JP2009148215A - Vegetation base - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vegetation base enabling laying of each of the bases, and smooth progress of germination and growth of sown seeds. <P>SOLUTION: This vegetation base comprises a compressed formed body of the mixture of woody and/or herbaceous crushed chips, fertilizer ingredients, a binding material which contains as the essential component, a substance which causes hydration reaction between water to produce a hydration compound, and water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vegetation base, and more specifically, a vegetation base that effectively uses raw chips such as wood that are generated in large quantities during slope work, and when seeds are sown there, germination and growth of the seeds occur. The present invention relates to a vegetation base that can be carried and arranged one by one because it has a smooth and moderate strength.

At various construction sites such as slope construction sites, roadside tree maintenance sites, and park maintenance sites, a large amount of felled trees, pruned branches and leaves are generated, but these are brought to an intermediate processing company and finely crushed into chips. It becomes. And most of these crushing chips are transported to the incineration plant, where a large amount of heat energy is consumed and incinerated.
For these reasons, recently, attempts have been made to effectively use the crushing chips by producing valuable materials from the crushing chips (raw chips).

For example, a vegetation board is proposed in which a wood chip, a viscous soil such as red clay, and an aqueous binder such as vinyl acetate emulsion are mixed, and the mixture is filled in a mold and then press-molded (see Patent Document 1). . Then, it has been proposed to plant seeds or seedlings on the vegetation board and use them to green the ground surface by laying them on a slope, for example.
However, in the case of this vegetation board, the amount of wood chips used is very small, about ¼ to ３ of the weight of the red crust, and it can be said that it is actually a vegetation board made of red crust.

In addition, since it is manufactured by press molding using a vinyl acetate emulsion as a binder, the obtained vegetation board has a relatively high density and high hardness, and can be handled one by one. Although it is convenient, there is a problem that it is not necessarily good in terms of germination and growth of the seeds sowed.
JP 2005-328741 A

  The present invention is a vegetation base that can be placed one by one in a desired place like the vegetation board of Patent Document 1 described above, but unlike the vegetation board of Patent Document 1, By using crushed chips as a main component without using them, the amount of crushed chips used has increased significantly, and the air permeability, water retention, and overall hardness are also appropriate, so seed germination and growth are smooth. The purpose is to provide a new vegetation base.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors can obtain the above-mentioned object by using a binder described later in the course of repeated research for producing a vegetation base using only crushed chips without using any soil. The vegetation base has the appropriate strength to handle each one individually, has excellent air permeability and water retention, is relatively soft as a whole, and germinates and grows seeds. As a result, the present inventors found the fact that the process proceeds smoothly and led to the development of the vegetation base of the present invention.

That is, the vegetation base of the present invention is a compression of a mixture of wood or / and grass crush chips, a fertilizer component, a binder containing a substance that causes a hydration reaction to generate a hydrated compound, and water. It is a molded body.
In particular, the binder preferably includes fly ash, aluminum sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica powder, and a cement component as essential components.

In the process of mixing the binder and crushed chips, which will be described later, in the coexistence of water, the binder is converted into a self-hardening hydrated compound by a hydration reaction between water and the crushed chips. Since the different crushing chips are partially bound to each other by this self-hardening hydrated compound, the resulting mixture becomes porous.
The molded product obtained by compression molding this mixture with an appropriate compression force is still in a porous state, so that air permeability and water retention are ensured, and the whole is crushed by the elasticity of the crushing chip as the main component. Since the compact is soft and the crushed chips are bound to each other by a self-hardening hydrated compound, the compact has an appropriate strength and is suitable for germination and growth of seeds sown here. Functions as a vegetation base.

The base for vegetation of the present invention is manufactured by mixing a crushed chip, a fertilizer component, a binder, and water, and compression-molding the obtained mixture.
The crushing chips are not particularly limited. For example, the cutting chips, pruning branches and leaves generated by slope construction, road construction, roadside tree maintenance, etc. can be raised. A cutting tip can be given.

If the crushing chip is too large, the bulk density of the mixture becomes small, and it becomes difficult to compress it and shape it into a desired shape, and the strength of the obtained molded body also becomes weak. On the other hand, if the crushed chip is too small, the compact becomes dense and its strength is increased, but on the other hand, germination and growth of seeds are inhibited.
Therefore, the size of the crushing tip is preferably about 5 to 40 mm.

