JP2009133438A - High-pressure liquefied gas storage vaporization device and high-pressure liquefied gas storage vaporization method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-pressure liquefied gas storage vaporization device increasing temperature of a gas flowing through a device, minimizing influences of freezing, failure, troubles of a sensor, and the like, on the device, and pressurizing the vaporized gas to the pressure suitable for gas use facilities. <P>SOLUTION: The high-pressure liquefied gas storage vaporization device 200 includes: a gas storage container 202 for storing a super low-temperature high-pressure liquefied gas; a gas vaporizer 206 for vaporizing the super low-temperature high-pressure liquefied gas by taking it out from the gas storage container 202; a boosting mechanism 212 for boosting the vaporized gas by compressing the vaporized gas; and a supply passage 240 for supplying the boosted gas to the gas use facilities (a combustion section 102) by the boosting mechanism 212. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer and a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method capable of increasing the pressure of vaporized gas to a pressure suitable for gas utilization equipment.

  A liquefied natural gas (hereinafter simply referred to as LNG), which is a kind of liquefied high-pressure gas, is obtained by cooling a natural gas mainly composed of methane generated from the ground to a temperature of about −162 ° C. into a liquid. When natural gas is liquefied into LNG, pretreatment such as desulfurization and dehydration is performed. For this reason, when LNG is burned, the amount of emission of sulfur oxides and the like is small compared to petroleum and clean energy.

  LNG is transported by sea from LNG tankers from the country of origin and imported to a large-scale storage facility installed in Japan's port. LNG transported to a large-scale storage facility may be filled in a transport container of a lorry vehicle and transported to a satellite base (gas storage / use facility). Here, since LNG must be transported while being kept at an ultra-low temperature, it is necessary to use a lorry vehicle equipped with a special transport container having a heat insulating structure.

  In the satellite base, LNG is supplied from a lorry vehicle to a gas storage tank and supplied to a boiler or the like as required by the user.

  As a method of supplying LNG from the lorry vehicle to the gas storage tank, the pressure of the LNG tank loaded on the lorry vehicle is set higher than the pressure of the gas storage tank, and a plurality of blowout heights installed in the gas storage tank are different. The nozzle is switched according to an increase in the liquid level or pressure of the LNG in the gas storage tank, and the LNG is sent as a jet from the nozzle toward the liquid level so that the LNG always reaches the liquid level of the gas storage tank. A method is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In a gas utilization facility such as a boiler using the above-mentioned LNG, in order to pay out (supply) LNG to the gas utilization facility, generally, the LNG is taken out from the lower part of the gas storage tank and vaporized before storing the gas. It returns to the space of the tank. As a result, the pressure in the gas storage tank is increased to a certain level or more, and the LNG can be dispensed by pushing out the LNG by its own pressure.

As another payout method, a method is disclosed in which LNG in a gas storage tank is sucked and taken out by a payout pump, evaporated through a vaporizer, and supplied to a gas utilization facility (for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2002-206694 A JP 2002-168397 A

  However, in the configuration in which a part of the LNG in the gas storage tank described above is taken out, the extracted LNG is vaporized, returned to the gas storage tank again, and the pressure inside the gas storage tank is kept constant, the filling from the lorry vehicle is performed. In order to do so, the pressure can only be increased to a pressure lower than the gas pressure of the lorry vehicle (generally 0.6 MPa). Therefore, there is a restriction on the gas utilization facility which is the gas supply destination.

  Moreover, in the structure which sucks and takes out LNG in a gas storage tank with a discharge pump, there exists a problem that the operation | movement of a discharge pump will be hindered because LNG in a discharge pump vaporizes.

  Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems of the gas utilization facility, the present invention can minimize the adverse effect on the equipment and can increase the pressure of the vaporized gas to a pressure suitable for the gas utilization facility. It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage vaporizer and a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method.

  In order to solve the above problems, a typical configuration of a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer according to the present invention includes a gas storage tank for storing an ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas, and a gas for taking out and vaporizing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas from the gas storage tank. A vaporizer, a boosting mechanism that compresses and boosts the vaporized gas, a pressure control unit that controls the boosting mechanism and maintains the pressure of the boosted gas at a predetermined value, and a gas boosted by the boosting mechanism And a supply path for supplying to the gas utilization facility.

