JP2009146166A - Work standardization support system and work standardization support method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a work standardization support system for supporting work standardization based on flow line information of work. <P>SOLUTION: The work standardization support system SS includes a tag reader 10 receiving information from an IC tag installed to a mobile body related to work, and a management server 20 including a storage part 22 for accumulating the information received from the tag reader 10. The management server 20 extracts position information and time information related to a predetermined work stored in the storage part 22 to form flow lines related to the predetermined work, calculates an average time based on the working time of each flow line, and defines a flow line of the average time or less as a standard flow line of the predetermined work. The management server 20 performs the calculation of average time based on the working time of each flow line at predetermined time intervals, and reports, when the average time tends to increase, that effect to an output part 25. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a work standardization support system and a work standardization support method that support work standardization based on work flow line information.

In recent manufacturing sites, activities such as production reform and on-site improvement have been carried out in order to maximize work efficiency such as standardization and leveling of work. For example, a person in charge of work improvement takes a stopwatch, walks behind the worker, and collects work time information of the worker. Alternatively, an apparatus that automatically collects human movement information and creates a flow line is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2000-90149 A

  However, even if the work time of the worker is measured and the work content is standardized, there is a problem that when the worker is replaced, the work is started again. For example, recently, a plurality of persons in charge such as general employees, part-timers, and part-time workers may be in charge of work. Currently, part-timers and part-timers are frequently entering and leaving the company. For this reason, there has been a problem that standardization of work does not progress in work contents (for example, a staff member) that often involves the work of the worker.

  Moreover, although the flow line creation apparatus shown in patent document 1 is aimed at the customer to a store and the movement information of the acquired flow line is shown, the relationship of standardization of work is not described.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a work standardization support system and a work standardization support method that support work standardization based on work flow line information.

  In order to achieve the above object, in a work standardization support system that supports standardization of work, a tag reader (for example, tag reader 10) that receives information from an IC tag attached to a mobile body involved in the work, and information received from the tag reader. A management device (for example, the management server 20) having a storage unit for accumulating, and the management device extracts position information and time information related to a predetermined operation stored in the storage unit, and performs a motion related to the predetermined operation. An average time is calculated based on a flow line creation means (for example, a flow line trajectory acquisition unit 211 and a flow line drawing unit 212) for creating a line, and a work time for each flow line. It is characterized by having work standardization means (for example, work standardization unit 213) that stores the standard flow line of work in the storage unit.

  According to the present invention, work standardization can be supported based on work flow line information.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a work standardization support system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The work standardization support system SS includes tag readers 10a (10), 10b (10), 10c (10),..., 10n (10), and a management server (management device) 20. The tag reader 10 and the management server 20 are connected by a network 30 such as a LAN (Local Area Network).

  The IC tag T is realized by a non-contact wireless ID tag such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The IC tag T is mounted on a moving body (for example, an operator, a carriage), and IC tag identification information (IC tag identification information) is stored so that the moving body can be identified. The IC tag T includes a passive tag that does not have a battery and obtains power from received radio waves, and a battery-mounted active tag that transmits information by itself. The passive tag is used for information transmission at a short distance of 1 m or less from the tag reader. On the other hand, the active tag is used for information transmission at a long distance of several meters or more with the tag reader. In the embodiment of the present invention, a case where an active tag is used will be described.

  The tag reader 10 can receive radio waves transmitted from the IC tag T by an antenna and acquire IC tag identification information stored in the IC tag T. Then, the tag reader 10 transmits the received IC tag identification information, tag reader identification information that is information for identifying the tag reader 10, and detection time information of the IC tag T to the management server 20.

