JP2009159651A - Direct-current power distribution system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a direct-current power distribution system wherein protection against abnormal current and the like can be provided without reducing a space for installing the internal devices of a distributed panel board. <P>SOLUTION: For example, when a load or a power distribution passage connected to a branch circuit of a distributed panel board PB2<SB>1</SB>goes out of order and abnormal current flows or output voltage V2 abnormally rises, a control unit 21 carries out the following processing: it determines that an anomaly has occurred in the output current or output voltage V2 of a converter circuit 20 based on the outputs of comparators CP1, CP2 and transmits a control signal to a drive unit 20a through a photocoupler PC1. When the drive unit 20a stops the converter circuit 20 in accordance with the control signal, only the faulty distributed panel board PB2<SB>1</SB>can be blocked off without affecting the other distributed panel boards PB2<SB>n</SB>or a main panel board PB1. In addition, since it is unnecessary to house a protective circuit breaker (main switch) in a distributed panel board PB2<SB>n</SB>, the space for installing internal devices is not reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a DC power distribution system.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been provided a DC power distribution system that distributes indoors DC power obtained by AC / DC conversion of AC power supplied from a power system (commercial power system) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

In the DC power distribution system described in Patent Document 1, in addition to the AC / DC converter (AC / DC converter) and the secondary battery, the DC voltage output from the AC / DC converter or the secondary battery is set to a desired level. A distribution board that houses a DC / DC converter (DC / DC converter) for converting to a DC voltage in an insulating container in the same form as the branch switch was built in the distribution board.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-224066 (FIG. 6, paragraph 0028)

  By the way, there are generally only two types of AC voltage distributed indoors, 100 volts and 200 volts, but for DC distribution, there are three or more types of voltages (for example, 6 volts, 12 volts, 24 volts, 48 volts, etc.) may have to be distributed. In distributing such various types of DC voltages, a main switch connected to the power system, a plurality of branch switches connected to a plurality of branch paths branched through the main switch, A main distribution board that houses an AC / DC converter that converts AC power supplied from the power system via a switch into DC power, and DC / DC connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter A plurality of distributed distribution boards housed inside the converter are installed indoors, and a desired DC voltage (for example, 6 volts, 12 volts, 24 volts, 48 volts, etc.) is used in the DC / DC converter of the distributed distribution board. A system configuration in which power is supplied to the load after conversion to () can be considered. In such a system configuration, when protection against abnormal current such as overload current, short circuit current, ground fault current, etc. is performed by the main switch of the main distribution board, if the abnormal current flows in one distributed distribution board, the main distribution board Since the main switch breaks the electric circuit, power supply to all the distributed distribution boards is stopped. In order to prevent such problems, it is necessary to provide a main switch on each of the plurality of distributed distribution boards. However, storing the main switch reduces the space for installing the internal units of the distributed distribution board. The problem arises.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a DC power distribution system capable of protecting against an abnormal current or the like without reducing a space for installing an internal unit of a distributed distribution board. is there.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a main switch connected to a power system, a plurality of branch switches connected to a plurality of branch paths branched through the main switch, and a main switch A main distribution board that houses an AC / DC converter that converts AC power supplied from the power system to DC power via a transformer, and DC / DC converter connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter With a plurality of distributed distribution boards that house the device inside,
The DC / DC converter is composed of an insulating converter circuit in which an input side and an output side are electrically insulated, and when the output current or output voltage of the DC / DC converter is abnormal, the DC / DC converter The control means for stopping the system is housed in each distributed distribution board.

  According to the invention of claim 1, when an abnormality occurs in the output current or output voltage of the DC / DC converter, for example, an overcurrent (overload current or short-circuit current) or a ground fault current flows, or the load rating When the voltage rises to a voltage considerably higher than the voltage, the DC / DC converter composed of an insulating converter circuit is stopped. There is no impact, and since the power supply to the load is cut off by the DC / DC converter, there is no need to store a protective circuit breaker inside the distributed distribution board. The space to install is not reduced.

  The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the control means stops the DC / DC converter when at least one of an overload current, a short-circuit current, or a ground fault current flows. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, detection means for detecting the internal environment in the panel is provided in each distributed distribution board, and the control means is in accordance with the internal environment detected by the detection means. And switching the operation / stop of the DC / DC converter.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the DC / DC converter is stopped to improve the safety when the temperature of the electric circuit or terminal in the distribution board rises due to overcurrent or terminal contact failure. be able to.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, the control means switches the operation / stop of the DC / DC converter in accordance with a control signal for remote control. .

