JP2009156914A - Automatic accompaniment device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain chord feeling of a specified chord, when automatic accompaniment sound is generated by converting a pitch of each composing note of an automatic accompaniment pattern data. <P>SOLUTION: When automatic accompaniment is performed by converting the pitch of each composing note included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data which is generated on the basis of a prescribed reference chord, according to a separately specified arbitrary chord, if a category of the specified chord is a chord category to which a base note is to be automatically attached, the base note of the specified chord is attached. Thereby, since the base note of the chord which is specified for the generated automatic accompaniment sound is always included in the automatic accompaniment device for generating the automatic accompaniment sound by performing pitch conversion, chord feeling which a user obtains from the automatic accompaniment sound does not change to that of chord different form the specified chord. That is, the chord feeling of the specified chord is always maintained in the generated automatic accompaniment sound. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic accompaniment apparatus such as a sequencer having an automatic accompaniment function and a program. In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for generating an automatic accompaniment sound by converting the pitch (pitch name) of each component sound of automatic accompaniment pattern data in accordance with a specified chord (chord).

In some automatic accompaniment devices, some performance parts such as chord parts, bass parts, and rhythm parts are automatically based on predetermined automatic accompaniment pattern data (so-called source patterns) stored separately from sequential performance data. An accompaniment is conventionally known. An example of a technique related to such automatic accompaniment is the invention described in Patent Document 1 shown below.
Japanese Patent No. 2856025

  In a conventionally known automatic accompaniment device as described in Patent Document 1, when performing automatic accompaniment based on automatic accompaniment pattern data, each component sound (specifically, notes included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data). Event data) according to an accompaniment code designated at any time according to chord progression data stored separately or an accompaniment code directly designated as appropriate by the user. After being converted to (sound name), it is generated as an automatic accompaniment sound. Such a pitch conversion process is performed because general automatic accompaniment pattern data is generated in advance assuming a predetermined code. A code assumed when automatic accompaniment pattern data (specifically note event data) is generated is referred to as a “source code (reference code)” in this specification. As the source code, “Cmaj7 (C major seventh)” is usually assumed in many cases, but of course, it is not limited to this. In addition, an accompaniment code designated at the time of execution of automatic accompaniment, that is, a code of an automatic accompaniment sound after pitch conversion is referred to as a “target code” in this specification to be distinguished from the “source code”.

  In a conventionally known automatic accompaniment apparatus, an “attribute table” as shown in FIG. 6 is used when converting the note event data into a pitch (pitch name) that matches the target chord. The attribute table, which is publicly known, is briefly described. The attribute table includes a plurality of pitch names that can be included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data for each chord type (type) (maj, maj7, min, min7, 7,...). This is data in which “attributes” of (12 note names such as C, C #, D, D #,...) Are defined with reference to a predetermined reference root sound (root sound). Here, as an example, an attribute table created based on the pitch name “C” as a reference root sound is shown. As the “attributes” defined in the attribute table, there are a chord sound attribute (c), a scale sound attribute (s), and a non-scale sound attribute (n) as illustrated. As is conventionally known, each of these “attributes” stores pitch shift information corresponding to each of 12 tone names (C, C #, D, D #,...) For each of a plurality of chord types. The predetermined “note conversion table” is associated. Detailed description of this note conversion table (abbreviated as NTT etc.) is omitted here, but each note included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data whose attribute is a chord sound is included in the note conversion table as pitch shift information. For the constituent sounds, shift values are defined so as to be the chord sound of the specified target chord even after the pitch shift. Therefore, the pitch conversion of the chord sound can be simply described using only the attribute table shown in FIG. 6 (details will be described later).

  Of the “attributes”, the chord sound attribute (c) is a numbered attribute such as c1, c2, c3, and c4. Here, as an example of the attribute, the ones assigned in ascending order from the number “1” in ascending order of importance in consideration of the musical importance of each sound in the chord are shown. In particular, as a general chord constituent sound to which the chord sound attribute “c1” meaning the most important sound is assigned, the chord type of 3 chords is close to the root sound, and the chord type of 4 chords is close to the root sound (the pitch is the most) For additional chords (not separated) and chord types of 5 chords and above, this is a tension note close to the root tone. That is, the attribute “c1” meaning the most important sound is assigned to the sound (sound name) necessary for expressing the sound of the chord representing the characteristics of each chord. Referring to the example shown in the figure, for a basic three chord such as a “maj” chord, for example, the root tone is the most important tone, the attribute “c1” is distinguished from the root tone “C”, and minor and major are distinguished. Attribute “c2” to the third sound “E”, and attribute “c3” to the fifth sound “G”, assuming the third sound to be the third most important sound. "Is given to each. On the other hand, for basic four chords such as “min7 (minor seventh)” chord, for example, the root note “C” has the attribute “c4” and the third tone “E ♭” has the attribute “c2”. The attribute “c3” is assigned to the sound “G”, and the attribute “c1” is assigned to the other “B ♭”.

  Thus, in the “attribute table”, which attribute is assigned to the number of sounds is defined in advance according to the number of sounds and the chord type. The definition content of the attribute table as shown in FIG. 6 is an example, and the definition content of which sound is important in which order is not limited to this. Needless to say, the number of importance levels (c1, c2, c3, c4) corresponds to the number of chord constituent sounds in each chord type.