  According to the above configuration, the gas vaporized by the gas vaporizer is compressed by the pressure raising mechanism to be pressurized and supplied (discharged) to the gas utilization facility, so even if the pressure in the gas storage tank is reduced, Furthermore, even when the gas storage tank has a pressure (negative pressure) lower than atmospheric pressure, gas can be supplied to the gas utilization facility.

  In addition, the configuration including the pressure increasing mechanism can increase the pressure after vaporization. Conventionally, the pressure in the gas storage tank needs to be lower than the pressure in the lorry vehicle, and further, the set gas pressure needs to be lowered in order, with the vaporizer and the gas utilization equipment. However, since the pressure is increased after vaporization, an arbitrary gas pressure can be used, and the applicable range of the gas utilization facility can be expanded.

  Further, due to the configuration including the pressure increasing mechanism, the temperature of the gas rises at the same time as the gas is pressurized. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the gas path and instruments from freezing or malfunctioning.

  Further, the gas can be supplied to the gas utilization facility without performing the gas production act of returning the vaporized gas to the gas storage tank and pressurizing the liquid level (increasing the internal pressure). Therefore, the gas supply from the gas storage tank that is not considered as a gas production act to the gas utilization facility can be performed without resident personnel such as security personnel.

  The pressure control unit includes, for example, a pressure detection mechanism on the downstream side of the boost mechanism, and can control the power of the boost mechanism according to the set pressure. With the configuration including such a pressure control unit, it is possible to easily control to a pressure suitable for the gas utilization facility, and it is possible to supply gas to the gas utilization facility with a stable pressure.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another configuration of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer according to the present invention includes a gas storage tank for storing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas, and a gas vaporization for taking out and vaporizing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas from the gas storage tank. A pressure increase mechanism for compressing and increasing the pressure of the vaporized gas, a supply path for supplying the gas pressurized by the pressure increase mechanism to the gas utilization facility, and a gas pressure on the gas utilization facility side from the pressure increase mechanism. And a pressure control circuit that recirculates the gas from the pressure increasing mechanism to the gas vaporizer side when the value exceeds the value.

  The pressure control circuit is composed of, for example, a pressure valve and a check valve that are fixedly installed and set in pressure, and a path that connects from the downstream side (gas utilization equipment side) to the upstream side (gas vaporizer side) of the pressure increasing mechanism. can do. As a result, it is possible to easily control the pressure suitable for the gas utilization facility without waste by simply refluxing the gas using a fixed pressure control circuit, and the gas can be supplied to the gas utilization facility with a stable pressure. It becomes possible to supply.

  The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer further includes a heat exchanger for exchanging the heat of the gas on the gas utilization equipment side and the gas vaporizer side of the booster mechanism, and heat generated by compression in the booster mechanism is boosted with the gas vaporizer. It is good to move between mechanisms and to heat the gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer.

  Since the gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer may have a low temperature below freezing point, if it is supplied as it is, it will cause thermal fatigue to the supply destination equipment including the pressure increasing mechanism. However, according to the above configuration, by heating the gas vaporizer side gas with the heat generated by the compression of the booster mechanism, thermal fatigue is reduced in the booster mechanism and the supply destination device, and the number of breakage of the device is reduced. Can be made.

  The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer may further include a buffer tank that stores gas between the pressure-increasing mechanism and the supply path. Thereby, a pressure can be stabilized further and it can respond to the rapid usage-amount change of gas utilization equipment.

  The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer includes an abnormality detection unit that detects whether or not the gas storage tank has an abnormality, and when the abnormality detection unit detects an abnormality, either or both of the facility and the remote location It is good to provide the alarm part which alert | reports an alarm to.

  Thereby, even if the person in charge is in a remote place, an abnormality can be notified, and the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer can be monitored more reliably and safely.

  The abnormality detection unit of the above liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer is a pressure abnormality detection unit that detects an abnormality in the pressure inside the gas storage tank, a liquid level abnormality detection that detects a decrease in the liquid level of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas inside the gas storage tank , A leakage detection unit for detecting leakage of ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas from the gas storage tank, a pressure-up pressure abnormality detecting unit for detecting pressure abnormality of vaporized ultra-low-temperature liquefied high-pressure gas supplied from the pressure boosting mechanism, an inlet of the pressure boosting mechanism One or more of the temperature abnormality detection units that detect abnormality of the temperature and the outlet temperature may be included.

