JP2009159654A - Dc apparatus and dc power distribution system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress voltage fluctuation caused in a DC power supply line when the power supplied to a DC apparatus is turned on and off. <P>SOLUTION: The DC apparatus 102 is supplied with DC power from an AC/DC converter 112 via a DC power supply line Wdc connected to an AC/DC converter 112. The DC apparatus 102 a main circuit 1 driven on DC power, and a low pass filter 2 for suppressing voltage fluctuation caused on the DC supply line Wdc when the power supply to the main circuit 1 is turned on and off is provided between the main circuit 1 and the DC power supply line Wdc of the DC apparatus 102. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a DC device and a DC power distribution system used in a DC power distribution system that supplies DC power from a DC power source to a plurality of DC devices via a DC supply line connected to the DC power source.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various lighting devices including a light emitting diode (LED) as a light source and DC devices that operate by receiving DC power supply such as personal computers have been provided. Among these types of DC devices, those connected to a general AC outlet for supplying AC power from a commercial power source or the like include an rectifier circuit and converts an AC power source into a DC power source. (A built-in or external AC adapter is provided) so that a power supply from an AC outlet can be used (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

On the other hand, the applicant of the present application converts an AC power source such as a commercial power source into a DC power source by an AC / DC converter disposed in a distribution board such as a house, and is installed in each room, and a pair of positive and negative power feeding units A DC power distribution system that distributes DC power from a distribution board to a DC outlet such as a DC outlet via a DC supply line is proposed. When a DC device is used in this DC power distribution system, the DC device is connected to a DC outlet, so that DC power is supplied instead of AC power. Therefore, the AC / DC conversion circuit is not required for the DC device. Become.
JP 2007-59156 (page 4-5)

  By the way, in the above-described DC power distribution system, a switch inserted between the DC power source (AC / DC converter) and the DC device or a power switch provided in the DC device is operated, so that the power to the DC device is When the supply is turned on / off, the applied voltage to the DC device changes suddenly and a transient voltage such as an oscillation voltage or surge voltage (for example, due to a circuit capacitance component, an inductance component, etc.) is generated in the transient application voltage. As a result, the transient voltage may be superimposed on the DC supply line and voltage fluctuation may occur (see FIG. 3B). When voltage fluctuations occur in the DC supply line, malfunctions and malfunctions of other DC devices connected to the DC supply line may occur. In addition, the DC supply line may be used as a DC power supply path and also as a communication path. In this case, the voltage fluctuation may affect a communication signal and cause a communication error.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said reason, Comprising: It aims at providing the direct current | flow apparatus and DC distribution system which can suppress the voltage fluctuation which generate | occur | produces in a direct current | flow supply line.

  The invention of claim 1 is a DC device used in a DC power distribution system for supplying DC power from a DC power source to a plurality of DC devices via a DC supply line connected to the DC power source, and is driven by DC power. And a low-pass filter that is inserted between the main circuit and the DC supply line and suppresses voltage fluctuations that occur in the DC supply line when power supply to the main circuit is turned on and off.

  According to this configuration, since the low-pass filter is inserted between the main circuit and the DC supply line, even if the voltage applied to the main circuit changes suddenly when the power supply to the main circuit is turned on / off, the transient state Transient voltages such as oscillating voltage and surge voltage generated in the applied voltage are suppressed by the low-pass filter, and therefore voltage fluctuations generated in the DC supply line can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to prevent malfunctions and malfunctions of other DC devices connected to the DC supply line, or communication errors when the DC supply line is used as a communication line.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the low-pass filter includes a rectifying / smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes the DC power from the DC supply line.

  According to this configuration, since the low-pass filter includes the rectifying and smoothing circuit, it is possible to suppress voltage fluctuations that occur in the DC supply line with a relatively simple configuration.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the output voltage of the DC power supply is 50 V or less.