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the operation / stop of the DC / DC converter can be switched by remote control, and recovery from an abnormality can be easily performed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, a plurality of DC / DC converters are housed in a distributed distribution board, and the plurality of DC / DC converters are connected to an AC / DC converter. It is connected to a plurality of branch circuits branched from the output side of the DC converter.

  According to the invention of claim 5, when an abnormal current flows through the load or when an abnormal voltage is applied to the load, only the branch circuit to which the load is connected is interrupted and the other branch circuits are affected. Is not enough.

  According to the present invention, since there is no need to install a protective circuit breaker (main switch) in the distribution board, there is no need to reduce the space for installing the distribution board. The DC distribution system can be protected against current and the like.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the DC power distribution system of the present embodiment includes a main switch MB connected to a power system (commercial power system) AC, and a plurality of branch paths branched through the main switch MB. A plurality of branch switches SB1 connected, a main distribution board PB1 housing therein an AC / DC converter 1 for converting AC power supplied from the power system AC to DC power via the main switch MB; A plurality of distributed distribution boards PB2 ₁ , PB2 ₂ ,... Containing therein DC / DC converters 2 ₁ , 2 ₂ ,... Connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter 1 via the distribution path Lp It has.

  The main distribution board PB1, for example, is configured by housing the AC / DC converter 1 in a space (for example, a limiter space) of an internal unit in a general residential distribution board for AC distribution. AC power of 100 volts or 200 volts is distributed to the branch circuit branched via the branch switch SB1.

  The AC / DC converter 1 is composed of a step-up, step-down or step-up / down converter circuit, and converts AC power of 100 volts or 200 volts into DC power of a desired level (for example, 60 volts). However, since such an AC / DC converter 1 is well known in the art, detailed illustration and description thereof will be omitted.

The DC / DC converters 2 _n housed in the respective distribution distribution boards PB2 _n (n = 1, 2,...) All have the same circuit configuration, and are insulated as shown in FIG. Converter circuit 20 of
Control means for detecting an abnormality in the output current and output voltage of the converter circuit 20 and stopping the converter circuit 20. The converter circuit 20 is a conventionally known flyback converter circuit having a flyback transformer T, a diode D, a smoothing capacitor C, and a switching element Q, and an input voltage (alternating current) is switched by switching the switching element Q at a high frequency by a drive unit 20a. / Output voltage of DC converter 1) A desired level of output voltage V2 different from V1 is generated. Incidentally, the DC / DC converter 2 _n of each dispersion distribution board 2 _n may generate an output voltage V2 of the same level may generate a different level of the output voltage V2, respectively.

The control means is detected by the amplifier AP that outputs a signal corresponding to the difference between the output voltage V2 of the converter circuit 20 and the reference voltage Vr, the detection unit 22 that detects the output current level of the converter circuit 20, and the detection unit 22. The control signal (PWM signal) is transmitted to the comparator CP1 that compares the detected voltage corresponding to the output current level with the threshold voltage Vth1, the comparator CP2 that compares the output voltage V2 of the converter circuit 20 to the threshold voltage Vth2, and so on. As a result, the switching element Q is PWM-controlled via the drive unit 20a so that the output signal of the amplifier AP becomes substantially zero, and the operation of the drive unit 20a is turned on / off according to the comparison result of the comparators CP1 and CP2. Part 21. The control signal is transmitted from the control unit 21 to the drive unit 20a while being electrically insulated by the photocoupler PC1. That is, in the DC / DC converter 2 _n, the primary side (input side) and the secondary side (output side) are electrically insulated.

  In the control unit 21, an abnormality has occurred in the output current of the converter circuit 20 based on the comparison result of the comparator CP1, for example, whether an abnormal current such as an overcurrent (overload current or short-circuit current) or a ground fault current flows. And whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the output voltage V2 of the converter circuit 20 based on the comparison result of the comparator CP2, for example, whether or not the output voltage V2 has risen abnormally, and an abnormal current flows. Or the output voltage V2 is abnormally increased, a control signal (stop signal) is transmitted to the drive unit 20a of the converter circuit 20 to cut off the operation of the drive unit 20a, that is, the converter circuit 20 is stopped. .