  By the way, in the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus, referring to the attribute table when performing automatic accompaniment, the automatic accompaniment sound based on the automatic accompaniment pattern data is pitch-converted and output in accordance with the target code designated at any time. . In particular, when the pitch of the chord sound included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data is converted according to the target chord, the sound of each note event data constituting the automatic accompaniment pattern data is first referred to the attribute table. Find out which attribute the name (chord sound) has in the type of source code. Next, it is determined to which note name the same attribute as the determined attribute is assigned in the type of the target chord. Then, by performing pitch shift so as to have the same attribute before pitch conversion and after pitch conversion according to the obtained pitch name, the chord constituent sounds in the automatic accompaniment pattern data are converted to pitch (pitch name). I try to convert it.

  Here, FIG. 7 shows a conventional example of the pitch conversion when “Cmin (C minor)” and “Cmin 7 (C minor seventh)” are designated as accompaniment codes (target codes). FIG. 7A shows before and after conversion when the note events “B, G, E” (Cmaj7 chord constituent sounds) included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data are pitch-converted according to the target chord “Cmin”. An automatic accompaniment sound is shown. FIG. 7B shows the automatic accompaniment sounds before and after conversion when the note events “B, G, E” (Cmaj7 chord-composing sounds) are pitch-converted according to the target chord “Cmin7”. It is. In the figure, attributes are written after each pitch name.

  In the case of the conventional example shown in FIG. 7A, the automatic accompaniment sound “C, G, E, after the pitch conversion obtained by converting the original pattern data“ B, G, E ”before the pitch conversion, respectively. ”Includes the root sound“ C ”of the target chord“ Cmin ”, which is perceived by the user as the sound of a normal“ Cmin ”, so that the chord feeling of the chord designated as the accompaniment chord is obtained. There is no particular problem. On the other hand, in the case of the conventional example shown in FIG. 7B, the automatic accompaniment sound “B ♭, G” after the pitch conversion is performed by converting the pattern data “B, G, E” before the pitch conversion. , E ♭ ”does not include the root sound“ C ”of the target code“ Cmin7 ”. Such an automatic accompaniment sound that does not include the root sound “C” is not recognized by the user as the sound of a chord in which the root sound “C” is omitted from the chord component sound of the normal “Cmin7”, but other chords “E ♭” It is easy for the user to perceive the sound of the chord “maj”. In other words, a chord feeling of “E ♭ maj” different from “Cmin7” designated as the accompaniment chord appears strongly in the automatic accompaniment sound after the pitch conversion.

  Thus, in an automatic accompaniment apparatus that performs pitch conversion according to the attribute table, the automatic accompaniment sound after pitch conversion may not include the root sound of the target chord depending on the type of the target chord. The chord feeling obtained from the sound may change to a different chord from the specified accompaniment chord (target chord) (it will sound like a different chord, or the chord will be lost). On the other hand, there is a problem that it is very inconvenient because it gives a sense of incongruity.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in an automatic accompaniment apparatus that generates automatic accompaniment sounds by converting the pitch (pitch name) of each component sound of automatic accompaniment pattern data according to a predetermined attribute table. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic accompaniment apparatus and a program capable of generating an automatic accompaniment sound that maintains the chord feeling in an arbitrary chord specified in the above.

  The automatic accompaniment device according to claim 1 of the present invention converts the pitches of the constituent sounds included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference code according to an arbitrary chord specified separately. An automatic accompaniment apparatus that performs automatic accompaniment, wherein a chord storage means that defines a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone assignment, and the designated chord type is automatically rooted by referring to the chord storage means A type determining means for determining whether or not the chord type is an object to be assigned; and when the specified chord type is a chord type that is an object of automatic root tone assignment, the root tone of the designated chord is A root tone adding means to be added.

  According to this invention, when performing automatic accompaniment by converting the pitch of each component sound included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference chord according to any chord specified separately When the chord type is a chord type that is the target of automatic root tone addition, the root tone of the designated chord is added. As a result, in an automatic accompaniment device that performs pitch conversion and generates an automatic accompaniment sound, the root sound of the specified chord is always included in the generated automatic accompaniment sound. Is not changed to a chord different from the designated chord, that is, the chord feeling of the designated chord is always maintained in the generated automatic accompaniment sound.

  The automatic accompaniment device according to claim 5 of the present invention converts the pitches of the constituent sounds included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference code according to any separately designated chord. An automatic accompaniment apparatus that performs automatic accompaniment, and an attribute storage that defines at least an attribute indicating a chord sound, a scale sound other than a chord sound, or a non-scale sound for each twelve note name for each predetermined chord type Means for defining an attribute indicating the chord sound and giving the importance as the chord sound to the sound name of each chord constituent sound among the twelve sound names, and the attribute storage means By referencing, it is determined which attribute is the pitch name of the chord constituent sound corresponding to the reference chord among the constituent sounds included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data, and the obtained attribute Based on the specifying means for specifying the pitch name of the chord constituent sound corresponding to the designated chord to which the same attribute is assigned, the pitch name of the chord constituent sound included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data, and the specified pitch name A pitch converting means for shifting the pitch of the chord constituent sound of the automatic accompaniment pattern data and shifting the pitch according to the root of the specified chord; A code storage unit that defines a type, a type determination unit that determines whether or not the specified chord type is a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone addition by referring to the code storage unit, and the designation When the chord type is a chord type that is the target of automatic root note addition, and the importance as the chord sound assigned to the obtained attribute is a predetermined importance Comprises a root adding means for adding root of the specified code.