  When the pressure abnormality detection unit is included, a pressure abnormality in the gas storage tank can be detected, for example, when the gas supply amount increases and the gas in the gas storage tank decreases or when a gas leak occurs. When the liquid level abnormality detection unit is included, the gas consumption of the gas utilization equipment increases, the gas supply from the gas storage tank increases, the gas in the gas storage tank decreases, or the gas leaks It can be detected that the liquid level of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas in the isogas storage tank is below the applicable range. When the leak detector is included, the leak of gas from the gas storage tank can be detected. In the case of including the boosted pressure abnormality detection unit, it is possible to detect whether or not the pressure of the gas supplied from the boosting mechanism is within the applicable range. When the temperature abnormality detection unit is included, it is possible to detect whether or not the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the pressure increasing mechanism are within a predetermined range.

  The ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer may contain liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquid hydrogen as a main component.

  Thereby, it can adapt to LNG utilization facilities, such as a boiler, a gas engine, and a gas turbine, facilities which have a welding process, and liquid hydrogen utilization facilities, such as a semiconductor manufacturing facility.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a typical configuration of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method according to the present invention is to store ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas in a gas storage tank, and from the gas storage tank to the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas. The vaporized gas is compressed by the pressure-increasing mechanism and pressurized, and the pressure-increasing mechanism is controlled to maintain the pressure of the pressurized gas at a predetermined value. It is characterized by supplying to.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, another configuration of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method according to the present invention is to store ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas in a gas storage tank, and use the gas vaporizer to convert ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas from the gas storage tank. The gas is taken out and vaporized, and the gas that has been vaporized is compressed by the pressurizing mechanism to increase the pressure, and the gas pressurized by the pressurizing mechanism is supplied to the gas utilization facility. When it becomes above, it is characterized by making gas recirculate | reflux to the gas vaporizer side from a pressure | voltage rise mechanism.

  The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method exchanges the heat of the gas on the gas utilization equipment side and the gas vaporizer side of the boosting mechanism, moves the heat generated by the compression in the boosting mechanism between the gas vaporizer and the boosting mechanism, The gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer may be heated.

  The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method may detect whether or not the gas storage tank has an abnormality, and if an abnormality is detected, an alarm may be notified to either or both of the facility and the remote location.

  Detection of abnormalities in the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method includes abnormal pressure inside the gas storage tank, lowering of the liquid level of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas inside the gas storage tank, leakage of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas from the gas storage tank, and a pressure boosting mechanism. One or more of the abnormality in the pressure of the vaporized ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas supplied from the above and the abnormality in the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the pressure increasing mechanism may be used.

  The ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas in the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method preferably contains liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquid hydrogen as a main component.

  The components based on the technical idea of the above-described liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer and the description thereof can also be applied to the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method.

  As described above, according to the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus and the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method of the present invention, the temperature of the gas flowing to the equipment can be increased, and the influence on the equipment such as freezing, failure, sensor failure, etc. Therefore, it is possible to increase the pressure of the vaporized gas.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  In the following embodiments, the temperature of the gas flowing to the device can be raised, the influence on the device such as freezing, failure, sensor failure, etc. can be minimized, and the vaporized gas is suitable for gas utilization facilities. A liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer and a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method capable of increasing the pressure to a pressure will be described. Here, the gas boiler (satellite base) using the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer will be described using a gas boiler as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a gas engine, a gas turbine, or the like may be used. In this embodiment, LNG is used as the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas. However, liquefied hydrogen can also be used, and in this case, it can be used as equipment using a welding process, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, etc. as gas-using equipment. . In order to facilitate understanding of the present embodiment, the overall configuration of the gas boiler will be described first, and then the features of the embodiment will be described in detail.

(Gas boiler 100)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the overall configuration of a gas boiler 100 as an example of a gas utilization facility that uses a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer. The gas boiler 100 includes a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200, a combustion unit 102 that is a gas utilization facility, and a condenser 104.

  The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 supplies LNG to the combustion unit 102 described later.

  The combustion unit 102 burns the gas supplied from the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor.