  Note that the antenna of the tag reader 10 can detect the passage of the IC tag T by having directivity so as to limit the range in which the radio wave from the IC tag T can be received. Further, the tag reader identification information is specified as the position where the IC tag T is detected by referring to a table in which the tag reader identification information stored in the work area DB 225 of the management server 20 is associated with the installation position. The relationship between the work area and the detection range of the tag reader will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the work area and the tag reader detection range. The work area represents a production site where work spaces where work is performed by cell lines (job shops) are arranged in an orderly manner. It is assumed that a process is set in which an article assembled in a certain work space 40 is transported to another work space 40 and commercialized. The passage other than the work space passes, for example, by a cart on which parts are placed by the staff.

  The work content of the staff here is not defined as a work route or the like, but refers to a work (for example, a watering work) entrusted to the individual ability of the worker. At the manufacturing site, a flow must be created between the parts storage area and the cell line area, between the work area of the previous process and the work area of the subsequent process, and between different work buildings. For this reason, it is necessary to supply parts to the cell line area in a timely manner. This work is done by “Water Smearing”. Water masquerade comes from the meaning of an insect that runs easily on the surface of the water and changes direction suddenly. Ideally, the water shampooing should be performed by a worker who is familiar with the contents of the cell line, rather than by a layperson who has a predetermined route. In addition to carrying work, it also plays a role of information transmission including work progress and plays the role of playing manager of the cell line.

  In the work area, a detection range 50 of the tag reader 10 is defined. Specifically, detection positions A01 to A07, detection positions A11 to A17, detection positions A21 to A27, detection positions A31 to A37, detection positions A41 to A47, detection positions A51 to A57, detection positions A61 to A67, and detection positions A71 to A77 are associated with the tag reader identification information of the tag reader 10.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the management server 20 is an apparatus that performs information processing, and is realized by, for example, a computer. The management server 20 includes a processing unit 21, a storage unit 22, a communication unit 23, an input unit 24, and an output unit 25. The processing unit 21 stores information received from the tag reader 10 in the storage unit 22 or performs an operation based on the information stored in the storage unit 22, and is realized by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Is done. The storage unit 22 is used for permanently storing programs and data, and includes a hard disk or the like. The communication unit 23 is a communication interface for connecting to the tag reader 10 via the network 30. The input unit 24 is a means for the user of the management server 20 to input information, and is, for example, a keyboard or a mouse. The output unit 25 is a means for displaying information according to an instruction from the processing unit 21 (for example, a liquid crystal display) or a voice alarm device.

  In the processing unit 21 of the management server 20, a flow line trajectory acquisition unit 211 that acquires the flow line trajectory of the worker, a flow line drawing unit 212 that draws the flow line trajectory, and a work standardization unit 213 that standardizes predetermined work contents. And a work standard fixing degree monitoring unit 214 that monitors the standardized work fixing degree, and a work abnormality monitoring part 215 that monitors abnormal work.

  As the processing of the flow line locus acquisition unit 211, information received from the tag reader 10 (IC tag identification information, tag reader identification information, and detection time information of the IC tag T) is recorded in the flow line locus DB 222, and the tag reader identification information is recorded in the work area. There are conversion into detection position information based on the DB 225, and residence time calculation for each detection position based on the detection position and detection time of a predetermined worker. The staying time is a difference time between detection times before and after the worker's traveling direction.

  As the processing of the flow line creation drawing unit 212, individual drawing for each worker who draws a flow line from the information of the time-series flow line locus acquired by the flow line locus acquisition unit 211, and the individual drawing drawn on the layer are performed. There is a batch drawing that draws a variation in the flow path trajectory of a plurality of workers by superimposing them.

  The processing of the work standardization unit 213 includes calculation of a standard work time based on variation in the flow line trajectory of a specific work, calculation of a worker's recommended direction based on a worker's flow line trajectory with good work efficiency, and the like. is there. Specifically, the difference time between the detection times of the tag reader 10 at the work start position and the work end position of each worker flow line trajectory is defined as the total work time, and the average time of the work times of a plurality of workers is calculated. Further, as the processing of the work standardization unit 213, for example, the flow line of the average time or less is used, and the flow line of the worker with a high degree of experience is set as the standard flow line of the predetermined work. This makes it possible to determine an efficient standard work time flow line and to determine a work route.