  According to this configuration, since the input voltage from the DC supply line is limited to a relatively narrow range of 50 V or less, the withstand voltage of the low-pass filter can be set smaller than when the input voltage exceeds 50 V.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plurality of DC devices according to any one of the first to third aspects.

  According to this configuration, a transient voltage such as an oscillation voltage or a surge voltage generated when power supply to some DC devices among a plurality of DC devices is turned on / off is suppressed by the low-pass filter, and a voltage generated in the DC supply line. Variations can be suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent malfunctions and malfunctions of other DC devices connected to the DC supply line, or communication errors when the DC supply line is used as a communication line.

  The present invention has an advantage that voltage fluctuations generated in the DC supply line can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a DC device described in the following embodiment converts an AC power source AC such as a commercial power source into a DC power source by an AC / DC converter 112 disposed in a distribution board 110 such as a house. The DC power distribution system distributes DC power from the distribution board 110 to a DC outlet such as a DC outlet 131 installed in each room and having a pair of positive and negative power feeding units.

  Here, the DC power distribution system will be briefly described below with reference to FIG.

  In the following description, a description will be given assuming a detached house as a building to which the DC power distribution system is applied, but this does not preclude the application of the technical concept of the DC power distribution system to an apartment house. As shown in FIG. 2, the house H is provided with a DC power supply unit 101 that outputs DC power and a DC device 102 as a load driven by the DC power, and an output end of the DC power supply unit 101. DC power is supplied to the DC device 102 through the DC supply line Wdc connected to the. A current flowing through the DC supply line Wdc is monitored between the DC power supply unit 101 and the DC device 102. When an abnormality is detected, power is supplied from the DC power supply unit 101 to the DC device 102 on the DC power supply line Wdc. A DC breaker 114 is provided for limiting or blocking the current.

  The DC supply line Wdc is used as both a DC power supply path and a communication path, and is connected to the DC supply line Wdc by superimposing a communication signal for transmitting data on a DC voltage using a high-frequency carrier wave. Enables communication between devices. This technique is similar to a power line carrier technique in which a communication signal is superimposed on an AC voltage in a power line that supplies AC power.

  The DC supply line Wdc is connected to the home server 116 via the DC power supply unit 101. The in-home server 116 is a main device for constructing a home communication network (hereinafter referred to as “home network”), and communicates with a subsystem constructed by the DC device 102 in the home network.

  In the example shown in the drawing, as an subsystem, an illumination system comprising an information equipment system K101 comprising an information-system DC device 102 such as a personal computer, a wireless access point, a router, and an IP telephone, and an illumination system DC equipment 102 such as a lighting fixture. K102, K105, an intercom system K103 including a DC device 102 for handling visitors and monitoring intruders, a residential alarm system K104 including a DC device 102 for an alarm system such as a fire detector, and the like. Each subsystem constitutes a self-supporting distributed system, and can operate even with the subsystem alone.

  The above-described DC breaker 114 is provided in association with a subsystem. In the illustrated example, four DCs are associated with the information equipment system K101, the lighting system K102 and the intercom system K103, the house alarm system K104, and the lighting system K105. A breaker 114 is provided. When a plurality of subsystems are associated with one DC breaker 114, a connection box 121 for dividing the system of the DC supply line Wdc is provided for each subsystem. In the illustrated example, a connection box 121 is provided between the illumination system K102 and the intercom system K103.

  As the information equipment system K101, there is provided an information equipment system K101 composed of a DC equipment 102 connected to a DC outlet 131 arranged in advance in the house H (constructed when the house H is constructed) in the form of a wall outlet or a floor outlet.

  The lighting systems K102 and K105 include a lighting system K102 composed of a lighting device (DC device 102) arranged in advance in the house H and a lighting device (DC device 102) connected to a hook ceiling 132 arranged in advance on the ceiling. An illumination system K105 is provided. At the time of interior construction of the house H, the contractor attaches the lighting fixture to the hook ceiling 132, or the householder himself attaches the lighting fixture.

