so that the upper end of the inner cylinder 4 is cut away. A foam side opening 67 having a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view is formed.

In the inner cylinder 4, the retention chamber 64 and the recovery chamber 65 communicate with each other, and the retention chamber 64 communicates with the first sorting chamber 27 (see FIG. 1) via the foam side opening 67. Yes.
A second flange 46 is provided at the upper end of the first inner cylinder 4. As shown in FIG. 1, a support rod 68 provided on the upper side of the second flange 46 is connected to the second frame via the base 7. By being fixed to 44, the first inner cylinder 4 is supported by the second frame 44.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the horizontal rotary blade 5 is provided in the outer casing 3, and is supported at the rotary shaft 52 along the axis of the outer casing 3 and the inner cylinder 4 and at the lower end of the rotary shaft 52. The horizontal rotary blade member 53 is provided.
The rotation shaft 52 is disposed so as to penetrate the inner cylinder 4 and, more specifically, to pass through a support cylinder 59 of the vertically moving blade 6 described later. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a motor 51 supported on the second frame 44 via the base 7 is provided at the upper part of the rotating shaft 52, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 52 is connected to the motor 51.

As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal rotating blade member 53 includes a plurality (three) of horizontal blades extending radially outward from the lower end of the rotating shaft 52. When the rotating shaft 52 is rotated by the rotation drive of the motor 51, the horizontal blades of the horizontal rotating blade member 53 are horizontally rotated.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vertical movement blade 6 is provided in the inner cylinder 4, and includes a support cylinder 59 and a vertical movement blade member 63 supported at the lower end of the support cylinder 59. .

The support cylinder 59 is disposed so that the axis thereof overlaps the axis of the inner cylinder 4, that is, concentrically with the inner cylinder 4, and the rotation shaft 52 is rotatably fitted around the support cylinder 59.
The support cylinder 59 is arranged so as to be movable up and down with respect to the rotation shaft 52. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a horizontal rod 58 is provided integrally with the support cylinder 59 at the upper end of the support cylinder 59.

The horizontal rod 58 extends in the left-right direction, and at the center in the left-right direction, the support cylinder 59 is fixed and a through-hole through which the rotary shaft 52 passes is formed. In addition, a lower end 55 of an upper and lower rod 56 that is slidably supported by the cylinder 54 so as to move up and down is continuous with the right end of the horizontal rod 58.
The vertical rod 56 extends in the vertical direction, and is inserted into and supported by the cylinder 54 so as to slide in a vertically movable manner within the cylinder 54 fixed to the second frame 44. An adjustment member 57 for adjusting the vertical movement range of the vertical rod 56 is provided at the upper end of the vertical rod 56.

The cylinder 54 is an air cylinder that moves the vertical rod 56 up and down by compressed air. The cylinder 54 is provided with a speed adjusting device (for example, a speed controller) (not shown) for adjusting the speed of vertical movement (sliding) of the vertical rod 56.
Further, a guide rod 25 is provided at the other end portion (left end portion) in the left-right direction of the horizontal rod 58. The horizontal rod 58 is moved up and down while securing its horizontal posture by the guide rod 25 and the upper and lower rods 56. It is formed to move.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the vertically moving blade member 63 is provided in the inner cylinder 4, and is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, specifically, upward as it goes from left to right. Is provided. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1, 7, and 8, the vertically moving blade member 63 extends to the outer side in the radial direction from the ring-shaped base 62 through which the rotation shaft 52 is inserted at the lower end of the support tube 59. A vertically moving blade member 63 is integrally provided.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the base 62 is formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction. The base portion 62 is slidably provided in close contact with the rotating shaft 52 and closes the lower end of the support tube 59.
As shown in FIG. 8, the vertical moving blade member 63 is formed in a radial shape. Specifically, a plurality of vertically moving blade members 63 are cut out in a substantially concave shape radially inward from the peripheral end of the flat plate-like disk member 69. The notch 70 is formed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the vertically moving blade member 63 is provided to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, that is, the axis (blade axis) 71 of the vertically moving blade member 63 (disk member 69) is provided. The base 62 is provided so as to intersect with the axis (base axis) 72 of the base 62. The angle α formed by the blade axis 71 and the base axis 72 is, for example, 3 to 30 degrees, preferably 5 to 15 degrees.

  In the vertically moving blade 6, the vertical rod 56, the horizontal rod 58 and the support cylinder 59 are moved up and down by the cylinder 54 and adjusted by the adjusting member 57, as indicated by arrows (solid line and broken line) in FIG. In the vertical movement range, the vertical moving blade member 63 reciprocates up and down. Specifically, the vertical movement blade member 63 is vertically moved by the adjustment member 57 so that the vertical movement (stroke) range of the vertical movement blade member 63 includes the material side opening 66 of the material intake pipe 33 in the vertical direction. The direction movement range has been adjusted. The vertical movement speed of the vertical movement blade member 63 is adjusted by a speed adjustment device.