  According to the present invention, the specified chord type is the chord type that is the target of automatic root tone assignment, and the reference chord is selected from the constituent sounds of the automatic accompaniment pattern data obtained by referring to the attribute storage means. When the attribute of the corresponding chord constituent sound is the importance as a predetermined chord sound, the root sound of the designated chord is added. The attribute storage means defines, for each predetermined chord type, an attribute indicating at least one of a chord sound, a scale sound other than the chord sound, and a non-scale sound for each of the twelve sound names. In particular, for the note name of each chord constituent sound, an attribute indicating that it is a chord sound and giving importance as a chord sound is defined. The chord type that is the target of automatic root tone assignment is defined in advance in the chord storage means. Thus, in the automatic accompaniment apparatus that generates the automatic accompaniment sound by performing pitch conversion in accordance with the attribute storage means, the chord feeling is maintained since the generated automatic accompaniment sound always includes the root of the specified chord.

  The present invention can be constructed and implemented not only as a device invention but also as a method invention. Further, the present invention can be implemented in the form of a program of a processor such as a computer or a DSP, or can be implemented in the form of a storage medium storing such a program.

  According to the present invention, in the automatic accompaniment apparatus that performs pitch conversion according to a predetermined attribute table, when the root sound of the chord does not appear in the automatic accompaniment sound after pitch conversion based on the specified chord (chord) Since the root note corresponding to the designated chord is automatically compensated, an automatic accompaniment in which the chord feeling of the designated chord is always performed is obtained.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a hardware configuration block diagram showing an embodiment of the overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention is applied. The electronic musical instrument shown in this embodiment is controlled by a microcomputer including a microprocessor unit (CPU) 1, a read only memory (ROM) 2, and a random access memory (RAM) 3.

  The CPU 1 controls the operation of the entire electronic musical instrument. For this CPU 1, ROM 2, RAM 3, storage device 4, detection circuits 5 and 6, display circuit 7, sound source / effect circuit 8, communication interface (I / F) via communication bus 1D (for example, data and address bus) 9 are connected to each other. The ROM 2 stores, for example, automatic accompaniment pattern data (not shown), various data such as the “attribute table” (see FIG. 6), various control programs executed or referred to by the CPU 1, and the like. The RAM 3 is used as a working memory for temporarily storing various data generated when the CPU 1 executes a predetermined program, or as a memory for temporarily storing a currently executing program and related data. The A predetermined address area of the RAM 3 is assigned to each function and used as a register, flag, table, memory, or the like.

  In addition to the automatic accompaniment pattern data, the ROM 2 and RAM 3 may store various data for automatic performance (for example, sequential performance data in which event data is arranged in the order of performance). Although these will not be described in detail, the present invention can be applied to any type of automatic performance in accordance with the embodiment described below and in a form appropriately modified as necessary. The designation of the target chord may be performed as usual, for example, when the user simultaneously presses the performance controller 5A in real time and inputs the chord performance simultaneously with the automatic accompaniment performance, or the chord progression Sequential chord progression data in which data is arranged in order may be stored in advance in a chord (chord) sequencer (not shown), and this may be performed as appropriate by reproducing and reading the data.

  The storage device 4 stores various data such as automatic accompaniment pattern data, an attribute table, or a chord type to be automatically assigned to the root, various control programs executed by the CPU 1, and the like, similar to the ROM 2 and the like. When the control program is not stored in the ROM 2 described above, the control program is stored in the storage device 4 (for example, a hard disk) and read into the RAM 3 to store the control program in the ROM 2. It is possible to cause the CPU 1 to execute the same operation as in FIG. In this way, control programs can be easily added and upgraded. The storage device 4 is not limited to a hard disk (HD), but may be a flexible disk (FD), a compact disk (CD-ROM / CD-RAM), a magneto-optical disk (MO), or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk). Any storage device may be used as long as it uses a storage medium in the form. Alternatively, a semiconductor memory such as a flash memory may be used.

  The performance operator 5A is, for example, a keyboard provided with a plurality of keys for selecting the pitch of a musical tone, and has a key switch corresponding to each key. (Keyboard etc.) can be used for manual performance by user's hand-playing and chord input for automatic accompaniment (ie, target chord designation), as well as means for selecting automatic accompaniment pattern data, etc. It can also be used as a means for setting timbres, effects, and the like. The detection circuit 5 generates a detection output by detecting the pressing and release of each key of the performance operator 5A. When performing chord designation for automatic accompaniment by operating the performance operator 5A (keyboard or the like), the user designates the root sound and chord type of the target chord. Briefly, for example, when “single finger mode” or “fingered mode” is set in the chord designation mode, one of the keys divided into a plurality at a predetermined split point is detected as a chord. A combination of one or more black and white keys operated by the user in the set code detection key range (in the case of a single finger mode) or a combination of pitch names of a plurality of keys (fingered mode) The code is identified based on When the “full keyboard mode” is set as the chord designation mode, the chord is specified according to the user's key operation over the entire keyboard range.

  The setting operator 6A includes an accompaniment data selection switch for selecting automatic accompaniment pattern data, an “automatic accompaniment start / stop” switch for instructing start / stop of automatic accompaniment, and a chord designation mode such as “single finger mode”, “ Various controls such as a mode switch set to either “fingered mode” or “full keyboard mode”. As the code designation mode, only one of the plurality of modes may be prepared, or a plurality of modes may be prepared. When a plurality of modes are prepared, the user can arbitrarily select one of them as described above. In addition to the above, the setting operator 6A includes various operators such as a numeric data input numeric keypad and a character data input keyboard for selecting, setting, and controlling the pitch, tone, and effect. May be. The detection circuit 6 detects the operation state of the setting operation element 6A, and outputs switch information and the like corresponding to the operation state to the CPU 1 via the data and address bus 1D.