For example, a load or distribution channel is connected to a branch circuit of the distributed distribution board PB2 ₁ (both not shown) has failed overload current, short-circuit current, the abnormal current such as ground fault current from the converter circuit 20 When the current flows or when the output voltage V2 of the converter circuit 20 rises abnormally, the control unit 21 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the output current based on the output of the comparator CP1, or outputs based on the output of the comparator CP2. It is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the voltage V2, and a control signal (stop signal) is transmitted to the drive unit 20a via the photocoupler PC1. Then, if the converter circuit 20 is stopped by stopping the switching of the switching element Q in accordance driving portion 20a of the converter circuit 20 to the control signal, other distributed distribution board _{PB2 n (n = 2,3, ...} ) In addition, it is possible to shut off only the distributed distribution board PB2 ₁ that caused the accident without affecting the main distribution board PB1. Moreover, since the power supply to the load is interrupted by the DC / DC converter 2 _n , there is no need to store a protective circuit breaker (main switch) inside the distributed distribution board PB2 _n , and distributed distribution There is an advantage that the space for installing the internal unit of the panel PB2 _n does not decrease.

Further, in the present embodiment, a detection unit 23 that detects the temperature that is the internal environment in the panel of the distributed distribution board PB2 _n is provided, and the temperature in the panel detected by the detection unit 23 exceeds a predetermined upper limit temperature. The control unit 21 sometimes transmits a control signal (stop signal) to the drive unit 20a to stop the converter circuit 20. By adopting such a configuration, for example, when the temperature of the electric circuit or terminal in the distribution board PB2 _n rises due to overcurrent or terminal contact failure, the DC / DC converter 2 _n is stopped. And safety can be improved. However, the internal environment of the distributed distribution board PB2 _n detected by the detection unit 23 is not limited to the temperature in the board, and the operation / stop of the DC / DC converter 2 _n is operated based on environmental factors other than the temperature. You may make it switch.

By the way, in this embodiment, one DC / DC converter 2 _n and a plurality of branch switches SB2 are housed in the distributed distribution board PB2 _n , and a plurality of branches branched on the output side of the DC / DC converter 2 _n . While connected respectively to the branch circuit breaker switch SB2, a plurality of DC / DC converter 2 _n for each branch circuit the retracted path inside the dispersion distribution board PB2 _n branched as shown in FIG. 2 May be provided. With such a configuration, affect other branch circuit because only branch circuit load abnormal current flows in each dispersion distribution board PB2 _n is connected is cut off by the DC / DC converter 2 _n In addition, there is an advantage that the branch switch SB2 becomes unnecessary.

Further, FIG. 3 shows a system configuration of another embodiment of the present invention. Although the embodiment described below is described assuming a detached house as a building to which the present invention is applied, it does not preclude the application of the technical idea of the present invention to an apartment house. As shown in FIG. 3, a main distribution board PB1, a plurality (four in the illustrated example) of distributed distribution boards PB2 _n, and a DC device 102 as a load driven by DC power are provided in a house H. The DC power is supplied to the DC device 102 through the distribution path Wdc connected to each of the distributed distribution boards PB2 _n .

  The distribution path Wdc is a DC power supply path and is also used as a communication path, and is a device connected to the distribution path Wdc by superimposing a communication signal for transmitting data on a DC voltage using a high-frequency carrier wave. Communication between them. This technique is similar to a power line carrier technique in which a communication signal is superimposed on an AC voltage in a power line that supplies AC power.

  The distribution path Wdc is connected to the home server 116 via the AC / DC converter 1. The in-home server 116 is a main device for constructing a home communication network (hereinafter referred to as “home network”), and communicates with a subsystem constructed by the DC device 102 in the home network.

  In the example shown in the drawing, as an subsystem, an illumination system comprising an information equipment system K101 comprising an information-system DC device 102 such as a personal computer, a wireless access point, a router, and an IP telephone, and an illumination system DC equipment 102 such as a lighting fixture. K102, K105, an intercom system K103 including a DC device 102 for handling visitors and monitoring intruders, a residential alarm system K104 including a DC device 102 for an alarm system such as a fire detector, and the like. Each subsystem constitutes a self-supporting distributed system, and can operate even with the subsystem alone.

The above-described distributed distribution board PB2 _n is provided in association with the subsystem. In the illustrated example, the distribution distribution board PB2 _n is associated with the information equipment system K101, the lighting system K102 and the intercom system K103, the house alarm system K104, and the lighting system K105. Two distributed distribution boards PB2 _n are provided. However, since a plurality of branch switches (not shown) are accommodated in the distributed distribution board PB2 _n , different subsystems can be associated with each branch switch. When a plurality of subsystems are associated with one branch switch, a connection box 121 that divides the distribution line Wdc system is provided for each subsystem. In the illustrated example, a connection box 121 is provided between the illumination system K102 and the intercom system K103.