And this floating sorting apparatus 1 is assembled in the following procedures.
That is, first, the base 7 is prepared, and the motor 51 and the cylinder 54 are fixed to the base 7.
Next, the upper end of the rotating shaft 52 is attached to the motor 51, and the upper and lower rods 56 are inserted into the cylinder 54.

Next, the horizontal rod 58 is inserted into the rotating shaft 52 from the lower end of the rotating shaft 52, and then the horizontal rod 58 and the lower end 55 of the upper and lower rod 56 are connected. Next, the lower end of the guide rod 25 is attached to the horizontal rod 58.
Next, the inner cylinder 4 is inserted into the rotation shaft 52 from the lower end of the rotation shaft 52.
Separately, the vertically moving blade member 63 is attached to the support cylinder 59, then the support rod 68 is attached to the second flange 46, and the support rod 68 is attached to the base 7.

Next, the horizontal rotary blade member 53 is attached to the rotary shaft 52.
Separately, the outer casing 3 is prepared, the attachment portion 12 is fixed to the first frame 43, and then the base 7 is inserted into the outer casing 3 from above the second frame 44 so that the inner cylinder 4 is inserted into the outer casing 3. 2 fixed to the frame 44.
Thereafter, the space between the foam take-out pipe 34 and the foam take-out receiving portion 14 is sealed with a seal member.

Next, an embodiment of the floating sorting method of the present invention will be described.
In this method, first, a material is prepared.
The material is, for example, a resin containing a foam, and specifically, a waste plastic containing a foam discarded by a general consumer (more specifically, a plastic recovery product based on the “Container Recycling Law”) ) And the like.

Examples of the foam include foamed resin having a remarkably small specific gravity such as foamed polystyrene (foamed PS) used for food trays.
Examples of the resin other than the foam include foams such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and the like whose specific gravity is slightly smaller than 1 (small specific gravity resin), and polystyrene (for example, expanded polystyrene (OPS)). Polystyrene except PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC, specifically rigid PVC, etc.), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin (ABS), etc. Resins larger than 1 (high specific gravity resin) and the like can be mentioned.

The specific gravity of such a low specific gravity resin is, for example, 0.9 to 0.96, and the specific gravity of the large specific gravity resin is, for example, 1.1 to 1.7.
The content ratio of each component in the material is, for example, 3 to 8 parts by weight of the foam and 85 to 95 parts by weight of the material other than the foam in 100 parts by weight of the material. More specifically, in 100 parts by weight of the material, for example, the foamed PS is 5 to 6 parts by weight, the low specific gravity resin is about 90 parts by weight, and the high specific gravity resin is the balance thereof.

Further, the above-described materials are pulverized in advance by a known pulverizer as necessary. By this grinding, the maximum length of the material is adjusted to, for example, 5 to 50 mm, preferably 10 to 30 mm.
The method then wets the material. That is, the liquid is applied to the material by a spraying method such as spraying, or the material is immersed in the liquid.

Examples of the liquid include water or a surfactant aqueous solution containing a surfactant.
Examples of the surfactant include known surfactants such as an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant. The content ratio of the surfactant is set, for example, such that the specific gravity of the surfactant aqueous solution is equal to or lower than the specific gravity of the high specific gravity resin, specifically, for example, 1 weight part or less, Preferably, it is set to 0.5 parts by weight or less (usually 0.3 parts by weight or more). When the content ratio of the surfactant exceeds the above range, the specific gravity of the surfactant aqueous solution is larger than the specific gravity of the large specific gravity resin, so that the large specific gravity resin cannot be settled. May not be collected separately.

  Thereby, the moisture content of the material is set to, for example, 50% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight or more, more specifically about 70% by weight. If the moisture content of the material is not within the above range, especially if it is less than the above range, air (bubbles) or oil film is likely to adhere to the surface of the material, so it is difficult to lift only the foam in the selection. In some cases, the floating speeds of the foamed PS and PE and PP cannot be made different.

Further, the floating sorting apparatus 1 is filled with the liquid 2. As the liquid 2, the same liquid as described above is used.
In order to fill the floating sorting apparatus 1 with the liquid 2, the liquid level is adjusted so that the second sorting chamber 28 and the first sorting chamber 27 are filled with the liquid 2 from the upper end of the outer casing 3 or the upper end of the inner cylinder 4. The liquid 2 is injected (injected) until it reaches the same height as the right end of the staying portion 37.