  The processing of the work standard fixing degree monitoring unit 214 includes calculating a variation in a flow line locus of a predetermined work every predetermined time and monitoring whether or not the variation tends to decrease. For example, if the standard work time calculated this time tends to increase compared to the accumulated standard work time, it is determined that the skill level or standardization degree of work has deteriorated, and a warning / notification is given to the output unit 25. To do. Factors that change the working time include the working day, the working time zone, and the experience level of the worker. For example, there is a case where a person with experience level “CCC” such as part-time job enters, and this is because it is unfamiliar with work and takes too much work time. In addition, the same worker may take too much time in the late night after lunch break.

  The processing of the work abnormality monitoring unit 215 includes monitoring of the staying time at the detection position and monitoring of a predetermined route. For example, if the monitoring item registered in the monitoring DB 224 takes too much work time, and the flow line trajectory is different from the recommended direction, it is determined to be abnormal, and a warning / notification is given to the output unit 25.

  The storage unit 22 includes a work content DB 221 (see FIG. 3), a flow line locus DB 222 (see FIG. 4), a standard work DB 223 (see FIG. 5), a monitoring DB 224 (see FIG. 6), and a work area DB 225. I have. The structure of each database will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a work content information table stored in the work content DB. The work content DB 221 stores a work number, a work start time, a work area, a worker, and an experience level. Specifically, the work number K001 is the work of the staff in charge, and the work in the work area A shown in FIG. 2 is registered. The work number K001 is executed every hour from 9 am every morning (displayed at 0900 of the start time) with a lunch break, and is carried out at 10 o'clock, 11 o'clock, 13 o'clock, and so on. The worker in charge has the experience level ABB for the worker M001 in the morning, and the experience level CCC for the worker M002 in the afternoon. The degree of experience is given by the work manager analyzing work time, degree of comprehension, years of experience, etc., and the credit rating of the work is based on a certain standard "AAA (highest rank)" It is indicated by a symbol such as “CCC (lowest rank)”. The three-digit ranking may be associated with, for example, the first character as a work time, the next character as an understanding level, and the last character as an experience year.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a flow line locus information table stored in the flow line locus DB. The flow line locus DB 222 stores a management number, an operator, a detection position, a detection time, and a residence time. The management number is an identification number for managing information stored in the flow line locus DB 222. Specifically, it can be seen from the information in the row of the identification number A000100 that the worker M001 is detected by the tag reader 10 at the detection position A04 at 9:00:00 on November 30, 2007 (200007110000000). Similarly, it can be understood from the information in the row of the identification number A000101 that the worker M001 is detected by the tag reader 10 at the detection position A14 at 9:00:10 on November 30, 2007 (2007113900010).

  The staying time is, for example, the difference time between the detection position A04 (first position information) and the time information associated with the detection position A14 (second position information). Work time). Specifically, the detection time at the detection position A14 is 9:00:10 on November 30, 2007, and the detection time at the detection position A04 is 9:00:00 on November 30, 2007. Therefore, 10 seconds of the difference time is stored as the residence time at the detection position A04.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a standard work information table stored in the standard work DB. The standard work DB 223 stores a work number, total work time, detection position and work time (work time for each detection position), and recommended direction. For example, in the case of the standard work of work number K001, the total work time is 30 minutes (3000), the work time at detection position A12 is 2 minutes, the work time at detection position A41 is 3 minutes, and the work time at detection position A34 Is 8 minutes. The recommended work direction is the direction from the detection position A31 to the A detection positions 41, A51, and A61.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a monitoring information table stored in the monitoring DB. The monitoring DB 224 stores a work number, total work time, detection position and work time (work time for each detection position), and direction. For example, in the case of the standard work of work number K001, the total work time is 45 minutes (4500), the work time at detection position A12 is 3 minutes, the work time at detection position A41 is 4 minutes, and the work time at detection position A34 Is 15 minutes. For example, the total work time shown in FIG. 5 is 30 minutes, whereas the total work time shown in FIG. 6 is 45 minutes, which is set longer. Even an inexperienced worker is required to complete the work in less than 45 minutes. Further, the progress direction of the monitoring item work is an unfavorable direction, specifically, the direction from the clockwise detection position A14 to the detection position A15 shown in FIG. When the vehicle proceeds in the designated direction, the work abnormality monitoring unit 215 notifies the output unit 25 of a warning.