  The display circuit 7 displays various screens (not shown) according to the operation of the setting operator 6A on the display 7A constituted by, for example, a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a CRT, etc. Various data stored in the RAM 3 and further in the storage device 4 or the control state of the CPU 1 are displayed. The user can easily select automatic accompaniment pattern data and set various performance parameters by referring to these various types of information displayed on the display 7A.

  The tone generator / effect circuit 8 can simultaneously generate musical tone signals on a plurality of channels, and provides performance information (for example, performance data generated based on a keyboard operation by the user or automatic accompaniment) via the communication bus 1D. Musical performance data automatically generated according to the pattern data is input, and musical sounds are generated by synthesizing musical sounds based on the musical performance information. For example, it has 16 channels for automatic performance (as an example, a MIDI channel), and a plurality of performance data can be reproduced simultaneously. The sound source / effect circuit 8 has an effect circuit for giving an effect to the generated musical sound signal. A musical sound signal generated from the sound source / effect circuit 8 is generated from a sound system 8A including an amplifier and a speaker. Any conventional configuration may be used for the configuration of the sound source / effect circuit 8 and the sound system 8A. For example, the tone generator / effect circuit 8 may employ any of various tone synthesis methods such as FM, PCM, physical model, formant synthesis, etc., or may be configured with dedicated hardware, or by software processing by the CPU 1. It may be configured.

  The communication interface (I / F) 9 is a dedicated MIDI input / output interface for transmitting and receiving MIDI format data between an external device (not shown) and the electronic musical instrument, or data and control programs other than MIDI format. This is a general-purpose data input / output interface such as RS-232C, USB (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE1394 (Eye Triple E 1394), Bluetooth (trademark), infrared transmitter / receiver. Furthermore, an electronic musical instrument can be connected to an external device (for example, a server device) on the network via a wired or wireless communication network such as a LAN (Local Area Network), the Internet, or a telephone line. It may be a network interface capable of transmitting and receiving various types of information such as MIDI format data, other data, or a control program between the electronic musical instrument and the server device. One or a plurality of such communication interfaces 9 may be provided, and both of them may be provided, not wired or wireless.

When the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied to an electronic musical instrument, the performance operator 5A is not limited to a keyboard musical instrument, and may be of any type such as a stringed musical instrument or a wind instrument. Further, the performance operator 5A, the display 7A, the sound source / effect circuit 8 and the like are not limited to those built in one apparatus body, and each apparatus is configured separately, and each apparatus is configured using communication means such as a communication interface or various networks. Needless to say, the present invention can be similarly applied to a device configured to connect the two.
The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the electronic musical instrument as described above, and any form of electronic musical instrument such as a karaoke apparatus, a game apparatus, a portable communication terminal such as a mobile phone, and an automatic accompaniment piano. -You may apply to equipment. Moreover, the structure of a personal computer and application software may be sufficient.

  Next, “accompaniment pattern processing” for automatically generating an accompaniment sound based on automatic accompaniment pattern data in the electronic musical instrument shown in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. However, in the following embodiment, an automatic accompaniment sound is generated by performing pitch conversion while referring to the “attribute table” shown in FIG. 6 in which the attribute is set with the note name “C” as the reference root sound. An example will be described. Further, in order to facilitate understanding of the description, an example using a known second method as described below as a pitch conversion process is shown.

  Before describing the “accompaniment pattern processing”, a conventionally known pitch conversion processing using an attribute table will be briefly described. As already explained, considering the fact that the automatic accompaniment pattern data is produced assuming a predetermined source code, the pitch conversion of the automatic accompaniment pattern data is performed according to the specified target code at the time of automatic accompaniment execution. Therefore, pitch conversion processing is performed. In the known pitch conversion processing, each note event data (sound name) included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data is determined by referring to the attribute table in the source code type, and the same attribute is the target. Which pitch name is to be obtained in the type of chord is obtained by referring to the same attribute table, and pitch conversion is performed so that each has the same attribute.

  By the way, when a target code (for example, Emin) that is different from the source code (for example, Cmaj7) as well as the type (maj7) as well as the root sound (C) is specified, the pitch for the route is also recorded for each note event data. Conversion (pitch shift) needs to be performed. As the pitch conversion (pitch shift) for this route, there is a first method that further shifts the pitch of only the difference between the root tone (C) of the source code and the root tone (E) of the target chord after the pitch conversion. Are known. This first method is a method that has little influence on the pitch relation between each sound before and after pitch conversion, and is particularly suitable for melodic patterns. is there.

  On the other hand, as a method different from the first method, when determining the attribute according to each type of the source code and the target code, the definition content itself of the “attribute table” is shifted in consideration of the root sound of each code. By performing the pitch conversion with reference to the “attribute table” after the content shift, the pitch conversion including the pitch conversion (pitch shift) for the root can be performed collectively. The second method is also known. Since a specific example of the second method will be described later (see FIGS. 3 and 4 described later), detailed description thereof will be omitted here. This second method is a method with little change in absolute pitch before and after pitch conversion, and can be said to be particularly suitable for chord patterns.

  However, when this second method is adopted, the change in absolute pitch may be increased by converting the pitched attribute to the attribute with the same number. In that case, the attributes may be exchanged between attributes having different numbers in the attribute table. For example, “c1” and “c2” are interchanged. At this time, if a high attribute and a low attribute that are greatly different in importance are exchanged (for example, c1 and c4), an automatic accompaniment sound that does not reproduce the characteristics of the chord after pitch conversion may be generated. When exchanging attributes, it is preferable to exchange only within a range of close importance. For example, in the case of a five chord, it may be limited so that it can be replaced only within the range of “c1”, “c2”, “c3”, and only within the range of “c4”, “c5”.