  As the information equipment system K101, there is provided an information equipment system K101 composed of a DC equipment 102 connected to a DC outlet 131 arranged in advance in the house H (constructed when the house H is constructed) in the form of a wall outlet or a floor outlet.

  The lighting systems K102 and K105 include a lighting system K102 including a lighting fixture (DC device 102) arranged in advance in the house H, and a lighting fixture (DC device 102) connected to a hook ceiling 132 arranged in advance on the ceiling. An illumination system K105 is provided. At the time of interior construction of the house H, the contractor attaches the lighting fixture to the hook ceiling 132, or the resident himself attaches the lighting fixture.

  In addition to using an infrared remote control device, a control instruction for the lighting apparatus that is the DC device 102 constituting the lighting system K102 can be given using a communication signal from the switch 141 connected to the power distribution path Wdc. That is, the switch 141 has a communication function together with the DC device 102. In addition, a control instruction may be given by a communication signal from another DC device 102 in the home network or the home server 116 regardless of the operation of the switch 141. The instructions to the lighting fixture include lighting, extinguishing, dimming, and blinking lighting.

  Since any DC device 102 can be connected to the DC outlet 131 and the hooking ceiling 132 described above and DC power is output to the connected DC device 102, the DC outlet 131 and the hooking ceiling 132 are distinguished below. When it is not necessary, it is called “DC outlet”.

  These DC outlets have a plug-in connection port into which a contact (not shown) provided directly on the DC device 102 or a contact (not shown) provided via a connection line is inserted into the body. The contact receiver that directly contacts the contact inserted into the connection port is held by the container. That is, the direct current outlet supplies power in a contact manner. When the DC device 102 connected to the DC outlet has a communication function, a communication signal can be transmitted through the power distribution path Wdc. A communication function is provided not only in the DC device 102 but also in the DC outlet.

  The home server 116 not only is connected to the home network, but also has a connection port connected to the wide area network NT that constructs the Internet. When the in-home server 116 is connected to the wide area network NT, it is possible to receive services from the center server 200 that is a computer server connected to the wide area network NT.

  The service provided by the center server 200 includes a service that enables monitoring and control of equipment (including mainly the DC equipment 102 but also other equipment having a communication function) connected to the home network through the wide area network NT. is there. This service makes it possible to monitor and control devices connected to the home network using a communication terminal (not shown) having a browser function such as a personal computer, Internet TV, or mobile phone.

  The in-home server 116 has both functions of communication with the center server 200 connected to the wide area network NT and communication with equipment connected to the home network, and identification information on equipment in the home network ( Here, it is assumed that an IP address is used).

  The home server 116 enables monitoring and control of home devices through the center server 200 from a communication terminal connected to the wide area network NT by using a communication function with the center server 200. The center server 200 mediates between home devices and communication terminals on the wide area network NT.

  When monitoring and controlling home devices from a communication terminal, monitoring and control requests are stored in the center server 200, and the home device periodically performs one-way polling communication to monitor from the communication terminal. And receive control requests. With this operation, it is possible to monitor and control devices in the house from the communication terminal.

  Further, when an event that should be notified to the communication terminal, such as a fire detection, occurs in the home device, the home device notifies the center server 200, and the center server 200 notifies the communication terminal by e-mail.

  An important function among the communication functions with the home network in the home server 116 is the detection and management of devices constituting the home network. The home server 116 automatically detects devices connected to the home network by applying UPnP (Universal Plug and Play). The home server 116 includes a display device 117 having a browser function, and displays a list of detected devices on the display device 117. The display device 117 has a configuration with a touch panel type or an operation unit, and can perform an operation of selecting desired contents from options displayed on the screen of the display device 117. Therefore, the user (contractor or householder) of the home server 116 can monitor or control the device on the screen of the display device 117. The display device 117 may be provided separately from the home server 116.

  The in-home server 116 manages information related to device connection, and grasps the type, function, and address of the device connected to the home network. Accordingly, the devices in the home network can be operated in conjunction with each other. Information on the connection of the device is automatically detected as described above. In order to operate the device in an interlocking manner, the device itself is automatically associated with the attribute held by the device itself, and the home server 116 is configured as a personal computer. It is also possible to connect various information terminals and use the browser function of the information terminals to associate devices.