Next, processing of the work standardization support system SS will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing of the work standardization support system. It is assumed that the information received from the tag reader 10 is appropriately stored in the flow line trajectory DB 222 by the flow line trajectory acquisition unit 211, and here, for work standardization support when a predetermined work is designated from the input unit 24 The process will be described.

  The flow line trajectory acquisition unit 211 identifies the worker based on the work content DB 221 for the work number (for example, K001) designated by the input unit 24, and the flow line trajectory DB 222 for the identified worker. The flow line trajectory information is acquired based on (Step S1). Then, the flow line drawing unit 212 creates a flow line diagram for each layer with the flow line locus for each worker, and together with the layout diagram of the work area shown in FIG. 2, individual flow lines drawn on each layer. By superimposing the diagrams, a collective flow diagram showing the flow trajectories of a plurality of workers is created (step S2) and displayed on the output unit 25. The displayed flow line will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the displayed flow line. FIG. 8A shows an example of layers for each worker, and FIG. 8B is a diagram in which the layers are superimposed together with the layout diagram of the work area. As shown to Fig.8 (a), the flow line locus | trajectory of each worker is produced in layer L1, L2, L3. As shown in FIG. 8B, it can be seen that the flow path trajectory is different for each of the layers L1, L2, and L3 even in the same predetermined work.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a flow line in consideration of work time. In FIG. 8, the flow line trajectory can be easily grasped, but it cannot be grasped from the figure how much work time is required. For this reason, in FIG. 9, the residence time (working time) at the detection position is represented by a pie chart. Since the detection position of the flow line trajectory of the layer L3 shown in FIG. 8 is shown by a large and small pie chart, the administrator determines which detection position requires the work time from the diagram displayed on the output unit 25. Easy to understand. Specifically, the longer the residence time, the larger the pie chart.

  Returning to FIG. 7, the work standardization unit 213 calculates the total work time for each flow line drawn on each layer and the work time at the detection position, calculates the average value of the work time of all the flow lines, and calculates the standard work. Store in the DB 223. Also, with regard to the direction of travel of the flow line, for example, the travel direction of the flow line with less than average work time is extracted and stored in the standard work DB 223 as one of the flow lines of highly experienced workers as the recommended direction. (Step S3).

  The work standard fixing degree monitoring unit 214 determines whether or not the work standard fixing degree is abnormal (step S4). Specifically, when the standard work time calculated this time tends to increase as compared with the standard work time that has already been accumulated, it is determined that the skill level or standardization degree of the work has deteriorated (step S4, S4). Yes), a warning / work instruction (notification) is given to the output unit 25 (step S5). Factors that change the working time include the working day, the working time zone, and the experience level of the worker. For example, when a person with experience level “CCC” such as part-time job enters, it is possible to monitor whether or not it takes too much work time. In addition, even in the case of a late night after a lunch break, the same worker can monitor whether or not it takes too much work time. When the work standardization fixing degree is not abnormal (step S4, No), the process returns to step S1.

  The work abnormality monitoring unit 215 monitors the total work time, the work time for each detected position, and the direction based on the items registered in the monitoring DB 224 (step S6). When the worker's work time is a predetermined value or more, or when the worker's traveling direction is a designated direction (step S6, Yes), a warning / work instruction (notification) is given to the output unit 25 (step S7). For example, when the total work time is 45 minutes (see FIG. 6) or more, the work abnormality monitoring unit 215 warns that the work time is too long compared to the standard time of 30 minutes (see FIG. 5). To do. Further, the work abnormality monitoring unit 215 may warn because the clockwise direction (A14 → A15) in the drawing in the designated direction is an unfavorable direction for the component supply arrangement staff. On the other hand, when the work time of the worker is less than the predetermined value and the traveling direction of the worker is not the designated direction (No at Step S6), the process returns to Step S1.