  In addition to using an infrared remote control device, a control instruction for the lighting apparatus that is the DC device 102 constituting the lighting system K102 can be given using a communication signal from the switch 141 connected to the DC supply line Wdc. That is, the switch 141 has a communication function together with the DC device 102. In addition, a control instruction may be given by a communication signal from another DC device 102 in the home network or the home server 116 regardless of the operation of the switch 141. The instructions to the lighting fixture include lighting, extinguishing, dimming, and blinking lighting.

  Since any DC device 102 can be connected to the DC outlet 131 and the hooking ceiling 132 described above and DC power is output to the connected DC device 102, the DC outlet 131 and the hooking ceiling 132 are distinguished below. When it is not necessary, it is called “DC outlet”.

  These DC outlets are provided with plug-in connection ports (power feeding portions) into which contacts (not shown) provided directly on the DC device 102 or contacts (not shown) provided via connecting wires are inserted. It has a structure in which a contact receiver that opens to the body and directly contacts the contact inserted into the connection port is held by the container. That is, the direct current outlet supplies power in a contact manner. When the DC device 102 connected to the DC outlet has a communication function, a communication signal can be transmitted through the DC supply line Wdc. A communication function is provided not only in the DC device 102 but also in the DC outlet.

  The home server 116 not only is connected to the home network, but also has a connection port connected to the wide area network NT that constructs the Internet. When the in-home server 116 is connected to the wide area network NT, it is possible to receive services from the center server 200 that is a computer server connected to the wide area network NT.

  The service provided by the center server 200 includes a service that enables monitoring and control of equipment (including mainly the DC equipment 102 but also other equipment having a communication function) connected to the home network through the wide area network NT. is there. This service makes it possible to monitor and control devices connected to the home network using a communication terminal (not shown) having a browser function such as a personal computer, Internet TV, or mobile phone.

  The in-home server 116 has both functions of communication with the center server 200 connected to the wide area network NT and communication with equipment connected to the home network, and identification information on equipment in the home network ( Here, it is assumed that an IP address is used).

  The home server 116 enables monitoring and control of home devices through the center server 200 from a communication terminal connected to the wide area network NT by using a communication function with the center server 200. The center server 200 mediates between home devices and communication terminals on the wide area network NT.

  When monitoring and controlling home devices from a communication terminal, monitoring and control requests are stored in the center server 200, and the home device periodically performs one-way polling communication to monitor from the communication terminal. And receive control requests. With this operation, it is possible to monitor and control devices in the house from the communication terminal.

  Further, when an event that should be notified to the communication terminal, such as a fire detection, occurs in the home device, the home device notifies the center server 200, and the center server 200 notifies the communication terminal by e-mail.

  An important function among the communication functions with the home network in the home server 116 is the detection and management of devices constituting the home network. The home server 116 automatically detects devices connected to the home network by applying UPnP (Universal Plug and Play). The home server 116 includes a display device 117 having a browser function, and displays a list of detected devices on the display device 117. The display device 117 has a configuration with a touch panel type or an operation unit, and can perform an operation of selecting desired contents from options displayed on the screen of the display device 117. Therefore, the user (contractor or householder) of the home server 116 can monitor or control the device on the screen of the display device 117. The display device 117 may be provided separately from the home server 116.

  The in-home server 116 manages information related to device connection, and grasps the type, function, and address of the device connected to the home network. Accordingly, the devices in the home network can be operated in conjunction with each other. Information on the connection of the device is automatically detected as described above. In order to operate the device in an interlocking manner, the device itself is automatically associated with the attribute held by the device itself, and the home server 116 is configured as a personal computer. It is also possible to connect various information terminals and use the browser function of the information terminals to associate devices.

  Each device holds the relationship of the interlocking operation of the devices. Therefore, the device can operate in an interlocked manner without passing through the home server 116. By associating the linked operations for each device, for example, by operating a switch that is a device, it is possible to turn on or off the lighting fixture that is the device. In many cases, the association of the interlocking operations is performed within the subsystem, but the association beyond the subsystem is also possible.