  The condenser 104 is generated in the combustion unit 102 and collects excess water vapor to be supplied to the production line, cooled, returned to water, and sent to the combustion unit 102 again. Cooling water is always circulated in the condenser 104, and the water vapor is rapidly cooled and liquefied.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 in the gas boiler 100 will be described.
(First embodiment)

(Liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporizer 200)
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the supply control unit 210. The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 includes a gas storage tank 202, a gas vaporizer 206, a boil-off gas take-out path 208, a supply control unit 210, a buffer tank 230, a supply path 240, an abnormality detection unit 250, And an alarm unit 260.

  The gas storage tank 202 stores LNG as an ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas supplied from the tank of the lorry vehicle 204. Since LNG is an ultra-low temperature liquid of about −162 ° C., the inside of the gas storage tank 202 has a double structure (so-called thermos structure) with low thermal conductivity. In the present embodiment, the gas storage tank 202 uses a ground type, but is not limited to this, and it is sufficient if the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas can be stored, and an underground type can also be suitably used.

  The gas vaporizer 206 heats and vaporizes LNG to make a gas. In the present embodiment, the gas vaporizer 206 uses an air temperature type, but a gas vaporizer such as a hot water type can also be suitably used. In the present embodiment, two gas vaporizers 206 are installed in parallel, and the gas vaporizers 206 are alternately used to supply gas to the gas utilization facility without reducing the vaporization efficiency. Further, a heater (not shown) may be provided in order to prevent the temperature of the supplied gas from decreasing.

  A Boil Off Gas (BOG) take-out path 208 joins BOG generated by natural heat input from the outside of the gas storage tank 202 with LNG vaporized by the gas vaporizer 206.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the supply control unit 210 includes a boosting mechanism 212, a pressure control unit 214, and a heat exchanger 216.

  The boosting mechanism 212 includes an explosion-proof blower, a booster such as a roots booster, a compressor, and the like, and compresses and boosts the gas vaporized by the gas vaporizer 206. The pressure-increased gas is transferred to a supply path 240, which will be described later, and supplied to the combustion unit 102, which is a gas utilization facility. In this embodiment, the boosting by the boosting mechanism 212 can be boosted to less than 1.0 MPa. In addition, when adapting to gas utilization equipment, it raises about 0.1 MPa higher than the adaptation pressure of gas utilization equipment.

  The pressure control unit 214 controls the pressure increasing mechanism 212 and maintains the pressure of the increased gas at a predetermined value. Specifically, a pressure detection mechanism (not shown) measures the pressure on the downstream side of the boosting mechanism 212 and electrically controls the power of the boosting mechanism 212 to thereby increase the pressure boosted by the boosting mechanism 212 to a predetermined value. To maintain. As a result, it is possible to easily control the pressure suitable for the combustion unit 102 (gas utilization facility), and to supply gas to the combustion unit 102 at a stable pressure.

  The heat exchanger 216 exchanges the heat of the gas on the gas utilization facility (combustion unit 102) side and the gas vaporizer 206 side of the booster mechanism 212. That is, the gas introduced into the booster mechanism 212 is preheated using heat generated by adiabatic compression in the booster mechanism 212.

  Since the gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer 206 may become a low temperature below freezing point, if it is supplied as it is, it will cause thermal fatigue to the supply destination equipment including the booster mechanism 212. Therefore, by heating the gas on the gas vaporizer 206 side with the heat generated by the compression in the boosting mechanism 212, the supply destination device is not subjected to thermal fatigue, and the number of breakage of the device can be reduced. .

  Further, if the gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer 206 is supplied as it is, the piping may be damaged due to low temperature brittleness, or the instruments may malfunction. Therefore, conventionally, dedicated pipes and instruments have to be used, resulting in high costs. However, when the pressure raising mechanism 212 heats the gas, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated pipe for the portion that can be heated by the pressure raising mechanism 212, and the cost can be reduced.

  In order to protect piping and instruments, the gas temperature is preferably 0 ° C. or higher. Therefore, a further heater may be provided between the gas vaporizer 206 and the pressure raising mechanism 212 (not shown). Thereby, even if heating may not be enough only by heat exchange, gas can be heated to arbitrary temperature.