Next, in this method, the horizontal rotating blade member 53 of the floating sorting device 1 is rotated horizontally and the vertically moving blade member 63 is reciprocated up and down.
That is, the horizontal rotating blade member 53 is slowly rotated horizontally through the rotating shaft 52 by the rotational drive of the motor 51. Further, the vertical movement blade member 63 is slowly reciprocated up and down through the horizontal rod 58, the support cylinder 59 and the base 62 by the vertical movement of the vertical rod 56.

Specifically, the peripheral speed of the horizontal rotary blade member 53 is set to, for example, 3 to 30 m / min, preferably 10 to 20 m / min, and the horizontal rotary blade member 53 is rotated horizontally. Further, the vertical reciprocating speed of the vertically moving blade member 63 is set to, for example, 5 to 50 m / min, preferably 25 to 50 m / min.
When the peripheral speed of the horizontal rotating blade member 53 and the vertical reciprocating speed of the vertically moving blade member 63 are not within the above ranges, the foam is surely lifted and the high specific gravity resin and the low specific gravity resin are reliably floated. It may not be possible. Therefore, the foam may not be sorted efficiently.

In the first sorting chamber 27, the up and down reciprocating movement of the up and down moving blade member 63 generates an upward flow and a downward flow of the liquid 2. Further, in the second sorting chamber 28, the horizontal rotation of the horizontal rotating blade member 53 causes the liquid 2 to rotate horizontally, and a horizontal vortex of the liquid 2 is generated.
Next, in this method, the material is charged into the floating sorting apparatus 1 (charging process).
Specifically, first, the material is put into the chute 35, and then the material is sent out from the material side opening 66 to the first sorting chamber 27 by the rotation of the supply screw 32 of the supply feeder 31. At the same time, the supply of the material into the inner cylinder 4 is promoted and the liquid 2 is replenished, and the liquid is injected from a liquid injection device (not shown). The liquid 2 to be injected is the same as the liquid 2 described above.

Then, in the first sorting chamber 27, the material is separated in the vertical direction by the downward flow and the upward flow of the liquid 2 based on the vertical movement of the vertical moving blade member 63 (screening step).
That is, the material is once pushed down to the lower portion of the first sorting chamber 27 by the downward flow of the liquid 2 based on the downward movement of the up and down moving blade member 63.
Subsequently, the foam having a very small specific gravity follows the upward flow of the liquid 2 based on the upward movement of the up-and-down moving blade member 63, and is pushed upward to rise. Further, the liquid 2 and the foam are retained in the upper portion of the first sorting chamber 27 by the retaining portion 37, and the foam is collectively taken out from the collection portion 38 and sorted.

  On the other hand, the materials other than the foam, that is, the small specific gravity resin and the large specific gravity resin do not follow the upward flow of the liquid 2 based on the upward movement of the vertical moving blade member 63, and the first sorting chamber in the inner cylinder 4. It floats at the bottom of 27. The small specific gravity resin and the large specific gravity resin are horizontally rotated by a horizontal eddy current based on the horizontal rotation of the horizontal rotary blade member 53, and are rotated horizontally while being rotated horizontally outward from the inner cylinder 4 to the outer casing 3, That is, the first sorting chamber 27 moves to the second sorting chamber 28 via the communication port 26 and hesitates.

Subsequently, the small specific gravity resin and the large specific gravity resin are separated in the vertical direction in the second sorting chamber 28 due to the difference in specific gravity.
That is, since the specific gravity is smaller than 1, the low specific gravity resin floats so as to be pressed against the first side wall 8 of the outer casing 3 by centrifugal force, and is taken out from the small specific gravity extraction chamber 18.

On the other hand, since the specific gravity resin has a specific gravity greater than 1, it settles and settles in the second large specific gravity extraction pipe 19. Further, the high specific gravity resin reaches the inlet of the take-out feeder 21 when the open / close gate 20 is opened, and is collected from an outlet (not shown) of the take-out feeder 21.
That is, in this method, the foam is selected from the material, the large specific gravity resin is recovered, and the small specific gravity resin is recovered. Specifically, foamed PS, PET and hard PVC are selected from the materials and discarded, and then PE and PP can be recovered and recycled.

In this method, the material containing the foam received from the supply feeder 31 into the first sorting chamber 27 of the inner cylinder 4 is moved up and down by the downward flow and the upward flow of the liquid 2 based on the vertical movement of the vertical movement blade member 63. Separated in direction.
Therefore, by collecting the foam floating in the first sorting chamber 27 and the large specific gravity resin and the small specific gravity resin in the second sorting chamber 28, it is possible to reliably sort the foam from the resin.