The fertilizer component may be any fertilizer that is necessary for the growth of seeds and seedlings to be sown, such as high control (trade name, manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) and tachyporin (trade name, Taki Chemical Co., Ltd.). Etc.) are suitable.
Next, the binder used in the present invention will be described.
This binder contains, as an essential component, a substance that causes a hydration reaction with water and converts it into a hydrated compound. Specifically, it is preferable that fly ash, aluminum sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica powder, and a cement component are included as essential components.

Fly ash is the main component of this binder, and is colloidally dispersed in the water used at the time of preparation of the mixture, and at the same time causes a hydration reaction with water, at least the surface portion being ettringite. It is converted into a hydrated compound such as calcium silicate hydrate and self-hardening.
In the process, the hydrated compound is generated while entraining the crushed chips in the mixture. As a result, porous aggregates having a structure in which many crushed chips and hydrated compounds are combined are formed. Become.

In place of this fly ash, incineration ash of paper sludge, blast furnace slag, or the like may be used.
Aluminum sulfate dissolves in water and functions as an aggregating agent during preparation of the mixture, and generates ettringite with fly ash dispersed in water to promote the aggregation. At the same time, aluminum sulfate is hydrolyzed to aluminum hydroxide, and in the process, polycondensation ions of aluminum are generated as a polymer, which condenses while entraining crushing chips.

If the content of this aluminum sulfate in the binder is too small, the above-described effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited. Conversely, if the content is too large, the above-mentioned effect reaches saturation, so the content is 0 with respect to 100 parts by mass of fly ash. 1 to 10 parts by mass.
Calcium sulfate, like aluminum sulfate, dissolves in water during preparation of the mixture, dissociates, causes fly ash and hydration reaction, and converts to ettringite and calcium silicate hydrate while involving crushing chips. Go.

If the amount of calcium sulfate is too small, the above-mentioned effects cannot be fully exerted. Conversely, if the amount of calcium sulfate is too large, the mixture becomes hard because calcium sulfate itself is a gypsum component, so that germination and growth of seeds are inhibited. Therefore, the content is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of fly ash.
Silica powder is dispersed in porous aggregates of hydrated compounds and crushed chips produced during the mixing process to increase the strength of the aggregates.

The silica powder to be used is not particularly limited, but fumed silica and natural shirasu are suitable. Since fumed silica is amorphous in particular, it is suitable because it combines with fly ash and a cement component described later while crystallizing at the time of preparing the mixture to increase the strength of the hydrated compound and crushed chips.
If the amount of silica powder is too small, the above-described effects are not sufficiently exhibited. Conversely, if the amount is too large, the effect reaches saturation, so the content is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of fly ash. .

The cement component is blended in order to condense the compact in a short time and to ensure its strength when the mixture is compression molded. Examples of the cement component include Portland cement and early-strength cement.
If the content of the cement component is too small, the above-described effects cannot be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, if the content is too large, the molded product after compression molding becomes too hard and inhibits seed germination and growth. And the content shall be 1-40 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of fly ash.

  If the binder is further mixed with an organic polymer glue such as vinyl acetate emulsion or carboxymethyl cellulose, the strength of the molded body is increased and it is not easily damaged even when subjected to impact. However, if blended too much, the resulting molded product becomes hard, densified, and inhibits germination / growth of the sown seed, so the blended amount is 1000 parts per 100 parts by weight of fly ash. The upper limit is mass parts.

Moreover, you may mix | blend biodegradable resin like a polylactic acid-type emulsion and a starch-type emulsion with this binder. If it carries out like this, biodegradation of these resin will progress and it can be made into the nutrient for the seed which sown the said crushing chip | tip.
Moreover, you may mix | blend enzymes, such as a pineapple enzyme.
The vegetation base of the present invention can be manufactured as follows.

First, the crushed chip, the binder, and the fertilizer component are mixed thoroughly, and then water is added to the mixture to further mix. At this time, seeds and plant rhizomes may be mixed at the same time. In this mixing, it is sufficient to mix the binder 1 at a ratio of 45 to 100 times the amount of water and 80 to 250 times the amount of crushed chips.
After thorough mixing, the mixture is compression molded to the desired shape. If the molding pressure at this time is too small, the strength of the molded body may weaken and collapse when carried, and conversely, if the molding pressure is too large, germination and growth of seeds that have been sown due to densification of the molded body will be hindered. Will come to be. For this reason, the molding pressure is preferably about 0.3 to 0.7 Pa.