  The buffer tank 230 is provided between the pressure-increasing mechanism 212 and a supply path 240 described later, and absorbs a sudden change in the amount of gas used by the gas utilization facility. Thereby, a pressure can be stabilized further and a gas utilization facility can be operated stably.

  The supply path 240 supplies the gas pressurized by the pressure increasing mechanism 212 to the combustion unit 102 that is a gas utilization facility. The supply path 240 has a pressure regulating valve 240a, and supplies the gas at a stable pressure by lowering the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure increasing mechanism 212 to a pressure used by the gas utilization facility.

  The abnormality detection unit 250 includes a pressure abnormality detection unit, a liquid level abnormality detection unit, a leakage detection unit, a boosted pressure abnormality detection unit, and a temperature abnormality detection unit, and the gas storage tank 202 is abnormal. Detect whether or not.

  The pressure abnormality detection unit uses, for example, a semiconductor pressure sensor. When the gas supply amount from the gas storage tank 202 increases and the gas in the gas storage tank 202 decreases from a predetermined amount, or when a gas leak occurs, etc. An abnormal pressure in the gas storage tank 202 is detected. Furthermore, the pressure abnormality detection unit detects an abnormality even when the gas supply amount from the gas storage tank 202 decreases and the supply gas pressure increases.

  The liquid level abnormality detection unit uses, for example, a differential pressure type, and the gas consumption of the gas utilization facility increases, the gas supply amount from the gas storage tank 202 increases, and the gas in the gas storage tank 202 decreases. It is detected that the liquid level of the LNG in the gas storage tank 202 is less than the applicable range in the case where gas leakage occurs. The application range of the gas storage tank 202 is determined by the capacity. Since the capacity of the gas storage tank 202 of this embodiment is 100 kl, the application range is 20 kl to 90 kl. In this embodiment, since the height of the gas storage tank 202 is about 15 m and the diameter is about 2 m, the application range is about 4 m to about 13 m. The differential pressure equation is a method of measuring the gas phase and liquid phase pressure in the gas storage tank 202 and calculating the liquid level from the pressure difference ΔP.

  The leak detection unit uses, for example, a diffusion type, measures the methane concentration contained in LNG, and detects the gas leak from the gas storage tank 202. The leak detection unit can also use, for example, an optical fiber type gas detection system.

  The pressure increase abnormality detection unit detects an abnormality in the pressure of the vaporized ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas supplied from the pressure increase mechanism 212.

  The temperature abnormality detection unit uses, for example, a temperature sensor based on a thermocouple, and detects abnormalities in the temperature of the gas supplied to the booster mechanism 212 (inlet temperature) and the temperature of the gas supplied from the booster mechanism 212 (outlet temperature). Detect. Further, the temperature abnormality detection unit detects an abnormality even when the temperature of the gas downstream of the gas vaporizer 206 is lowered.

  The alarm unit 260 notifies an alarm when the abnormality detection unit 250 detects an abnormality. The notification can be made in one or both of the facility having the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 and the remote location where the person in charge is located. Thereby, even if a person such as a person in charge is at a remote place, an abnormality can be notified, and the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 can be monitored more reliably and safely.

(Liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporization method)
Subsequently, a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method using the above-described liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method using the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus 200.

  First, LNG, which is an ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas, is stored in the gas storage tank 202 from the lorry vehicle 204 (S300). The LNG is taken out from the gas storage tank 202 in a liquid state (S302), and the liquid LNG is vaporized by the gas vaporizer 206 (S304), and the vaporized gas is compressed by the pressure raising mechanism 212 to be pressurized (S306). . When the pressure increasing mechanism 212 is operated, even if the gas storage tank 202 has a negative pressure, LNG is taken out from the gas storage tank 202 in a liquid state due to a pressure difference.

  The heat generated in S306 is transferred between the gas vaporizer 206 and the pressure raising mechanism 212 using the heat exchanger 216 that exchanges the heat of the gas on the gas utilization equipment side and the gas vaporizer 206 side of the pressure raising mechanism 212. The gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer 206 is heated (S308).

  The pressure of the gas boosted in S306 is measured (S310). If the pressure is not a predetermined pressure, the pressure control unit 214 controls the boosting mechanism 212 to maintain the pressure of the boosted gas at a predetermined value (S312). .