As a result, the foam can be reliably selected with a simple configuration.
Further, in this method, the material fed in the middle of the first sorting chamber 27 by the supply feeder 31 is forcibly introduced into the liquid 2 in the first sorting chamber 27, and the vertical moving blades of the liquid 2 It acts smoothly and reliably on both the downward flow and the upward flow by the member 63.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the foam that is pushed upward and the material of the large specific gravity resin and the small specific gravity resin that are pushed downward. As a result, the foam can be efficiently sorted.

In this method, the material easily floats at the right portion of the vertically moving blade member 63 inclined upward from the horizontal direction, and the material sinks at the left portion of the vertically moving blade member 63 inclined downward from the horizontal direction. It becomes easy.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the foam from the large specific gravity resin and the small specific gravity resin, and to select the foam efficiently.

Further, in the floating sorting device 1 used in this method, the foam that is pushed upward in the liquid 2 and floats in the upper portion of the inner cylinder 4 is retained together with the liquid 2 by the retaining portion 37. As a result, the foam is stagnated by the staying portion 37 and can be reliably separated.
And since the foam which stayed is taken out collectively from the foam extraction part 30, the excess discharge | emission of the liquid 2 from the upper part of the inner side cylinder 4 can be suppressed.

As a result, the foam can be efficiently sorted while reducing the cost of sorting the foam by reliably preventing the foam from being mixed.
Further, in the floating sorting device 1 used in this method, the material is taken in from the material taking-in portion 29, and the foam is passed through the axis 22 along the diameter direction of the inner cylinder 4 in the first sorting chamber 27. Separation is performed, and the foam is taken out by the foam take-out unit 30, so that the intake (supply), separation, and take-out (collection) can be performed smoothly. Therefore, a foam can be sorted efficiently.

In the above description, as shown in FIG. 8, the vertically moving blade member 63 is formed by providing the disc member 69 with a plurality of notches 70, but for example, although not shown, one notch 70 is provided. be able to. Further, the vertically moving blade member 63 can be formed only from the disk member 69 without providing the notched portion 70 in the vertically moving blade member 63.
Preferably, the vertically moving blade member 63 is formed by providing a plurality of notches 70 in the disk member 69. Thereby, the material can be smoothly moved in the vertical direction by the notch 70.

In the above description, the material is supplied by the supply feeder 31. However, for example, although not shown, the material can be pushed out by a piston and a cylinder that houses the piston. Alternatively, the material can be directly fed into the material intake pipe 33 without providing the supply feeder 31.
In the above description, as shown in FIG. 1, the high specific gravity resin is taken out using the take-out feeder 21, but, for example, a known discharge device such as a rotary valve can be used, although not shown.

In the above description, the vertical moving blade member 63 is provided to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction. However, for example, although not illustrated, it can be provided along the horizontal direction.
In the above floating sorting method, one floating sorting device 1 is used. For example, although not shown, a plurality of floating sorting devices 1 can be connected in multiple stages in series. If it does in this way, the precision of selection of a foam can be raised.

It is a front sectional view of the floating sorting apparatus of the present invention used for the floating sorting method of the present invention. It is an AA arrow line view in FIG. It is a front view of an outer casing. It is a top view of the outer casing shown in FIG. It is a front sectional view of an inner cylinder. It is a BB arrow line view in FIG. It is a front sectional view of the second blade. It is C arrow line view in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Floating sorter 2 Liquid 3 Outer casing 4 Inner cylinder 5 Horizontal rotary blade 6 Vertical moving blade 7 Feed feeder 22 Axis 29 Material intake part 30 Foam takeout part

Claims (7)

A floating sorting device that floats a material containing foam in a liquid and sorts the foam,
An outer casing for containing the liquid;
An inner cylinder disposed within the outer casing and in communication with the outer casing for receiving the material;
A first blade provided in the outer casing and horizontally rotatable for stirring the liquid;
A floating sorting device comprising a second blade provided in the inner cylinder and movable up and down.   The floating sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a supply unit for supplying a material toward the middle of the inner cylinder in the vertical direction.   The floating sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second blade is provided to be inclined with respect to a horizontal direction. The upper part of the inner cylinder is provided with an extraction part for taking out the foam from the inner cylinder,
The floating sorting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a retention portion for retaining a liquid is provided below the extraction portion. The inner cylinder is provided with an intake for taking the material into the inner cylinder,
The floating sorting device according to claim 4, wherein the take-out portion and the take-in portion are arranged to face each other with the axis of the inner cylinder interposed therebetween. A floating sorting method for sorting the foam by floating a material containing the foam in a liquid,
Introducing the wet material into the floating sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
And a step of sorting the foam by the floating sorting device. The first blade is rotated horizontally at a peripheral speed of 3 to 30 m / min,
The floating sorting method according to claim 6, wherein the second blade is reciprocated up and down at a speed of 5 to 50 m / min.

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