  Each device holds the relationship of the interlocking operation of the devices. Therefore, the device can operate in an interlocked manner without passing through the home server 116. By associating the linked operations for each device, for example, by operating a switch that is a device, it is possible to turn on or off the lighting fixture that is the device. In many cases, the association of the interlocking operations is performed within the subsystem, but the association beyond the subsystem is also possible.

  By the way, in this embodiment, the secondary battery 162 is provided in preparation for the period (for example, power failure period of the electric power system AC) when electric power is not supplied from the electric power system AC. It is also possible to use a solar cell 161 or a fuel cell 163 that generates DC power. For a DC power system obtained by converting AC power supplied from the power system AC into DC power by the AC / DC converter 1, the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 are distributed power sources. In the illustrated example, the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 include a circuit unit that controls the output voltage, and the secondary battery 162 includes a circuit unit that controls charging as well as discharging.

  Of the distributed power sources, the solar cell 161 and the fuel cell 163 are not necessarily provided, but the secondary battery 162 is preferably provided. The secondary battery 162 is charged in a timely manner by a DC power system or other distributed power source, and the secondary battery 162 is discharged not only in a period in which power is not supplied from the DC power system but also in a timely manner as necessary. The coordination control unit 113 performs charge / discharge of the secondary battery 162 and coordination between the DC power system and the distributed power supply. That is, the cooperative control unit 113 functions as a DC power control unit that controls the distribution of power from the DC power system and the distributed power source to the DC device 102. Note that a configuration may be adopted in which outputs of the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 are converted into AC power and used as input power of the AC / DC converter 1.

  In the above configuration example, only one AC / DC converter 1 is illustrated, but a plurality of AC / DC converters 1 can be arranged in parallel, and a plurality of AC / DC converters 1 are provided. Sometimes, it is desirable to increase or decrease the number of AC / DC converters 1 to be operated according to the size of the load.

The AC / DC converter 1, the cooperative controller 113, the DC / DC converter 2 _n , the solar cell 161, the secondary battery 162, and the fuel cell 163 described above are provided with a communication function, and a DC power system and a distributed power source In addition, it is possible to perform a cooperative operation to cope with a load state including the DC device 102. The communication signal used for this communication is transmitted in the form of being superimposed on the DC voltage in the same manner as the communication signal used for the DC device 2. That is, in the DC / DC converter _2n , the control unit 21 has the communication function, and can turn on / off the operation of the converter circuit 20 according to the communication signal. Therefore, at the time of recovery after the abnormal current flows and the DC / DC converter 2 _n stops, the operation of the DC / DC converter 2 _n can be resumed remotely by the communication signal, so that workability is improved. There is an advantage.

(A) is a system block diagram which shows embodiment of this invention, (b) is a circuit block diagram of a DC / DC converter. It is a system block diagram which shows other embodiment. It is a system block diagram which shows another embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

AC power system PB1 Main distribution board PB2 _n Distributed distribution board 1 AC / DC converter 2 _n DC / DC converter 20 Converter circuit 20a Drive unit 21 Control unit (control means)
22 Detection part (control means)

Claims (5)

The main switch connected to the power system, the plurality of branch switches connected to a plurality of branches branched through the main switch, and the AC power supplied from the power system through the main switch A main distribution board that houses an AC / DC converter that converts the DC / DC converter, and a plurality of distributed distribution boards that house a DC / DC converter connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter. ,
The DC / DC converter is composed of an insulating converter circuit in which an input side and an output side are electrically insulated, and when the output current or output voltage of the DC / DC converter is abnormal, the DC / DC converter A DC power distribution system characterized in that control means for stopping the system is housed inside each distributed distribution board.   2. The DC power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the control means stops the DC / DC converter when at least one of an overload current, a short-circuit current, or a ground fault current flows.   Detection means for detecting the internal environment in the panel is provided in each distributed distribution board, and the control means switches operation / stop of the DC / DC converter according to the internal environment detected by the detection means. The DC power distribution system according to claim 1 or 2.   The DC power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control means switches operation / stop of the DC / DC converter according to a control signal for remote control.   A plurality of DC / DC converters are housed in a distributed distribution board, and the plurality of DC / DC converters are respectively connected to a plurality of branch circuits branched from the output side of the AC / DC converter. The DC power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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