  Further, the abnormality detection unit 250 detects whether or not the gas storage tank 202 has an abnormality (S314). If no abnormality is detected in S314, that is, if the engine is operating normally, the supply of LNG from the gas storage tank 202 to the combustion unit 102, which is a gas utilization facility, continues (S316).

  When an abnormality is detected in S314, an alarm is notified by the alarm unit 260 to either or both of the facility where the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 is held and / or a remote location (S318). Thereby, even if a person such as a person in charge is at a remote place, an abnormality can be notified, and the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 can be monitored more reliably and safely.

  Further, when an alarm is notified in S318, it is determined whether or not the abnormality detected in S314 is a serious failure (S320). If it is determined in S320 that there is a serious failure, the supply path 240 is blocked (S322). In the present embodiment, a serious failure is detected when the gas level in the gas storage tank has become a predetermined temperature or lower when it is detected that the liquid level in the gas storage tank has become a predetermined height or lower. A case where it is detected that the pressure of the gas supplied from the pressure increasing mechanism 212 is outside the predetermined range, and a case where it is detected that the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the pressure increasing mechanism 212 are outside the predetermined range.

  If it is determined in S320 that it is not a serious failure, that is, if it is a minor failure, S316 is continued and supplied to the combustion unit 102.

  As described above, in the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer 200 according to the present embodiment, the gas vaporized by the gas vaporizer 206 is compressed by the pressure-increasing mechanism 212 to be pressurized (supplied) to the gas utilization facility. Even when the pressure in the gas storage tank 202 is lowered, and even when the pressure in the gas storage tank 202 is lower than the atmospheric pressure (negative pressure), gas is supplied to the gas utilization facility. be able to. Thereby, it becomes possible to supply gas to gas utilization equipment, without performing the gas production act of returning the vaporized gas to the gas storage tank 202 and pressurizing the liquid surface (increasing the internal pressure). Therefore, it is possible to supply gas to the combustion unit 102 without having a staff member such as a security staff resident, and it is possible to continue operating the combustion unit 102 which is a gas utilization facility.

  Further, since the pressure of the gas vaporizer 206 is lowered by the pressure raising mechanism 212, propane, butane, or the like having a high boiling point contained in LNG is easily evaporated. As described above, when a plurality of gas vaporizers 206 are provided in parallel and the gas vaporizers 206 are alternately used, propane, butane, and the like remaining from the gas vaporizer 206 at the switching destination suddenly boil and gas is temporarily generated. The amount of heat may increase. However, since propane and butane easily evaporate as described above, it is possible to prevent the gas vaporizer 206 from remaining and prevent energy fluctuation.

  Further, the configuration including the pressure increasing mechanism 212 can increase the pressure after vaporization. Conventionally, the pressure in the gas storage tank needs to be lower than the pressure in the lorry vehicle, and further, the set gas pressure needs to be lowered in order, with the vaporizer and the gas utilization equipment. However, in this embodiment, since the pressure is increased after vaporization, an arbitrary gas pressure can be used, and the adaptive range of the gas utilization facility can be expanded. Since the pressure increasing mechanism 212 increases the pressure of the gas to a low pressure gas of less than 1.0 MPaG, this pressure increase does not correspond to a gas production act.

  Moreover, since the inside of the gas storage tank 202 is not pressurized, the pressure in the gas storage tank 202 is lowered when the gas is continuously used in the gas utilization facility. Therefore, conventionally, the gas storage tank 202 has been managed at about 0.4 MPaG. However, in the above configuration, since the pressure is lower than this, the time for filling the gas storage tank 202 with LNG from the lorry vehicle 204 is dramatically increased. It can be shortened.

  Further, due to the heat generated by the adiabatic compression of the pressure increasing mechanism 212, the gas is pressurized and at the same time the temperature rises. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the gas path and instruments from freezing or malfunctioning. Further, by applying heat from the boosting mechanism 212 to the upstream side using the heat exchanger 216, the boosting mechanism 212 itself can be protected from a low temperature.