  By the way, the DC power supply unit 101 basically generates DC power by power conversion of an AC power supply AC supplied from outside the house like a commercial power supply. In the configuration shown in the figure, the AC power source AC is input to an AC / DC converter 112 including a switching power source through a main circuit breaker 111 attached to the distribution board 110 as an internal unit. The DC power output from the AC / DC converter 112 is connected to each DC breaker 114 through the cooperative control unit 113.

  The DC power supply unit 101 is provided with a secondary battery 162 in preparation for a period in which power is not supplied from the AC power supply AC (for example, a power failure period of the commercial power supply AC). It is also possible to use a solar cell 161 or a fuel cell 163 that generates DC power. The solar battery 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel battery 163 are distributed power supplies with respect to the main power supply including the AC / DC converter 112 that generates DC power from the AC power supply AC. In the illustrated example, the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 include a circuit unit that controls the output voltage, and the secondary battery 162 includes a circuit unit that controls charging as well as discharging.

  Of the distributed power sources, the solar cell 161 and the fuel cell 163 are not necessarily provided, but the secondary battery 162 is preferably provided. The secondary battery 162 is charged in a timely manner by a main power source or other distributed power source, and the secondary battery 162 is discharged not only in a period in which power is not supplied from the AC power source AC but also in a timely manner as necessary. The cooperation control unit 113 performs charge / discharge of the secondary battery 162 and cooperation between the main power source and the distributed power source. That is, the cooperative control unit 113 functions as a DC power control unit that controls the distribution of power from the main power supply and the distributed power supply constituting the DC power supply unit 101 to the DC devices 102. Note that a configuration may be adopted in which the outputs of the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 are converted into AC power and used as input power of the AC / DC converter 112.

  Since the driving voltage of the DC device 102 is selected from a plurality of types of voltages depending on the device, the cooperative control unit 113 is provided with a DC / DC converter to convert the DC voltage obtained from the main power source and the distributed power source into the necessary voltage. Is desirable. Normally, one type of voltage is supplied to one subsystem (or DC device 102 connected to one DC breaker 114), but three or more wires are used for one subsystem. A plurality of types of voltages may be supplied. Alternatively, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the DC supply line Wdc is of a two-wire type and the voltage applied between the lines is changed with time. The DC / DC converter may be provided in a plurality of dispersed manners like the DC breaker.

  In the above configuration example, only one AC / DC converter 112 is illustrated, but a plurality of AC / DC converters 112 can be arranged in parallel, and when a plurality of AC / DC converters 112 are provided. It is desirable to increase or decrease the number of AC / DC converters 112 that are operated according to the magnitude of the load.

  The AC / DC converter 112, the cooperative control unit 113, the DC breaker 114, the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 described above are provided with a communication function, and include a main power source, a distributed power source, and a DC device 102. It is possible to perform cooperative operations that deal with the load status. The communication signal used for this communication is transmitted in the form of being superimposed on the DC voltage in the same manner as the communication signal used for the DC device 2.

  In the above example, the AC / DC converter 112 is arranged in the distribution board 110 in order to convert the AC power output from the main breaker 111 into DC power by the AC / DC converter 112. On the output side, a branch breaker (not shown) provided in the distribution board 110 branches the AC supply line into a plurality of systems, and an AC / DC converter is provided on the AC supply line of each system to convert it into DC power for each system. You may employ | adopt the structure to do.

  In this case, since the DC power supply unit 101 can be provided for each floor or room of the house H, the DC power supply unit 101 can be managed for each system, and the DC device 102 that uses DC power and Since the distance of the DC supply line Wdc between the two is reduced, the power loss due to the voltage drop in the DC supply line Wdc can be reduced. Also, the main breaker 111 and the branch breaker are housed in the distribution board 110, and the AC / DC converter 112, the cooperative control unit 113, the DC breaker 114, and the home server 116 are housed in a separate board from the distribution board 110. Also good.