Fly ash (manufactured by Joban Thermal Power Industry Co., Ltd.) 24.8 kg, aluminum sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd.) 0.2 kg, calcium sulfate (manufactured by Naito Shoten Co., Ltd.) 0.6 kg, fumed silica (manufactured by Neolite Kosan Co., Ltd.) 0.6 kg, 3.8 kg of early strong cement (Sumitomo Cement Co., Ltd.) was mixed to prepare a binder with a total amount of 30 kg.
On the other hand, 750 kg (1500 L) of raw chips (about 5 to 30 mm in size and a bulk density of about 0.5 g / cm ³ ) were prepared.

750 kg of raw chips, 30 kg of binder and 4 kg of fertilizer (takiporin) are added to a tank of 3100 L capacity and stirred, and 400 kg (400 L) of water is further added thereto and stirred for 0.2 hours, totaling 1184 kg of the example mixture Was prepared.
For comparison, 200 kg (400 L) of raw chips, 640 kg (800 L), red fertilizer, 4 kg of fertilizer, 140 kg of vinyl acetate emulsion and 200 kg (200 L) of water used in preparing the example mixture were put into a tank and stirred. A total of 1184 kg of a comparative mixture was prepared.

A part of each of these mixtures was taken out, compression molded at a pressure of 0.5 MPa, left in that state for about 1 hour, then removed from the mold, and three vegetation bases having a diameter of 130 mm and a height of 40 mm were molded. .
The obtained molded body could be carried by hand. For example, even if a slight impact was applied with a fist, it did not collapse or decompose.

Next, a dent is made in the central part of these Example Base and Comparative Example Base, 0.52 g of the mixed seed is sprayed on the base, and the top is thinly covered with nearby farmland, and then the apartment veranda (from afternoon to shade) ) And observed germination and growth.
The seed mix is 0.1 g TF (equivalent to about 40 seeds), 0.02 g CRF, 0.08 g BG, 0.25 g Yamaha, 0.07 g methagi (equivalent to about 42 seeds) per base. Seeds.

After 10 days from seed dispersal, germination of only TF and Medhagi was observed on any base, and their growth progressed day by day.
After 4 weeks from the seed application, the height and number of seeds on each base were measured, and the state of overgrowth on the base was measured.
In addition, about the index showing the state of overgrowth, a value obtained by quantifying the total value of the height of the established species × the number was adopted. The results of the average values are shown in Table 1 together with the germination rate.

Moreover, about each base, the hardness of three places of each base was measured using the Yamanaka type soil hardness meter, and the average value was calculated | required (temperature 27 degreeC at the time of measurement).
In the case of the example base, the average value of the three bases (measured in nine places in total) is 21.7 cm, and in the case of the comparative example base, the average value of the three bases is 29.7 cm with a high hardness. there were.
As is clear from the above results, the example base is softer than the comparative base, and thus forms a suitable environment for root system elongation, and is an excellent base for seed germination and growth. This is because the vinyl acetate emulsion was used as the binder in the case of the comparative example base, and the binder containing the component that forms a hydrated compound with water was used in the case of the example base. It is believed that there is.

  The base for vegetation according to the present invention can form an environment effective for seed germination and growth by effectively using the crushed chips that have been finally incinerated. And since it has moderate strength, it can be laid out on the ground and slopes outside the road, green spaces in the park, green spaces in the factory premises, green spaces in general households, etc. Useful for formation.

Claims (5)

  It is a compression molded product of a mixture of wood or / and herbaceous crush chips, fertilizer components, a binder that contains a substance that generates a hydrated compound by causing a hydration reaction, and water. Vegetation base.   The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein the binder comprises fly ash, aluminum sulfate, calcium sulfate, silica powder, and a cement component as essential components.   The base for vegetation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an organic polymer paste is further blended in the first binder.   The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is further mixed with plant seeds and rhizomes.   The vegetation base according to claim 1, wherein a biodegradable resin is mixed in the mixture.