(Second embodiment)
A second embodiment of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus and the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method according to the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the pressure increasing mechanism provided with the pressure increasing mechanism downstream of the gas vaporizer has been described as being pressure controlled by the pressure control unit. On the other hand, this embodiment demonstrates the example which recirculates the gas of the downstream (gas utilization equipment side) of a pressure | voltage rise mechanism to the gas vaporizer side of a pressure | voltage rise mechanism, and maintains supply pressure. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the supply control unit 410 according to the present embodiment. Compared to the supply control unit 210 described in the first embodiment, the supply control unit 410 includes a pressure control circuit 414. The pressure control circuit 414 includes a pressure valve 414a and a check valve 414b that are fixedly installed and set in pressure, and a path that connects from the downstream side (gas utilization facility side) to the upstream side (gas vaporizer side) of the pressure increasing mechanism. Can be configured. Therefore, when the gas pressure is equal to or higher than a predetermined value on the downstream side of the pressure increasing mechanism 212, the gas is recirculated to the upstream side of the pressure increasing mechanism 212.

  As a result, the pressure that has become too high can be easily controlled to a pressure suitable for the gas utilization facility (combustion unit 102) simply by refluxing the gas, and the gas can be supplied at a stable pressure. It becomes.

(Liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporization method)
Subsequently, a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method using the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method using the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus according to the second embodiment. Differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described (see FIG. 4).

  Similarly to the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, after the gas vaporized by the gas vaporizer 206 is compressed and pressurized by the pressure increasing mechanism 212 (S306), the heat generated by the adiabatic compression is increased using the heat exchanger 216. Move to the upstream side of the mechanism 212 (S308).

  When the pressure on the downstream side of the pressure increasing mechanism 212 becomes equal to or higher than the set pressure of the pressure valve 414a, the pressure valve 414a is opened and gas flows back from the downstream side to the upstream side (S512). The check valve 414b does not operate due to a pressure difference while the pressure increase mechanism 212 is operating normally, but prevents the gas from flowing out when the supply path 240 to the gas utilization facility is opened, for example.

  As described above, the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer according to the present embodiment includes the pressure control circuit 414, so that, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the gas pressure on the downstream side of the pressure increasing mechanism 212 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. In this case, the pressure can be easily controlled to a pressure suitable for the gas utilization facility without waste, and the gas can be supplied to the gas utilization facility at a stable pressure.

  Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such examples. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, LNG and liquid hydrogen are described as the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an ultra-low-temperature liquefied high-pressure gas is sufficient, and oxygen, nitrogen, argon, or the like can be suitably used. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a pressure holding mechanism 270 is provided in the gas storage tank, a part of the LNG in the gas storage tank is taken out via the take-off path opening / closing valve 270a, and the extracted LNG is taken by the pressurized evaporator 272. It may be configured to vaporize and return to the gas storage tank 202 again to increase the pressure inside the gas storage tank (perform a gas production act). At this time, the pressure of the gas storage tank 202 can be controlled through the repressurization control valve 270b. And in the daytime when the amount of use in the gas utilization facility is large, a security worker is assigned to perform the gas manufacturing act, and at night when the amount of use is small, the present invention is carried out, and no personnel such as security personnel are arranged. Good.

  In addition, each process in the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method of this specification does not necessarily need to process in time series along the order described as a flowchart, and is a process (for example, parallel processing) performed in parallel or individually. Alternatively, processing by an object) may be included.

  The present invention can be used for a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer and a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method.

It is explanatory drawing explaining the whole structure of the gas boiler as an example of the gas utilization plant | facility using a liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus concerning 1st embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the supply control part concerning 1st embodiment. It is the flowchart which showed the flow of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method using the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus concerning 1st embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining the structure of the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus concerning 2nd embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the supply control part concerning 2nd embodiment. It is the flowchart which showed the flow of the liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporization method using the liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporization apparatus concerning 2nd embodiment. It is a figure explaining other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Gas boiler, 102 ... Combustion part, 104 ... Condenser, 200 ... Liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporizer, 202 ... Gas storage tank, 204 ... Raleigh vehicle, 206 ... Gas vaporizer 208 ... Boil-off gas extraction path, 210 ... Supply Control unit 212 ... Pressure increase mechanism, 214 ... Pressure control unit, 216 ... Heat exchanger, 230 ... Buffer tank, 240 ... Supply path, 240a ... Pressure adjustment valve, 250 ... Abnormality detection unit, 260 ... Alarm unit, 270 ... Pressure Holding mechanism, 270a ... take-off path opening / closing valve, 270b ... re-pressurization control valve, 272 ... pressurization evaporator, 410 ... supply control unit, 414 ... pressure control circuit, 414a ... pressure valve, 414b ... check valve