  In the following, a lighting fixture that constructs the lighting system K102 in the above-described DC power distribution system will be described as an example of the DC device 102. However, the present invention can be applied to devices other than this type of DC device 102. Here, the magnitude of the DC voltage applied to the DC device 102 from the DC outlet is set to be lower (for example, 24V, 50V, etc.) than the AC commercial power supply.

(Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 1, the DC device 102 of this embodiment is connected to an AC / DC converter 112 serving as a DC power source via a DC supply line Wdc, and is driven by receiving DC power from the DC power source. (That is, turn on the light source). In FIG. 1, only the positive DC supply line Wdc of the pair of positive and negative DC supply lines Wdc is shown, and the negative DC supply line Wdc is not shown.

  In the illustrated example, the AC / DC converter 112 generates a DC voltage at both ends of the smoothing capacitor C1 through the diode D1 when AC power is supplied from the AC power supply AC. Feedback control is performed using the output of the comparator Comp1 so as to maintain the voltage at the reference voltage Vref1. The DC voltage generated at both ends of the capacitor C1 is supplied to the DC device 102 via the DC supply line Wdc. Thereby, the line voltage Vdc of the pair of DC supply lines Wdc of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is maintained at the reference voltage Vref1 in a steady state. In the illustrated example, the diode D1 and the capacitor C1 are shown separately from the AC / DC converter 112, but the diode D1 and the capacitor C1 may be included in the AC / DC converter 112.

  Incidentally, FIG. 1 shows three DC devices 102a to 102c (hereinafter simply referred to as DC devices 102 unless otherwise distinguished) having different configurations. Hereinafter, the configuration of each DC device 102 will be described.

  As a configuration common to all the DC devices 102 in the figure, the DC device 102 is inserted between the main circuit 1 that is driven by DC power and lights a light source (not shown), and between the DC supply line Wdc and the main circuit 1. The low-pass filter 2 is provided. As will be described in detail later, the low-pass filter 2 has circuit constants set so as to suppress voltage fluctuations that occur in the DC supply line Wdc when power supply to the main circuit 1 is turned on and off.

  DC device 102a and DC device 102c are connected to DC supply line Wdc via switches SW1 and SW3, respectively. When switch SW1 is turned on, power is supplied to DC device 102a, and when switch SW3 is turned on, power is supplied to DC device 102c. It is configured as follows. These switches SW1 and SW3 do not communicate with the DC device 102 like the switch 141, but supply DC power from the DC power supply unit 101 to the DC device 102 when turned on, and cut off the DC power when turned off. Is.

  On the other hand, the DC device 102b includes a switch SW2 between the main circuit 1 and the low-pass filter 2, and is directly connected to the DC supply line Wdc. When the switch SW2 is turned on, power is supplied to the main circuit 1. It is configured to be supplied.

  Accordingly, when each of the switches SW1 to SW3 is turned on, DC power from the DC power supply (AC / DC converter 112) is supplied to the main circuit 1 of each corresponding DC device 102 (power supply is turned on), When the switches SW1 to SW3 are turned off, the supply of the DC power to the main circuit 1 of each corresponding DC device 102 is stopped (power supply is turned off). Therefore, in the conventional configuration without the low-pass filter 2, as shown in FIG. 3B, at the time Ton when the switch SW 1 is turned on, the applied voltage Vin to the DC device 102 a rises sharply and the DC is supplied from the DC supply line Wdc. When a transient voltage such as an oscillating voltage or a surge voltage is superimposed on the DC voltage applied to the device 102a, the transient voltage is superimposed on the line voltage Vdc of the DC supply line Wdc to generate a voltage fluctuation. Similarly, at the time Toff when the switch SW1 is turned off, the voltage Vin applied to the DC device 102a sharply decreases, and the transient voltage (oscillation voltage, surge voltage, etc.) is superimposed on the transient application voltage Vin. The transient voltage is superimposed on the line voltage Vdc of the DC supply line Wdc to generate voltage fluctuation.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the low-pass filter 2 is interposed between the main circuit 1 and the DC supply line Wdc, the main circuit 1 associated with the on / off of the switches SW1 to SW2 as shown in FIG. Even when the applied voltage Vin to the main circuit 1 changes suddenly when the power supply to the power supply is turned on / off (time Ton, Toff in the figure), the low-pass filter 2 absorbs the transient voltage including the high-frequency component generated at this time. (Suppressed). Therefore, the voltage fluctuation generated in the line voltage Vdc of the DC supply line Wdc can be suppressed.