  The “accompaniment pattern processing” executed by the automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of “accompaniment pattern processing”. This process is a process executed by the CPU 1, in accordance with the user operation or in the automatic accompaniment pattern data until the accompaniment stop operation is performed triggered by the accompaniment start operation by the user with the “automatic accompaniment start / stop” switch. It is repeatedly activated at predetermined timings (every time interval) according to the playback tempo set according to the definition.

  Step S1 is data in which the processing timing has arrived among the note event data included in the data in accordance with the reproduction / reading of the automatic accompaniment pattern data to be reproduced selected in accordance with the operation of the accompaniment data selection switch by the user. It is determined whether or not there is. If there is no note event data for which processing timing has arrived (NO in step S1), the processing ends. On the other hand, if there is note event data whose processing timing has arrived (YES in step S1), “normal pitch conversion processing” (see FIG. 3 to be described later) and “root sound giving processing” (see FIG. 4 to be described later). ) In order (step S2 and step S3). The automatic accompaniment pattern data includes note event data related to a plurality of parts, for example, a chord part, a bass part, and a rhythm part. Of these, note event data related to the rhythm part is pitch-converted according to the target chord. Needless to say, it is not necessary to perform the “accompaniment pattern processing” even when there is note event data for which the processing timing has arrived.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of “normal pitch conversion processing” (see step S2 in FIG. 2). In step S11, when the reference root sound of the attribute table (see FIG. 6) is different from the root sound of the source code of the automatic accompaniment pattern data (referred to as source route), the definition content of the attribute table is determined according to the second method described above. Shift in accordance with the source route (that is, shift the entire definition content of the attribute table to the right in the figure so that the attribute assigned to the note name “C” in the figure is associated with the pitch name corresponding to the source route) Thus, the attribute of each note name is determined using the attribute table after the content shift (after the attribute redefinition).

  More specifically, for example, when the reference route sound in the attribute table is “C” and the source code is “Cmaj7”, both the reference route sound and the source route are “C”. Content shift (redefinition of attributes) need not be performed. In this case, if the note name of the processing target note event is “B” as an example, the attribute corresponding to the note name “B” is obtained from the attribute table shown in FIG. On the other hand, for example, if the source code is “Emin”, the content route of the attribute table (redefinition of attributes) is performed because the source route is “E”. That is, when the reference root sound is “C” and the source route is a pitch (pitch name) other than “C”, the contents of the attribute table are shifted (redefinition of attributes). For example, if the source code is “Emin”, and if the note name of the note event to be processed is “B” as an example, the note name “from the attribute table after the content shift (attribute redefinition)” The attribute corresponding to “B” is obtained as “c3”.

  In step S12, when the reference root sound of the attribute table is different from the root sound of the target chord (referred to as the target route), the “attribute table” is shifted (re-attributes) according to the target route according to the second method described above. And a pitch name corresponding to the obtained attribute in the type of the target chord (or an attribute replaced as necessary in the attribute table as described above) is obtained. That is, for example, if the target code is “Cmin7”, the target route is “C”, and therefore the attribute table does not need to be shifted (attribute redefinition). When the target code is “Cmin7”, the pitch name to which the attribute “c1” is given in the attribute table shown in FIG. 6 as an example is “B ♭”. (However, in the case of no replacement of attributes in the attribute table described above). On the other hand, if the target route is other than “C”, the attribute table is shifted (attribute redefinition). For example, when the target code is “Gmin7”, the pitch name to which the attribute “c3” is assigned in the attribute table after the shift (redefinition of the attribute) is “D”. Is obtained as “D” (in the case of no replacement of attributes). When there are a plurality of corresponding pitch names when determining the corresponding pitch names, it is preferable to determine the pitch name closest to the original pitch name from among them.

  In step S13, the pitch of the processing target note event data is converted so that the obtained pitch name is obtained. As described above, for example, when the source code is “Cmaj7” and the target code is “Cmin7”, the note number in the note event is changed so that the pitch name “B” becomes the pitch name “B ♭”. Convert. For example, when the source code is “Emaj7” and the target code is “Gmin7”, the note number in the note event is converted so that the pitch name “B” becomes the pitch name “D”. In step S14, the note event data after the pitch conversion is performed when the pitch conversion is performed, and the note event data of the automatic accompaniment pattern data is directly used as the sound source / effect circuit when the pitch conversion is not performed. Output to 8.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the “root sound giving process” (see step S3 in FIG. 2). In step S21, it is determined whether or not the root sound automatic assignment parameter is “ON”. This automatic root tone addition parameter is a parameter that defines whether automatic root tone addition is enabled or disabled in advance for each of a plurality of parts (or each track) constituting the automatic accompaniment pattern data. Thus, the device settings of the electronic musical instrument relating to the automatic addition of the root sound for each part unit can be automatically enabled (on) / disabled (off). Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and the device setting of the electronic musical instrument relating to the automatic addition of the root sound may be appropriately enabled (ON) / disabled (OFF) for each part unit by operating the switch or the like. .