  In addition, according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 7, the processing of the work standard fixing degree abnormality monitoring (steps S4 and S5) and the flow line abnormality monitoring (steps S6 and S7) have been described as a series of operations. Each process may actually be realized in parallel. Here, it is shown as a flow of a series of operations for convenience.

  In the embodiment described above, the work of the laying staff has been described as the work content. However, the work is not necessarily limited to the work of the staff. For example, in FIG. 2, it is good also as a work of the worker of the cell line in each work space.

  In the embodiment, when the tag reader 10 receives the radio wave transmitted from the IC tag T by the antenna, the tag reader 10 transmits the detection time information of the IC tag T to the management server 20. However, the same tag reader 10 may transmit the undetected time information of the IC tag T when the radio wave transmitted from the IC tag T cannot be detected for a predetermined time after being received by the antenna. In this case, it is possible to store the detection start time and the detection end time at the detection position in the flow line locus DB of FIG. Therefore, the residence time in FIG. 4 can obtain a more accurate residence time (working time) by calculating the difference time between the detection end time and the detection start time.

It is a block diagram which shows the work standardization assistance system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between a work area and a tag reader detection range. It is explanatory drawing which shows the work content information table memorize | stored in work content DB. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow line locus | trajectory information table memorize | stored in flow line locus | trajectory DB. It is explanatory drawing which shows the standard work information table memorize | stored in standard work DB. It is explanatory drawing which shows the monitoring information table memorize | stored in monitoring DB. It is a flowchart which shows the process of a work standardization assistance system. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the displayed flow line. It is a figure which shows an example of the flow line which considered work time.

Explanation of symbols

10 Tag Reader 20 Management Server (Management Device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Processing part 211 Flow line trace acquisition part 212 Flow line preparation figure part 213 Work standardization part 214 Work standard fixing degree monitoring part 215 Work abnormality monitoring part 22 Storage part 221 Work content DB
222 Flow line DB
223 Standard Work DB
224 Monitoring DB
225 Work area DB
T IC tag SS Work standardization support system

Claims (5)

In a work standardization support system that supports work standardization,
A tag reader for receiving information from an IC tag attached to a moving body related to the work;
A management device having a storage unit for accumulating information received from the tag reader,
The management device
A flow line creating means for extracting position information and time information related to a predetermined work stored in the storage unit and creating a flow line related to the predetermined work;
An average time is calculated on the basis of the work time for each flow line, and a work standardization means for storing a flow line equal to or less than the average time as a standard flow line for the predetermined work and storing it in the storage unit. Work standardization support system. The work standardization means stores the time of the difference between the time information associated with the first position information and the second position information in the standard flow line in the storage unit as the work time in the first position information. The work standardization support system according to claim 1, wherein: The management device further includes a work monitoring unit that calculates an average time based on a work time for each flow line every predetermined time, and notifies the output unit when the average time tends to increase. The work standardization support system according to claim 1. A work standardization support method for supporting standardization of work using a tag reader that receives information from an IC tag attached to a moving body related to the work, a storage unit that stores information received from the tag reader, and a management device having a processing unit In
The processor is
Extracting position information and time information related to a predetermined work stored in the storage unit, creating a flow line related to the predetermined work;
A work standardization support method characterized in that an average time is calculated based on the work time for each flow line, a flow line less than the average time is a standard flow line for the predetermined work, and is stored in the storage unit. 5. The processing unit according to claim 4, wherein the processing unit calculates an average time based on a work time for each flow line every predetermined time, and notifies the output unit when the average time tends to increase. Work standardization support method.

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