Claims (11)

A gas storage tank for storing ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas;
A gas vaporizer for taking out and vaporizing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas from the gas storage tank;
A pressurizing mechanism for compressing and pressurizing the vaporized gas;
A pressure control unit for controlling the pressure-increasing mechanism and maintaining the pressure of the boosted gas at a predetermined value;
A supply path for supplying the gas boosted by the boosting mechanism to the gas utilization facility;
A liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer characterized by comprising: A gas storage tank for storing ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas;
A gas vaporizer for taking out and vaporizing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas from the gas storage tank;
A pressurizing mechanism for compressing and pressurizing the vaporized gas;
A supply path for supplying the gas boosted by the boosting mechanism to the gas utilization facility;
A pressure control circuit for recirculating gas from the pressure-increasing mechanism to the gas vaporizer side when the gas pressure exceeds a predetermined value on the gas-using facility side from the pressure-increasing mechanism;
A liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer characterized by comprising: A heat exchanger for exchanging heat of the gas on the gas utilization facility side and the gas vaporizer side of the boost mechanism;
The heat generated by the compression in the pressure raising mechanism is transferred between the gas vaporizer and the pressure raising mechanism, and the gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer is heated. Liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporizer.   The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a buffer tank for storing gas between the pressure increasing mechanism and the supply path. An anomaly detector that detects whether the gas storage tank has an anomaly;
When the abnormality detection unit detects an abnormality, an alarm unit that notifies an alarm in one or both of the facility and a remote place, and
The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: The abnormality detection unit
A pressure abnormality detection unit that detects an abnormality in pressure inside the gas storage tank, a liquid level abnormality detection unit that detects a decrease in liquid level of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas inside the gas storage tank, and the ultra-low temperature liquefaction from the gas storage tank A leakage detection unit for detecting leakage of high-pressure gas, a pressure increase abnormality detection unit for detecting an abnormality in pressure of the vaporized ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas supplied from the pressure increase mechanism, and an abnormality in inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the pressure increase mechanism 6. The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporizer according to claim 5, comprising one or a plurality of temperature abnormality detection units that detect liquefaction. Store ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas in gas storage tank,
Taking out and vaporizing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas from the gas storage tank with a gas vaporizer,
The vaporized gas is compressed by a pressure increasing mechanism to increase the pressure,
Controlling the pressure raising mechanism to maintain the pressure of the pressurized gas at a predetermined value;
A method for storing and vaporizing a liquefied high-pressure gas, wherein the gas pressurized by the pressure-increasing mechanism is supplied to a gas utilization facility. Store ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas in gas storage tank,
Taking out and vaporizing the ultra-low temperature liquefied high pressure gas from the gas storage tank with a gas vaporizer,
The vaporized gas is compressed by a pressure increasing mechanism to increase the pressure,
Supplying the gas pressurized by the pressure-increasing mechanism to a gas utilization facility;
A liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method, wherein when the pressure of a gas exceeds a predetermined value on the gas utilization facility side from the pressure raising mechanism, the gas is recirculated from the pressure raising mechanism to the gas vaporizer side. Exchange the heat of the gas on the gas utilization equipment side and the gas vaporizer side of the boost mechanism,
The heat generated by the compression in the pressure raising mechanism is moved between the gas vaporizer and the pressure raising mechanism, and the gas vaporized in the gas vaporizer is heated. Liquefied high pressure gas storage vaporization method. Detecting whether the gas storage tank is abnormal,
The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein when the abnormality is detected, an alarm is notified to either one or both of the facility and the remote place. The detection of the abnormality is
Abnormal pressure inside the gas storage tank, liquid level drop of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas inside the gas storage tank, leakage of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas from the gas storage tank, vaporization supplied from the pressure increasing mechanism The liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method according to claim 10, wherein the liquefied high-pressure gas storage vaporization method is performed by one or more of an abnormality in pressure of the ultra-low temperature liquefied high-pressure gas and an abnormality in inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the pressure increasing mechanism.

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