  If the root sound auto assignment parameter is set to “ON” (YES in step S21), there is a possibility that the automatic accompaniment pattern data to be reproduced does not include the root sound in the automatic accompaniment sound generated after the pitch conversion. It is determined whether or not the data is of a certain type (step S22). As a specific method, the automatic accompaniment pattern data to be reproduced is prefetched, and for all the note event data included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data, the attributes “c1” and “c4” are set in the source code type in the attribute table. It may be determined whether or not each note event data corresponding to the defined note name is included. That is, when the automatic accompaniment pattern data includes the respective note event data corresponding to the note names for which the attributes “c1” and “c4” are defined, the note event data according to the progress of the automatic accompaniment. Corresponding to the target chord, the root note after pitch conversion is always generated (for all chords, the attribute table is created so that the root tone attribute is either “c1” or “c4”). Since any note event of “c1” and “c4” in the automatic accompaniment pattern data becomes a root in any target chord), the chord can be obtained without adding a new root sound. The feeling is not lost.

  On the other hand, if the automatic accompaniment pattern data does not include the respective note event data corresponding to the note names for which the attributes “c1” and “c4” are defined, the note event data is changed according to the progress of the automatic accompaniment. Correspondingly, there is a possibility that the root sound after pitch conversion in accordance with the target chord may not be generated, and if it is not generated, the chord feeling is lost unless a new root sound is added. Therefore, the automatic accompaniment pattern data is pre-read in advance in order to check whether or not note event data corresponding to the note names for which the attributes “c1” and “c4” are defined is included. In other words, unless the original automatic accompaniment pattern data includes both note event data corresponding to the note names for which the attributes “c1” and “c4” are defined, the chord feeling may be lost. Certain target codes (for example, “majAdd9”, “6/9”, “min7”, “min7 ♭ 5”, “minAdd9”, “min11”, “dim7”, all “dominant 7th”, etc.) are automatically assigned root sounds (To be described later). Note that the automatic accompaniment pattern data need only be prefetched at least once, and the determination result is held as a flag (0, 1), for example. It is preferable to make a determination with reference to FIG.

  Auto-accompaniment pattern data is a type of automatic accompaniment sound that is generated after pitch conversion and includes root sound, specifically note event data corresponding to pitch names with attributes "c1" and "c4" Is included (NO in step S22), the chord feeling is maintained even in the automatic accompaniment sound after pitch conversion, and it is not necessary to newly supplement the root sound, so the processing is terminated. On the other hand, each note corresponding to a type of data that may not include the root sound in the automatic accompaniment sound generated after the pitch conversion, specifically, the pitch names with the attributes “c1” and “c4” If neither event data is included (YES in step S22), the process of step S23 is executed. In step S23, it is determined whether or not the attribute obtained in the “normal pitch conversion process” is “c1”. If the obtained attribute is “c1” (YES in step S23), it is further determined whether or not the target chord type is a root sound giving target type (step S24).

  Here, an example of the type of target code (root sound giving target type) that is the target of root sound automatic assignment when the “attribute table” shown in FIG. 6 is used, for example, “majAdd9”, “6 / “9”, “min7”, “min7 ♭ 5”, “minAdd9”, “min11”, “dim7”, all “dominant 7th”, etc. Which chord type among the many chord types is the target type for automatic root sound assignment depends on the attribute assignment contents for each note name in the attribute table (particularly the presence / absence of the attribute “c4” and “c4”). Since it differs depending on whether “c4” is assigned to the route, it cannot be determined absolutely. Accordingly, the chord type to be automatically assigned with the root sound is appropriately determined by the instrument manufacturer or the like (or may be a user) who created the attribute table, and this is used as the corresponding chord type data and the like attribute table. It is good to associate and store each other so that they can be used together.

  Returning to the explanation of FIG. 4, when it is determined that the target chord type is the root sound giving target type (YES in step S24), the target type is read as “min (or maj)” (step S25). This replacement of the target type is performed in order to associate the attribute “c1” with the root sound. For example, in the “attribute table” shown in FIG. 6, since the attribute “c1” is assigned to the root sound in “min (or maj)”, the target type is read as “min (or maj)” here. ing. As a result, the root sound to be automatically given according to the target code can be specified in accordance with the later-described processing using the attribute table. Of course, the replacement of the target type is not limited to this, and it may be replaced with another chord type having the attribute “c1” attached to the root sound. That is, the target type to be read can be changed depending on the definition content of the attribute table.

In step S26, when the reference route sound of the “attribute table” and the route sound of the target chord (referred to as target route) are different, the attribute table is shifted according to the target route according to the above-described second method. And a pitch name corresponding to the obtained attribute in the type of the target chord (or an attribute replaced as necessary in the attribute table as described above) is obtained. When there are a plurality of corresponding pitch names when determining the corresponding pitch names, it is preferable to determine the pitch name closest to the original pitch name from among them. A step S27 generates a note event having a pitch lower than the pitch name obtained and the pitch of the note event to be processed. The velocity (or tone control parameter such as gate time) of the note event generated here may be the same as the velocity (or gate time, etc.) of the note event to be processed, and can be arbitrarily increased or decreased. May be. When the velocity (or gate time or the like) is increased or decreased, the increased or decreased value may be defined in advance in the automatic accompaniment pattern data as a parameter. In step S28, the generated new note event is output to the sound source / effect circuit 8. In this way, even if there is no root sound in the automatic accompaniment sound based on the automatic accompaniment pattern data, it is possible to generate the automatic accompaniment sound by adding the root sound.
In step S23, the root sound is added in accordance with the sound of the note event having the attribute “c1” because the sound of the attribute “c1” that is most important in each chord to be routed is assigned. This is to make the chord feel clearer by playing the root sound at the same time. However, it goes without saying that the root sound may be played simultaneously with a sound other than “c1”.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of pitch conversion based on the “accompaniment pattern processing” when “Cmin7” is designated as the accompaniment code. FIG. 5A shows that each note event “B, G, E” (excluding the root C of the chord constituent sound of the source code Cmaj7) included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data is matched with the target code “Cmin”. FIG. 6 shows automatic accompaniment sounds before and after conversion when the pitch is converted. FIG. 5B shows automatic accompaniment sounds before and after conversion when the note events “B, G, E” are pitch-converted in accordance with the target code “Cmin7”. In the figure, attributes are written after each pitch name.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the result of pitch conversion of “B, G, E” according to the target code “Cmin” according to the “accompaniment pattern processing” is the original pattern data “ The automatic accompaniment sound “C, G, E ♭” after the pitch conversion of B, G, E ”includes the root sound“ C ”, which is the sound of normal“ Cmin ” Since it is as perceived by the user and designated as an accompaniment code, it is not necessary to newly add a root sound. In this case, according to the above processing, each attribute of the original pattern data “B, G, E” before pitch conversion is “c1, c3, c2” and “c4” is not included (steps). Since the type of the target code “Cmin” is not the root sound addition target type (NO in step S24), no new root sound is added.