  According to the DC device 102 of the present embodiment described above, the voltage fluctuation that occurs in the DC supply line Wdc when the power supply to the DC device 102 is turned on or off is suppressed by the low-pass filter 2, so that the DC fluctuation is caused by the voltage fluctuation. It is possible to avoid malfunctions and malfunctions of other DC devices 102 connected to the supply line Wdc.

  In addition, as in the case of the switch 141 illustrated in FIG. 1, when a device including the communication circuit 3 that performs communication using the DC supply line Wdc as a communication path is connected to the DC supply line Wdc, According to the configuration, since the voltage fluctuation generated in the DC supply line Wdc is suppressed, there is an advantage that a communication error caused by the voltage fluctuation affecting the communication signal can be prevented. When the low-pass filter 2 is provided in the DC device 102 having the communication circuit 3, the communication circuit 3 is inserted between the DC supply line Wdc and the low-pass filter 2. Enables communication without being affected by the low-pass filter 2.

  The circuit configuration of the low-pass filter 2 will be described below with reference to FIG.

  In the DC device 102a and the DC device 102b, the low pass filter 2 includes a rectifier diode D2 inserted between the positive DC supply line Wdc and the main circuit 1, a cathode of the rectifier diode D2, and a circuit ground (here, a negative electrode). And a smoothing capacitor C2 connected between the DC supply line Wdc) and the rectifying / smoothing circuit.

  The low-pass filter 2 in the DC device 102b includes a resistor R1 connected between a connection point between the positive DC supply line Wdc and the main circuit 1 and a circuit ground (here, the negative DC supply line Wdc) and It consists of a series circuit of a capacitor C3.

  In any of the low-pass filters 2 described above, the voltage fluctuation generated in the DC supply line Wdc when the power supply to the main circuit 1 is turned on and off is absorbed, and the DC power supplied to the main circuit 1 is allowed to pass. In addition, the cut-off frequency is set low due to the design of circuit constants. Here, the DC voltage applied to the DC device 102 from the DC outlet is set to 50 V or less, so that the withstand voltage of the low-pass filter 2 can be set to be relatively small.

  In the said embodiment, although the lighting fixture was illustrated as the direct current | flow apparatus 102, the structure of this invention is applicable not only to a lighting fixture but to the various direct current | flow apparatus 102 driven with direct-current power.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of embodiment of this invention. It is a system configuration diagram showing a DC power distribution system in which the same DC device is used. (A) is operation | movement explanatory drawing same as the above, (b) is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the conventional structure compared with (a).

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main circuit 2 Low pass filter 102,102a-102c DC equipment 112 AC / DC converter (DC power supply)
Wdc DC supply line

Claims (4)

  A DC device used in a DC power distribution system that supplies DC power from a DC power source to a plurality of DC devices via a DC supply line connected to the DC power source, the main circuit being driven by the DC power, and the main circuit A DC device, comprising: a low-pass filter that is inserted between a circuit and a DC supply line and suppresses voltage fluctuations that occur in the DC supply line when power supply to the main circuit is turned on and off.   2. The DC device according to claim 1, wherein the low-pass filter includes a rectifying / smoothing circuit that rectifies and smoothes DC power from a DC supply line.   The DC device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an output voltage of the DC power supply is 50V or less.   A DC power distribution system comprising a plurality of DC devices according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images