  On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 5B, the automatic accompaniment sound after the pitch conversion obtained by converting the pitch of the pattern data “B, G, E” before the pitch conversion is “B ♭, G , E ♭ ”and originally does not include the root sound“ C ”. This is shown in FIG. 6 because each attribute of the original pattern data “B, G, E” before pitch conversion is “c1, c3, c2” and does not include “c4”. This is because there is no original data whose pitch is converted to the pitch name “C” to which “c4” is assigned in the code type “min7” of the attribute table. Thus, as described above, when the root sound “C” is not included, the root sound “C” is automatically given, so that the user can perceive it as the sound of the normal “Cmin7” chord component sound. Like that. That is, according to the above processing, each attribute of the original pattern data “B, G, E” before pitch conversion is “c1, c3, c2” and does not include “c4” (step S22). In addition, since the type of the target code “Cmin7” is the root sound giving target type (YES in Step S24), a new root sound is given (Step S25 to Step S28).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, a predetermined code determined in advance according to the definition content of the attribute table referred to during pitch conversion, specifically, an attribute ( A chord (a chord of a type in which the root sound is not regarded as important) whose attribute (importance) is lower than other chord constituent sounds is designated as a target chord, and a pitch based on the target chord When the root sound is not included in the converted automatic accompaniment sound, the root sound of the chord is automatically supplemented according to the target chord. Thus, in the automatic accompaniment apparatus that generates the automatic accompaniment sound by converting the pitch of the original automatic accompaniment pattern data with reference to the predetermined attribute table according to the specified target code, the specified target Depending on the chord, the converted auto accompaniment sound may not contain the root sound of the target chord, and the chord feeling that the user obtains from the auto accompaniment sound changes to a chord different from the specified target chord (a different chord) The chord feeling is maintained even after the pitch conversion. In addition, the conventional automatic accompaniment apparatus that performs pitch conversion according to the attribute table also has an advantage that it can be easily achieved without greatly changing the conventional mechanism and program.

  Furthermore, when adding a root sound automatically, it is not necessary to prepare a separate track exclusively for the sound generation of the root sound other than the track for generating the automatic accompaniment sound based on the automatic accompaniment pattern data as in the past. Tracks that are limited resources can be used effectively. If it is not necessary to prepare a separate track, there is no need to prepare dedicated automatic accompaniment sound generation pattern data for that purpose. Addition can be easily selected. In addition, it is possible not only to select the addition / non-addition of the route sound by the route sound automatic assignment parameter, but also to easily control the route sound to be added. For example, in order to prevent the sound of the sound from becoming heavy due to the addition of the root sound, the added root sound may be generated conservatively by lowering the velocity. When it is desired to emphasize the added root sound, it is preferable that the added root sound is generated with a higher volume than other sounds by increasing the velocity. Such a velocity-related parameter (musical sound control parameter) can be easily controlled only by defining it in advance in the automatic accompaniment pattern data together with the root tone automatic giving parameter.

  In the embodiment described above, it is determined whether or not the automatic accompaniment pattern data to be processed is data that does not include the root tone in the converted pitch (see step S22), and the root tone is added to the converted pitch. When the data is not included, the root sound is automatically assigned. However, when the attribute obtained without performing the determination process is “c1” (see step S23), the process after step S24 is performed. The root sound should be automatically given according to However, in such a case, after the root tone is generated based on the normal pitch conversion of the automatic accompaniment pattern data, it is preferable not to automatically give the root tone (that is, the route from the middle of the automatic accompaniment). Does not automatically add sound).

In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the second method is used as the pitch conversion (pitch shift) processing for each root sound in the source code and the target code has been shown. A method may be used. In addition, it may be possible to arbitrarily set the pitch conversion method of the first method or the second method for each part (each track).
In addition, when the process described in the above-mentioned “root sound giving process” (step S25 to step S27) is not adopted and the target chord type is the root sound giving target type (YES in step S24 in FIG. 4). Alternatively, a process of newly generating a note event of “the root sound of the target chord lower than the target note event to be processed” may be performed.

1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an overall configuration of an electronic musical instrument to which an automatic accompaniment apparatus according to the present invention is applied. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of an accompaniment pattern process. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of a normal pitch conversion process. It is a flowchart which shows one Example of a route sound provision process. It is a figure for demonstrating the specific example of the pitch conversion by an accompaniment pattern process. It is a conceptual diagram which shows one Example of an attribute table. It is a figure for demonstrating the prior art example of pitch conversion.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... CPU, 2 ... ROM, 3 ... RAM, 4 ... Storage device, 5, 6 ... Detection circuit, 5A ... Performance operator, 6A ... Setting operator, 7 ... Display circuit, 7A ... Display, 8 ... Sound source / effect Circuit, 8A ... Sound system, 9 ... Communication interface, 1D ... Communication bus

Claims (9)

An automatic accompaniment device that performs automatic accompaniment by converting the pitch of each component sound included in automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference code according to an arbitrary code separately specified,
A chord storage means that defines a chord type to be automatically assigned to the root sound;
By referring to the chord storage means, a type determining means for determining whether or not the designated chord type is a chord type that is an object of automatic root tone addition; and
An automatic accompaniment apparatus comprising root addition means for adding a root tone of the designated chord when the designated chord type is a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone assignment. The automatic accompaniment pattern data further comprises root sound determination means for determining whether or not there is a sound that becomes a root after conversion according to the designated chord,
The root tone adding means determines the root of the designated chord when it is determined that the designated chord type is a chord type subject to automatic root tone addition and there is no sound to be the root. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a sound is added. It further comprises parameter setting means for setting a parameter as to whether or not to add the root note of the chord,
The root addition means is the specified chord type when the designated chord type is a chord type that is an object of automatic root tone addition and when a parameter for giving the root tone of the chord is set. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a root note of a chord is added. Further comprising attribute determination means for determining whether or not the pitch of each component sound included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data is a sound of a predetermined attribute;
In the case where the specified chord type is a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone addition, and the pitch of the constituent sounds is a tone having a predetermined attribute, 2. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a root tone of the designated chord is added. An automatic accompaniment device that performs automatic accompaniment by converting the pitch of each component sound included in automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference code according to an arbitrary code separately specified,
Attribute storage means for defining for each predetermined chord type an attribute indicating at least one of a chord sound, a scale sound other than a chord sound, and a non-scale sound for each of the twelve sound names, For each tone name of each chord component note, defining an attribute indicating that it is a chord tone and giving importance as a chord tone;
By referring to the attribute storage means, among the constituent sounds included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data, it is determined which attribute the pitch name of the chord constituent sound corresponding to the reference chord is, and the determined attribute Specifying means for specifying a pitch name of a chord constituent sound corresponding to the specified chord to which the same attribute is assigned;
Based on the pitch name of the chord constituent sound included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data and the specified pitch name, the pitch of the chord constituent sound of the automatic accompaniment pattern data is shifted, and the root tone of the designated chord Pitch conversion means for shifting the pitch according to
A chord storage means that defines a chord type to be automatically assigned to the root sound;
By referring to the chord storage means, a type determining means for determining whether or not the designated chord type is a chord type that is an object of automatic root tone addition; and
The designated chord type is a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone assignment, and the designated chord tone assigned to the obtained attribute is a predetermined importance, and is designated. An automatic accompaniment device comprising root addition means for adding the root of a chord. Referring to the attribute storage means, whether or not the automatic accompaniment pattern data is data including the root of the designated chord in the automatic accompaniment sound after pitch conversion is based on the importance as the chord sound. Further comprising a root tone judging means for judging,
The root tone adding means is a chord type for which the designated chord type is a target of automatic root tone addition, and the automatic accompaniment pattern data is converted into an automatic accompaniment sound after pitch conversion by the root tone determining means. 6. The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein when it is determined that the data does not include the root of the designated chord, the root of the designated chord is added.   The chord storage means indicates the chord sound with respect to the pitch name of each chord constituent sound in the attribute defining means, and among the attributes given the importance as the chord sound that can be different for each chord type, The automatic accompaniment apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a chord type in which a predetermined importance is not given to the root note is a target of automatic root note assignment. A computer program for converting and automatically accompaniing the pitch of each component sound included in automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference code according to any code separately specified,
On the computer,
A procedure for determining whether or not the specified chord type is a chord type to be automatically rooted by referring to a predetermined chord storage means defining a chord type to be automatically rooted; ,
A program for executing a procedure of adding a root sound of the designated chord when the designated chord type is a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone assignment. A computer program for converting and automatically accompaniing the pitch of each component sound included in automatic accompaniment pattern data generated based on a predetermined reference code according to any code separately specified,
On the computer,
By referring to a predetermined attribute storage means that defines at least a chord sound, a scale sound other than the chord sound, and a non-scale sound attribute for each predetermined chord type for each of the 12 sound names, the automatic Among the constituent sounds included in the accompaniment pattern data, it is determined which attribute the pitch name of the chord constituent sound corresponding to the reference chord is, and the specified chord assigned the same attribute as the determined attribute To specify the note name of the chord component sound corresponding to
Based on the pitch name of the chord constituent sound included in the automatic accompaniment pattern data and the specified pitch name, the pitch of the chord constituent sound of the automatic accompaniment pattern data is shifted, and the root tone of the designated chord According to the procedure to shift the pitch according to
A procedure for determining whether or not the specified chord type is a chord type to be automatically rooted by referring to a predetermined chord storage means defining a chord type to be automatically rooted; ,
When the specified chord type is a chord type that is a target of automatic root tone addition, and the importance level as a chord tone given to the attribute indicating the obtained chord tone is a predetermined importance level And a procedure for adding the root of the designated chord.

Images